Modeling Sparse and Bursty Vulnerability Sightings: Forecasting under Data Constraints

Understanding and anticipating vulnerability-related activity is a major challenge in cyber threat intelligence. This work investigates whether vulnerability sightings, such as proof-of-concept releases, detection templates, or online discussions, can be forecast over time. Building on our earlie...

CSLE: A Reinforcement Learning Platform for Autonomous Security Management

Reinforcement learning is a promising approach to autonomous and adaptive security management in networked systems. However, current reinforcement learning solutions for security management are mostly limited to simulation environments and it is unclear how they generalize to operational systems...

Too Private to Tell: Practical Token Theft Attacks on Apple Intelligence

Apple Intelligence is a generative AI GenAI service provided by Apple on its devices. While offering a similar set of features as other similar GenAI services, Apple Intelligence is claimed to be designed with an extra focus on user security and privacy through a two-stage authentication and...

MLDAS: Machine Learning Dynamic Algorithm Selection for Software-Defined Networking Security

Network security is a critical concern in the digital landscape of today, with users demanding secure browsing experiences and protection of their personal data. This study explores the dynamic integration of Machine Learning ML algorithms with Software-Defined Networking SDN controllers to enhan...

ConGISATA: A Framework for Continuous Gamified Information Security Awareness Training and Assessment

The incidence of cybersecurity attacks utilizing social engineering techniques has increased. Such attacks exploit the fact that in every secure system, there is at least one individual with the means to access sensitive information. Since it is easier to deceive a person than it is to bypass the...

NFTDELTA: Detecting Permission Control Vulnerabilities in NFT Contracts through Multi-View Learning

Permission control vulnerabilities in Non-fungible token NFT contracts can result in significant financial losses, as attackers may exploit these weaknesses to gain unauthorized access or circumvent critical permission checks. In this paper, we propose NFTDELTA, a framework that leverages static...

LLM4C2Rust: Large Language Models for Automated Memory-Safe Code Transpilation

Memory safety has long been a critical challenge in software engineering, particularly for legacy systems written in memory-unsafe languages such as C and C++. Rust, one of the youngest modern programming languages, offers built-in memory-safety guarantees that make it a strong candidate for secu...

Half-Moon Cookie: Private, Similarity-Based Blocklisting with TOCTOU-Attack Resilience

Blocklisting is a common technique for preventing the use of known malicious content. However, conventional blocklisting infrastructures require either the blocklist to be public or clients to reveal their queries to the blocklist server. In this work, we introduce a private blocklisting framewor...

Powershell Profile Persistence

This Metasploit module establishes persistence by modifying a PowerShell profile script, which is automatically executed when PowerShell starts. The module supports multiple profile scopes current user or all users and safely backs up any existing profile prior to modification, enabling clean...

MCPThreatHive: Automated Threat Intelligence for Model Context Protocol Ecosystems

The rapid proliferation of Model Context Protocol MCP-based agentic systems has introduced a new category of security threats that existing frameworks are inadequately equipped to address. We present MCPThreatHive, an open-source platform that automates the end-to-end lifecycle of MCP threat...

AndroScanner: Automated Backend Vulnerability Detection for Android Applications

Mobile applications rely on complex backends that introduce significant security risks, yet developers often lack the tools to assess these risks effectively. This paper presents AndroScanner, an automated pipeline for detecting vulnerabilities in Android application backends through combined...

Understanding Student Experiences with TLS Client Authentication

Mutual TLS mTLS provides strong, certificate-based authentication for both clients and servers, yet its adoption for user-facing websites remains rare. This paper presents a longitudinal study of mTLS usability, tracking 46 senior and graduate computer science students who configured client...

Towards Personalizing Secure Programming Education with LLM-Injected Vulnerabilities

According to constructivist theory, students learn software security more effectively when examples are grounded in their own code. Generic examples often fail to connect with students' prior work, limiting engagement and understanding. Advances in LLMs are now making it possible to automatically...

RealVuln: Benchmarking Rule-Based, General-Purpose LLM, and Security-Specialized Scanners on Real-World Code

How do security scanners perform on real-world code? We present RealVuln, the first open-source benchmark comparing Rule-Based SAST, General-Purpose LLMs, and Security-Specialized scanners on 26 intentionally vulnerable Python repositories educational and Capture-The-Flag applications with 796...

Windows Persistence Bits Job

This Metasploit module establishes persistence through a BITS job that downloads and executes a payload. Background Intelligent Transfer Service BITS is a Windows service for transferring files in the background using idle network bandwidth. BITS jobs are persistent and will resume across reboots...

Robustness Analysis of Machine Learning Models for IoT Intrusion Detection under Data Poisoning Attacks

Ensuring the reliability of machine learning-based intrusion detection systems remains a critical challenge in Internet of Things IoT environments, particularly as data poisoning attacks increasingly threaten the integrity of model training pipelines. This study evaluates the susceptibility of fo...

