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(CVE-2022-0798)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Installer in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to perform local privilege escalation via a crafted offline installer file.\n (CVE-2022-0799)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in Cast UI in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0800)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Full screen mode in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to hide the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0802, CVE-2022-0804)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Permissions in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to tamper with the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. 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(CVE-2022-0808)\n\n - Out of bounds memory access in WebXR in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0809)\n\n - Use after free in Blink Layout in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-0971)\n\n - Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-0972)\n\n - Use after free in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0973)\n\n - Use after free in Splitscreen in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0974)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0975, CVE-2022-0978)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0976)\n\n - Use after free in Browser UI in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0977)\n\n - Use after free in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0979)\n\n - Use after free in New Tab Page in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-0980)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1096)\n\n - Use after free in Portals in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via user interaction.\n (CVE-2022-1125)\n\n - Use after free in QR Code Generator in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via user interaction. 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(CVE-2022-1131)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Virtual Keyboard in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a local attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via physical access to the device.\n (CVE-2022-1132)\n\n - Use after free in WebRTC Perf in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1133)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1134)\n\n - Use after free in Shopping Cart in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via standard feature user interaction. (CVE-2022-1135)\n\n - Use after free in Tab Strip in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific set of user gestures. (CVE-2022-1136)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to leak potentially sensitive information via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1137)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Web Cursor in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to obscure the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1138)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Background Fetch API in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1139)\n\n - Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user gesture. (CVE-2022-1141)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in WebUI in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific input into DevTools. (CVE-2022-1142, CVE-2022-1143)\n\n - Use after free in WebUI in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific input into DevTools. (CVE-2022-1144)\n\n - Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interaction and profile destruction. (CVE-2022-1145)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Resource Timing in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1146)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.75 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1232)\n\n - Use after free in storage in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1305)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in compositing in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1306)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in full screen in Google Chrome on Android prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1307)\n\n - Use after free in BFCache in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1308)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in developer tools in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1309)\n\n - Use after free in regular expressions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1310)\n\n - Use after free in shell in Google Chrome on ChromeOS prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1311)\n\n - Use after free in storage in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted Chrome Extension.\n (CVE-2022-1312)\n\n - Use after free in tab groups in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1313)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1314)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 Turbofan in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.127 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1364)\n\n - Use after free in Vulkan in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1477)\n\n - Use after free in SwiftShader in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1478)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1479)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1481)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in WebGL in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1482)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in WebGPU in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1483)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in Web UI Settings in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1484)\n\n - Use after free in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1485)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1486)\n\n - Use after free in Ozone in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via running a Wayland test. (CVE-2022-1487)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to leak cross-origin data via a crafted Chrome Extension. (CVE-2022-1488)\n\n - Out of bounds memory access in UI Shelf in Google Chrome on Chrome OS, Lacros prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions.\n (CVE-2022-1489)\n\n - Use after free in Browser Switcher in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1490)\n\n - Use after free in Bookmarks in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1491)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Blink Editing in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to inject arbitrary scripts or HTML via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1492)\n\n - Use after free in Dev Tools in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1493)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Trusted Types in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to bypass trusted types policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1494)\n\n - Incorrect security UI in Downloads in Google Chrome on Android prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the APK downloads dialog via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1495)\n\n - Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1496)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Input in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of cross-origin websites via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1497)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in HTML Parser in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1498)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in WebAuthentication in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1499)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Dev Tools in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to bypass content security policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1500)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in iframe in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1501)\n\n - Use after free in Sharesheet in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1633)\n\n - Use after free in Browser UI in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who had convinced a user to engage in specific UI interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1634)\n\n - Use after free in Permission Prompts in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1635)\n\n - Use after free in Performance APIs in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1636)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Web Contents in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1637)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1639)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1640)\n\n - Use after free in Web UI Diagnostics in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1641)\n\n - Use after free in Indexed DB in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1853)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1854)\n\n - Use after free in Messaging in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1855)\n\n - Use after free in User Education in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension or specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1856)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to bypass file system restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1857)\n\n - Out of bounds read in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1858)\n\n - Use after free in Performance Manager in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1859)\n\n - Use after free in UI Foundations in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1860)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to enage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1861)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass profile restrictions via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1862)\n\n - Use after free in Tab Groups in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1863)\n\n - Use after free in WebApp Installs in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1864)\n\n - Use after free in Bookmarks in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1865)\n\n - Use after free in Tablet Mode in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1866)\n\n - Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Data Transfer in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted clipboard content. (CVE-2022-1867)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1868)\n\n - Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1869)\n\n - Use after free in App Service in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension. (CVE-2022-1870)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass file system policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1871)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass downloads policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1872)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in COOP in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1873)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to bypass downloads protection policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1874)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in PDF in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1875)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1876)\n\n - Use after free in WebGPU in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2007)\n\n - Out of bounds read in compositing in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-2010)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2011)\n\n - Use after free in Core in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2156)\n\n - Use after free in Interest groups in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-2157)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2158)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in DevTools in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to obtain potentially sensitive information from a user's local files via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2160)\n\n - Use after free in WebApp Provider in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker who convinced the user to engage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific UI interactions. (CVE-2022-2161)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to bypass file system access via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2162)\n\n - Use after free in Cast UI and Toolbar in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.134 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via UI interaction. (CVE-2022-2163)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass discretionary access control via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2164)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in URL formatting in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to perform domain spoofing via IDN homographs via a crafted domain name. (CVE-2022-2165)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. (CVE-2022-22021)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-24475)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability. (CVE-2022-24523, CVE-2022-26905)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26891)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26894)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26895)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26900)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26909, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26908)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26909)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909. (CVE-2022-26912)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-30128. (CVE-2022-30127)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-30127. (CVE-2022-30128)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-33638, CVE-2022-33639. (CVE-2022-30192)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-30192, CVE-2022-33639. (CVE-2022-33638)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-30192, CVE-2022-33638. (CVE-2022-33639)\n\n - This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this vulnerability. Please see Google Chrome Releases for more information. (CVE-2022-0801) \n - Please review the referenced CVE identifiers for details. (CVE-2022-29144, CVE-2022-29146, CVE-2022-29147)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2022-08-15T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "GLSA-202208-25 : Chromium, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, QtWebEngine: Multiple Vulnerabilities", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-4052", "CVE-2021-4053", "CVE-2021-4054", "CVE-2021-4055", "CVE-2021-4056", "CVE-2021-4057", "CVE-2021-4058", "CVE-2021-4059", "CVE-2021-4061", "CVE-2021-4062", "CVE-2021-4063", "CVE-2021-4064", "CVE-2021-4065", "CVE-2021-4066", "CVE-2021-4067", "CVE-2021-4068", "CVE-2021-4078", "CVE-2021-4079", "CVE-2022-0789", "CVE-2022-0790", "CVE-2022-0791", "CVE-2022-0792", "CVE-2022-0793", "CVE-2022-0794", "CVE-2022-0795", "CVE-2022-0796", "CVE-2022-0797", "CVE-2022-0798", "CVE-2022-0799", "CVE-2022-0800", "CVE-2022-0801", "CVE-2022-0802", "CVE-2022-0803", "CVE-2022-0804", "CVE-2022-0805", "CVE-2022-0806", "CVE-2022-0807", "CVE-2022-0808", "CVE-2022-0809", "CVE-2022-0971", "CVE-2022-0972", "CVE-2022-0973", "CVE-2022-0974", "CVE-2022-0975", "CVE-2022-0976", "CVE-2022-0977", "CVE-2022-0978", "CVE-2022-0979", "CVE-2022-0980", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1125", "CVE-2022-1127", "CVE-2022-1128", "CVE-2022-1129", "CVE-2022-1130", "CVE-2022-1131", "CVE-2022-1132", "CVE-2022-1133", "CVE-2022-1134", "CVE-2022-1135", "CVE-2022-1136", "CVE-2022-1137", "CVE-2022-1138", "CVE-2022-1139", "CVE-2022-1141", "CVE-2022-1142", "CVE-2022-1143", "CVE-2022-1144", "CVE-2022-1145", "CVE-2022-1146", "CVE-2022-1232", "CVE-2022-1305", "CVE-2022-1306", "CVE-2022-1307", "CVE-2022-1308", "CVE-2022-1309", "CVE-2022-1310", "CVE-2022-1311", "CVE-2022-1312", "CVE-2022-1313", "CVE-2022-1314", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-1477", "CVE-2022-1478", "CVE-2022-1479", "CVE-2022-1481", "CVE-2022-1482", "CVE-2022-1483", "CVE-2022-1484", "CVE-2022-1485", "CVE-2022-1486", "CVE-2022-1487", "CVE-2022-1488", "CVE-2022-1489", "CVE-2022-1490", "CVE-2022-1491", "CVE-2022-1492", "CVE-2022-1493", "CVE-2022-1494", "CVE-2022-1495", "CVE-2022-1496", "CVE-2022-1497", "CVE-2022-1498", "CVE-2022-1499", "CVE-2022-1500", "CVE-2022-1501", "CVE-2022-1633", "CVE-2022-1634", "CVE-2022-1635", "CVE-2022-1636", "CVE-2022-1637", "CVE-2022-1639", "CVE-2022-1640", "CVE-2022-1641", "CVE-2022-1853", "CVE-2022-1854", "CVE-2022-1855", "CVE-2022-1856", "CVE-2022-1857", "CVE-2022-1858", "CVE-2022-1859", "CVE-2022-1860", "CVE-2022-1861", "CVE-2022-1862", "CVE-2022-1863", "CVE-2022-1864", "CVE-2022-1865", "CVE-2022-1866", "CVE-2022-1867", "CVE-2022-1868", "CVE-2022-1869", "CVE-2022-1870", "CVE-2022-1871", "CVE-2022-1872", "CVE-2022-1873", "CVE-2022-1874", "CVE-2022-1875", "CVE-2022-1876", "CVE-2022-2007", "CVE-2022-2010", "CVE-2022-2011", "CVE-2022-2156", "CVE-2022-2157", "CVE-2022-2158", "CVE-2022-2160", "CVE-2022-2161", "CVE-2022-2162", "CVE-2022-2163", "CVE-2022-2164", "CVE-2022-2165", "CVE-2022-22021", "CVE-2022-24475", "CVE-2022-24523", "CVE-2022-26891", "CVE-2022-26894", "CVE-2022-26895", "CVE-2022-26900", "CVE-2022-26905", "CVE-2022-26908", "CVE-2022-26909", "CVE-2022-26912", "CVE-2022-29144", "CVE-2022-29146", "CVE-2022-29147", "CVE-2022-30127", "CVE-2022-30128", "CVE-2022-30192", "CVE-2022-33638", "CVE-2022-33639"], "modified": "2023-10-16T00:00:00", "cpe": ["p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:chromium", "p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:google-chrome", "p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:microsoft-edge", "p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:qtwebengine", "cpe:/o:gentoo:linux"], "id": "GENTOO_GLSA-202208-25.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/164112", "sourceData": "#\n# (C) Tenable, Inc.\n#\n# @NOAGENT@\n#\n# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were\n# extracted from Gentoo Linux Security Advisory GLSA 202208-25.\n#\n# The advisory text is Copyright (C) 2001-2021 Gentoo Foundation, Inc.\n# and licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution / Share Alike\n# license. 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(CVE-2021-30551)\n\n - Use after free in web apps in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed an attacker who convinced a user\n to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension.\n (CVE-2021-4052)\n\n - Use after free in UI in Google Chrome on Linux prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4053)\n\n - Incorrect security UI in autofill in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n perform domain spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4054)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in extensions in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed an attacker who\n convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted\n Chrome Extension. (CVE-2021-4055)\n\n - Type confusion in loader in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4056)\n\n - Use after free in file API in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker who had\n compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2021-4057)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4058)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in loader in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4059)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4061, CVE-2021-4078)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in BFCache in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker who had\n compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2021-4062)\n\n - Use after free in developer tools in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4063)\n\n - Use after free in screen capture in Google Chrome on ChromeOS prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote\n attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4064)\n\n - Use after free in autofill in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4065)\n\n - Integer underflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4066)\n\n - Use after free in window manager in Google Chrome on ChromeOS prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote\n attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4067)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in new tab page in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote\n attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2021-4068)\n\n - Out of bounds write in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 96.0.4664.93 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via crafted WebRTC packets. (CVE-2021-4079)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0789)\n\n - Use after free in Cast UI in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a\n user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML\n page. (CVE-2022-0790)\n\n - Use after free in Omnibox in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a\n user to engage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via user interactions.