Adding Compilation Metadata to Binaries to Make Disassembly Decidable

The binary executable format is the standard method for distributing and executing software. Yet, it is also as opaque a representation of software as can be. If the binary format were augmented with metadata that provides security-relevant information, such as which data is intended by the...

Insights into Security-Related AI-Generated Pull Requests

Recent years have experienced growing contributions of AI coding agents that assist human developers in various software engineering tasks. However, this growing AI-assisted autonomy raises questions about security and trust. In this paper, we analyze more than 33,000 AI-generated pull requests P...

AgentSOC: A Multi-Layer Agentic AI Framework for Security Operations Automation

Security Operations Centers SOCs increasingly encounter difficulties in correlating heterogeneous alerts, interpreting multi-stage attack progressions, and selecting safe and effective response actions. This study introduces AgentSOC, a multi-layered agentic AI framework that enhances SOC...

AppleSEPKeyStore iOS macOS 26.1–26.2 Multi-Thread Race Condition Simulation Tool

This C/Objective-C program is a lightweight concurrency stress-testing tool designed to simulate and observe race conditions using atomic operations and multiple threads. It models a simplified shared-state system where concurrent readers and writers continuously interact with a shared variable...

I2P 2.12.0

I2P is an anonymizing network, offering a simple layer that identity-sensitive applications can use to securely communicate. All data is wrapped with several layers of encryption, and the network is both distributed and dynamic, with no trusted parties. This is the source code release version...

Understanding Password Preferences, Memorability, and Security through a Human-Centered Lens

Passwords remain the primary authentication method, yet user-created passwords are often the weakest due to the security-usability trade-off. Although AI-based password generators are emerging, little is known about their effectiveness and user perceptions. This eye-tracking study examined how...

Evaluating LLM-Generated Obfuscated XSS Payloads for Machine Learning-Based Detection

Cross-site scripting XSS remains a persistent web security vulnerability, especially because obfuscation can change the surface form of a malicious payload while preserving its behavior. These transformations make it difficult for traditional and machine learning-based detection systems to reliab...

Cyber Defense Benchmark: Agentic Threat Hunting Evaluation for LLMs in SecOps

We introduce the Cyber Defense Benchmark, a benchmark for measuring how well large language model LLM agents perform the core SOC analyst task of threat hunting: given a database of raw Windows event logs with no guided questions or hints, identify the exact timestamps of malicious events. The...

API Security Based on Automatic OpenAPI Mapping

This paper presents Map Reduce Graph MRG, a novel unsupervised method for modeling and securing HTTP REST APIs. MRG learns API structure from real-world traffic without prior knowledge or labels, automatically generating OpenAPI-compliant documentation by reconstructing routes, methods, and...

DNG File Fuzzer for Robustness

This Python script is a mutation-based fuzzing tool designed to test the robustness of DNG Digital Negative / TIFF-based file parsers by generating large numbers of corrupted or semi-valid image files. It works by starting from a minimal valid DNG structure, then applying random mutations to...

Do Privacy Policies Match with the Logs? an Empirical Study of Privacy Disclosure in Android Application Logs

Privacy policies are intended to inform users about how software systems collect and handle data, yet they often remain vague or incomplete. This paper presents an empirical study of patterns in log-related statements within privacy policies and their alignment with privacy disclosures observed i...

Nuclei 3.8.0

Nuclei is a modern, high-performance vulnerability scanner that leverages simple YAML-based templates. It empowers you to design custom vulnerability detection scenarios that mimic real-world conditions, leading to zero false positives...

Weaponizing the Commons: A Taxonomy and Detection Framework of Abuse on GitHub

GitHub plays a critical role in modern software supply chains, making its security an important research concern. Existing studies have primarily focused on CI/CD automation, collaboration patterns, and community management, while abuse behaviors on GitHub have received little systematic...

ARES: Adaptive Red-Teaming and End-To-End Repair of Policy-Reward System

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback RLHF is central to aligning Large Language Models LLMs, yet it introduces a critical vulnerability: an imperfect Reward Model RM can become a single point of failure when it fails to penalize unsafe behaviors. While existing red-teaming approaches...

BinDiff 8

BinDiff is an open-source comparison tool for binary files to quickly find differences and similarities in disassembled code...

Enhancing Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Systems with Process Mining

Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems IDSs ensure protection against malicious attacks on networked systems. While deep learning-based IDSs achieve effective performance, their limited trustworthiness due to black-box architectures remains a critical constraint. Despite existing explainable...

angr 9.2.211

angr is an open-source binary analysis platform for Python. It combines both static and dynamic symbolic "concolic" analysis, providing tools to solve a variety of tasks...

MetInfo CMS 8.1 XML Endpoint Behavior Analysis Tool

This script is a PHP-based analysis tool designed to interact with MetInfo CMS 8.1 endpoints through an XML-based interface. It uses cURL to send structured requests to a specific MetInfo module endpoint and evaluates the HTTP responses for basic fingerprinting indicators such as known keywords a...

