untyped data signing

Lines of code Vulnerability details in function deployHolographableContract the bytes32 hash is directly encoded without adding any domain separator . this will cause several issues an attacker can front run the signature and use them on same contract on another chain . eg a user wants to call...

MED - Incorrect implementation of ERC721 may have bad consequences for receiver

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description HolographERC721.sol is an enforcer contract that fully implements ERC721. In its safeTransferFromFunction there is the following code: if isContractto require ERC165to.supportsInterfaceERC165.supportsInterface.selector &&...

Upgraded Q -> M from 964 [1666360503408]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 964 as Medium risk. The relevant finding follows: Non-critical: EIP712 signatures on GolomTrader could be replayed in case of blockchain forks The chainId is burnt into EIP712DOMAINTYPEHASH rather than checked each time. This means that signatures could be...

Upgraded Q -> M from 400 [1666366553858]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 400 as Medium risk. The relevant finding follows: Use safeTransferFrom instead of transferFrom transferFrom can be replaced with safeTransferFrom as it makes sure that the receiver can handle ERC721 tokens and prevents it from being stuck in the contracts Refer...

Upgraded Q -> M from 221 [1665738683985]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 221 as Medium risk. The relevant finding follows: L‑01 Don't use payable.transfer/payable.send The use of payable.transfer is heavily frowned upon because it can lead to the locking of funds. The transfer call requires that the recipient is either an EOA accoun...

No withdraw mechanism for eth sent to GraphProxy contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The GraphProxy contract implements receive and fallback functions to receive funds. However, there is no method associated with a user to withdraw his funds which might be sent accidentally to the proxy contract, thus leading to most of the eth locked in...

blockRange should have a minimal value

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The blockRange doesn't have any minimal value so owner can call the setBlockRange function to change the blockRange value to a lower value which will automaticaly block the matching of some of the orders that have expirationTime == 0. Proof of Concept Th...

_executeTokenTransfer() can silently fail for malicious ERC721 implementations.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact execute calls executeTokenTransfer to perform the NFT transfer from seller to buyer. The function assumes correct safeTransferFrom functionality and does not check balances. In case of malicious - or poorly designed pausable ERC721 implementations, this...

ERC20 return values not checked

Lines of code Vulnerability details Vulnerability details Some tokens like USDT don't correctly implement the EIP20 standard and their transfer/transferFrom function return void instead of a success boolean. Calling these functions with the correct EIP20 function signatures will always revert...

Use safeTransferFrom instead of transferFrom for ERC721 transfers

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Any NFTs can be transferred here, there are a few NFTs here’s an example that have logic in the onERC721Received function, which is only triggered in the safeTransferFrom function and not in transferFrom. Tools Used Solidity Visual Developer of VSCode...

Upgraded Q -> M from 238 [1664280434191]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 238 as Medium risk. The relevant finding follows: 5. Wrong comparison result when the length is longer than 32 File: contracts\dnssec-oracle\BytesUtils.sol 44: function comparebytes memory self, uint offset, uint len, bytes memory other, uint otheroffset, uint...

IERC20.transfer doesn't support all ERC20 tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact IERC20.transfer doesn't support all ERC20 tokens in the function recoverERC20. Proof of Concept In the contract frxETHMinter, the function recoverERC20 is used to recover ERC20 tokens, if someone accidentally sent some of them in the contract. However...

[M3] It is impossible to recover stucked non complying ERC-20 tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Contract frxETHMinter is unable to recover tokens like USDT PoC Tokens that return void on transfer, that is, those who do not follow ERC20 standard will revert when you try to assign the output to a boolean variable. This is the case in you function...

Use safetransfer/safetransferFrom instead of transfer/transferFrom in ERC20

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Its a good to checks the return value of token transfer using safetransfer or safetransferFrom on Openzeppelin to ensure the token revert when transfer failure. Failure to do so will cause silent failures of transfer and affect token accountng in contrac...

Overflow in _baseVestedAmount() prevents claims to be retrieved

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Rewards of high value will be unable to be withdrawn since claimableAmount will revert. Proof of Concept In line 176, if we assume there's a claim of a token with 18 decimals and a vesting of 1 year, which is a realistic vesting period that can be observ...

Unsafe ERC721 operations

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact It is recommended to use safeTransfer and safeTransferFrom when transferring ERC721 and ERC20 token Tools Used Manual audit Recommended Mitigation Steps Use the safeTransfer and safeTransferFrom functions to transfer ERC721 and ERC20 tokens --- The text...

Hash result truncation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description There is function hashFixedGovernanceOpts in Crowdfund contract and function getDistributionHash in TokenDistributor contract. The first one truncates the hash result to 16 bytes, the second to 15 bytes. Impact It is possible to find a collision for...