\n (CVE-2022-0791)\n\n - Out of bounds read in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0792)\n\n - Use after free in Cast in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to\n install a malicious extension and engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension. (CVE-2022-0793)\n\n - Use after free in WebShare in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who convinced\n a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML\n page. (CVE-2022-0794)\n\n - Type confusion in Blink Layout in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0795)\n\n - Use after free in Media in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0796)\n\n - Out of bounds memory access in Mojo in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to\n perform an out of bounds memory write via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0797)\n\n - Use after free in MediaStream in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome\n Extension. (CVE-2022-0798)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Installer in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a\n remote attacker to perform local privilege escalation via a crafted offline installer file.\n (CVE-2022-0799)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in Cast UI in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0800)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Full screen mode in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed\n a remote attacker to hide the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0802,\n CVE-2022-0804)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Permissions in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote\n attacker to tamper with the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0803)\n\n - Use after free in Browser Switcher in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via user\n interaction. (CVE-2022-0805)\n\n - Data leak in Canvas in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user\n to engage in screen sharing to potentially leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0806)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker\n to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0807)\n\n - Use after free in Chrome OS Shell in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in a series of user interaction to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via user interactions. (CVE-2022-0808)\n\n - Out of bounds memory access in WebXR in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.51 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0809)\n\n - Use after free in Blink Layout in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker\n who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-0971)\n\n - Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-0972)\n\n - Use after free in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0973)\n\n - Use after free in Splitscreen in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0974)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0975, CVE-2022-0978)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0976)\n\n - Use after free in Browser UI in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote attacker\n who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0977)\n\n - Use after free in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Android prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-0979)\n\n - Use after free in New Tab Page in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user\n interactions. (CVE-2022-0980)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1096)\n\n - Use after free in Portals in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced\n a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via user interaction.\n (CVE-2022-1125)\n\n - Use after free in QR Code Generator in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via user\n interaction. (CVE-2022-1127)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Web Share API in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed\n an attacker on the local network segment to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1128)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Full Screen Mode in Google Chrome on Android prior to 100.0.4896.60\n allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1129)\n\n - Insufficient validation of trust input in WebOTP in Google Chrome on Android prior to 100.0.4896.60\n allowed a remote attacker to send arbitrary intents from any app via a malicious app. (CVE-2022-1130)\n\n - Use after free in Cast UI in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1131)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Virtual Keyboard in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 100.0.4896.60\n allowed a local attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via physical access to the device.\n (CVE-2022-1132)\n\n - Use after free in WebRTC Perf in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1133)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1134)\n\n - Use after free in Shopping Cart in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via standard feature user interaction. (CVE-2022-1135)\n\n - Use after free in Tab Strip in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific set of user\n gestures. (CVE-2022-1136)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who\n convinced a user to install a malicious extension to leak potentially sensitive information via a crafted\n HTML page. (CVE-2022-1137)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Web Cursor in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote\n attacker who had compromised the renderer process to obscure the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1138)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Background Fetch API in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a\n remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1139)\n\n - Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via\n specific user gesture. (CVE-2022-1141)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in WebUI in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via\n specific input into DevTools. (CVE-2022-1142, CVE-2022-1143)\n\n - Use after free in WebUI in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a\n user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific input into\n DevTools. (CVE-2022-1144)\n\n - Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interaction\n and profile destruction. (CVE-2022-1145)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Resource Timing in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.60 allowed a remote\n attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1146)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.75 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1232)\n\n - Use after free in storage in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1305)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in compositing in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote\n attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1306)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in full screen in Google Chrome on Android prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a\n remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1307)\n\n - Use after free in BFCache in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1308)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in developer tools in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a\n remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1309)\n\n - Use after free in regular expressions in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1310)\n\n - Use after free in shell in Google Chrome on ChromeOS prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1311)\n\n - Use after free in storage in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed an attacker who convinced a user\n to install a malicious extension to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted Chrome Extension.\n (CVE-2022-1312)\n\n - Use after free in tab groups in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1313)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1314)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 Turbofan in Google Chrome prior to 100.0.4896.127 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1364)\n\n - Use after free in Vulkan in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1477)\n\n - Use after free in SwiftShader in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1478)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1479)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1481)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in WebGL in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1482)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in WebGPU in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who had\n compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1483)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in Web UI Settings in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker\n to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1484)\n\n - Use after free in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1485)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to obtain\n potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1486)\n\n - Use after free in Ozone in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via running a Wayland test. (CVE-2022-1487)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed an attacker\n who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to leak cross-origin data via a crafted Chrome\n Extension. (CVE-2022-1488)\n\n - Out of bounds memory access in UI Shelf in Google Chrome on Chrome OS, Lacros prior to 101.0.4951.41\n allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific user interactions.\n (CVE-2022-1489)\n\n - Use after free in Browser Switcher in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1490)\n\n - Use after free in Bookmarks in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1491)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Blink Editing in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to inject arbitrary scripts or HTML via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1492)\n\n - Use after free in Dev Tools in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1493)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Trusted Types in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to bypass trusted types policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1494)\n\n - Incorrect security UI in Downloads in Google Chrome on Android prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to spoof the APK downloads dialog via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1495)\n\n - Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via specific and direct user interaction. (CVE-2022-1496)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Input in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to\n spoof the contents of cross-origin websites via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1497)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in HTML Parser in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1498)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in WebAuthentication in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1499)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in Dev Tools in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote\n attacker to bypass content security policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1500)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in iframe in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker\n to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1501)\n\n - Use after free in Sharesheet in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption\n via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1633)\n\n - Use after free in Browser UI in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who had\n convinced a user to engage in specific UI interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific\n user interactions. (CVE-2022-1634)\n\n - Use after free in Permission Prompts in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific\n user interactions. (CVE-2022-1635)\n\n - Use after free in Performance APIs in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1636)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Web Contents in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote\n attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1637)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1639)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote attacker who convinced\n a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML\n page. (CVE-2022-1640)\n\n - Use after free in Web UI Diagnostics in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 101.0.4951.64 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption\n via specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1641)\n\n - Use after free in Indexed DB in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1853)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1854)\n\n - Use after free in Messaging in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to\n potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1855)\n\n - Use after free in User Education in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced\n a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome\n Extension or specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1856)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a\n remote attacker to bypass file system restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1857)\n\n - Out of bounds read in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to\n perform an out of bounds memory read via specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1858)\n\n - Use after free in Performance Manager in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker\n who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a\n crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1859)\n\n - Use after free in UI Foundations in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interaction to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1860)\n\n - Use after free in Sharing in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker\n who convinced a user to enage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via\n specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1861)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who\n convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass profile restrictions via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1862)\n\n - Use after free in Tab Groups in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome\n Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1863)\n\n - Use after free in WebApp Installs in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who\n convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted\n Chrome Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1864)\n\n - Use after free in Bookmarks in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome\n Extension and specific user interaction. (CVE-2022-1865)\n\n - Use after free in Tablet Mode in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote\n attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap\n corruption via specific user interactions. (CVE-2022-1866)\n\n - Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Data Transfer in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61\n allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted clipboard content. (CVE-2022-1867)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker\n who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML\n page. (CVE-2022-1868)\n\n - Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1869)\n\n - Use after free in App Service in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced a\n user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome\n Extension. (CVE-2022-1870)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an\n attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass file system policy via a crafted\n HTML page. (CVE-2022-1871)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an\n attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass downloads policy via a crafted\n HTML page. (CVE-2022-1872)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in COOP in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker\n to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1873)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a\n remote attacker to bypass downloads protection policy via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1874)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in PDF in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed a remote attacker to\n leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-1875)\n\n - Heap buffer overflow in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.61 allowed an attacker who convinced\n a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-1876)\n\n - Use after free in WebGPU in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2007)\n\n - Out of bounds read in compositing in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker who\n had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-2010)\n\n - Use after free in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 102.0.5005.115 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2011)\n\n - Use after free in Core in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2156)\n\n - Use after free in Interest groups in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker who\n had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n (CVE-2022-2157)\n\n - Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker to potentially\n exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2158)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in DevTools in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed an\n attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to obtain potentially sensitive information\n from a user's local files via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2160)\n\n - Use after free in WebApp Provider in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote attacker who\n convinced the user to engage in specific user interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via\n specific UI interactions. (CVE-2022-2161)\n\n - Insufficient policy enforcement in File System API in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 103.0.5060.53\n allowed a remote attacker to bypass file system access via a crafted HTML page. (CVE-2022-2162)\n\n - Use after free in Cast UI and Toolbar in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.134 allowed an attacker who\n convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via UI\n interaction. (CVE-2022-2163)\n\n - Inappropriate implementation in Extensions API in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed an attacker\n who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass discretionary access control via a crafted\n HTML page. (CVE-2022-2164)\n\n - Insufficient data validation in URL formatting in Google Chrome prior to 103.0.5060.53 allowed a remote\n attacker to perform domain spoofing via IDN homographs via a crafted domain name. (CVE-2022-2165)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. (CVE-2022-22021)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-24475)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability. (CVE-2022-24523, CVE-2022-26905)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26891)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26894)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26895)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26908, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26900)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26909,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26908)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908,\n CVE-2022-26912. (CVE-2022-26909)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-24475, CVE-2022-26891, CVE-2022-26894, CVE-2022-26895, CVE-2022-26900, CVE-2022-26908,\n CVE-2022-26909. (CVE-2022-26912)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-30128. (CVE-2022-30127)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-30127. (CVE-2022-30128)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-33638, CVE-2022-33639. (CVE-2022-30192)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-30192, CVE-2022-33639. (CVE-2022-33638)\n\n - Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from\n CVE-2022-30192, CVE-2022-33638. (CVE-2022-33639)\n\n - This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this\n vulnerability. Please see Google Chrome Releases for more information. (CVE-2022-0801)\n \n - Please review the referenced CVE identifiers for details. (CVE-2022-29144, CVE-2022-29146,\n CVE-2022-29147)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version\nnumber.