V2E: Validating Smart Contract Vulnerabilities through Profit-Driven Exploit Generation and Execution

Smart contracts are a critical component of blockchain systems. Due to the large amount of digital assets carried by smart contracts, their security is of critical importance. Although numerous tools have been developed for detecting smart contract vulnerability, their effectiveness remains...

VeriCWEty: Embedding Enabled Line-Level CWE Detection in Verilog

Large Language Models LLMs have shown significant improvement in RTL code generation. Despite the advances, the generated code is often riddled with common vulnerabilities and weaknesses CWEs that can slip by untrained eyes. Attackers can often exploit these weaknesses to fulfill their nefarious...

Challenges and Future Directions in Agentic Reverse Engineering Systems

Agentic systems built on large language models LLMs are increasingly being used for complex security tasks, including binary reverse engineering RE. Despite recent growth in popularity and capability, these systems continue to face limitations in realistic settings. Cutting-edge systems still fai...

Tamper-Proofing with Self-Modifying Code

Classical computability theory tells us that self-modifying code SMC on a deterministic universal Turing machine can be simulated by non-SMC code on the same model. That abstraction, however, omits the external timing inputs, concurrency, and microarchitectural state that dominate practical...

LLM-Guided Prompt Evolution for Password Guessing

Passwords still remain a dominant authentication method, yet their security is routinely subverted by predictable user choices and large-scale credential leaks. Automated password guessing is a key tool for stress-testing password policies and modeling attacker behavior. This paper applies...

Evaluating Differential Privacy against Membership Inference in Federated Learning: Insights from the NIST Genomics Red Team Challenge

While Federated Learning FL mitigates direct data exposure, the resulting trained models remain susceptible to membership inference attacks MIAs. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of Differential Privacy DP as a defense mechanism against MIAs in FL, leveraging the environment of the 202...

Security and Resilience in Autonomous Vehicles: A Proactive Design Approach

Autonomous vehicles AVs promise efficient, clean and cost-effective transportation systems, but their reliance on sensors, wireless communications, and decision-making systems makes them vulnerable to cyberattacks and physical threats. This chapter presents novel design techniques to strengthen t...

Quantum-Safe IPsec in the Banking Industry

The emergence of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers CRQCs presents a critical threat to classical cryptographic systems, particularly widely adopted protocols such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman DH, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography ECC. Given their extensive use in the financial sector, the adve...

OpenSSL Toolkit 4.0.0

OpenSSL is a robust, fully featured Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security protocols with full-strength cryptography world-wide. This is the 4.0 release...

LogicEval: A Systematic Framework for Evaluating Automated Repair Techniques for Logical Vulnerabilities in Real-World Software

Logical vulnerabilities in software stem from flaws in program logic rather than memory safety, which can lead to critical security failures. Although existing automated program repair techniques primarily focus on repairing memory corruption vulnerabilities, they struggle with logical...

Proxmark3 4.21611 Custom Firmware

This is a custom firmware written for the Proxmark3 device. It extends the currently available firmware. This release is nicknamed "BREAKMEIFYOUCAN!"...

Honeypot Protocol

Trusted monitoring, the standard defense in AI control, is vulnerable to adaptive attacks, collusion, and strategic attack selection. All of these exploit the fact that monitoring is passive: it observes model behavior but never probes whether the model would behave differently under different...

Robust Semi-Supervised Temporal Intrusion Detection for Adversarial Cloud Networks

Cloud networks increasingly rely on machine learning based Network Intrusion Detection Systems to defend against evolving cyber threats. However, real-world deployments are challenged by limited labeled data, non-stationary traffic, and adaptive adversaries. While semi-supervised learning can...

Marimo Vulnerable Version Scanner

Marimo versions prior to 0.23.0 suffer from a remote code execution vulnerability. This tool scans the version to see if your installation is susceptible but does not provide any exploitation functionality...

Saleor Cross Site Scripting

Saleor was allowing users to modify rich text fields with HTML without running any backend HTML cleaners thus allowing malicious actors to perform persistent cross site scripting attacks on dashboards and storefronts. This issue has been patched in versions 3.22.27, 3.21.43, and 3.20.108...

Towards Automated Pentesting with Large Language Models

Large Language Models LLMs are redefining offensive cybersecurity by allowing the generation of harmful machine code with minimal human intervention. While attackers take advantage of dark LLMs such as XXXGPT and WolfGPT to produce malicious code, ethical hackers can follow similar approaches to...

WPProbe Plugin Enumeration Tool 0.11.8

A fast WordPress plugin and theme scanner that detects installed plugins via REST API enumeration and themes from HTML discovery, then maps them to known vulnerabilities. Over 5,000 plugins detectable without brute-force, thousands more with it...