TitanCA: Lessons from Orchestrating LLM Agents to Discover 100+ CVEs

Software vulnerabilities remain one of the most persistent threats to modern digital infrastructure. While static application security testing SAST tools have long served as the first line of defense, they suffer from high false-positive rates. This article presents TitanCA, a collaborative proje...

CodeQL 2.25.2

Discover vulnerabilities across a codebase with CodeQL, an industry-leading semantic code analysis engine. CodeQL lets you query code as though it were data. Write a query to find all variants of a vulnerability, eradicating it forever. Then share your query to help others do the same...

Owner-Harm: A Missing Threat Model for AI Agent Safety

Existing AI agent safety benchmarks focus on generic criminal harm cybercrime, harassment, weapon synthesis, leaving a systematic blind spot for a distinct and commercially consequential threat category: agents harming their own deployers. Real-world incidents illustrate the gap: Slack AI...

Zeek 8.0.7

Zeek is a powerful network analysis framework that is much different from the typical IDS you may know. While focusing on network security monitoring, Zeek provides a comprehensive platform for more general network traffic analysis as well. Well grounded in more than 15 years of research, Zeek ha...

RAVEN: Retrieval-Augmented Vulnerability Exploration Network for Memory Corruption Analysis in User Code and Binary Programs

Large Language Models LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various cybersecurity tasks, including vulnerability classification, detection, and patching. However, their potential in automated vulnerability report documentation and analysis remains underexplored. We present RAVEN...

Security Is Relative: Training-Free Vulnerability Detection Via Multi-Agent Behavioral Contract Synthesis

Deep learning for vulnerability detection has shown promising results on early benchmarks, but recent evaluations reveal catastrophic degradation: models achieving F1 0.68 on legacy datasets collapse to 0.031 under strict deduplication. We identify the root cause as the semantic ambiguity problem...

AppleSEPKeyStore Race Condition Emulator

Python script that emulates identify race conditions related to AppleSEPKeyStore. It is not an exploit. It simulates a shared object KernelObject, and uses threads to mimic concurrent access, premature free alive = False, and flags a UAF-like condition when accessing a logically freed object...

ExAI5G: A Logic-Based Explainable AI Framework for Intrusion Detection in 5G Networks

Intrusion detection systems IDSs for 5G networks must handle complex, high-volume traffic. Although opaque "black-box" models can achieve high accuracy, their lack of transparency hinders trust and effective operational response. We propose ExAI5G, a framework that prioritizes interpretability by...

Joern 4.0.524

Joern is the bug hunter's workbench. With this tool, you can uncover attack surface, sloppy coding practices, and variants of known vulnerabilities using an interactive code analysis shell. Joern supports C, C++, LLVM bitcode, x86 binaries via Ghidra, JVM bytecode via Soot, and Javascript...

Temporal UI State Inconsistency in Desktop GUI Agents: Formalizing and Defending against TOCTOU Attacks on Computer-Use Agents

GUI agents that control desktop computers via screenshot-and-click loops introduce a new class of vulnerability: the observation-to-action gap mean 6.51 s on real OSWorld workloads creates a Time-Of-Check, Time-Of-Use TOCTOU window during which an unprivileged attacker can manipulate the UI state...

Towards Optimal Agentic Architectures for Offensive Security Tasks

Agentic security systems increasingly audit live targets with tool-using LLMs, but prior systems fix a single coordination topology, leaving unclear when additional agents help and when they only add cost. We treat topology choice as an empirical systems question. We introduce a controlled...

AppleSEPKeyStore Stress Tester / Fuzzer

This code is not a fully functional exploit, but rather a concurrency stress test and race-condition trigger targeting the Apple Secure Enclave key management driver AppleSEPKeyStore...

A Novel Quantum Augmented Framework to Improve Microgrid Cybersecurity

Small modular nuclear reactors SMRs are redefining the energy generation landscape by enabling the deployment of modular, scalable, and pre-built power units that can be used to build distributed autonomous microgrids for critical infrastructure and burgeoning AI factories. Often, these microgrid...

Terminal Wrench: A Dataset of 331 Reward-Hackable Environments and 3,632 Exploit Trajectories

The authors of this paper release Terminal Wrench, a subset of 331 terminal-agent benchmark environments, copied from the popular open benchmarks that are demonstrably reward-hackable. The data set includes 3,632 hack trajectories and 2,352 legitimate baseline trajectories across three frontier...

SoK: Reshaping Research on Network Intrusion Detection Systems

Network Intrusion Detection Systems NIDS have been studied for decades. Hundreds of papers have, e.g., proposed ways to enhance, harden or bypass NIDS. However, the findings of prior literature are hardly reflected in real-world operational contexts. Such a disconnection is problematic for resear...

SDLLMFuzz: Dynamic-Static LLM-Assisted Greybox Fuzzing for Structured Input Programs

Fuzzing has become a widely adopted technique for vulnerability discovery, yet it remains ineffective for structured-input programs due to strict syntactic constraints and limited semantic awareness. Traditional greybox fuzzers rely on mutation-based strategies and coarse-grained coverage feedbac...