\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-25\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=773040\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=787950\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=800181\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=810781\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=815397\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=828519\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=829161\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=834477\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=835397\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=835761\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=836011\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=836381\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=836777\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=836830\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=837497\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=838049\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=838433\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=838682\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=841371\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=843035\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=843728\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=847370\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=847613\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=848864\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=851003\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=851009\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=853229\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=853643\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=854372\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"solution\", value:\n\"All Chromium users should upgrade to the latest version:\n\n # 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[More details](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/class/Exploit/>).\n\n### *Affected products*:\nOpera earlier than 85.0.4341.28\n\n### *Solution*:\nUpdate to the latest version \n[Download Opera](<https://www.opera.com>)\n\n### *Original advisories*:\n[Changelog for 85](<https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-85/#b4341.28>) \n[Stable Channel Update for Desktop](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>) \n\n\n### *Impacts*:\nDoS \n\n### *Related products*:\n[Opera](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/product/Opera/>)\n\n### *CVE-IDS*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-1096>)5.0Warning", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-29T00:00:00", "type": "kaspersky", "title": "KLA12538 DoS vulnerability in Opera", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-09-29T00:00:00", "id": "KLA12538", "href": "https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/vulnerability/KLA12538/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-12-02T19:28:43", "description": "### *Detect date*:\n03/26/2022\n\n### *Severity*:\nWarning\n\n### *Description*:\nType Confusion vulnerability in Microsoft Browser. Malicious users can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code, cause denial of service.\n\n### *Exploitation*:\nMalware exists for this vulnerability. Usually such malware is classified as Exploit. [More details](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/class/Exploit/>).\n\n### *Affected products*:\nMicrosoft Edge (Chromium-based)\n\n### *Solution*:\nInstall necessary updates from the Settings and more menu, that are listed in your About Microsoft Edge page (Microsoft Edge About page usually can be accessed from the Help and feedback option) \n[Microsoft Edge update settings](<https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/microsoft-edge-update-settings-af8aaca2-1b69-4870-94fe-18822dbb7ef1>)\n\n### *Original advisories*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>) \n\n\n### *Impacts*:\nDoS \n\n### *Related products*:\n[Microsoft Edge](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/product/Microsoft-Edge/>)\n\n### *CVE-IDS*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-1096>)5.0Warning\n\n### *Microsoft official advisories*:", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-26T00:00:00", "type": "kaspersky", "title": "KLA12492 Type Confusion vulnerability in Microsoft Browser", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-09-29T00:00:00", "id": "KLA12492", "href": "https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/vulnerability/KLA12492/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-12-02T19:28:49", "description": "### *Detect date*:\n03/25/2022\n\n### *Severity*:\nHigh\n\n### *Description*:\nType Confusion vulnerability was found in Google Chrome. Malicious users can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code, cause denial of service.\n\n### *Exploitation*:\nMalware exists for this vulnerability. Usually such malware is classified as Exploit. [More details](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/class/Exploit/>).\n\n### *Affected products*:\nGoogle Chrome earlier than 99.0.4844.84\n\n### *Solution*:\nUpdate to the latest version \n[Download Google Chrome](<https://www.google.com/chrome/>)\n\n### *Original advisories*:\n[Stable Channel Update for Desktop](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>) \n\n\n### *Impacts*:\nDoS \n\n### *Related products*:\n[Google Chrome](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/product/Google-Chrome/>)\n\n### *CVE-IDS*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-1096>)5.0Warning", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-25T00:00:00", "type": "kaspersky", "title": "KLA12491 Type Confusion vulnerability in Google Chrome", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-09-29T00:00:00", "id": "KLA12491", "href": "https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/vulnerability/KLA12491/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-12-02T19:26:18", "description": "### *Detect date*:\n03/26/2022\n\n### *Severity*:\nWarning\n\n### *Description*:\nType confusion vulnerability was found in Microsoft Developer Tools. Malicious users can exploit this vulnerability to cause denial of service.\n\n### *Exploitation*:\nMalware exists for this vulnerability. Usually such malware is classified as Exploit. [More details](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/class/Exploit/>).\n\n### *Affected products*:\nMicrosoft Visual Studio\n\n### *Solution*:\nInstall necessary updates from the KB section, that are listed in your Windows Update (Windows Update usually can be accessed from the Control Panel)\n\n### *Original advisories*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>) \n\n\n### *Impacts*:\nDoS \n\n### *Related products*:\n[Microsoft Visual Studio](<https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/product/Microsoft-Visual-Studio/>)\n\n### *CVE-IDS*:\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-1096>)5.0Warning\n\n### *Microsoft official advisories*:", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-26T00:00:00", "type": "kaspersky", "title": "KLA12529 Type confusion vulnerability in Microsoft Developer Tools", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-09-29T00:00:00", "id": "KLA12529", "href": "https://threats.kaspersky.com/en/vulnerability/KLA12529/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "mageia": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T20:47:31", "description": "The chromium-browser-stable package has been updated to 99.0.4844.84 that fixes one security vulnerability and many bugs (together with 99.0.4844.82). Type Confusion in V8. Reported by anonymous on 2022-03-23 Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild. (CVE-2022-1096) \n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-28T19:23:37", "type": "mageia", "title": "Updated chromium-browser-stable packages fix security vulnerability\n", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-28T19:23:37", "id": "MGASA-2022-0118", "href": "https://advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2022-0118.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "attackerkb": [{"lastseen": "2023-10-18T16:38:37", "description": "Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\n\n \n**Recent assessments:** \n \nAssessed Attacker Value: 0 \nAssessed Attacker Value: 0Assessed Attacker Value: 0\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-23T00:00:00", "type": "attackerkb", "title": "CVE-2022-1096", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-10-07T00:00:00", "id": "AKB:6D883363-6A9C-411A-8D48-5872842B65D3", "href": "https://attackerkb.com/topics/Jr4SM2pfMz/cve-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "osv": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-10T07:07:11", "description": "\nA security issue was discovered in Chromium, which could result in the\nexecution of arbitrary code if a malicious website is visited.\n\n\nFor the stable distribution (bullseye), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 99.0.4844.84-1~deb11u1.\n\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your chromium packages.\n\n\nFor the detailed security status of chromium please refer to\nits security tracker page at:\n[\\\nhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/chromium](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/chromium)\n\n\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-28T00:00:00", "type": "osv", "title": "chromium - security update", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-08-10T07:07:10", "id": "OSV:DSA-5110-1", "href": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/DSA-5110-1", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "ubuntucve": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T13:38:18", "description": "Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a\nremote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML\npage.\n\n#### Notes\n\nAuthor| Note \n---|--- \n[alexmurray](<https://launchpad.net/~alexmurray>) | The Debian chromium source package is called chromium-browser in Ubuntu \n[mdeslaur](<https://launchpad.net/~mdeslaur>) | starting with Ubuntu 19.10, the chromium-browser package is just a script that installs the Chromium snap\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-23T00:00:00", "type": "ubuntucve", "title": "CVE-2022-1096", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-07-23T00:00:00", "id": "UB:CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "alpinelinux": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T17:25:10", "description": "Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-23T00:15:00", "type": "alpinelinux", "title": "CVE-2022-1096", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-10-27T22:50:00", "id": "ALPINE:CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "ics": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T17:30:33", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 4.0**\n * **ATTENTION:** Low attack complexity/public exploits are available\n * **Vendor:** Rockwell Automation\n * **Equipment:** FactoryTalk Software, Enhanced HIM for PowerFlex, Connected Components Workbench\n * **Vulnerability:** Type Confusion\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could cause a denial-of-service condition.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following versions of Rockwell products are affected:\n\n * FactoryTalk Linx Enterprise software: Versions 6.20, 6.21, and 6.30\n * Enhanced HIM (eHIM) for PowerFlex 6000T: Version 1.001\n * Connected Components Workbench software: Versions 11, 12, 13, and 20\n * FactoryTalk View Site Edition: Version 13\n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [ACCESS OF RESOURCE USING INCOMPATIBLE TYPE ('TYPE CONFUSION') CWE-843](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/843.html>)\n\nRockwell Automation has been made aware of a third-party vulnerability present in multiple vendor components currently in use. Due to how Rockwell Automation uses the Chromium web browser, exploitation of this vulnerability may cause the affected products to become temporarily unavailable. As a result, the CVSS Score was adjusted to reflect how this vulnerability affects these Rockwell products.\n\n[CVE-2022-1096](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2022-1096>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.0 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Multiple\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:** Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** United States\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nRockwell Automation reported this vulnerability to CISA.\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nRockwell Automation is in the process of testing and validating the patch and will update this advisory for each product as updated firmware becomes available.\n\nUsers currently utilizing the FactoryTalk View Site Edition should avoid using the web browser control if it is not required for the intended use of the product.\n\nUsers currently utilizing the FactoryTalk View Site Edition web browser can manually download [and apply the updated version of WebView2](<https://compatibility.rockwellautomation.com/Pages/Home.aspx>) by performing these recommended actions: \n\n * Replace the Microsoft WebView2 file in the C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Rockwell Software\\RS View Enterprise\\Microsoft.WebView2.FixedVersionRuntime directory by copying and pasting the new version of the software into the folder. \n * Users should be sure to not remove the contents of the folder before pasting the new file.\n\nUsers currently utilizing Enhanced HIM (eHIM) for Power Flex 6000T drives should perform the following recommended actions to address the vulnerability: \n\n * Update the Microsoft Edge browser to Version 99.0.1150 or later.\n * Apply the update for eHIM when made available.\n\nIf applying the mitigations noted above is not feasible, then see Rockwell Automation\u2019s Knowledgebase article, [Security Best Practices (login required)](<https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/>), for additional recommendations for maintaining adequate environment security posture.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.\n\nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/Recommended-Practices>) on the ICS webpage at [cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>). Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with [Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at [cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>) in the technical information paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>).\n\nOrganizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nThis vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-28T12:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Rockwell Products Impacted by Chromium Type Confusion", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-07-28T12:00:00", "id": "ICSA-22-209-01", "href": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-22-209-01", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "cisa_kev": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T17:41:59", "description": "The vulnerability exists due to a type confusion error within the V8 component in Chromium, affecting all Chromium-based browsers.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-28T00:00:00", "type": "cisa_kev", "title": "Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-28T00:00:00", "id": "CISA-KEV-CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "debian": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T15:36:57", "description": "- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\nDebian Security Advisory DSA-5110-1 security@debian.org\nhttps://www.debian.org/security/ Moritz Muehlenhoff\nMarch 28, 2022 https://www.debian.org/security/faq\n- -------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nPackage : chromium\nCVE ID : CVE-2022-1096\n\nA security issue was discovered in Chromium, which could result in the\nexecution of arbitrary code if a malicious website is visited.\n\nFor the stable distribution (bullseye), this problem has been fixed in\nversion 99.0.4844.84-1~deb11u1.\n\nWe recommend that you upgrade your chromium packages.\n\nFor the detailed security status of chromium please refer to\nits security tracker page at:\nhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/chromium\n\nFurther information about Debian Security Advisories, how to apply\nthese updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be\nfound at: https://www.debian.org/security/\n\nMailing list: debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-28T07:03:21", "type": "debian", "title": "[SECURITY] [DSA 5110-1] chromium security update", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-28T07:03:21", "id": "DEBIAN:DSA-5110-1:CD232", "href": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2022/msg00078.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "mscve": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T16:48:13", "description": "This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this vulnerability. Please see [Google Chrome Releases](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022>) for more information.\n\nGoogle is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-26T07:00:00", "type": "mscve", "title": "Chromium: CVE-2022-1096 Type Confusion in V8", "bulletinFamily": "microsoft", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-05-10T07:00:00", "id": "MS:CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "cve": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T16:25:53", "description": "Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-23T00:15:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2022-1096", "cwe": ["CWE-843"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-10-27T22:50:00", "cpe": [], "id": "CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "cpe23": []}], "chrome": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T20:11:59", "description": "The Stable channel has been updated to 99.0.4844.84 for Windows, Mac and Linux which will roll out over the coming days/weeks. \n\nA full list of changes in this build is available in the [log](<https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+log/99.0.4844.82..99.0.4844.84?pretty=fuller&n=10000>). Interested in switching release channels? Find out how [here](<https://www.chromium.org/getting-involved/dev-channel>). If you find a new issue, please let us know by [filing a bug](<https://crbug.com/>). The [community help forum](<https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!forum/chrome>) is also a great place to reach out for help or learn about common issues.\n\n\n\n\nSecurity Fixes and Rewards\n\nNote: Access to bug details and links may be kept restricted until a majority of users are updated with a fix. We will also retain restrictions if the bug exists in a third party library that other projects similarly depend on, but haven't yet fixed.\n\nThis update includes [1](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/list?can=1&q=type%3Abug-security+os%3DAndroid%2Cios%2Clinux%2Cmac%2Cwindows%2Call%2Cchrome+label%3ARelease-2-M99>) security fix. Below, we highlight fixes that were contributed by external researchers. Please see the [Chrome Security Page](<https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/Home/chromium-security>) for more information.\n\n** \n**\n\n[$TBD][[1309225](<https://crbug.com/1309225>)] High CVE-2022-1096: Type Confusion in V8. Reported by anonymous on 2022-03-23\n\nWe would also like to thank all security researchers that worked with us during the development cycle to prevent security bugs from ever reaching the stable channel.\n\nGoogle is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild. \n\nMany of our security bugs are detected using [AddressSanitizer](<https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/AddressSanitizer>), [MemorySanitizer](<https://code.google.com/p/memory-sanitizer/wiki/MemorySanitizer>), [UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer](<https://www.chromium.org/developers/testing/undefinedbehaviorsanitizer>), [Control Flow Integrity](<https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/developers/testing/control-flow-integrity>), [libFuzzer](<https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/developers/testing/libfuzzer>), or [AFL](<https://github.com/google/afl>).