LooksRareProxy is missing the fee mechanism, protocol may loss the revenue from fee

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact LooksRareProxy is missing the fee mechanism, the protocol may lose revenue from the fee. Even if you intend to have a free fee, the fee mechanism should be implemented in case you need to enforce the fee in the future. Proof of Concept function execute...

calling execute() may lead to stealing funds if some ETH is stuck on the contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact if some Ether is sent erroneously or not to the contract, anyone that calls correctly LooksRareAggregator.execute will be able to steal those coins. to execute the function using ethers as payment, these conditions must be true: there is at least a trade...

Theft of ETH that was not used for successful execution of orders in non-atomic execution

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description There is an execute function in LooksRareAggregator contract. It refunds any ETH that was unused for example that left due to the unsuccessful execution of an order at the end of its execution flow: returnETHIfAnyoriginator; returnETHIfAny function ...

LowLevelETH: _returnETHIfAny; _returnETHIfAny; _returnETHIfAnyWithOneWeiLeft do not check if call was successful

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact This means that the caller won't receive ETH but the transaction will continue, this could specially affects to function LookRareAggregator.execute, which use returnETHIfAnyaddress function, leading to originator lose of funds or mess up its state...

No Revert on Failure, an order can be execute successfully by disguising them as NFTs.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact ERC20 tokens don't throw a error when failed in transfer. A malicious user can pretend to be sending an ERC721 token while it is something else. Orders are getting executed inside LooksRareProxy.sol, an attacker as a maker can make an BasicOrder that has...

The attacker can steal the ETH of users that wanted to buy an NFT by sandwiching the victim transaction.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The attacker can steal the ETH of users that wanted to buy an NFT by sandwiching the victim transaction. Proof of Concept In non-atomic some of the orders could fail and funds should return and the end of execute function - . But the returnETHIfAny...

calling execute() may lead to stealing funds if some ERC20 is stuck on the contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact if some tokens is sent erroneously or not to the contract, anyone that calls correctly LooksRareAggregator.execute will be able to steal those coins. to execute the function using ethers as payment, these conditions must be true: there is at least a trad...

It is possible for ETH to be trapped inside LooksRareAggregattor contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If a user purchases NFTs with ETH or ETH and ERC20 tokens but with limited gas fees, it is possible that all purchase transactions are successful and have some ETH or ETH and ERC20 tokens left. The left ETH may be trapped inside the contract and the user...

Any user can collect tokens trapped in the aggregator

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Any user can execute a trade on the aggregator to collect trapped tokens. Which should be an action only allowed by the owner. The issue is in how returnERC20TokensIfAny gets the amount to send back by checking the balances of the contract. Proof of...

The owner of the contract can broke the storage of the LooksRareAggregator contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The owner of the contract can broke the storage of the LooksRareAggregator contract Proof of Concept The addFunction function - can be called by the owner to to set proxy address and function selector for the function to be called inside this proxy. This...

Buyers unused ETH funds can be stolen (Direct theft of funds)

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The protocol has recognized the need to track buyers ETH in order to refund unused ETH by implementing the returnDust function and setupExecution modifier. The implementation creates an attack vector that allows the seller to steal the unused ETH...

Overpayment of ETH is not refunded to the buyer

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Overpayment of ETH is not refunded to the buyer Proof of Concept ' function executeFundsTransfer address seller, address buyer, address paymentToken, Fee calldata fees, uint256 price internal if msg.sender == buyer && paymentToken == address0...

Upgraded Q -> M from #272 [1668215320788]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 272 as M risk. The relevant finding follows: Inaccurate comment can be misleading. The following retrievePledgeRewards function is for retrieving the non-distributed rewards from an expired pledge, not just a closed pledge. Calling this function for a pledge th...

Replay attack for authorized orders

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. Nonce is used by sellers and buyers to avoid replay attack for their orders. However, since sellHash and buyHash only contain the order info and the nonce, it is still possible to have a replay attack...

The bulkExecute function does not bypass failed executions.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. According to the documentation, "Add bulk execute function; attempted executions that fail should be bypassed". However, the implementation of bulkExecute does not conform to this spec. Fail executions...

Loss of user funds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The LooksRareAggregator contract can receive ether but cannot return it unless through the returnERC20TokensIfAny or returnETHIfAny function. This means that there is a scenario where a user can accidentally transfer funds to this contract and those fund...

Upgraded Q -> M from #107 [1668211909800]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 107 as M risk. The relevant finding follows: L-01 WardenPledge inherits Ownable instead of Owner The contract imports Owner.sol but inherits Ownable - should both import and inherit Owner --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:...