Attacker can DOS private party by donating ETH then calling buy

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Party is DOS'd and may potentially lose access to NFT Proof of Concept Crowdfund.solL280-L298 party = party = partyFactory .createParty addressthis, Party.PartyOptions name: name, symbol: symbol, governance: PartyGovernance.GovernanceOpts hosts:...

There is no time lock mechanism in RariMerkleRedeemer and constructor of RariMerkleRedeemer contract don't check for maximum value for cTokenExchangeRates, if high value have been set by mistake then attacker can withdraw most of baseToken balance of contract immediately

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Exchange rates are used to calculate baseToken amounts that are going to be transferred to the user, if exchange rates are set as a very high number by mistake, an attacker can withdraw baseToken balance of the contract. there should be some checks in th...

redeem() doesn't support inflationary or deflationary erc20 tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A transfer-on-fee token or a deflationary/rebasing token, causes the received amount to be less than the accounted amount. For instance, a deflationary tokens might charge a certain fee for every transfer or transferFrom. TribeRedeemer.sol supports the u...

Unending and Eventually Futile TRIBE Redemption

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact TRIBE holders can redeem for pro rata share of remaining DAO controlled assets according to TIP-121 proposal. In the light of this, users would rush into redeeming their TRIBE before the balances of each tokensReceived held on this contract run out...

Add to Blacklist function

Lines of code Vulnerability details L-2. Add to Blacklist function Description: Cryptocurrency mixing service, Tornado Cash, has been blacklisted in the OFAC. A lot of blockchain companies, token projects, NFT Projects have blacklisted all Ethereum addresses owned by Tornado Cash listed in the US...

transferFrom() failure in _safeTransferFrom() could drain the pair

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact For some tokens, tokenCon.transferFrom could fail and return false but not revert. Some malicious user can abuse it the addLiquidity/addLiquidityCANTO function to perform failure transferFrom but still get the liquidity, and later remove liquidity to dra...

Non-standard/Malicious token transfers may cause loans not to be paid.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Non-standard token transfers may cause loans not to be paid. Proof of Concept The TRSRY.sol has repayLoan function for the users to repay their loan as per the ERC20 token. The function is as below; function repayLoanERC20 token, uint256 amount external...

Invalid payout is accepted

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In callback function, getMarketInfoForPurchase also returns maxPayout as last argument. This is not compared against outputAmount which means if market asks for higher outputAmount then the contract will simply pay Similar instance Also check the...

Div by 0 can block functions such as updateMovingAverage

Lines of code Vulnerability details Prevent div by 0 Impact On several locations in the code precautions are taken not to divide by 0, because this will revert the code. However on some locations this isn’t done. All this reverts can be caused by state variables assigned to 0 or with length 0, th...

The _movingAverage always have the same value as _movingAverage + (currentPrice / numObs)

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact On updateMovingAverage the calculate new moving average is always movingAverage == movingAverage + currentPrice / numObs Proof of Concept 1- keeper invoke beat on Heart.sol 2- this PRICE.updateMovingAverage; to updating the moving average on the Price...

ERC20 return value not checked and not compatible with tokens like USDT, OMG, etc

Lines of code Vulnerability details ERC20 return value not checked and not compatible with tokens like USDT, OMG, etc Detail The ERC20.transfer and ERC20.transferFrom functions return a boolean value indicating success. This parameter needs to be checked for success. Furthermore, some tokens like...

In Governance.sol, it might be impossible to activate a new proposal forever after failed to execute the previous active proposal.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Currently, if users vote for the active proposal, the VOTES are transferred to the contract so that users can't vote or endorse other proposals while the voted proposal is active. And the active proposal can be replaced only when the proposal is executed...

Proposal functions are lacking access control for Governance.sol

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact For the Governance.sol contract, the functions activateProposal and executeProposal can be called by anyone. Proof of Concept An malicious user could monitor the protocal DAO and activate or execute a proposal in a time not intended by the proposal...

Checked range.low.market and range.high.market can be deliver wrong return

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Deactived checked can be deliver wrong return Proof of Concept When auctioneer was live, so range.low.market and range.high.market was checked is back above the cushion and if the price is below the wall the only way was used && since if the case was the...

TRSRY.sol is susceptible to ERC20 approve functionality front-running exploit

Lines of code Vulnerability details Proof of concept The problem is perfectly described here The tldr; is that if you approved a person to spend 100 tokens and then you want to decrease his allowance to 50, if he spends his 100 tokens allowance before you set his allowance to 50 he will be able t...