\n\n\n\n\nPrudhviKumar Bommana\n\nGoogle Chrome", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-25T00:00:00", "type": "chrome", "title": "Stable Channel Update for Desktop", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-25T00:00:00", "id": "GCSA-6591445864469691028", "href": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "malwarebytes": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-30T15:40:03", "description": "Google has [urged](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>) its 3 billion+ users to update to Chrome version 99.0.4844.84 for Mac, Windows, and Linux to mitigate a zero-day that is currently being exploited in the wild. This is in response to a bug reported by an anonymous security researcher last week.\n\nThe flaw, which is tracked as [CVE-2022-1096](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-1096>), is a "Type Confusion in V8" and is rated as high severity, meaning that it's necessary for everyone using Chrome to update as quickly as possible because of the damage attackers could cause once they exploit this.\n\nNot much is known about the vulnerability itself or how great the impact would be if exploited, but the unusual release of this patch, which notably addresses just one vulnerability, means that this update shouldn't be ignored.\n\nGoogle is always cautious to release more details until the majority of users are updated with a fix. Google says it [may take weeks](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>) before the update reaches its entire user base.\n\n## How to update\n\nThe easiest way to update is to allow Chrome to do it automatically, which basically uses the same method I outlined below but does not require your attention. But you can end up lagging behind if you never close the browser or if something goes wrong, such as an extension stopping you from updating the browser.\n\nSo, it doesn\u2019t hurt to check now and then. And now would be a good time.\n\nMy preferred method is to have Chrome open the page **chrome://settings/help** which you can also find by clicking **Settings > About Chrome**.\n\nIf there is an update available, Chrome will notify you and start downloading it. Then it will tell you all you have to do to complete the update is relaunch the browser.\n\n## Microsoft Edge\n\nMicrosoft has [confirmed](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>) that Edge, a Chromium-based browser, is also affected by this vulnerability. Edge users should urgently update their browsers to version 99.0.1150.55, which is not vulnerable to the flaw.\n\nThe post [Update now! Google releases emergency patch for Chrome zero-day used in the wild](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com/exploits-and-vulnerabilities/2022/03/update-now-google-releases-emergency-patch-for-chrome-zero-day-used-in-the-wild/>) appeared first on [Malwarebytes Labs](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com>).", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2022-03-28T13:42:54", "type": "malwarebytes", "title": "Update now! Google releases emergency patch for Chrome zero-day used in the wild", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-28T13:42:54", "id": "MALWAREBYTES:3203C761121FB47FC676CC2505B4A9FD", "href": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/exploits-and-vulnerabilities/2022/03/update-now-google-releases-emergency-patch-for-chrome-zero-day-used-in-the-wild/", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-09-06T00:03:08", "description": "On Friday, Google [announced](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html>) the release of a new version of its Chrome browser that includes a security fix for a zero-day tracked as [CVE-2022-3075](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-3075>). As with previous announcements, technical details about the vulnerability won't be released until a certain number of Chrome users have already applied the patch.\n\nGoogle is urging its Windows, Mac, and Linux users to update Chrome to version** 105.0.5195.102**.\n\nCVE-2022-3075 is described as an \"[i]nsufficient data validation in Mojo\". According to Chromium documents, Mojo is \"a collection of runtime libraries" that facilitates interfacing standard, low-level interprocess communication (IPC) primitives. Mojo provides a platform-agnostic abstraction of these primitives, which comprise most of Chrome's code.\n\nAn anonymous security researcher is credited for discovering and reporting the flaw.\n\nCVE-2022-3075 is the sixth zero-day Chrome vulnerability Google had to address. The previous ones were:\n\n * [C](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>)[VE-2022-0609](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>), a Use-after-Free (UAF) vulnerability, which was patched in February\n * [CVE-2022-1096](<https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2022/03/update-now-google-releases-emergency-patch-for-chrome-zero-day-used-in-the-wild>), a \"Type Confusion in V8\" vulnerability, which was patched in March\n * [CVE-2022-1364](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/google-chrome-emergency-update-fixes-zero-day-used-in-attacks/>), a flaw in the V8 JavaScript engine, which was patched in April\n * [CVE-2022-2294](<https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2022/07/update-now-chrome-patches-another-zero-day-vulnerability>), a flaw in the Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC), which was patched in July\n * [CVE-2022-2856](<https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2022/08/update-chrome-now-google-issues-patch-for-zero-day-spotted-in-the-wild>), an insufficient input validation flaw, which was patched in August\n\nGoogle Chrome needs minimum oversight as it updates automatically. However, if you're in the habit of not closing your browser or have extensions that may hinder Chrome from automatically doing this, please check your browser every now and then.\n\nOnce Chrome notifies you of an available update, don't hesitate to download it. The patch is applied once you relaunch the browser.\n\n\n\nStay safe!", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-09-05T16:30:00", "type": "malwarebytes", "title": "Zero-day puts a dent in Chrome's mojo", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075"], "modified": "2022-09-05T16:30:00", "id": "MALWAREBYTES:08FDD3DEF41B63F1DEB23C21DCFDB12D", "href": "https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2022/09/update-chrome-asap-a-new-zero-day-is-already-being-exploited", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "prion": [{"lastseen": "2023-11-20T23:18:14", "description": "Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 99.0.4844.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-23T00:15:00", "type": "prion", "title": "Type confusion", "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-10-27T22:50:00", "id": "PRION:CVE-2022-1096", "href": "https://www.prio-n.com/kb/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "githubexploit": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T20:22:55", "description": "# Chrome-and-Edge-Version-Dumper\nPowershell script ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-29T20:06:33", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Type Confusion in Google Chrome", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2023-09-28T11:37:29", "id": "D424D6C6-13F7-5CAE-8771-9103296520B9", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "privateArea": 1}], "thn": [{"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:37:26", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe4kI4fPWEvYG9ia8i9jo4TGUExUqxfVYERYGlXDOHtolech2eDZ1t68Ygq-Rm2KyDOptmayUsQQ8KWRS6YLPsnNM81pe5p-m9VRQ3jW80R7QesFXZ6BrtdfsBk9_pvdaAJUbvRR8si8Ro0mR-XltTDsPJ-2gNPRTn6yVm8yNWyn9cPdTUYrX5TsGA/s728-e100/chrome-update.jpg>)\n\nGoogle on Friday shipped an out-of-band security update to address a high severity vulnerability in its Chrome browser that it said is being actively exploited in the wild.\n\nTracked as [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>), the zero-day flaw relates to a type confusion vulnerability in the V8 JavaScript engine. An anonymous researcher has been credited with reporting the bug on March 23, 2022.\n\nType confusion errors, which arise when a resource (e.g., a variable or an object) is accessed using a type that's incompatible to what was originally initialized, could have serious consequences in languages that are not [memory safe](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_safety>) like C and C++, enabling a malicious actor to perform out-of-bounds memory access.\n\n\"When a memory buffer is accessed using the wrong type, it could read or write memory out of the bounds of the buffer, if the allocated buffer is smaller than the type that the code is attempting to access, leading to a crash and possibly code execution,\" MITRE's Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) [explains](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/843.html>).\n\nThe tech giant acknowledged it's \"aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild,\" but stopped short of sharing additional specifics so as to prevent further exploitation and until a majority of users are updated with a fix.\n\nCVE-2022-1096 is the second zero-day vulnerability addressed by Google in Chrome since the start of the year, the first being [CVE-2022-0609](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>), a use-after-free vulnerability in the Animation component that was patched on February 14, 2022.\n\nEarlier this week, Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) [disclosed](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/north-korean-hackers-exploited-chrome.html>) details of a twin campaign staged by North Korean nation-state groups that weaponized the flaw to strike U.S. based organizations spanning news media, IT, cryptocurrency, and fintech industries.\n\nGoogle Chrome users are highly recommended to update to the latest version 99.0.4844.84 for Windows, Mac, and Linux to mitigate any potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-26T02:11:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Issues Urgent Chrome Update to Patch Actively Exploited Zero-Day Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-26T02:11:38", "id": "THN:EC6517AAC0BD5D8BBC4C4D32420CA903", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:39:28", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpjCuGD4WXaNN6nxKO5EalNHXrEO1r2PgkwQYS5Z4fg1J1iNhNuSZu4tqOM6Ohl9vpp6QyHLYCS9rWACrVbbaIJUPQ9rTXrZPXmPG7SMzGybYouS2Gy54kBSr90hQqQD0npkDgUM7qiCLvQEpG86SHqny5-bN6yTHLRxPBtls52iaOhN5Ui-sM9RZ4/s728-e100/chrome-extensions.jpg>)\n\nGoogle on Thursday shipped emergency patches to address two security issues in its Chrome web browser, one of which it says is being actively exploited in the wild.\n\nTracked as [CVE-2022-1364](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_14.html>), the tech giant described the high-severity bug as a case of type confusion in the V8 JavaScript engine. Cl\u00e9ment Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group has been credited with reporting the flaw on April 13, 2022.\n\nAs is typically the case with actively exploited zero-day flaws, the company acknowledged it's \"aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1364 exists in the wild.\" Additional details about the flaw and the identity of the threat actors have been withheld to prevent further abuse.\n\nWith the latest fix, Google has patched a total of three zero-day vulnerabilities in Chrome since the start of the year. It's also the second type confusion-related bug in V8 to be squashed in less than a month -\n\n * [CVE-2022-0609](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [CVE-2022-1096](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6B83ZXigpC9fguwiLwmsTF6j73zc5NEtpSNiGfAAl-clSHcXVa31RbaQfOCfKesHRCqidahWfYEq_lTb6Wo-qPTz15of2-8gP75by67zdsyHfHawMXYaPWSZQLF1KIVi7jyn0uf4bWxBN0j73AHcGrmJOkXRdboYNb6jCKG2veHy3dPK8riejHmuo/s728-e100/chrome-update.jpg>)\n\nUsers are recommended to update to version 100.0.4896.127 for Windows, macOS, and Linux to thwart potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-04-15T03:25:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Releases Urgent Chrome Update to Patch Actively Exploited Zero-Day Flaw", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364"], "modified": "2022-04-18T03:04:38", "id": "THN:E48AEFF468AB8445D91A32B6F5D7A770", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-05T16:25:13", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPIpWOjahlvRij54ICh2NyDdEkKI9koTk4lx8UXqPG1hBOVokLO1jZE7QvnnAHX4fw21sdwK34cVKndChvGxTI0QScuSjwYGvpLSpuK9FSFbuXtXzoaxwm6I78OZwM-uyBKf7_r18ShybiBxFrmBcIKJ7pAD2BPSMaEVwJzpBkK1kNSbrrtJ6AmkPk/s728-e100/chrome-update.jpg>)\n\nGoogle on Monday shipped security updates to address a high-severity zero-day vulnerability in its Chrome web browser that it said is being exploited in the wild.\n\nThe shortcoming, tracked as [**CVE-2022-2294**](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html>), relates to a heap overflow flaw in the [WebRTC](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC>) component that provides real-time audio and video communication capabilities in browsers without the need to install plugins or download native apps.\n\nHeap buffer overflows, also referred to as heap overrun or heap smashing, occur when data is overwritten in the [heap area of the memory](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_management#Manual_memory_management>), leading to arbitrary code execution or a denial-of-service (DoS) condition.\n\n\"Heap-based overflows can be used to overwrite function pointers that may be living in memory, pointing it to the attacker's code,\" MITRE [explains](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/122.html>). \"When the consequence is arbitrary code execution, this can often be used to subvert any other security service.\"\n\nCredited with reporting the flaw on July 1, 2022, is Jan Vojtesek from the Avast Threat Intelligence team. It's worth pointing out that the bug also [impacts](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/07/chrome-for-android-update.html>) the Android version of Chrome.\n\nAs is usually the case with zero-day exploitation, details pertaining to the flaw as well as other specifics related to the campaign have been withheld to prevent further abuse in the wild and until a significant chunk of users are updated with a fix.\n\nCVE-2022-2294 also marks the resolution of the fourth zero-day vulnerability in Chrome since the start of the year -\n\n * [**CVE-2022-0609**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-1364**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n\nUsers are recommended to update to version 103.0.5060.114 for Windows, macOS, and Linux and 103.0.5060.71 for Android to mitigate potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\nThe disclosure shortly follows a report from Google Project Zero, which [noted](<https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2022/06/2022-0-day-in-wild-exploitationso-far.html>) that a total of 18 security vulnerabilities have been exploited as unpatched zero-days in the wild so far this year.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-05T02:55:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Update Google Chrome Browser to Patch New Zero-Day Exploit Detected in the Wild", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294"], "modified": "2022-07-05T13:54:52", "id": "THN:2E90A09BA23747C57B4B5C9ED7D13ED9", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-17T15:25:34", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3_bb3VbAiNI0HLVud2PvXV4VExBpknt5lLSc3IAtymjftt7sn5yG-gY7yWqZ7D13YpvQEhW_EH4K62wzm6dC_qDTQQokydIY0LHI2Ivvv6v5ShPJk8fOOoh0yQrASsDwCREknRK5SCrggAETbG4yY7w0t3uG53Dnpf3ckvBXKygsIpNHrnmHDrimR/s728-e100/chrome.png>)\n\nGoogle on Tuesday rolled out patches for Chrome browser for desktops to contain an actively exploited high-severity zero-day flaw in the wild.\n\nTracked as **CVE-2022-2856**, the issue has been described as a case of insufficient validation of untrusted input in [Intents](<https://www.chromium.org/developers/web-intents-in-chrome/>). Security researchers Ashley Shen and Christian Resell of Google Threat Analysis Group have been credited with reporting the flaw on July 19, 2022.\n\nAs is typically the case, the tech giant has refrained from sharing additional specifics about the shortcoming until a majority of the users are updated. \"Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-2856 exists in the wild,\" it [acknowledged](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_16.html>) in a terse statement.\n\nThe latest update further addresses 10 other security flaws, most of which relate to use-after-free bugs in various components such as FedCM, SwiftShader, ANGLE, and Blink, among others. Also fixed is a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in Downloads.\n\nThe development marks the fifth zero-day vulnerability in Chrome that Google has resolved since the start of the year -\n\n * [**CVE-2022-0609**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-1364**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-2294**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC\n\nUsers are recommended to update to version 104.0.5112.101 for macOS and Linux and 104.0.5112.102/101 for Windows to mitigate potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-08-17T12:02:00", "type": "thn", "title": "New Google Chrome Zero-Day Vulnerability Being Exploited in the Wild", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856"], "modified": "2022-08-17T13:41:27", "id": "THN:EDC4E93542AFAF751E67BF527C826DA4", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/08/new-google-chrome-zero-day.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-09-06T06:03:15", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU5EpzvY9cLJdxPDYZpGhcMcZv4NWQKy-E_SphleQYJBz0-RK17I0vcuTEA4Y7j4FLYJZoocDlfvBAGQ9PLUcM-tSqm41GrfaPqhrzTyHbGiRLa0OW_IOvDb-6EfqX7V_LIzm1t5P_xj2by6ZVqAFz5d_bJ42p_faEgP_-St1X8fjuiAh0iW2Ak_Om/s728-e100/chrome-update.jpg>)\n\nGoogle on Friday shipped emergency fixes to address a security vulnerability in the Chrome web browser that it said is being actively exploited in the wild.\n\nThe issue, assigned the identifier **CVE-2022-3075**, concerns a case of insufficient data validation in [Mojo](<https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/HEAD/mojo/README.md>), which refers to a collection of runtime libraries that provide a platform-agnostic mechanism for inter-process communication (IPC).\n\nAn anonymous researcher has been credited with reporting the high-severity flaw on August 30, 2022.\n\n\"Google is aware of reports that an exploit for CVE-2022-3075 exists in the wild,\" the internet giant [said](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html>), without delving into additional specifics about the nature of the attacks to prevent additional threat actors from taking advantage of the flaw.\n\nThe latest update makes it the sixth zero-day vulnerability in Chrome that Google has resolved since the start of the year -\n\n * [CVE-2022-0609](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [CVE-2022-1096](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [CVE-2022-1364](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [CVE-2022-2294](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC\n * [CVE-2022-2856](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/08/new-google-chrome-zero-day.html>) \\- Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 105.0.5195.102 for Windows, macOS, and Linux to mitigate potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-09-03T03:56:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Releases Urgent Chrome Update to Patch New Zero-Day Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075"], "modified": "2022-09-06T04:20:05", "id": "THN:0ADE883013E260B4548F6E16D65487D3", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/09/google-release-urgent-chrome-update-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-10-28T12:06:14", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhv36XpOZ1dAQAOtoI2FJrLTIwbrZmkU8pIotJv8smSt1yHSR5Sbs9DtPNusAAMvajmGc-st695EsqO3w1aNTpm9vxASuSHCLI61DemGb3LaAMW7MDDLo4j30s4iE1DZr2UeTpkEHlUc-WwTo0zqCxLNMlSHPLCRNEDT4wpaWQjgJMl3KhUpK7MKa2Z/s728-e100/chrome-zero-day-vulnerability.jpg>)\n\nGoogle on Thursday rolled out emergency fixes to contain an actively exploited zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser.\n\nThe [vulnerability](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_27.html>), tracked as **CVE-2022-3723**, has been described as a type confusion flaw in the V8 JavaScript engine.\n\nSecurity researchers Jan Vojt\u011b\u0161ek, Mil\u00e1nek, and Przemek Gmerek of Avast have been credited with reporting the flaw on October 25, 2022.\n\n\"Google is aware of reports that an exploit for CVE-2022-3723 exists in the wild,\" the internet giant acknowledged in an advisory without getting into more specifics about the nature of the attacks.