Upgraded Q -> M from #20 [1668209885833]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 20 as M risk. The relevant finding follows: 2. Ownable and Pausable The contract WardenPledge is Ownable and Pausable, so the owner could resign while the contract is paused, causing a Denial of Service. Owner resignation while the contract is paused should be...

Re-Entrancy when invoking ERC20EnabledLooksRareAggregator.execute() function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact We didn't check the address of currency . We don't know if the currency is ERC20 or not, and then just invoke currency.call. For these functions, we don't have any Re-Entrancy check. It will definitely lead to an Re-Entrancy issue on the currency side...

Unsafe usage of ERC20 transfer and transferFrom

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Some ERC20 tokens functions don’t return a boolean, for example, USDT, BNB, OMG. So the LowLevelERC20Transfer contract simply won’t work with tokens like that as the token. Proof of Concept USDT’s transfer and transferFrom functions don't return a bool,...

Upgraded Q -> M from #43 [1668210521611]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 43 as M risk. The relevant finding follows: Q-02 - Huge trust assumption in recoverErc20 Reward tokens are transferred into this contract when a pledge is created. The comment notes " Recovers ERC2O tokens sent by mistake to the contract", but this function can...

Legitimate token / USD pairs with more than 8 decimals are not handled correctly

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The decimals returned by the Chainlink oracles are assumed to be 8 throughout this protocol. However, there are legitimate token / USD pairs that have the corresponding Chainlink oracles to return more than 8 decimals; for example, the AMPL / USD pair's...

State varaible marketplace has never been initialized in LooksRareProxy.sol

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. State varaible marketplace has never been initialized in LooksRareProxy.sol. Although it has been initialized in the constructor, it won't count since functions such as execute will only be called via...

call() should be used instead of transfer() on address payable

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept The use of the deprecated transfer function for an address will inevitably make the transaction fail when: 1. The claimer smart contract does not implement a payable function. 2. The claimer smart contract does implement a payable fallback whic...

Closing an unexisting credit can overflow the credit count variable in the LineOfCredit contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details The LineOfCredit contract doesn't verify if a credit exists and is properly initialized when closing it, and will update its state anyway, leading to an inconsistent count. Impact The close function in the LineOfCredit contract doesn't check if the given credit...

SpigotLib._claimRevenue is marked public instead of internal

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact SpigotLib.claimRevenue is marked public instead of internal. This public function is wrapped in the external claimRevenue function. Attacker can call claimRevenue to claim Revenue Tokens into the Spigot escrow for later withradrawal. Tools Used Manual...

When lender consents before borrower in ETH credit token, all the lent funds are permanently lost.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description The addCredit function transfers money from lender to a LineOfCredit contract, and opens a credit account. increaseCredit transfers additional funds to an existing credit account contract. Both functions are payable and guarded by mutualConsent, whi...

Borrower can craft a borrow that cannot be liquidated, even by arbiter.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description LineOfCredit manages an array of open credit line identifiers called ids. Many interactions with the Line operate on ids0, which is presumed to be the oldest borrow which has non zero principal. For example, borrowers must first deposit and repay to...

Having nonzero allowance to the exchange will prevent any future trades

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A borrower can prevent other lenders to call claimAndRepay, in other words the lenders can not use the revenue streams in the spigotedLine. Proof of Concept Suppose a borrower has a stream of revenue token, and also borrowed some tokens already. Then the...

Borrower can put their address when submiting addCredit() which can make the lender not be able to withdraw tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact when calling addCredit by borrower, they can choose to put in their address as the lender instead of the actuall lender. this can bring problems later on when the lender is trying to withdraw funds from the contract. they wont be able to withdraw the fun...

ETH can be accidentally sent with ERC20 in sendOutTokenOrETH function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact ETH can be accidentally sent with ERC20 in sendOutTokenOrETH function User who wants to send ERC20 due to payable function can write a value in the value field Proof of Concept contracts/utils/LineLib.sol: 33 / 34: function sendOutTokenOrETH 35: address...

## Potential for loops hitting the block gas limit

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept A malicious/compromised LineOfCredit arbiter can add a huge amount of collaterals to the Escrow by calling enableCollateral. This method pushes each collateral token to an array that is then iterated over in getCollateralValue. If the array siz...

Use of .transfer()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Note: I realize that this was flagged in the C4udit output, though it seems to believe that it's an ERC20 transfer. The use of transfer to send ETH only forwards 2300 gas to the recipient. This is not enough gas to execute a gnosis safe delegatecall. Fun...

revenueContract that uses AccessControl instead of Ownable can’t work with SpigotLib's removeSpigot()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept The code in removeSpigot is the following bool success, = revenueContract.call abi.encodeWithSelector self.settingsrevenueContract.transferOwnerFunction, self.operator // assume function only takes one param that is new owner address ; So...

