Usage of deprecated Chainlink functions

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The Chainlink functions latestAnswer and getAnswer are deprecated. Instead, use the latestRoundData and getRoundData functions. Proof of Concept Go to and search for latestAnswer or getAnswer. You'll find the deprecation notice. Tools Used none Recommend...

Incorrect implementation of Lender can result in lost tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact MapleLoanInternals.sendFee should check returnData.length == 32 before decoding, otherwise if it returns bytes data, the abi.decode will return 0x20, result in lost tokens. Proof of Concept This contract can test that when the function returns bytes data...

Strategy Migration May Leave Tokens in the Old Strategy Impacting Share Calculations

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If a strategy does not have sufficient funds to withdraw for the full amount then it is possible that tokens will be left in this yield contract during migrate. It is common for withdrawal from a strategy to withdraw less than a user's balance. The reaso...

Fee-on-transfer/deflationary tokens cause problems

Lines of code Vulnerability details Some ERC20 tokens, such as USDT, allow for charging a fee any time transfer or transferFrom is called. If a contract does not allow for amounts to change after transfers, subsequent transfer operations based on the original amount will revert due to the contrac...

Underflown variable in borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function does never properly call ETH.transfer due to underflow. If borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function is not deprecated, it would cause unexpected behaviors for users. Proof of Concept Here are codes which contain a...

LockedBalance library should drop parameters to 96/32 bits

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The LockedBalance contract takes 256-bit amount values but performs bit math on them as if they were 96 bit values. Bits could spill over to a different locked balance in the else part lockedBalance stores two 128-bit locked balances in one 256-bit stora...

constructor function used with upgradeable contracts

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In FETH.sol it uses Open Zeppelin upgradeable contracts in the file while also including a constructor function. Upgradeable contracts should have an initialize function instead of a constructor in order not the clash with one another. Proof of Concept...

[WP-M6] Chainlink's latestRoundData might return stale results

Lines of code Vulnerability details function getUnderlyingPriceaddress underlying virtual external view returnsint256 answer if stablePriceunderlying != 0 return stablePriceunderlying; ,answer,,, = AggregatorV3InterfacechainLinkAggregatorMapunderlying.latestRoundData; answer /= 100; uint80 round,...

liquidation is vulnerable to sandwich attacks

Lines of code Vulnerability details when an account is liquidated, there is no minimum amount of the swap, which makes it vulnerable for sandwich attacks. Proof of Concept Alice's long position can be liquidated, bob notices it and creates a short position, then liquidates her position, thus...

[WP-H7] InsuranceFund#syncDeps() may cause users' fund loss

Lines of code Vulnerability details function syncDepsIRegistry registry public onlyGovernance vusd = IERC20registry.vusd; marginAccount = registry.marginAccount; The Governance address can call InsuranceFund.solsyncDeps to change the contract address of vusd anytime. However, since the tx to set ...

Attacker can DOS VUSD withdrawal by spamming withdrawals of zero tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact By spamming withdrawal requests of 0, the user can clog the withdrawal queue. For anybody to withdraw their funds somebody has to first unclog it by running processWithdrawal. Depending on the number of spam withdrawals, potentially multiple times. Since...

Chainlink latestRoundData validation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Oracle returns Chainlink latestRoundData without proper validation, e.g.: function getUnderlyingPriceaddress underlying ... ,answer,,, = AggregatorV3InterfacechainLinkAggregatorMapunderlying.latestRoundData; answer /= 100; And other functions that call...

Functions getLatestRoundData and getRoundData do not check that the price returned from a chainlink aggregator is != 0 (Oracle.sol)

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The getLatestRoundData function in the contract Oracle.sol fetches the latestPrice directly from a Chainlink aggregator using the latestRoundData function. While latestPrice is checked for 0 and staleness, there is no check if the value is != 0. This cou...

NestedFactory: User can utilise accidentally sent ETH funds via processOutputOrders() / processInputAndOutputOrders()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Should a user accidentally send ETH to the NestedFactory, anyone can utilise it to their own benefit by calling processOutputOrders / processInputAndOutputOrders. This is possible because: 1. receive has no restriction on the sender 2. processOutputOrder...

Reentrancy

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Potential Reentrancy Proof of Concept Reentrancy in ConcurRewardPool.claimRewardsaddress contracts/ConcurRewardPool.sol34-40: External calls: - IERC20tokensi.safeTransfermsg.sender,getting contracts/ConcurRewardPool.sol37 State variables written after th...

Duplicate tokens can be added which might cause DOS

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Duplicate tokens can be added which could exceed maxHoldingsCount and thus rejecting all functions in Factory Proof of Concept 1. Observe the store function in NestedRecords.solL111 function store uint256 nftId, address token, uint256 amount, address...

Users’ staking rewards can get redeemed by other users

Lines of code Vulnerability details Can be medium or high: When a user deposits through ConvexStakingWrapper, the contract calls the MasterChef's deposit function and deposits to it with recipient = msg.sender, but the MasterChef actually updates the deposited amount of the ConvexStakingWrapper...