\n\nCVE-2022-3723 is the third actively exploited type confusion bug in V8 this year after [CVE-2022-1096](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) and [CVE-2022-1364](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>).\n\nThe latest fix also marks the resolution of the seventh zero-day in Google Chrome since the start of 2022 -\n\n * [**CVE-2022-0609**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-1364**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-2294**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC\n * [**CVE-2022-2856**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/08/new-google-chrome-zero-day.html>) \\- Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents\n * [**CVE-2022-3075**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/09/google-release-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Insufficient data validation in Mojo\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 107.0.5304.87 for macOS and Linux and 107.0.5304.87/.88 for Windows to mitigate potential threats.\n\nUsers of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-10-28T10:40:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Issues Urgent Chrome Update to Patch Actively Exploited Zero-Day Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075", "CVE-2022-3723"], "modified": "2022-10-28T10:58:12", "id": "THN:222F7713CA968509F8C385BA29B0B6A5", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/10/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2023-04-17T06:59:37", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1CUbcQScbnTemjH3z-9z7l3lye-ZJqruEuNRoONKxyXz0UkWl_skXsdzuxg5Cyw6VemvnadXx5JVa-UgtYCu3ALMbFcng4yzhHI3pVtvVU9eqkmGx2H7nPIMkGapwSvVPx5HY2ASP51LVelcKSJzC0nGN6Hzq-5upm_ZDqq02Ljx_s0wB8inyj242/s728-e365/google-chrome.png>)\n\nGoogle on Friday released out-of-band updates to resolve an actively exploited zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser, making it the first such bug to be addressed since the start of the year.\n\nTracked as **CVE-2023-2033**, the high-severity vulnerability has been described as a [type confusion issue](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/843.html>) in the V8 JavaScript engine. Clement Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been credited with reporting the issue on April 11, 2023.\n\n\"Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 112.0.5615.121 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page,\" [according](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2033>) to the NIST's National Vulnerability Database (NVD).\n\nThe tech giant [acknowledged](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2023/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_14.html>) that \"an exploit for CVE-2023-2033 exists in the wild,\" but stopped short of sharing additional technical specifics or indicators of compromise (IoCs) to prevent further exploitation by threat actors.\n\nCVE-2023-2033 also appears to share similarities with [CVE-2022-1096](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>), [CVE-2022-1364](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>), [CVE-2022-3723](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/10/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>), and [CVE-2022-4262](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/12/google-rolls-out-new-chrome-browser.html>) \u2013 four other actively abused type confusion flaws in V8 that were remediated by Google in 2022.\n\nGoogle closed out a total of nine zero-days in Chrome last year. The development comes days after Citizen Lab and Microsoft [disclosed](<https://thehackernews.com/2023/04/israel-based-spyware-firm-quadream.html>) the exploitation of a now-patched flaw in Apple iOS by customers of a shadowy spyware vendor named QuaDream to target journalists, political opposition figures, and an NGO worker in 2021.\n\nIt also comes within a week of Apple releasing updates to patch two actively exploited zero-day vulnerabilities ([CVE-2023-28205 and CVE-2023-28206](<https://thehackernews.com/2023/04/apple-releases-updates-to-address-zero.html>)) in iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and Safari web browser that could lead to arbitrary code execution.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 112.0.5615.121 for Windows, macOS, and Linux to mitigate potential threats. Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow us on [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2023-04-15T03:58:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Releases Urgent Chrome Update to Fix Actively Exploited Zero-Day Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-3723", "CVE-2022-4262", "CVE-2023-2033", "CVE-2023-28205", "CVE-2023-28206"], "modified": "2023-04-17T06:21:11", "id": "THN:CDFC216AC6B26D35C38BDB32822B4E96", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2023/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-11-26T04:08:15", "description": "[ ](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikPLibtmTn8N2H14UEsCbQi0mXDkp7d4sxfUThlf9SHApnBVQaXlzTa5_Y_GROcH_HN9A8cDTE0iaRtCHiFqthOucxRIZyrjEzXxqkiX0DQPciOOULFnJ0I4aob50-m5id5elUHNKFtdF-5Ep-jdQVcYtFgUVENLsQkZIYWjXsuoDDYF_UBh0lc0o2/s728-e100/chrome-update.png>)\n\nGoogle on Thursday released software updates to address yet another zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser.\n\nTracked as **CVE-2022-4135**, the high-severity vulnerability has been described as a heap buffer overflow in the GPU component. Clement Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been credited with reporting the flaw on November 22, 2022.\n\nHeap-based buffer overflow bugs can be [weaponized](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/122.html>) by threat actors to crash a program or execute arbitrary code, leading to unintended behavior.\n\n\"Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-4135 exists in the wild,\" the tech giant [acknowledged](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/11/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_24.html>) in an advisory.\n\nBut like other actively exploited issues, technical specifics have been withheld until a majority of the users are updated with a fix and to prevent further abuse.\n\nWith the latest update, Google has resolved eight zero-day vulnerabilities in Chrome since the start of the year -\n\n * [**CVE-2022-0609**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-1364**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-2294**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC\n * [**CVE-2022-2856**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/08/new-google-chrome-zero-day.html>) \\- Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents\n * [**CVE-2022-3075**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/09/google-release-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Insufficient data validation in Mojo\n * [**CVE-2022-3723**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/10/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 107.0.5304.121 for macOS and Linux and 107.0.5304.121/.122 for Windows to mitigate potential threats.\n\nUsers of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-11-25T13:12:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Update Chrome Browser Now to Patch New Actively Exploited Zero-Day Flaw", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075", "CVE-2022-3723", "CVE-2022-4135"], "modified": "2022-11-26T04:07:40", "id": "THN:FFFF05ECDE44C9ED26B53D328B60689B", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/11/update-chrome-browser-now-to-patch-new.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-12-05T06:08:51", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3-1t-O1Y4Oqvj24RGfItVIc7r4d1BOuWfRH4xG5ilh6GX83VydcDH0Fs1xqW5JUvFrpLzvA9ifqmf2lHts3lgA5VStlmb7c1Msk0yFUv5qzEgEjiU3_EPqVJlK4Z6uzMUFoKmnDAHWtOXsYNv7vEG8yG9H-NwH46z-Z7nAKiihKDF7bzl_Y20QXxS/s728-e100/chrome.png>)\n\nSearch giant Google on Friday released an out-of-band security update to fix a new actively exploited zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser.\n\nThe high-severity flaw, tracked as [CVE-2022-4262](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html>), concerns a type confusion bug in the V8 JavaScript engine. Clement Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been credited with reporting the issue on November 29, 2022.\n\nType confusion vulnerabilities could be weaponized by threat actors to perform out-of-bounds memory access, or lead to a crash and arbitrary code execution.\n\nAccording to the NIST's National Vulnerability Database, the flaw [permits](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4262>) a \"remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.\"\n\nGoogle acknowledged active exploitation of the vulnerability but stopped short of sharing additional specifics to prevent further abuse.\n\nCVE-2022-4262 is the fourth actively exploited type confusion flaw in Chrome that Google has addressed since the start of the year. It's also the ninth zero-day flaw attackers have exploited in the wild in 2022 -\n\n * [**CVE-2022-0609**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/02/new-chrome-0-day-bug-under-active.html>) \\- Use-after-free in Animation\n * [**CVE-2022-1096**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-1364**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/google-releases-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-2294**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/update-google-chrome-browser-to-patch.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC\n * [**CVE-2022-2856**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/08/new-google-chrome-zero-day.html>) \\- Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents\n * [**CVE-2022-3075**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/09/google-release-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Insufficient data validation in Mojo\n * [**CVE-2022-3723**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/10/google-issues-urgent-chrome-update-to.html>) \\- Type confusion in V8\n * [**CVE-2022-4135**](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/11/update-chrome-browser-now-to-patch-new.html>) \\- Heap buffer overflow in GPU\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 108.0.5359.94 for macOS and Linux and 108.0.5359.94/.95 for Windows to mitigate potential threats.\n\nUsers of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow us on [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-12-03T04:41:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Google Rolls Out New Chrome Browser Update to Patch Yet Another Zero-Day Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075", "CVE-2022-3723", "CVE-2022-4135", "CVE-2022-4262"], "modified": "2022-12-05T04:33:44", "id": "THN:2FB8A3C1E526D1FFA1477D35F0F70BF4", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/12/google-rolls-out-new-chrome-browser.html", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "qt": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T20:10:27", "description": "Google has recently reported that Chromium has a security issue - Type confusion in the V8 JavaScript engine - which is reported in a bit more detail here: https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html. This has been assigned the CVE id CVE-2022-1096. \n \nThis effects QtWebEngine as well since it is using Chromium to provide that functionality. Therefore as a result Qt needs to be patched as well to fix this problem. There is no workaround for this so the only solution is to apply the patch. \n \nSolution: Apply the patch or update to Qt 5.15.9, Qt 6.2.5 or Qt 6.3.0.\n\nPatches:\n\nQt 6.3: <https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.3/CVE-2022-1096-qtwebengine-6.3.diff> \nQt 6.2: <https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.2/CVE-2022-1096-qtwebengine-6.2.diff> \nQt 5.15: <https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.15/CVE-2022-1096-qtwebengine-5.15.diff>\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-04-04T00:00:00", "type": "qt", "title": "Security advisory: Recently reported Chromium \"Type confusion\" issue impacts Qt WebEngine", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2023-43114"], "modified": "2022-04-04T00:00:00", "id": "QT:B64AD93E56170FC29816162A7B78DDBC", "href": "https://www.qt.io/blog/security-advisory-recently-reported-chromium-impacts-qtwebengine", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "packetstorm": [{"lastseen": "2022-06-20T04:43:33", "description": "", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2022-06-20T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "Chrome CVE-2022-1096 Incomplete Fix", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1232"], "modified": "2022-06-20T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:167516", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167516/Chrome-CVE-2022-1096-Incomplete-Fix.html", "sourceData": "`Chrome: Incomplete fix for CVE-2022-1096 \n \nVULNERABILITY DETAILS \nThe fix for https://crbug.com/1309225 has modified `SetPropertyInternal()` to fall back to `SetSuperProperty()` whenever a property access interceptor is encountered because `SetSuperProperty()` is robust against possible side effects caused by interceptors. \n \nUnfortunately, the function `JSObject::DefineOwnPropertyIgnoreAttributes()` is also affected by the bug and requires the same change. \n \n \nVERSION \nGoogle Chrome 100.0.4896.60 (Official Build) (arm64) \nChromium 102.0.4972.0 (Developer Build) (64-bit) \n \n \nREPRODUCTION CASE \nTo make the exploit functional again, the attacker only needs to replace one property store with an `Object.defineProperty()` call: \n \n``` \n<script> \nstyle = document.createElement('p').style; \nObject.defineProperty(style, 'prop', { \nvalue: { toString() { style.prop = 1 } } \n}); \n</script> \n``` \n \nThe repro case above triggers the same DCHECK failure: \n \n``` \n# \n# Fatal error in ../../v8/src/objects/map.cc, line 437 \n# Debug check failed: map->instance_descriptors(isolate) .Search(*name, map->NumberOfOwnDescriptors()) .is_not_found(). \n# \n``` \n \nCREDIT INFORMATION \nSergei Glazunov of Google Project Zero \n \n \nThis bug is subject to a 90-day disclosure deadline. If a fix for this \nissue is made available to users before the end of the 90-day deadline, \nthis bug report will become public 30 days after the fix was made \navailable. Otherwise, this bug report will become public at the deadline. \nThe scheduled deadline is 2022-06-28. \n \n \nRelated CVE Numbers: CVE-2022-1232,CVE-2022-1096. \n \n \n \nFound by: glazunov@google.com \n \n`\n", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}, "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/167516/GS20220620005024.txt"}], "suse": [{"lastseen": "2022-11-06T10:39:22", "description": "An update that fixes three vulnerabilities, contains two\n features is now available.\n\nDescription:\n\n This update for apache2 fixes the following issues:\n\n Apache2 was updated to the current stable version 2.4.51 (jsc#SLE-22733\n jsc#SLE-22849)\n\n It fixes all CVEs and selected bugs represented by patches found between\n 2.4.23 and 2.4.51.\n\n See https://downloads.apache.org/httpd/CHANGES_2.4 for a complete change\n log.\n\n Also fixed:\n\n - CVE-2021-44224: Fixed NULL dereference or SSRF in forward proxy\n configurations (bsc#1193943)\n - CVE-2021-44790: Fixed buffer overflow when parsing multipart content in\n mod_lua (bsc#1193942)\n\n\nPatch Instructions:\n\n To install this openSUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods\n like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n\n Alternatively you can run the command listed for your product:\n\n - openSUSE Leap 15.3:\n\n zypper in -t patch openSUSE-SLE-15.3-2022-91=1\n\n - openSUSE Backports SLE-15-SP3:\n\n zypper in -t patch openSUSE-2022-91=1", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-28T00:00:00", "type": "suse", "title": "Security update for apache2 (important)", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 7.5, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-44224", "CVE-2021-44790", "CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-28T00:00:00", "id": "OPENSUSE-SU-2022:0091-1", "href": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/GAGXJ7UEPQFKOBDHSFXWEUQD3IJIQ2SD/", "cvss": {"score": 7.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-11-06T17:58:07", "description": "An update that fixes 22 vulnerabilities is now available.\n\nDescription:\n\n This update for opera fixes the following issues:\n\n Opera was updated to 85.0.4341.28\n\n - CHR-8816 Update chromium on desktop-stable-99-4341 to 99.0.4844.84\n - DNA-98092 Crash at views::MenuItemView::GetMenuController()\n - DNA-98278 Translations for O85\n - DNA-98320 [Mac] Unable to delete recent search entries\n - DNA-98614 Show recent searches for non-BABE users\n - DNA-98615 Allow removal of recent searches\n - DNA-98616 Add recent searches to \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdold\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd BABE\n - DNA-98617 Make it possible to disable ad-blocker per-country\n - DNA-98651 Remove Instagram and Facebook Messenger in Russia\n - DNA-98653 Add flag #recent-searches\n - DNA-98696 smoketest\n PageInfoHistoryDataSourceTest.FormatTimestampString failing\n - DNA-98703 Port Chromium issue 1309225 to Opera Stable\n\n - The update to chromium 99.0.4844.84 fixes following issues: CVE-2022-1096\n\n - Changes in 85.0.4341.18\n\n - CHR-8789 Update chromium on desktop-stable-99-4341 to 99.0.4844.51\n - DNA-98059 [Linux] Crash at\n opera::FreedomSettingsImpl::IsBypassForDotlessDomainsEnabled\n - DNA-98349 [Linux] Crash at bluez::BluezDBusManager::Get()\n - DNA-98126 System crash dialog shown on macOS <= 10.15\n - DNA-98331 [Snap] Meme generator cropping / resizing broken\n - DNA-98394 Audio tab indicator set to \"muted\" on videoconferencing sites\n - DNA-98481 Report errors in opauto_collector\n\n - The update to chromium 99.0.4844.51 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0789, CVE-2022-0790, CVE-2022-0791, CVE-2022-0792,\n CVE-2022-0793, CVE-2022-0794, CVE-2022-0795, CVE-2022-0796,\n CVE-2022-0797, CVE-2022-0798, CVE-2022-0799, CVE-2022-0800,\n CVE-2022-0801, CVE-2022-0802, CVE-2022-0803, CVE-2022-0804,\n CVE-2022-0805, CVE-2022-0806, CVE-2022-0807, CVE-2022-0808, CVE-2022-0809\n\n - Changes in 85.0.4341.13\n\n - DNA-94119 Upgrade curl to 7.81.0\n - DNA-97849 [Mac monterey] System shortcut interfere with Opera\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds\n `ToggleSearchInOpenTabs` shortcut\n - DNA-98204 Automatic popout happens when video is paused\n - DNA-98231 Shortcuts are blocked by displayed tab tooltip when\n triggered quickly after tooltip appears\n - DNA-98321 Add thinlto-cache warnings to suppression list\n - DNA-98395 Promote O85 to stable\n\n - Complete Opera 85.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-85/\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.42\n\n - DNA-94119 Upgrade curl to 7.81.0\n - DNA-98092 Crash at views::MenuItemView::GetMenuController()\n - DNA-98204 Automatic popout happens when video is paused\n - DNA-98231 Shortcuts are blocked by displayed tab tooltip when\n triggered quickly after tooltip appears\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.31\n\n - CHR-8772 Update chromium on desktop-stable-98-4316 to 98.0.4758.109\n - DNA-97573 [Win][Lin]\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdClose tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button is not displayed on tabs\n playing media when many tabs are open\n - DNA-97729 cancelling the process uploading custom Wallpaper crashes\n the browser\n - DNA-97871 Google meet tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds icons don\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt fit on pinned tab\n - DNA-97872 Tab is being unpinned when video conferencing button is\n clicked\n - DNA-98039 Dark theme top sites have black background\n - DNA-98117 Clicking current tab information should hide tooltip\n\n\nPatch Instructions:\n\n To install this openSUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods\n like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n\n Alternatively you can run the command listed for your product:\n\n - openSUSE Leap 15.3:NonFree:\n\n zypper in -t patch openSUSE-2022-103=1", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-04-04T00:00:00", "type": "suse", "title": "Security update for opera (important)", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0789", "CVE-2022-0790", "CVE-2022-0791", "CVE-2022-0792", "CVE-2022-0793", "CVE-2022-0794", "CVE-2022-0795", "CVE-2022-0796", "CVE-2022-0797", "CVE-2022-0798", "CVE-2022-0799", "CVE-2022-0800", "CVE-2022-0801", "CVE-2022-0802", "CVE-2022-0803", "CVE-2022-0804", "CVE-2022-0805", "CVE-2022-0806", "CVE-2022-0807", "CVE-2022-0808", "CVE-2022-0809", "CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-04-04T00:00:00", "id": "OPENSUSE-SU-2022:0103-1", "href": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/4ITLKQDHCBVY73BXRDDHU7JJZJG7TVNG/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-11-06T17:58:07", "description": "An update that fixes 241 vulnerabilities is now available.