Bit-Flip Vulnerability of Shared KV-Cache Blocks in LLM Serving Systems

Rowhammer on GPU DRAM has enabled adversarial bit flips in model weights; shared KV-cache blocks in LLM serving systems present an analogous but previously unexamined target. In vLLM's Prefix Caching, these blocks exist as a single physical copy without integrity protection. Using software fault...

What Security and Privacy Transparency Users Need from Consumer-Facing Generative AI

Users increasingly rely on consumer-facing generative AI GenAI for tasks ranging from everyday needs to sensitive use cases. Yet, it remains unclear whether and how existing security and privacy S&P communications in GenAI tools shape users' adoption decisions and subsequent experiences...

Explainable Attention-Based LSTM Framework for Early Detection of AI-Assisted Ransomware Via File System Behavioral Analysis

Ransomware continues to evolve as one of the most disruptive cyber threats, with recent variants increasingly leveraging automated and AI-assisted techniques to evade traditional signature-based defenses. Early detection of such attacks remains a significant challenge, particularly when malicious...

Original Sin of Npm: A Study on Vulnerability Propagation in JavaScript Dependency Networks

Understanding vulnerability propagation is essential for assessing how vulnerabilities spread across components of a software package. This supports more accurate impact analysis and enhances threat detection and mitigation. In this paper, we investigate how a small number of vulnerable JavaScrip...

GuardPhish: Securing Open-Source LLMs from Phishing Abuse

The rapid adoption of open-source Large Language Models LLMs in offline and enterprise environments has introduced a largely unexamined security risk like susceptibility to adversarial phishing prompts under static safety configurations. In this work, we systematically investigate this...

Enclawed: A Configurable, Sector-Neutral Hardening Framework for Single-User AI Assistant Gateways

We present enclawed, a hard-fork hardening framework built on top of the OpenClaw single-user personal artificial intelligence AI assistant gateway. enclawed targets deployments that need attestable peer trust, deny-by-default external connectivity, signed-module loading, and a tamper-evident aud...

HarmChip: Evaluating Hardware Security Centric LLM Safety Via Jailbreak Benchmarking

The integration of large language models LLMs into electronic design automation EDA workflows has introduced powerful capabilities for RTL generation, verification, and design optimization, but also raises critical security concerns. Malicious LLM outputs in this domain pose hardware-level threat...

False Security Confidence in Benign LLM Code Generation

Prior work has demonstrated that functionally correct yet vulnerable outputs arise systematically in threat-oriented settings, where adversarial or implicit channels are used to induce security failures in code agents and automated patching workflows. This note introduces a complementary but...

Global Web, Local Privacy? an International Review of Web Tracking

Web tracking by ad networks, social networks, and other third parties is privacy-invasive. To protect users' privacy an increasing number of countries are adopting new privacy laws. However, a major reason why their application on the web is so challenging is that privacy laws are local while the...

QUACK! Making the (Rubber) Ducky Talk: A Systematic Study of Keystroke Dynamics for HID Injection Detection

Modern computing systems inherently trust human input devices, creating an exploitable attack surface for adversarial automation. USB Human Interface Device HID emulation attacks, such as those enabled by the USB Rubber Ducky, exploit this assumption to inject arbitrary keystroke sequences while...

GLPI 10.0.18 Log Exposure Probe Script Directory Leak Detection

This Python script is designed to assess a GLPI application for potential information disclosure vulnerabilities, specifically focusing on exposed log files and sensitive directories...

A Practical Semi-Quantum Signature Protocol with Improved Eavesdropping Detection

Semi-quantum signature SQS schemes aim to enable quantum signature functionality in scenarios where only a subset of participants possess full quantum capabilities, thereby improving practical deployability while preserving quantum security advantages. Within this framework, we present a practica...

Dahua Security Assessment Tool - Authentication, Scan, and Exposure Testing Script

This Python script is a security assessment tool designed to evaluate the exposure and potential vulnerabilities of Dahua-based devices commonly IP cameras and NVR systems. It combines multiple testing modules into one CLI utility...

Privacy-Aware Machine Unlearning with SISA for Reinforcement Learning-Based Ransomware Detection

Ransomware detection systems increasingly rely on behavior-based machine learning to address evolving attack strategies. However, emerging privacy compliance, data governance, and responsible AI deployment demand not only accurate detection but also the ability to efficiently remove the influence...

Surgical Repair of Insecure Code Generation in LLMs

Large language models write production code, and yet they routinely introduce well-known vulnerabilities. We show that this is not a knowledge deficit: the same models that generate insecure code, correctly identify and explain the vulnerability when asked directly, this is a gap we call the...

Eclipse Che Machine-Exec WebSocket Service Exposure Detector

This Python script is a lightweight security detection tool designed to identify potentially exposed or misconfigured machine-exec WebSocket services associated with Eclipse Che running on port 3333...