Reentrancy in ConcurRewardPool::claimRewards

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Any address that has nonzero reward for a token tokensi is able to drain all contact token funds if the transfer function is reentrant for example, ERC777 token. As tokensi is an arbitrarily implemented, a reentrant transfer function can be assumed to be...

UniV2ClassDex.sol#uniClassSell() Tokens with fee on transfer are not fully supported

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details function uniClassSellDexInfo memory dexInfo, address buyToken, address sellToken, uint sellAmount, uint minBuyAmount, address payer, address payee internal returns uint buyAmount address pair = getUniClassPairbuyToken, sellToken, dexInfo.factory;...

Bypass Vote Flipping Time Addition

Handle kirk-baird Vulnerability details Impact It is possible to bypass the additional 2hrs added to the length of voting when the vote flips from positive to negative or vice versa. This can be done by breaking the vote into two steps first sending enough fate to make the proposal zero. Then...

MINTING to collateralVault could inflating totalsupply, without giving the balance to anyone

Handle Tomio Vulnerability details Impact First of all, this is an address zero issue, however, this could lead to an imbalance between total supply circulating and the actual balance that was assigned to another user, in the...

OpenLevV1Lib's and LPool's doTransferOut functions call native payable.transfer, which can be unusable for smart contract calls

Handle hyh Vulnerability details Impact When OpenLev operations use a wrapped native token, the whole user withdraw is being handled with a payable.transfer call. This is unsafe as transfer has hard coded gas budget and can fail when the user is a smart contract. This way any programmatical usage...

Use of deprecated Chainlink API

Handle 0x1f8b Vulnerability details Impact Deprecated API stops working. Prices cannot be obtained. Protocol stops and contracts have to be redeployed. Proof of Concept The contracts use Chainlink’s deprecated API latestAnswer. Such functions might suddenly stop working if Chainlink stopped...

setSherlockCoreAddress can be frontruned.

Handle wuwe1 Vulnerability details Proof of Concept SherDistributionManager.sol and AaveV2Strategy.sol are affected by this. For sdm, attacker can monitor mempool and frontrun the setSherlockCoreAddress . By setting the sherlockCore as a address controlled by attacker. Attacker can call pullRewar...

Incorrect erc20 interface

Handle 0v3rf10w Vulnerability details Impact Incorrect erc20 implementation can lead to failure when interacting with contarcts Proof of Concept IBridgeMinterToken contracts/token/BridgeMinter.sol5-13 has incorrect ERC20 function interface:IBridgeMinterToken.transferaddress,uint256...

[WP-H2] NonUSTStrategy.sol Improper handling of swap fees allows attacker to steal funds from other users

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details NonUSTStrategy will swap the deposited non-UST assets into UST before depositing to EthAnchor. However, the swap fee is not attributed to the depositor correctly like many other yield farming vaults involving swaps ZapIn. An attacker can exploit it for the sw...

Both _mint and _safeMint are used to mint NFTs

Handle palina Vulnerability details Impact Both mint and safeMint functions are used to mint ERC721 NFTs in Claimers and Depositors, respectively. The usage of the mint is, however, discouraged by the used ERC721 implementation see PoC section, in favor of its safe counterpart. Proof of Concept...

MsNik

Handle AmitN Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. Proof of Concept Provide direct links to all referenced code in GitHub. Add screenshots, logs, or any other relevant proof that illustrates the concept. Tools Used Recommended Mitigation Steps --- The te...

TimeswapPair.sol#borrow() Attacker can increase pool.state.y to an arbitrary target value

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details TimeswapPair.solborrow takes a user input value of yIncrease, and the BorrowMath.check at L316 only checks for a minimal yIncrease, which means that it allows the state of pool.state.y to increase by the value of the user's input as long as it's larger than...

Unbounded loop on array can lead to DoS

Handle robee Vulnerability details The attacker can push unlimitedly to an array, that some function loop over this array. If increasing the array size enough, calling the function that does a loop over the array will always revert since there is a gas limit. This is an High Risk issue since thos...

Reentrancy allows attacker to lock the funds deposited in the contract

Handle tqts Vulnerability details Impact It is possible for attackers to exploit a reentrancy issue in lockuint256,uint256,address that would allow them to lock all funds deposited prior to the attack. Proof of Concept The problem lies in the lockuint256,uint256,address function, that transfers t...

Anyone can steal XDEFI from the XDEFIDistribution contract and make the contract insolvent

Handle onewayfunction Vulnerability details Impact Anyone can steal XDEFI from the XDEFIDistribution contract, thereby making the contract insolvent. In the process, they also make the updateDistribution function uncallable -- and thus make the value of pointsPerUnit unchangeable. This comes with...

XSS in uri token

Handle 0x1f8b Vulnerability details Impact It could be produced an XSS. Proof of Concept The method tokenURI could be used with an arbitrary IPair, if this pair is composed with a specific symbol, it could be produced an uri with XSS inside the SVG file, it will produce an stored XSS. Reference:...