Closing a single credit line can be reentered and allows closing all open credit lines

Lines of code Vulnerability details Closing a single credit line can be reentered and allows decrementing count as many times as needed to reach the value 0. As soon as the value is 0, the status of all credit lines will be updated to LineLib.STATUS.REPAID. Reentrancy is possible by the borrower ...

LineLib.sendOutTokenOrETH() may not be compatible with contract receiver because of use of transfer()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact LineLib.sendOutTokenOrETH may revert when its receiver is a contract, preventing it from receiving ETH, and thus from much of the functionality of the protocol. Proof of Concept LineLib.sendOutTokenOrETH is as follows. / @notice - Send ETH or ERC20 token...

Logic in LineLib does not work correctly with fee-on-transfer tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept Some tokens take a transfer fee e.g. STA, PAXG, some do not currently charge a fee but may do so in the future e.g. USDT, USDC. The code currently receives ERC20 tokens but does not account for the potential fees paid in the transfer. If such a...

Unlimited length of LineOfCredit.ids: out of gas

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There are no restrictions for ids length But there are many loops through ids. So if length will be bigger then some max value, loops may fail because of consuming all gas Proof of Concept Functions LineOfCredit.updateOutstandingDebt and...

The execute() function of SeaportProxy.sol will always fail.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. While L69 of SeaportProxy.sol is successful in preventing the function being called by a contract other than the LooksRareAggregator, unfortunately, the current implementation will fail the calling from...

[NAZ-M2] Lack of Price Freshness Check In Oracle.sol#latestRoundData() Allows A Stale Price To Be Used

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Oracle.sol should use the updatedAt value from the Oracle.sollatestRoundData function to make sure that the latest answer is recent enough to be used. Proof of Concept In the current implementation of Oracle.sollatestRoundData, there is no freshness chec...

Lender will not receive facilityFee if borrower leaves the borrow open with principal zero.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description The SecuredLine's liquidate function is supposed to be a defense of last resort, for arbiter to claim collateral from borrower who has not paid: function liquidate uint256 amount, address targetToken external whileBorrowing returnsuint256 ifmsg.send...

SpigotedLineLib::trade won’t work with tokens with approval race protection (USDT)

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept Some tokens e.g. USDT, KNC do not allow approving an amount M 0 when an existing amount N 0 is already approved. This is to protect from an ERC20 attack vector described here. The problem is the code in trade is the following...

Unlimited length of LineOfCredit.ids: storage collisions

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There are no restrictions for ids length So malicious borrower may create many credits and replace storage slot data at some position Proof of Concept 1. LineOfCredit.ids saves array size in slot Oracle data feed is insufficiently validated in Oracle.sol...

Potential DoS when closing a credit nominated in ETH in the LineOfCredit contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details When closing a credit that was issued in ETH, the LineOfCredit contract will send the lender his deposit and any accrued interests using the address.transferamount function, which may fail and revert the whole function, leading to an eventual DoS. Impact The...

Logic in SpigotLib will not work with rebasing tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept Some tokens may make arbitrary balance modifications outside of transfers e.g. Ampleforth style rebasing tokens, Compound style airdrops of governance tokens, mintable / burnable tokens. The code in the claimEscrow function uses a previously...

Borrower's principal can be enormous due to underflow

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The lender and the borrower can repay borrower's debt using unusedTokens in SpigotedLine.useAndRepay function. The repay amount can be as much as unusedTokenscredit.token in SpigotedLine.useAndRepay143. The actual repay is handled in CreditLib.repay, and...

Missing ReEntrancy Guard to sendOutTokenOrETH function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept There is no re-entry risk on true ERC-20 tokens that work according to the spec i.e. audited, etc.. However you can write a malicious ERC-20 with custom transferFrom or approve that have re-entrancy hooks to attack a target. Furthermore ERC-777...

Oracle’s price is not checked for staleness

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of Concept The code makes use of Chainlink’s latestRoundData method but it does no validations on the input from it. The protocol has handling for price that is negative or zero in the methods that call getLatestAnswer but it is missing a check for...

Chainlink USD price feeds can have more than 8 decimals

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Collateral value is overestimated by orders of magnitude if asset that has a chainlink oracle USD price feed with more than 8 decimals is added. A borrower can borrow much more than allowed in an EscrowedLine Proof of Concept In Oracle.sol the USD price...

Line of credit status can be set to REPAID even if having credits with debt

Lines of code Vulnerability details A malicious borrower can close non-existing credits to alter the status of the credit to LineLib.STATUS.REPAID, even if having open credit with debt. Impact The close function in the LineOfCredit contract can be used to close non-existing credits, which will...