\n\nDescription:\n\n This update for opera fixes the following issues:\n\n Update to 85.0.4341.28\n\n - CHR-8816 Update chromium on desktop-stable-99-4341 to 99.0.4844.84\n - DNA-98092 Crash at views::MenuItemView::GetMenuController()\n - DNA-98278 Translations for O85\n - DNA-98320 [Mac] Unable to delete recent search entries\n - DNA-98614 Show recent searches for non-BABE users\n - DNA-98615 Allow removal of recent searches\n - DNA-98616 Add recent searches to \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdold\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd BABE\n - DNA-98617 Make it possible to disable ad-blocker per-country\n - DNA-98651 Remove Instagram and Facebook Messenger in Russia\n - DNA-98653 Add flag #recent-searches\n - DNA-98696 smoketest\n PageInfoHistoryDataSourceTest.FormatTimestampString failing\n - DNA-98703 Port Chromium issue 1309225 to Opera Stable\n\n - The update to chromium 99.0.4844.84 fixes following issues: CVE-2022-1096\n - Changes in 85.0.4341.18\n\n - CHR-8789 Update chromium on desktop-stable-99-4341 to 99.0.4844.51\n - DNA-98059 [Linux] Crash at\n opera::FreedomSettingsImpl::IsBypassForDotlessDomainsEnabled\n - DNA-98349 [Linux] Crash at bluez::BluezDBusManager::Get()\n - DNA-98126 System crash dialog shown on macOS <= 10.15\n - DNA-98331 [Snap] Meme generator cropping / resizing broken\n - DNA-98394 Audio tab indicator set to \"muted\" on videoconferencing sites\n - DNA-98481 Report errors in opauto_collector\n - The update to chromium 99.0.4844.51 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0789, CVE-2022-0790, CVE-2022-0791, CVE-2022-0792,\n CVE-2022-0793, CVE-2022-0794, CVE-2022-0795, CVE-2022-0796,\n CVE-2022-0797, CVE-2022-0798, CVE-2022-0799, CVE-2022-0800,\n CVE-2022-0801, CVE-2022-0802, CVE-2022-0803, CVE-2022-0804,\n CVE-2022-0805, CVE-2022-0806, CVE-2022-0807, CVE-2022-0808, CVE-2022-0809\n\n - Changes in 85.0.4341.13\n\n - DNA-94119 Upgrade curl to 7.81.0\n - DNA-97849 [Mac monterey] System shortcut interfere with Opera\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds\n `ToggleSearchInOpenTabs` shortcut\n - DNA-98204 Automatic popout happens when video is paused\n - DNA-98231 Shortcuts are blocked by displayed tab tooltip when\n triggered quickly after tooltip appears\n - DNA-98321 Add thinlto-cache warnings to suppression list\n - DNA-98395 Promote O85 to stable\n\n - Complete Opera 85.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-85/\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.42\n\n - DNA-94119 Upgrade curl to 7.81.0\n - DNA-98092 Crash at views::MenuItemView::GetMenuController()\n - DNA-98204 Automatic popout happens when video is paused\n - DNA-98231 Shortcuts are blocked by displayed tab tooltip when\n triggered quickly after tooltip appears\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.31\n - CHR-8772 Update chromium on desktop-stable-98-4316 to 98.0.4758.109\n - DNA-97573 [Win][Lin]\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdClose tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button is not displayed on tabs\n playing media when many tabs are open\n - DNA-97729 cancelling the process uploading custom Wallpaper crashes\n the browser\n - DNA-97871 Google meet tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds icons don\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt fit on pinned tab\n - DNA-97872 Tab is being unpinned when video conferencing button is\n clicked\n - DNA-98039 Dark theme top sites have black background\n - DNA-98117 Clicking current tab information should hide tooltip\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.21\n - CHR-8762 Update chromium on desktop-stable-98-4316 to 98.0.4758.102\n - DNA-97333 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdAdd a site\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd label on start page tile barely visible\n - DNA-97691 Opera 84 translations\n - DNA-97767 Wrong string in FR\n - DNA-97855 Crash at ScopedProfileKeepAlive::~ScopedProfileKeepAlive()\n - DNA-97982 Enable #snap-upstream-implementation on all streams\n - The update to chromium 98.0.4758.102 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0603, CVE-2022-0604, CVE-2022-0605, CVE-2022-0606,\n CVE-2022-0607, CVE-2022-0608, CVE-2022-0609, CVE-2022-0610\n\n - Update to 84.0.4316.14\n - CHR-8753 Update chromium on desktop-stable-98-4316 to 98.0.4758.82\n - DNA-97177 Battery saver \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd the icon looks bad for DPI!=100%\n - DNA-97614 automatic video pop-out for most popular websites\n broadcasting Winter Olympic Games 2022\n - DNA-97804 Promote O84 to stable\n - The update to chromium 98.0.4758.82 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0452, CVE-2022-0453, CVE-2022-0454, CVE-2022-0455,\n CVE-2022-0456, CVE-2022-0457, CVE-2022-0458, CVE-2022-0459,\n CVE-2022-0460, CVE-2022-0461, CVE-2022-0462, CVE-2022-0463,\n CVE-2022-0464, CVE-2022-0465, CVE-2022-0466, CVE-2022-0467,\n CVE-2022-0468, CVE-2022-0469, CVE-2022-0470\n - Complete Opera 84.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-84/\n\n - Update to 83.0.4254.54\n - DNA-96581 Fast tab tooltip doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt always show related sites with\n scrollable tab strip\n - DNA-96608 Cannot drag a tab to create a new window\n - DNA-96657 Do not make tab tooltip hoverable if there\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds no list of\n tabs\n - DNA-97291 Crash at\n opera::flow::FlowSessionImpl::RegisterDevice(base::OnceCallback)\n - DNA-97468 Incorrect number of restored tabs when video-popout is\n detached\n - DNA-97476 Add retry to stapling during signing\n - DNA-97609 Failing MetricsReporterTest.TimeSpent* smoketests\n\n - Update to 83.0.4254.27\n - CHR-8737 Update chromium on desktop-stable-97-4254 to 97.0.4692.99\n - DNA-96336 [Mac] Translate new network installer slogan\n - DNA-96678 Add battery level monitoring capability to powerSavePrivate\n - DNA-96939 Crash at\n opera::ExternalVideoService::MarkAsManuallyClosed()\n - DNA-97276 Enable #static-tab-audio-indicator on all streams\n - The update to chromium 97.0.4692.99 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0289, CVE-2022-0290, CVE-2022-0291, CVE-2022-0292,\n CVE-2022-0293, CVE-2022-0294, CVE-2022-0295, CVE-2022-0296,\n CVE-2022-0297, CVE-2022-0298, CVE-2022-0300, CVE-2022-0301,\n CVE-2022-0302, CVE-2022-0304, CVE-2022-0305, CVE-2022-0306,\n CVE-2022-0307, CVE-2022-0308, CVE-2022-0309, CVE-2022-0310, CVE-2022-0311\n\n - Update to 83.0.4254.19\n - DNA-96079 Turn on #automatic-video-popout on developer\n - DNA-97070 Opera 83 translations\n - DNA-97119 [LastCard] Stop showing used burner cards\n - DNA-97131 Enable automatic-video-popout on all streams from O84 on\n - DNA-97257 Crash at views::ImageButton::SetMinimumImageSize(gfx::Size\n const&)\n - DNA-97259 Promote O83 to stable\n - Complete Opera 83.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-83/\n - Update to 83.0.4254.16\n - DNA-96968 Fix alignment of the 'Advanced' button in Settings\n - Update to 83.0.4254.14\n - CHR-8701 Update chromium on desktop-stable-97-4254 to 97.0.4692.45\n - CHR-8713 Update chromium on desktop-stable-97-4254 to 97.0.4692.56\n - CHR-8723 Update chromium on desktop-stable-97-4254 to 97.0.4692.71\n - DNA-96780 Crash at\n ui::NativeTheme::RemoveObserver(ui::NativeThemeObserver*)\n - DNA-96822 Tab close resize behavior change\n - DNA-96861 Create Loomi Options menu\n - DNA-96904 Support Win11 snap layout popup\n - DNA-96951 Tab close animation broken\n - DNA-96991 Tab X button doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work correctly\n - DNA-97027 Incorrect tab size after tab close\n - The update to chromium 97.0.4692.71 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2022-0096, CVE-2022-0097, CVE-2022-0098, CVE-2022-0099,\n CVE-2022-0100, CVE-2022-0101, CVE-2022-0102, CVE-2022-0103,\n CVE-2022-0104, CVE-2022-0105, CVE-2022-0105, CVE-2022-0106,\n CVE-2022-0107, CVE-2022-0108, CVE-2022-0109, CVE-2022-0110,\n CVE-2022-0111, CVE-2022-0111, CVE-2022-0112, CVE-2022-0113,\n CVE-2022-0114, CVE-2022-0115, CVE-2022-0116, CVE-2022-0117,\n CVE-2022-0118, CVE-2022-0120\n\n - Update to version 82.0.4227.58\n - DNA-96780 Crash at\n ui::NativeTheme::RemoveObserver(ui::NativeThemeObserver*)\n - DNA-96890 Settings default browser not working for current user on\n Windows 7\n\n - Update to version 82.0.4227.43\n - CHR-8705 Update chromium on desktop-stable-96-4227 to 96.0.4664.110\n - DNA-93284 Unstable\n obj/opera/desktop/common/installer_rc_generated/installer.res\n - DNA-95908 Interstitial/internal pages shown as NOT SECURE after\n visiting http site\n - DNA-96404 Opera doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt show on main screen when second screen is\n abruptly disconnected\n - The update to chromium 96.0.4664.110 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-4098, CVE-2021-4099, CVE-2021-4100, CVE-2021-4101, CVE-2021-4102\n\n - Update to version 82.0.4227.33\n - CHR-8689 Update chromium on desktop-stable-96-4227 to 96.0.4664.93\n - DNA-96559 Tooltip popup looks bad in dark theme\n - DNA-96570 [Player] Tidal logging in via PLAY doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work\n - DNA-96594 Unnecessary extra space in fullscreen mode on M1 Pro MacBooks\n - DNA-96649 Update Meme button\n - DNA-96676 Add Icon in the Sidebar Setup\n - DNA-96677 Add default URL\n - The update to chromium 96.0.4664.93 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-4052, CVE-2021-4053, CVE-2021-4079, CVE-2021-4054,\n CVE-2021-4078, CVE-2021-4055, CVE-2021-4056, CVE-2021-4057,\n CVE-2021-4058, CVE-2021-4059, CVE-2021-4061, CVE-2021-4062,\n CVE-2021-4063, CVE-2021-4064, CVE-2021-4065, CVE-2021-4066,\n CVE-2021-4067, CVE-2021-4068\n\n - Update to version 82.0.4227.23\n - DNA-95632 With new au-logic UUID is set with delay and may be not set\n for pb-builds (when closing fast)\n - DNA-96349 Laggy tooltip animation\n - DNA-96483 [Snap][Linux] Video not working / wrong ffmpeg snap version\n for Opera 82\n - DNA-96493 Create 'small' enticement in credit card autofill\n - DNA-96533 Opera 82 translations\n - DNA-96535 Make the URL configurable\n - DNA-96553 Add switch to whitelist test pages\n - DNA-96557 Links not opened from panel\n - DNA-96558 AdBlock bloks some trackers inside the panel\n - DNA-96568 [Player] Tidal in sidebar Player opens wrong site when\n logging in\n - DNA-96659 Siteprefs not applied after network service crash\n - DNA-96593 Promote O82 to stable\n - Complete Opera 82.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-82/\n - Update to version 82.0.4227.13\n - CHR-8668 Update chromium on desktop-stable-96-4227 to 96.0.4664.45\n - DNA-76987 [Mac] Update desktop EULA with geolocation split\n - DNA-93388 Problem with symlinks on windows when creating file list\n - DNA-95734 Discarded Recently Closed items get revived after restart\n - DNA-96134 \"Your profile has been updated\" does not disappear\n - DNA-96190 Opera freezes when trying to drag expanded bookmark folder\n with nested subfolders\n - DNA-96223 Easy Files not working in Full Screen\n - DNA-96274 Checkout autofill shouldn't show used burner card\n - DNA-96275 Change the notification message for pausing multi-use cards\n - DNA-96295 \"Video pop out\" setting doesn't sync\n - DNA-96316 Highlight text wrong colour on dark mode\n - DNA-96326 Wrong translation Private Mode > Turkish\n - DNA-96351 macOS window controls are missing in full screen\n - DNA-96440 Update video URL\n - DNA-96448 add option to pin extension via rich hints\n - DNA-96453 Register user-chosen option on client-side, read on hint side\n - DNA-96454 Choosing an option from the settings menu should close the\n popup\n - DNA-96484 Enable AB test for a new autoupdater logic (for 50%)\n - DNA-96500 Add \"don't show me again\" prefs to allowed whitelist\n - DNA-96538 Inline audiocomplete for www.mediaexpert.pl incorrectly\n suggested\n - The update to chromium 96.0.4664.45 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-38005, CVE-2021-38006, CVE-2021-38007, CVE-2021-38008,\n CVE-2021-38009, CVE-2021-38010, CVE-2021-38011, CVE-2021-38012,\n CVE-2021-38013, CVE-2021-38014, CVE-2021-38015, CVE-2021-38016,\n CVE-2021-38017, CVE-2021-38019, CVE-2021-38020, CVE-2021-38021,\n CVE-2021-38022\n\n\n - Update to version 81.0.4196.54\n - CHR-8644 Update chromium on desktop-stable-95-4196 to 95.0.4638.69\n - DNA-95773 ExtensionWebRequestApiTest crashes on mac\n - DNA-96062 Opera 81 translations\n - DNA-96134 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdYour profile has been updated\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd does not disappear\n - DNA-96274 Checkout autofill shouldn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt show used burner card\n - DNA-96275 Change the notification message for pausing multi-use cards\n - DNA-96440 Update video URL\n - The update to chromium 95.0.4638.69 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-37997, CVE-2021-37998, CVE-2021-37999, CVE-2021-37980,\n CVE-2021-38001, CVE-2021-38002, CVE-2021-38003, CVE-2021-38004\n - Update to version 81.0.4196.37\n - DNA-96008 Crash at\n content::WebContentsImpl::OpenURL(content::OpenURLParams const&)\n - DNA-96032 Closing the videoconference pop-up force leaving the meeting\n - DNA-96092 Crash at void\n opera::ModalDialogViews::OnWidgetClosing(opera::ModalDialog::Result)\n - DNA-96142 [Yat] Emoji icon cut off in URL for Yat\n\n - Update to version 81.0.4196.31\n - DNA-95733 Implement the \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdManage\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd menu in card details view\n - DNA-95736 Update UI for paused card\n - DNA-95791 Crash at base::operator<\n - DNA-95794 Sometimes the sidebar UI fails to load\n - DNA-95812 Retrieve cards info when showing autofill\n - DNA-96035 Cannot create virtual card on Sandbox environment\n - DNA-96147 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdBuy\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button does not work\n - DNA-96168 Update contributors list\n - DNA-96211 Enable #fast-tab-tooltip on all streams\n - DNA-96231 Promote O81 to stable\n - Complete Opera 80.1 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-81/\n - Update to version 81.0.4196.27\n - CHR-8623 Update chromium on desktop-stable-95-4196 to 95.0.4638.54\n - DNA-92384 Better segmenting of hint users\n - DNA-95523 Allow sorting in multi-card view\n - DNA-95659 Flow of Lastcard on first login\n - DNA-95735 Implement the button that reveals full card details\n - DNA-95747 Better way to handle expired funding card\n - DNA-95949 [Mac Retina] Clicking active tab should scroll to the top\n - DNA-95993 Update icon used for Yat in address bar dropdown\n - DNA-96021 Cleared download item view is never deleted\n - DNA-96036 Occupation field in 'Account \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd Edit' is shown twice\n - DNA-96127 Upgrade plan button does nothing\n - DNA-96138 \"Add Card\" button does not change to \"Upgrade Plan\" after\n adding card\n - The update to chromium 95.0.4638.54 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-37981, CVE-2021-37982, CVE-2021-37983, CVE-2021-37984,\n CVE-2021-37985, CVE-2021-37986, CVE-2021-37987, CVE-2021-37988,\n CVE-2021-37989, CVE-2021-37990, CVE-2021-37991, CVE-2021-37992,\n CVE-2021-37993, CVE-2021-37994, CVE-2021-37995, CVE-2021-37996\n\n - Update to version 80.0.4170.72\n - DNA-95522 Change card view to show all types of cards\n - DNA-95523 Allow sorting in multi-card view\n - DNA-95524 Allow searching for cards by name\n - DNA-95658 Allow user to add a card\n - DNA-95659 Flow of Lastcard on first login\n - DNA-95660 Implement editing card details\n - DNA-95699 Add card details view\n - DNA-95733 Implement the \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdManage\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd menu in card details view\n - DNA-95735 Implement the button that reveals full card details\n - DNA-95736 Update UI for paused card\n - DNA-95747 Better way to handle expired funding card\n - DNA-95794 Sometimes the sidebar UI fails to load\n - DNA-95812 Retrieve cards info when showing autofill\n - DNA-96036 Occupation field in \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdAccount \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd Edit\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd is shown twice\n - DNA-96127 Upgrade plan button does nothing\n - DNA-96138 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdAdd Card\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button does not change to \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdUpgrade Plan\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\n after adding card\n\n - Update to version 80.0.4170.63\n - CHR-8612 Update chromium on desktop-stable-94-4170 to 94.0.4606.81\n - DNA-95434 Crash at opera::ThemesService::UpdateCurrentTheme()\n - The update to chromium 94.0.4606.81 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-37977, CVE-2021-37978, CVE-2021-37979, CVE-2021-37980\n\n - Update to version 80.0.4170.40\n - CHR-8598 Update chromium on desktop-stable-94-4170 to 94.0.4606.71\n - DNA-95221 Emoji button stuck in address bar\n - DNA-95325 Make y.at navigations to be reported with page_views events\n - DNA-95327 Add \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdEmojis\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd context menu option in address bar field\n - DNA-95339 Add YAT emoji url suggestion to search\ufffd\ufffd dialog\n - DNA-95416 Remove emoji button from address bar\n - DNA-95439 Enable #yat-emoji-addresses on developer stream\n - DNA-95441 [Mac big sur] Emoji are not shown in address bar url\n - DNA-95514 Crash at resource_coordinator::TabLifecycleUnitSource\n ::TabLifecycleUnit::OnLifecycleUnitStateChanged(mojom::\n LifecycleUnitState, mojom::LifecycleUnitStateChangeReason)\n - DNA-95746 Enable #reader-mode everywhere\n - DNA-95865 Numbers are recognized as emojis\n - DNA-95866 Change Yat text in selection popup\n - DNA-95867 Show that buttons are clickable in selection popup\n - The update to chromium 94.0.4606.71 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-37974, CVE-2021-37975, CVE-2021-37976\n\n - Update to version 80.0.4170.16\n - CHR-8590 Update chromium on desktop-stable-94-4170 to 94.0.4606.61\n - DNA-95347 Make InstallerStep::Run async\n - DNA-95420 First suggestion in address field is often not highlighted\n - DNA-95613 Browser closing itself after closing SD/first tab and last\n opened tab\n - DNA-95725 Promote O80 to stable\n - DNA-95781 Import fixes for CVE-2021-37975, CVE-2021-37976 and\n CVE-2021-37974 to desktop-stable-94-4170\n - Complete Opera 80.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-80/\n - Drop Provides/Obsoletes for opera-gtk and opera-kde4\n opera-gtk and opera-kde4 were last used in openSUSE 13.1\n - Drop post/postun for desktop_database_post and icon_theme_cache_post\n because were last used before\n openSUSE 15.0\n\n - Update to version 79.0.4143.72\n - DNA-94933 Add emoji panel to address bar\n - DNA-95210 Add emoji YAT address bar suggestions\n - DNA-95221 Emoji button stuck in address bar\n - DNA-95325 Make y.at navigations to be reported with page_views events\n - DNA-95327 Add \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdEmojis\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd context menu option in address bar field\n - DNA-95339 Add YAT emoji url suggestion to search\ufffd\ufffd dialog\n - DNA-95364 Add browser feature flag\n - DNA-95416 Remove emoji button from address bar\n - DNA-95439 Enable #yat-emoji-addresses on developer stream\n - DNA-95441 [Mac big sur] Emoji are not shown in address bar url\n - DNA-95445 Crash when removing unsynced pinboard bookmark with sync\n enabled\n - DNA-95512 Allow to show title and timer for simple banners\n - DNA-95516 Wrong label in settings for themes\n - DNA-95679 Temporarily disable AB test for a new autoupdater logic\n\n - Update to version 79.0.4143.50\n - CHR-8571 Update chromium on desktop-stable-93-4143 to 93.0.4577.82\n - DNA-94104 ContinueShoppingOnEbayBrowserTest.ShouldDisplayOffers\n TilesStartingWithMostActiveOnes fails\n - DNA-94894 [Rich Hint] Agent API permissions\n - DNA-94989 Wrong color and appearance of subpages in the settings\n - DNA-95241 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdSwitch to tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button is visible only on hover\n - DNA-95286 Add unit tests to pinboard sync related logic in browser\n - DNA-95372 [Mac retina screen] Snapshot doesnt capture cropped area\n - DNA-95526 Some webstore extensions are not verified properly\n - The update to chromium 93.0.4577.82 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30625, CVE-2021-30626, CVE-2021-30627, CVE-2021-30628,\n CVE-2021-30629, CVE-2021-30630, CVE-2021-30631, CVE-2021-30632,\n CVE-2021-30633\n\n - Update to version 79.0.4143.22\n - CHR-8550 Update chromium on desktop-stable-93-4143 to 93.0.4577.58\n - CHR-8557 Update chromium on desktop-stable-93-4143 to 93.0.4577.63\n - DNA-94641 [Linux] Proprietary media codecs not working in snap builds\n - DNA-95076 [Linux] Page crash with media content\n - DNA-95084 [Mac] Cannot quit through menu with snapshot editor open\n - DNA-95138 Add setting to synchronize Pinboards\n - DNA-95157 Crash at -[OperaCrApplication sendEvent:]\n - DNA-95204 Opera 79 translations\n - DNA-95240 The pinboard thumbnail cannot be generated anymore\n - DNA-95278 Existing Pinboards might be missing\n - DNA-95292 Enable #bookmarks-trash-cleaner on all streams\n - DNA-95293 Enable #easy-files-downloads-folder on all streams\n - DNA-95383 Promote O79 to stable\n - Complete Opera 79.