Upgraded Q -> M from 69 [1661781432655]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 69 as Medium risk. The relevant finding follows: --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

Dynamic quorum votes parameters for a proposal (Proposal A) are changed according to another proposal (Proposal B) that proposes to update dynamic quorum votes parameters when Proposal B is executed after Proposal A is created in the same block

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The following writeQuorumParamsCheckpoint function is used to record dynamic quorum votes parameters at a block of interest. function writeQuorumParamsCheckpointDynamicQuorumParams memory params internal uint32 blockNumber = safe32block.number, 'block...

Interest rate can be gamed

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A lender may borrow to increase interest rate, and as such game the bank. Proof of Concept Suppose a lender borrows half of the amount he has lent. If by doing so he increases the utilization such that the interest rate more than doubles which may be...

Possible frontrunning attack in Vault.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact First depositor will have the control of the vault and drain user funds. Proof of Concept The project uses VaultAccount.sol library for math implementations. To determine the number of shares to mint to a depositor, shares = amount total.shares /...

Deployment of pairs with no oracles

Lines of code Vulnerability details The constructor allows both oracle options oracleMultiply and oracleDivide to be set to zero. A pair could be deployed with no oracle maliciously or unintentionally. Impact Borrowers would not be impacted by fluctuations in values of collateral or assets and...

Use of transfer() instead of call() to send eth

Lines of code Vulnerability details Use of transfer instead of call to send eth Impact OZSafeERC20.safeTransfer relies on transfer at the end, but with a check of the returning value. Same happens with OZSafeERC20.safeTransferFrom and transferFrom. However, the use of transfer might render ETH...

Users will never receive their borrow amount after tx the collateral

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact You are not able to receive any borrowed amount after adding addCollateral Proof of Concept By invoking addCollateral you will transfer an amount of collateralAmount to the Pair But you will receive any borrowed amount Recommended Mitigation Steps Invoke...

LinearInterestRate mode has the risk of drastic fluctuation of interestRate by flash borrow attack, make borrower pay more interest

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In LinearInterestRate mode, the minInterest can be as low as MININT=0, and the maxInterest can be as high as MAXINT=146248508681. In getNewRate function, the newRate is determined by utilization. If utilization=1e5, the interestRate can be MAXINT. There...

repayAsset() but you will not receive your Collateral

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The user will just pay down the debt Proof of Concept By invoking repayAsset you will just pay the Asset Token, on the other hand, he does not send any amount of my Collateral Recommended Mitigation Steps Add a function to send the Collateral after...

Use of arbitrary ERC20 tokens could result misaccounting of funds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Vulnerability details If the token is set to a deflationary/fee-on-transfer token then its actual transfer amounts will not be accurately reflected in the protocol accounting given the lack of pre-transfer and post-transfer checks on asset transfers. Impact Som...

VotingEscrow: Unsupported fee-on-transfer tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In the VotingEscrow contract, if the token is a fee-on-transfer token, the number of tokens received by the contract in the createLock and increaseAmount functions will be less than value. This makes the locked balance recorded by the contract incorrect,...

[H3] Persisted msg.value in a loop of delegate calls can be used to drain ETH from your proxy

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact msg.value in a loop can be used to drain proxy funds PoC While BoringBatchable is out of the scope, this bug affects seriously MIMOProxy as it inherits. Some time ago I read a report about an auditor called samczsung . I believe that you are having the...

Registry.sol works bad - it fails to delivere expected functionality

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The description of Registry.sol is following: /// Deploys new proxies via the factory and keeps a registry of owners to proxies. Owners can only /// have one proxy at a time. But it is not. There are multiple problems: 1. Proxy owner can change and will...

Malicious targets can manipulate MIMOProxy permissions

Lines of code Vulnerability details The MIMOProxy contract stores per-caller, per-target, per-selector permissions in a nested internal mapping. MIMOProxy.solL21: /// INTERNAL STORAGE /// /// @notice Maps envoys to target contracts to function selectors to boolean flags. mappingaddress =...

Unchecked Call Return Value

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The return value of a message call is not checked. Execution will resume even if the called contract throws an exception. If the call fails accidentally or an attacker forces the call to fail, this may cause unexpected behaviour in the subsequent program...

Attacker can use the same param to call Community.escrow() multiple times and reduce all the debt

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In Community contract, function escrow is used to reduce debt when lender comed in terms with the builder and agent to reduce debt. It checks that all lender, builder and agent are signed the data. But the issue is there is no nonce value in data which...

block.timestamp used as time proxy

Lines of code Vulnerability details block.timestamp used as time proxy Summary: Risk of using block.timestamp for time should be considered. Details: block.timestamp is not an ideal proxy for time because of issues with synchronization, miner manipulation and changing block times. This can be...

Project.raiseDispute() might work with the already completed task.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Project.raiseDispute might work with the already completed task. Already completed tasks can't be changed in any cases and it might bring some unexpected outcome when the dispute is approved by fault. Proof of Concept It's impossible to change anything...