SIR-Bench: Evaluating Investigation Depth in Security Incident Response Agents

We present SIR-Bench, a benchmark of 794 test cases for evaluating autonomous security incident response agents that distinguishes genuine forensic investigation from alert parroting. Derived from 129 anonymized incident patterns with expert-validated ground truth, SIR-Bench measures not only...

Wazuh 4.14.2 Code Execution / Insecure Deserialization

A critical vulnerability in Wazuh cluster mode allows an attacker with access to a worker node to send malicious serialized payloads that are processed by the master node, resulting in remote code execution with root privileges. Versions 4.0.0 through 4.14.2 are affected...

Security Implications of 5G Communication in Industrial Systems

Traditionally, industrial control systems ICS were designed without security in mind, prioritizing availability and real-time communication. As these systems increasingly become targets of powerful adversaries, security can no longer be neglected. Driven by flexibility and automation needs, ICS a...

DeepGuard Secure Code Generation

Large Language Models LLMs for code generation can replicate insecure patterns from their training data. To mitigate this, a common strategy for security hardening is to fine-tune models using supervision derived from the final transformer layer. However, this design may suffer from a final-layer...

A Synthetic Conversational Smishing Dataset for Social Engineering Detection

Smishing SMS phishing has become a serious cybersecurity threat, especially for elderly and cyber-unaware individuals, causing financial loss and undermining user trust. Although prior work has focused on detecting smishing at the level of individual messages, real-world attackers often rely on...

YARA-X 1.15.0

YARA-X is a re-incarnation of YARA, a pattern matching tool designed with malware researchers in mind. This new incarnation intends to be faster, safer and more user-friendly than its predecessor. The ultimate goal of YARA-X is replacing YARA as the default pattern matching tool for malware...

Byte-Level Generative Predictions for Forensics Multimedia Carving

Digital forensic investigations often face significant challenges when recovering fragmented multimedia files that lack file system metadata. While traditional file carving relies on signatures and discriminative deep learning models for fragment classification, these methods cannot reconstruct o...

Totara LMS 19.1.5 Brute Force

Totara LMS versions 19.1.5 suffer from bypass and missing rate limiting in the login flow and due to this, is easily affected by brute forcing attacks...

Short Message Service (SMS) Phishing Attacks and Defenses: A Systematic Review

SMS Phishing also known as 'smishing' is a growing deceptive social engineering SE attack that leverages mobile SMS to conduct cybercrimes such as stealing sensitive information or spreading malware by tricking users into interacting with attackers' messages e.g., responding to or clicking URLs...

RedShell: A Generative AI-Based Approach to Ethical Hacking

The application of Machine Learning techniques in code generation is now a common practice for most developers. Tools such as ChatGPT from OpenAI leverage the natural language processing capabilities of Large Language Models to generate machine code from natural language descriptions. In the...

Conflict-Aware Robust Design for Covert Wireless Communications

Covert wireless communication aims to establish a reliable link while hiding the transmission from an adversary. In wireless settings, uncertainty plays a central role in this tradeoff: it can help mask the signal from a warden, but it also complicates robust system design. This raises a basic...

Hardware-Efficient Compound IC Protection with Lightweight Cryptography

Over the years, many techniques have been introduced to protect integrated circuits ICs from hardware security threats that emerged in the globalized IC manufacturing supply chain, such as overproduction and piracy. However, most of these techniques have been rendered inefficient since they do no...

Faraday 5.20.0

Faraday is a tool that introduces a new concept called IPE, or Integrated Penetration-Test Environment. It is a multiuser penetration test IDE designed for distribution, indexation and analysis of the generated data during the process of a security audit. The main purpose of Faraday is to re-use...

Optimizing IoT Intrusion Detection with Tabular Foundation Models for Smart City Forensics

Security operations in smart cities demand detection systems that balance accuracy with response time. While ensemble methods like Random Forest achieve high accuracy, their computational overhead impedes real-time forensic triage. We present the first systematic evaluation of TabPFNv2.5, a...

TEMPLATEFUZZ: Fine-Grained Chat Template Fuzzing for Jailbreaking and Red Teaming LLMs

Large Language Models LLMs are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, yet their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, where adversarial inputs bypass safety mechanisms to elicit harmful outputs, poses significant security risks. While prior work has primarily focused on prompt injection...

Totara LMS 19.1.5 Missing Rate Limiting

Totara LMS versions 19.1.5 and below have a forgot password flow that's missing rate limiting...

Beyond RAG for Cyber Threat Intelligence: A Systematic Evaluation of Graph-Based and Agentic Retrieval

Cyber threat intelligence CTI analysts must answer complex questions over large collections of narrative security reports. Retrieval-augmented generation RAG systems help language models access external knowledge, but traditional vector retrieval often struggles with queries that require reasonin...