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-79/\n - The update to chromium 93.0.4577.58 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30606, CVE-2021-30607, CVE-2021-30608, CVE-2021-30609,\n CVE-2021-30610, CVE-2021-30611, CVE-2021-30612, CVE-2021-30613,\n CVE-2021-30614, CVE-2021-30615, CVE-2021-30616, CVE-2021-30617,\n CVE-2021-30618, CVE-2021-30619, CVE-2021-30620, CVE-2021-30621,\n CVE-2021-30622, CVE-2021-30623, CVE-2021-30624\n\n - Update to version 78.0.4093.184\n - CHR-8533 Update chromium on desktop-stable-92-4093 to 92.0.4515.159\n - DNA-93472 Reattaching to other browsers\n - DNA-93741 Multiple hint slots\n - DNA-93742 Allow displaying unobtrusive external hints\n - DNA-93744 Add slots in toolbar action view\n - DNA-94230 Improve text contrast for Speed Dials\n - DNA-94724 [Mac] Add macOS dark theme wallpaper with easy setup\n - DNA-94786 Crash at base::SupportsUserData:: SetUserData(void const*,\n std::__1::unique_ptr)\n - DNA-94807 Allow scripts access opera version and product info\n - DNA-94862 Continue on shopping Amazon doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work correct\n - DNA-94870 Add an addonsPrivate function to install with permissions\n dialog first\n - DNA-95064 Revert DNA-93714 on stable\n - The update to chromium 92.0.4515.159 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30598, CVE-2021-30599, CVE-2021-30600, CVE-2021-30601,\n CVE-2021-30602, CVE-2021-30603, CVE-2021-30604\n\n\n - Update to version 78.0.4093.147\n - CHR-8251 Update chromium on desktop-stable-92-4093 to 92.0.4515.131\n - DNA-93036 Opera not starting after closing window. Processes still\n working.\n - DNA-94516 Add \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdDetach tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd entry to tab menu\n - DNA-94584 [Mac] Sidebar setup not closed after press \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdAdd\n extensions\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button\n - DNA-94761 Crash when trying to record \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdChrome developer\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd trace\n - DNA-94790 Crash at opera::VideoConferenceTabDetachController::\n OnBrowserAboutToStartClosing(Browser*)\n - The update to chromium 92.0.4515.131 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30590, CVE-2021-30591, CVE-2021-30592, CVE-2021-30593,\n CVE-2021-30594, CVE-2021-30596, CVE-2021-30597\n\n - Update to version 78.0.4093.112\n - DNA-94466 Implement sorting Pinboards in overview\n - DNA-94582 Add access to APIs for showing pinboard icon in sidebar\n - DNA-94603 Suspicious pinboards events\n - DNA-94625 Disable opr.pinboardPrivate.getThumbnail() for local files\n - DNA-94640 Promote O78 to stable\n - DNA-94661 Missing translations for some languages\n - Complete Opera 78.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-78/\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.277\n - CHR-8502 Update chromium on desktop-stable-91-4054 to 91.0.4472.164\n - DNA-94291 Video conference popout doesnt remember its size after\n resizing\n - DNA-94399 Incorrect icon for wp.pl in address bar dropdown\n - DNA-94462 Low quality of default wallpaper on windows\n - The update to chromium 91.0.4472.164 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30541, CVE-2021-30560, CVE-2021-30561, CVE-2021-30562,\n CVE-2021-30563, CVE-2021-30564\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.254\n - DNA-92344 Windows 10 Implementation\n - DNA-92486 Replace \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd icon with \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdsettings\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd icon\n - DNA-92487 Close individual item\n - DNA-92496 Create separate entry in settings for BABE\n - DNA-93275 Implement cycles size according to design\n - DNA-93280 The system theme has only half a checkmark\n - DNA-93728 Whatsapp notification is not refreshed\n - DNA-94047 Remove pinboard WebUI integration\n - DNA-94118 Write test for ThumbnailTabHelper changes in DNA-94100\n - DNA-94120 Fix Welcome popup layout\n - DNA-94140 Crash at base::TaskRunner ::PostTask(base::Location const&,\n base::OnceCallback)\n - DNA-94205 Consider setting pinboard display URL in\n address_field_helper.cc\n - DNA-94211 Easy Files don\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt show thumbnails\n - DNA-94309 Pinboards URLs don\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt get lighter color treatment\n - DNA-94318 Wrong \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdTransparency\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd word translation in Swedish\n - DNA-94321 AB test: google suggestions on top \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd bigger test\n - DNA-94341 Make pinboard popup testable on web page\n - DNA-94381 Disabling Pinboards doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt remove item from menu / sidebar\n - DNA-94392 Add u2f-devices interface to snap packages\n - DNA-94461 Enable #system-theme on all streams\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.203\n - CHR-8475 Update chromium on desktop-stable-91-4054 to 91.0.4472.124\n - DNA-93523 Crash at extensions::TabHelper::WebContentsDestroyed()\n - DNA-93917 Upload snap to edge while preparing repository package\n - DNA-94157 Crash at gfx::ICCProfile::operator=(gfx::ICCProfile const&)\n - DNA-94159 Crash at\n opera::auth::AuthAccountServiceImpl::GetAuthAccount()\n - DNA-94161 [Add tabs]Unexpected symbols instead of Workspace name\n - DNA-94241 Implement better process killing for timeout\n - DNA-94248 Allow retry on tests that timed-out\n - DNA-94251 heap-use-after-free in VideoConference\n - DNA-94315 Crash at class std::__1::basic_string ui::ResourceBundle::\n LoadLocaleResources(const class std::__1::basic_string& const, bool)\n - DNA-94357 Fix issue in scripts\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.172\n - DNA-93078 Do not display \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdshare tab\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd sliding toolbar on detached\n tab\n - DNA-93358 The red underline extends beyond the Google meets conference\n tab outline\n - DNA-93404 Crash in test when destroying BABE\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds webcontents\n - DNA-93637 ctrl+9 shortcut is inconsistent with other browsers\n - DNA-93661 Add opauto test to cover new shortcut from DNA-93637\n - DNA-93867 Use version from package instead of repository\n - DNA-93993 Pinboard translations from Master\n - DNA-94099 Increase new-autoupdater-logic AB test to cover 50% of new\n installations\n - DNA-94100 Thumbnail doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt update\n - DNA-94178 Automatic popout should not happen after manually closing a\n popout\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.146\n - CHR-8458 Update chromium on desktop-stable-91-4054 to 91.0.4472.114\n - DNA-92171 Create active linkdiscovery service\n - DNA-92388 Fix and unskip\n WorkspacesEmoji.testChooseEmojiAsWorkspaceIcon when possible\n - DNA-93101 Tabs are being snoozed when tab snoozing is disabled\n - DNA-93386 Update pinboard view when item changes\n - DNA-93448 Make browser ready for Developer release\n - DNA-93491 Fix failing tests after enabling #pinboard flag\n - DNA-93498 Add additional music services\n - DNA-93503 Blank popup on clicking toolbar icon with popup open\n - DNA-93561 Do not allow zoom different from 100% in Pinboard popup\n - DNA-93637 ctrl+9 shortcut is inconsistent with other browsers\n - DNA-93644 Create route for `import open tabs` to `pinboard`\n - DNA-93664 Adapt popup to design\n - DNA-93702 Turn on flags on developer\n - DNA-93737 [Pinboard] Remove Mock API\n - DNA-93745 Unable to open the popup after opening it several times\n - DNA-93776 Popup closes and reopens when clicking the toolbar button\n - DNA-93786 DCHECK after opening popup\n - DNA-93802 Crash at views::Widget::GetNativeView() const\n - DNA-93810 Add pinboard icon to sidebar\n - DNA-93825 Add pinboard to Opera menu\n - DNA-93833 [Player] Implement seeking for new services\n - DNA-93845 Do not log output of snapcraft on console\n - DNA-93864 Create feature flag for start page sync banner\n - DNA-93865 Implement start page banner\n - DNA-93867 Use version from package instead of repository\n - DNA-93878 [Player] Crash when current player service becomes\n unavailable when user location changes\n - DNA-93953 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdSend image to Pinboard\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd has the wrong position in the\n context menu\n - DNA-93987 Disable zooming popup contents like in other popups\n - DNA-93989 Change internal URL to opera://pinboards\n - DNA-93990 Update strings to reflect new standards\n - DNA-93992 Add Pinboards to Opera settings\n - DNA-93993 Pinboard translations from Master\n - DNA-94011 Enable feature flags for Reborn 5 on stable\n - DNA-94019 Add a direct link to settings\n - DNA-94088 Internal pages provoke not saving other pages to the Pinboard\n - DNA-94111 [O77] Sidebar setup does not open\n - DNA-94139 Crash at\n opera::(anonymous namespace)::PinboardPopupWebView::RemovedFromWidget()\n - The update to chromium 91.0.4472.114 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30554, CVE-2021-30555, CVE-2021-30556, CVE-2021-30557\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.90\n - CHR-8446 Update chromium on desktop-stable-91-4054 to 91.0.4472.101\n - The update to chromium 91.0.4472.101 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30544, CVE-2021-30545, CVE-2021-30546, CVE-2021-30547,\n CVE-2021-30548, CVE-2021-30549, CVE-2021-30550, CVE-2021-30551,\n CVE-2021-30552, CVE-2021-30553\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.80\n - DNA-93656 Active cards in checkout Auto-fill\n - DNA-93805 Create snap packages in buildsign\n - DNA-93823 archive_opera_snap failures on Linux\n - DNA-93844 Fix AttributeError in package_type.py\n\n\n - Update to version 77.0.4054.64\n - DNA-93159 Implement image(preview) of each created pinboard\n - DNA-93273 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdSend image to Pinboard\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work correct on\n staging server\n - DNA-93277 Add/update opauto tests for the System Theme WP1\n implementation p.1\n - DNA-93286 [BigSur] YT not being reloaded when opened from link\n - DNA-93296 Opera 77 translations\n - DNA-93372 Build new edition for Axel Springer\n - DNA-93376 Write unittests for PinboardImageCollector\n - DNA-93401 [LastCard] Do not change user state if not needed\n - DNA-93409 Animation with hat and glasses is missing in Private mode\n - DNA-93443 API opr.pinboardPrivate.getThumbnail() returns\n old thumbnail image\n - DNA-93509 Add Opera switch for pinboard staging backend and use it for\n tests\n - DNA-93519 [Sidebar] WhatsApp \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdLog out\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work\n - DNA-93634 Fix errors in Slovak translations\n - DNA-93724 Some webstore extensions are not verified properly\n - Complete Opera 77.0 changelog at:\n https://blogs.opera.com/desktop/changelog-for-77/\n\n - Update to version 76.0.4017.177\n - DNA-92597 Sound controller doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work after pressing \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdNext\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\n button\n - DNA-93405 Import vmp_signer instead of starting new python process\n - DNA-93406 [Mac] Import plist_util instead of calling script in\n _generateAppEntitlements\n - DNA-93442 Make GX Control panel attachable by webdriver\n - DNA-93554 [AdBlock] Find a fix for blocking \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdnew\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd YouTube ads\n - DNA-93587 Pre-refactor solution\n\n - Update to version 76.0.4017.154\n - CHR-8420 Update chromium on desktop-stable-90-4017 to 90.0.4430.212\n - DNA-92411 Bookmarks breadcrumbs wrong color when pressed in dark mode\n - DNA-92587 Sync settings: \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdUse old password\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd button doesn\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt work\n - DNA-92672 Make it possible for agent to inject scripts into startpage\n - DNA-92712 Add SD reload API\n - DNA-93190 The bookmark can\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdt be opened in Workspace 5-6\n - DNA-93247 Reopen last closed tab shortcut opens random tab on new\n window\n - DNA-93294 Binary diff for opera_browser.dll is not created on 32-bit\n builds\n - DNA-93313 Add opauto test to cover DNA-93190\n - DNA-93368 Fix an error in Polish translation\n - DNA-93408 [Windows] widevine_cdm_component_installer does not compile\n on desktop-stable-90-4017\n - The update to chromium 90.0.4430.212 fixes following issues:\n CVE-2021-30506, CVE-2021-30507, CVE-2021-30508, CVE-2021-30509,\n CVE-2021-30510, CVE-2021-30511, CVE-2021-30512, CVE-2021-30513,\n CVE-2021-30514, CVE-2021-30515, CVE-2021-30516, CVE-2021-30517,\n CVE-2021-30518, CVE-2021-30519, CVE-2021-30520\n\n\nPatch Instructions:\n\n To install this openSUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods\n like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n\n Alternatively you can run the command listed for your product:\n\n - openSUSE Leap 15.4:NonFree:\n\n zypper in -t patch openSUSE-2022-110=1", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-04-08T00:00:00", "type": "suse", "title": "Security update for opera (important)", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-30506", "CVE-2021-30507", "CVE-2021-30508", "CVE-2021-30509", "CVE-2021-30510", "CVE-2021-30511", "CVE-2021-30512", "CVE-2021-30513", "CVE-2021-30514", "CVE-2021-30515", "CVE-2021-30516", "CVE-2021-30517", "CVE-2021-30518", "CVE-2021-30519", "CVE-2021-30520", "CVE-2021-30541", "CVE-2021-30544", "CVE-2021-30545", "CVE-2021-30546", "CVE-2021-30547", "CVE-2021-30548", "CVE-2021-30549", "CVE-2021-30550", "CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-30552", "CVE-2021-30553", "CVE-2021-30554", "CVE-2021-30555", "CVE-2021-30556", "CVE-2021-30557", "CVE-2021-30560", "CVE-2021-30561", "CVE-2021-30562", "CVE-2021-30563", "CVE-2021-30564", "CVE-2021-30590", "CVE-2021-30591", "CVE-2021-30592", "CVE-2021-30593", "CVE-2021-30594", "CVE-2021-30596", "CVE-2021-30597", "CVE-2021-30598", "CVE-2021-30599", "CVE-2021-30600", "CVE-2021-30601", "CVE-2021-30602", "CVE-2021-30603", "CVE-2021-30604", "CVE-2021-30606", "CVE-2021-30607", "CVE-2021-30608", "CVE-2021-30609", "CVE-2021-30610", "CVE-2021-30611", "CVE-2021-30612", "CVE-2021-30613", "CVE-2021-30614", "CVE-2021-30615", "CVE-2021-30616", "CVE-2021-30617", "CVE-2021-30618", "CVE-2021-30619", "CVE-2021-30620", "CVE-2021-30621", "CVE-2021-30622", "CVE-2021-30623", "CVE-2021-30624", "CVE-2021-30625", "CVE-2021-30626", "CVE-2021-30627", "CVE-2021-30628", "CVE-2021-30629", "CVE-2021-30630", "CVE-2021-30631", "CVE-2021-30632", "CVE-2021-30633", "CVE-2021-37974", "CVE-2021-37975", "CVE-2021-37976", "CVE-2021-37977", "CVE-2021-37978", "CVE-2021-37979", "CVE-2021-37980", "CVE-2021-37981", "CVE-2021-37982", "CVE-2021-37983", "CVE-2021-37984", "CVE-2021-37985", "CVE-2021-37986", "CVE-2021-37987", "CVE-2021-37988", "CVE-2021-37989", "CVE-2021-37990", "CVE-2021-37991", "CVE-2021-37992", "CVE-2021-37993", "CVE-2021-37994", "CVE-2021-37995", "CVE-2021-37996", "CVE-2021-37997", "CVE-2021-37998", "CVE-2021-37999", "CVE-2021-38001", "CVE-2021-38002", "CVE-2021-38003", "CVE-2021-38004", "CVE-2021-38005", "CVE-2021-38006", "CVE-2021-38007", "CVE-2021-38008", "CVE-2021-38009", "CVE-2021-38010", "CVE-2021-38011", "CVE-2021-38012", "CVE-2021-38013", "CVE-2021-38014", "CVE-2021-38015", "CVE-2021-38016", "CVE-2021-38017", "CVE-2021-38019", "CVE-2021-38020", "CVE-2021-38021", "CVE-2021-38022", "CVE-2021-4052", "CVE-2021-4053", "CVE-2021-4054", "CVE-2021-4055", "CVE-2021-4056", "CVE-2021-4057", "CVE-2021-4058", "CVE-2021-4059", "CVE-2021-4061", "CVE-2021-4062", "CVE-2021-4063", "CVE-2021-4064", "CVE-2021-4065", "CVE-2021-4066", "CVE-2021-4067", "CVE-2021-4068", "CVE-2021-4078", "CVE-2021-4079", "CVE-2021-4098", "CVE-2021-4099", "CVE-2021-4100", "CVE-2021-4101", "CVE-2021-4102", "CVE-2022-0096", "CVE-2022-0097", "CVE-2022-0098", "CVE-2022-0099", "CVE-2022-0100", "CVE-2022-0101", "CVE-2022-0102", "CVE-2022-0103", "CVE-2022-0104", "CVE-2022-0105", "CVE-2022-0106", "CVE-2022-0107", "CVE-2022-0108", "CVE-2022-0109", "CVE-2022-0110", "CVE-2022-0111", "CVE-2022-0112", "CVE-2022-0113", "CVE-2022-0114", "CVE-2022-0115", "CVE-2022-0116", "CVE-2022-0117", "CVE-2022-0118", "CVE-2022-0120", "CVE-2022-0289", "CVE-2022-0290", "CVE-2022-0291", "CVE-2022-0292", "CVE-2022-0293", "CVE-2022-0294", "CVE-2022-0295", "CVE-2022-0296", "CVE-2022-0297", "CVE-2022-0298", "CVE-2022-0300", "CVE-2022-0301", "CVE-2022-0302", "CVE-2022-0304", "CVE-2022-0305", "CVE-2022-0306", "CVE-2022-0307", "CVE-2022-0308", "CVE-2022-0309", "CVE-2022-0310", "CVE-2022-0311", "CVE-2022-0452", "CVE-2022-0453", "CVE-2022-0454", "CVE-2022-0455", "CVE-2022-0456", "CVE-2022-0457", "CVE-2022-0458", "CVE-2022-0459", "CVE-2022-0460", "CVE-2022-0461", "CVE-2022-0462", "CVE-2022-0463", "CVE-2022-0464", "CVE-2022-0465", "CVE-2022-0466", "CVE-2022-0467", "CVE-2022-0468", "CVE-2022-0469", "CVE-2022-0470", "CVE-2022-0603", "CVE-2022-0604", "CVE-2022-0605", "CVE-2022-0606", "CVE-2022-0607", "CVE-2022-0608", "CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-0610", "CVE-2022-0789", "CVE-2022-0790", "CVE-2022-0791", "CVE-2022-0792", "CVE-2022-0793", "CVE-2022-0794", "CVE-2022-0795", "CVE-2022-0796", "CVE-2022-0797", "CVE-2022-0798", "CVE-2022-0799", "CVE-2022-0800", "CVE-2022-0801", "CVE-2022-0802", "CVE-2022-0803", "CVE-2022-0804", "CVE-2022-0805", "CVE-2022-0806", "CVE-2022-0807", "CVE-2022-0808", "CVE-2022-0809", "CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-04-08T00:00:00", "id": "OPENSUSE-SU-2022:0110-1", "href": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/ZOJPFVCOKYO6YUMKBJPTCF74IGAYK5K4/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "trellix": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-06T00:00:00", "description": "# The Bug Report - March 2022 \n\nBy Charles McFarland \u00b7 April 6, 2022\n\n## Your Cybersecurity Comic Relief\n\n[](<https://toggl.com/>) **Comic from https://geek-and-poke.com/ and remains unedited. \nhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ \nUse of this comic does not indicate endorsement by the creator. ** \n\n\n## Why am I here?\n\nWelcome back the Bug Report, the more-bugs-than-bagels edition. Everyone could use a bagel but unfortunately, we are fresh out. No worries, we have a healthy serving of bugs as the main course for this month. For those unfamiliar with our report, [every month](<https://www.trellix.com/en-us/about/newsroom/stories/threat-labs/the-bug-report-february-2022.html>) we compile a short list of the top vulnerabilities of the month for your intellectual consumption. Sit back, relax and enjoy the cuisine.\n\nThis month there was no shortage of bugs to choose from as we March toward a bug free world! Of course, that\u2019s never gonna happen but one may dream. The closet I\u2019ve ever come to \u2018bug free\u2019 was when I once lived in a ladybug infested house in the country. True, they took care of all the other \u2018bad\u2019 bugs, but the ceiling was literally covered in red with black polka dots! I digress. March has some scary bugs for the Linux community as well as a couple being actively exploited by the bad guys. Let\u2019s get to the March 2022 bug list so you can start your extermination!\n\n * CVE-2022-0847: Linux Kernel (Dirty Pipe)\n * CVE-2022-1096: Google Chromium V8 Engine\n * CVE-2022-0543: Redis on Debian\n * CVE-2022-24760: Node.js Parse Server module\n \n\n\n## CVE-2022-0847: Dirty Pipes need some cleaning\u2026.\n\n### What is it?\n\nIt seems that the most famous vulnerabilities get their own marketing team and catchy name. \u201cDirty Pipes\u201d is one of the those but, given it\u2019s a major Linux kernel bug, it\u2019s well deserved. If was first reported by Max Kellerman in [this report](<https://dirtypipe.cm4all.com/>). He discovered something odd while dealing with their custom logging solution. After initially refusing to blame the OS (quite reasonably I might add), he eventually proved an arbitrary write error caused when the pipes code was refactored for Anonymous Pipes. The struct pip_buffer didn\u2019t properly initialize one of the flags leaving it empty. This is a problem because it enables someone to create a page cache reference with an arbitrary flag. When [Anonymous Pipes](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_pipe>) were refactored, you could then inject the PIPE_BUF_FLAG_CAN_MERGE flag on a cache reference. By shoving two things where only one belonged you can perform a write overflow of the page cache. Not only does this allow overwriting of arbitrary files, but it also works regardless of permissions and on immutable files!