100

Handle 0v3rf10w Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. Proof of Concept Provide direct links to all referenced code in GitHub. Add screenshots, logs, or any other relevant proof that illustrates the concept. Tools Used Recommended Mitigation Steps --- The...

borrow() function has state updates after a callback to msg.sender

Handle jayjonah8 Vulnerability details Impact In TimeswapPair.sol, the borrow function has a callback to the msg.sender in the middle of the function while there are still updates to state that take place after the callback. The lock modifier guards against reentrancy but not against cross functi...

USDV TWAP averages wrong

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The vader price in LiquidityBasedTWAP.getUSDVPrice is computed using the pastLiquidityWeights and pastTotalLiquidityWeight return values of the syncUSDVPrice. The syncUSDVPrice function does not initialize all weights and the total liquidity weight does not...

totalLiquidityWeight Is Updated When Adding New Token Pairs Which Skews Price Data For getVaderPrice and getUSDVPrice

Handle leastwood Vulnerability details Impact The addVaderPair function is called by the onlyOwner role. The relevant data in the twapData mapping is set by querying the respective liquidity pool and Chainlink oracle. totalLiquidityWeight for the VADER path is also incremented by the...

mintSynth can be frontrun to steal money

Handle danb Vulnerability details nativeAsset.safeTransferFromfrom, addressthis, nativeDeposit; mintSynth has a from parameter, this is where they take the money for the transaction. If an address has allowance for the contract, anyone can use it and take it using mintSynth. Impact If a user sets...

SafeERC20 Is Not Used On Token Transfers

Handle leastwood Vulnerability details Impact The transfer function is used on WETH and vault token transfers over OpenZeppelin's SafeERC20 library. As a result, these function may return unintended results which are not handled correctly. The SafeERC20 library ensures transfer and transferFrom...

SingleTokenJoinV2 doesn't take input deadline to consideration

Handle kenzo Vulnerability details SingleNativeTokenExitV2 takes as input from the user a deadline for the trades. However, it does not use this input for the actual trade but sets the deadline to be block.timestamp. Impact Trades will not work as expected. User might set a deadline for the trade...

No slippage tolerance checks during swap functions opens up flashloan attacks and price manipulation

Handle jayjonah8 Vulnerability details Impact With functions like joinTokenSingle in SingleTokenJoin.sol that handle swapping with uniswapV2 like exchanges there are no slippage tolerance checks in place to prevent flashloan attacks and price manipulation. Proof of Concept Tools Used Manual code...

Auction.sol#settleAuction() Bonder may not be able to settle a bonded auction, leading to loss of funds

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details uint256 a = factory.auctionMultiplier basket.ibRatio; uint256 b = bondBlock - auctionStart BASE / factory.auctionDecrement; uint256 newRatio = a - b; address memory pendingTokens, uint256 memory pendingWeights, uint256 minIbRatio = basket.getPendingWeights;...

UniswapV3's path issue for swapExactOutput

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details UniswapV3 expects a path object like tokenA, feeAB, tokenB, feeBC, tokenC. The UniV3Trader.swapExactOutput code tries to reverse this path to get to tokenC, feeBC, tokenB, feeAB, tokenA but that's not what the reverseBytes function does. Note that it reverts t...

IsContract Function Usage

Handle defsec Vulnerability details Impact the isContract function that uses EXTCODESIZE was discovered to be hackable. The function will return false if it is invoked from a contract's constructor because the contract has not been deployed yet. The code should be used very carefully, if at all, ...

unstreamed variable is not updated in withdraw function

Handle csanuragjain Vulnerability details Impact Contract variable unstreamed is not updated in withdraw function which can lead to unstability Proof of Concept 1. Observe the stake function of Stream contract function stakeuint112 amount public lock updateStreammsg.sender ... unstreamed +=...

LockeERC20 is vulnerable to frontrun attack

Handle egjlmn1 Vulnerability details Impact a user can steal another user's tokens if he frontrun before he changes the allowance. The approve function receives an amount to change to. Lets say user A approved user B to take N tokens, and now he wants to change from N to M, if he calls approveM t...

stabilize() is vulnerable to flashloan sandwich attack

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details When the price of Malt is off the lowerThreshold and upperThreshold, StabilizerNode.sol will market buy/sell Malt. However, since the market sell can be triggered by anyone, and there is no slippage control, it makes it vulnerable to flashloan sandwich attack...

Permissions - return values not checked when sending ETH

Handle ScopeLift Vulnerability details Impact On lines 85 and 101, ETH is transferred using a .call to an address provided as an input, but there is no verification that the call call succeeded. This can result in a call to emergencyWithdrawGAS or partialWithdrawGAS appearing successful but in...

MEV miner can mint larger than expected UDT total supply

Handle elprofesor Vulnerability details Impact UnlockProtocol attempts to calculate gas reimbursement using tx.gasprice, typically users who falsify tx.gasprice would lose gas to miners and therefore not obtain any advantage over the protocol itself. This does present capabilities for miners to...

Transmuter yield can be gamed by only staking when yield is distributed

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The Transmuter.distribute function distributes the yield to the buffer which is then distributed to all stakers over a TRANSMUTATIONPERIOD, see runPhasedDistribution and updateAccount. If the elapsed time from the last phase distribution is greater than the...