\n\n### Who cares?\n\nI have some good news and some bad news. The good news is that this vulnerability only exists on devices with Linux Kernel 5.8 and higher. 5.16.11, 5.15.25, and 5.10.102 have addressed the vuln. Unless you\u2019re actively upgrading your kernels manually or running bleeding edge distributions, you\u2019re unlikely to see this on your servers or desktops. For example, the current Long-Term Support (LTS) version of Ubuntu server ships with kernel version 5.4 which isn\u2019t vulnerable and other distributions such as RedHat are even further behind. Sometimes procrastination really does pay off!\n\nThe bad news is that many other important devices may be vulnerable and quite hard to find and potentially without available patches. While tempting to simply ignore anything you didn\u2019t install yourself, you may want to pay attention this time. For example, many QNAP NAS devices are running the vulnerable [kernel 5.10.60](<https://www.qnap.com/en-us/release-notes/kernel>) with no patch yet available. Likewise, any device using Android 12 is also at risk including the Pixel 6 and Galaxy S22. It remains to be seen what other devices are affected. Since the 5.8 kernel was released in August 2020 only devices purchased since then should be cause for concern. That concern should only increase over time since POCs already [exists](<https://dirtypipe.cm4all.com/>) within the original report and on Github. \n\n### What can I do?\n\nInventory your IOT devices and wait. It's been nearly a month and we\u2019re still waiting on patches. A large part of the challenge will be finding what\u2019s vulnerable so you can wait for the patch. We know a large number of [QNAP devices](<https://www.qnap.com/en-us/release-notes/kernel>) are vulnerable and likely any device running Android 12, but it remains to be seen where else this may pop up.\n\n \n\n\n## CVE-2022-1096: Don\u2019t Panic!\n\n### What is it?\n\nRemember the Joo Janta 200 Super-Chromatic Peril Sensitive Sunglasses from The Hitchhiker\u2019s Guide to the Galaxy? They keep the user from panicking by turning totally black at the first hint of trouble! That\u2019s a lot like this Chromium bug. Little to no information is being released so we know it\u2019s going to be bad. What little has been released points this to a type confusion issue in the V8 engine used by multiple browsers including [Chrome 99.0.4844.84](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>) for Window, Mac, and Linux as well as [Microsoft Edge 99.0.1150.55](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>). To make matters worse we know it\u2019s being actively exploited in the wild. That\u2019s enough for those glasses to go super opaque until all effected browsers can get their patches widely distributed.\n\n### Who cares?\n\nI care, and you should too! Essentially, anyone with a modern-day browser should care. The two known impacted browsers are Chrome and Microsoft Edge, but many other chromium-based browsers may be impacted such as Opera. The declining Firefox base need not worry this time around as Firefox is not chromium-based. However, Chrome alone has [62.78%](<https://gs.statcounter.com/>) of the browser market as of February 2022 so most of you should be concerned. It\u2019s unclear if non-browser apps powered by the V8 engine are susceptible. Many popular non-browser desktop apps use Electron which runs on the V8 engine. These should be watched closely, including VS Code, Slack, Discord, among many others.\n\n### What can I do?\n\nPatch, patch, patch; that\u2019s your mantra. Until we know more it\u2019s difficult to say what could mitigate the exploits. Fortunately, both Chrome and Microsoft Edge already have patches available so you should enforce them in your environment.\n\n \n\n\n## CVE-2022-0543: Watch out for Muh Stick!\n\n### What is it?\n\nI don\u2019t really know how to pronounce Muhstik but in my head I only hear \u201cMy Stick\u201d. I\u2019m not sure how the botnet devs feel about that but considering they\u2019re the bad guys I won\u2019t lose sleep over it. Recently the infamous botnet has been seen [targeting Redis servers](<https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/security/muhstik-gang-targets-redis-servers>) with a Lua sandbox escape flaw CVE-2022-0543. While our Bug Report considers more than just CVSS metric, it does catch our attention when something scores a perfect 10 out of 10. While this isn\u2019t entirely a March vulnerability as Debian released their [security advisory](<https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5081>) mid-February, the inclusion of this vuln in the Muhstik botnet justifies overlooking a couple of weeks. The vulnerability exists because of the way Redis on Debian dynamically loads the Lua interpreter but fails to clear the package variable. In effect a package can be used to load the Lua libraries and execute trusted code on the system.\n\n### Who cares?\n\nRedis is the [most popular](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redis>) key-value database, the most popular NoSQL database in containers, and #4 for data store. There is a better-than-decent chance that one or more of your applications are running Redis. Further, Debian based deployments are especially common for servers and within containers. So, if you don\u2019t wish to become a valued member of the Muhstik botnet and wish to avoid an uncomfortable meeting with the FBI, it\u2019s best to check your services for the Redis/Debian pair.\n\n### What can I do?\n\nIf you haven\u2019t applied your Debian update, then get to it. If you own your own containers, then update those as well. Otherwise, you\u2019re at the mercy of whomever your container came from. If you\u2019re too late, then it\u2019s time to look for a botnet infection and purge it from existence.\n\n \n\n\n## CVE-2022-24760: Decidedly Not a Bagel \n\n### What is it?\n\nIf you\u2019re in the ignorance-is-bliss camp and think databases are forever safer stop reading now. We don\u2019t want you to be disappointed. Mid-March Github release a [security advisory](<https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-p6h4-93qp-jhcm>) about a new Remote Command Injection vulnerability in the Parse Server 4.10.7 npm package and below. Like our new friend CVE-2022-0543 it has scary [CVSS score of 10](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24760>). This package affects Node.js powered webservers running the default MongoDB configuration (and maybe others). It\u2019s a Prototype Pollution bug that impacts DatabaseController.js. Namely, by carefully crafting a HTTP request with the {_bsontype: \u201cCode\u201d} keyword an attacker can get Binary Encoded JavaScript Object Notation (BSON) code execution.\n\n### Who cares?\n\nWhile I personally stay away from all things javascript, many of you love the language so much that you\u2019ve decided it would make a great webserver backend. Who am I to judge? Node.js is used by powerhouses such as Netflix, PayPal, and the like. As of 2021 Node.js was powering over [28,000 websites](<https://medium.com/selleo/top-trends-in-node-js-to-watch-in-2021-d94ff38cc31e>) and that doesn\u2019t include other web servers. In short, it\u2019s supposed to be publicly available so having an unauthenticated command injection just sitting there on the web is bad news.\n\n### What can I do?\n\nFirst, you should be upgrading your Parse Server npm package to 4.10.7 or higher. That\u2019s the recommended action. Sometimes in the development world updating packages may not be feasible right away. There is a workaround found [here](<https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-p6h4-93qp-jhcm>). In there you can apply some code that runs before Parse Server that handles the BSON code execution.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2022-04-06T00:00:00", "type": "trellix", "title": "The Bug Report - March 2022 Edition", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0543", "CVE-2022-0847", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-24760"], "modified": "2022-04-06T00:00:00", "id": "TRELLIX:8CB786600FA7F187E3D16B1E340639C2", "href": "https://www.trellix.com/content/mainsite/en-us/about/newsroom/stories/research/the-bug-report-march-2022.html", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "threatpost": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T17:13:59", "description": "Google has patched the fifth actively exploited zero-day vulnerability discovered in Chrome this year as one in a series of fixes included in a stable channel update released Wednesday.\n\nThe bug, tracked as [CVE-2022-2856](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-2856>) and rated as high on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), is associated with \u201cinsufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents,\u201d according to [the advisory](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_16.html>) posted by Google.\n\nGoogle credits Ashley Shen and Christian Resell of its Google Threat Analysis Group (TAG) for reporting the zero-day bug, which could allow for arbitrary code execution, on July 19. The advisory also unveiled 10 other patches for various other Chrome issues.\n\nIntents are a deep linking feature on the Android device within the Chrome browser that replaced URI schemes, which previously handled this process, [according to Branch](<https://branch.io/glossary/chrome-intents/>), a company that offers various linking options for mobile applications.\n\n\u201cInstead of assigning window.location or an iframe.src to the URI scheme, in Chrome, developers need to use their intent string as defined in this document,\u201d the company explained on its website. Intent \u201cadds complexity\u201d but \u201cautomatically handles the case of the mobile app not being installed\u201d within links, according to the post.\n\nInsufficient validation is associated with input validation, a frequently-used technique for checking potentially dangerous inputs to ensure that they are safe for processing within the code, or when communicating with other components, [according to MITRE\u2019s Common Weakness Enumeration site](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>).\n\n\u201cWhen software does not validate input properly, an attacker is able to craft the input in a form that is not expected by the rest of the application,\u201d according to a post on the site. \u201cThis will lead to parts of the system receiving unintended input, which may result in altered control flow, arbitrary control of a resource, or arbitrary code execution.\u201d\n\n**Fending Off Exploits**\n\nAs is typical, Google did not disclose specific details of the bug until it is widely patched to avoid threat actors taking further advantage of it, a strategy that one security professional noted is a wise one.\n\n\u201cPublicizing details on an actively exploited zero-day vulnerability just as a patch becomes available could have dire consequences, because it takes time to roll out security updates to vulnerable systems and attackers are champing at the bit to exploit these types of flaws,\u201d observed Satnam Narang, senior staff research engineer at cybersecurity firm [Tenable,](<https://www.tenable.com/>) in an email to Threatpost.\n\n** **Holding back info is also sound given that other Linux distributions and browsers, such as Microsoft Edge, also include code based on Google\u2019s Chromium Project. These all could be affected if an exploit for a vulnerability is released, he said.\n\n\u201cIt is extremely valuable for defenders to have that buffer,\u201d Narang added.\n\nWhile the majority of the fixes in the update are for vulnerabilities rated as high or medium risk, Google did patch a critical bug tracked as [CVE-2022-2852](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-2852>), a use-after-free issue in FedCM reported by Sergei Glazunov of Google Project Zero on Aug. 8. FedCM\u2014short for the Federated Credential Management API\u2013provides a use-case-specific abstraction for federated identity flows on the web, [according to Google](<https://developer.chrome.com/docs/privacy-sandbox/fedcm/>).\n\n**Fifth Chrome 0Day Patch So Far**\n\nThe zero-day patch is the fifth Chrome bug under active attack that Google has patched so far this year.\n\nIn July, the company fixed an [actively exploited heap buffer overflow flaw](<https://threatpost.com/actively-exploited-chrome-bug/180118/>) tracked as [CVE-2022-2294](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-2294>) in WebRTC, the engine that gives Chrome its real-time communications capability, while in May it was a separate buffer overflow flaw tracked as [CVE-2022-2294](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-2294>) and under active attack that got slapped with a patch.\n\nIn April, Google patched [CVE-2022-1364](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=2022-1364>), a type confusion flaw affecting Chrome\u2019s use of the V8 JavaScript engine on which attackers already had pounced. The previous month a separate type-confusion issue in V8 tracked as [CVE-2022-1096](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=2022-1096>) and under active attack also [spurred a hasty patch](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-bug-actively-exploited-zero-day/179161/>).\n\nFebruary saw a fix for the first of this year\u2019s Chrome zero-days, a use-after-free flaw in Chrome\u2019s Animation component tracked as [CVE-2022-0609](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0609>) that already [was under attack](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-zero-day-under-attack/178428/>). Later [it was revealed](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-zero-day-bugs-exploited-weeks-ahead-of-patch/179103/>) that North Korean hackers were exploiting the flaw weeks before it was discovered and patched.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-08-18T14:31:38", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Google Patches Chrome\u2019s Fifth Zero-Day of the Year", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2852", "CVE-2022-2856"], "modified": "2022-08-18T14:31:38", "id": "THREATPOST:A8A7A761CD72E2732BD9E3C75C4A2ACC", "href": "https://threatpost.com/google-patches-chromes-fifth-zero-day-of-the-year/180432/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-05T11:54:40", "description": "While people were celebrating the Fourth of July holiday in the United States, Google quietly rolled out a stable channel update for Chrome to patch an actively exploited zero-day vulnerability, the fourth such flaw the vendor has had to patch in its browser product so far this year.\n\nChrome 103 (103.0.5060.71) for Android and Version 103.0.5060.114 for Windows and Mac, outlined in [separate ](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/>)[blog posts](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/07/extended-stable-channel-update-for.html>) published Monday, fix a heap buffer overflow flaw in WebRTC, the engine that gives the browser its real-time communications capability.\n\nThe vulnerability, tracked as [CVE-2022-2294](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-2294>) and reported by Jan Vojtesek from the Avast Threat Intelligence team on July 1**, **is described as a buffer overflow, \u201cwhere the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory,\u201d according to the vulnerability\u2019s [listing](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/122.html>) on the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) website.\n\nAs per usual, Google did not reveal specific details about the bug, as it generally waits until most have updated to the patched version of the affected product. Indeed, updating is strongly recommended, as exploits for the vulnerability already exist in the wild, Google said.\n\nMoreover, with scant details revealed about the flaw\u2014a habit of Google\u2019s that many security researchers find frustrating\u2014at this point an update is really only way to defend against attacks exploiting the flaw. Fortunately, Google Chrome updates are pushed out without user intervention, so most users will be protected once patches are available.\n\nBuffer overflows generally lead to crashes or other attacks that make the affected program unavailable including putting the program into an infinite loop, according to the CWE listing. Attackers can take advantage of the situation by using the crash to execute arbitrary code typically outside of the scope of the program\u2019s security policy.\n\n\u201cBesides important user data, heap-based overflows can be used to overwrite function pointers that may be living in memory, pointing it to the attacker\u2019s code,\u201d according to the listing. \u201cEven in applications that do not explicitly use function pointers, the run-time will usually leave many in memory.\u201d\n\n## **Other Fixes**\n\nIn addition to fixing the zero-day buffer overflow flaw, the Chrome releases also patch a type confusion flaw in the V8 JavaScript engine tracked as [CVE-2022-2295](<https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-2295>) and reported June 16 by researchers \u201cavaue\u201d and \u201cBuff3tts\u201d at S.S.L., according to the post.\n\nThis is the third such flaw in the open-source engine used by Chrome and Chromium-based web browsers patched this year alone. In March a separate type-confusion issue in the V8 JavaScript engine tracked as [CVE-2022-1096](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=2022-1096>) and under active attack [spurred a hasty patch](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-bug-actively-exploited-zero-day/179161/>) from Google.\n\nThen in April, the company patched [CVE-2022-1364](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=2022-1364>), another type confusion flaw affecting Chrome\u2019s use of V8 on which attackers already had pounced.\n\nAnother flaw patched in Monday\u2019s Chrome update is a use-after-free flaw in Chrome OS Shell reported by Khalil Zhani on May 19 and tracked as [CVE-2022-2296](<https://cve.report/CVE-2022-2296>), according to Google. All of the flaws patched in this week\u2019s update received a rating of high. The updates also includes several fixes from internal audits, fuzzing and other initiatives, Google said.\n\nPrior to patching the Chrome V8 JavaScript engine flaws in March and April, Google in February already had patched a zero-day use-after-free flaw in Chrome\u2019s Animation component tracked as [CVE-2022-0609](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0609>) that [was under active attack](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-zero-day-under-attack/178428/>).\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-05T11:54:21", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Google Patches Actively Exploited Chrome Bug", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2295", "CVE-2022-2296"], "modified": "2022-07-05T11:54:21", "id": "THREATPOST:91A97EE2BD6933FEB9A07162BD4ED8B5", "href": "https://threatpost.com/actively-exploited-chrome-bug/180118/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-30T16:18:23", "description": "Google has updated its Stable channel for the desktop version of Chrome, to address a zero-day security vulnerability that\u2019s being actively exploited in the wild.\n\nThe bug, tracked as CVE-2022-1096, is a type-confusion issue in the V8 JavaScript engine, which is an open-source engine used by Chrome and Chromium-based web browsers. Type confusion, as Microsoft has [laid out](<https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2015/06/17/understanding-type-confusion-vulnerabilities-cve-2015-0336/>) in the past, occurs \u201cwhen a piece of code doesn\u2019t verify the type of object that is passed to it, and uses it blindly without type-checking, it leads to type confusion\u2026Also with type confusion, wrong function pointers or data are fed into the wrong piece of code. In some circumstances this can lead to code execution.\u201d\n\nGoogle didn\u2019t provide additional technical details, as is its wont, but did say that it was \u201caware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild.\u201d An anonymous researcher was credited with finding the issue, which is labeled \u201chigh-severity\u201d (no CVSS score was given).\n\nThe lack of any further information is a source of frustration to some.\n\n\u201cAs a defender, I really wish it was more clear what this security fix is,\u201d John Bambenek, principal threat hunter at Netenrich, said via email. \u201cI get permission-denied errors or \u2018need to authenticate,\u2019 so I can\u2019t make decisions or advise my clients. A little more transparency would be beneficial and appreciated.\u201d\n\n## **Emergency Patch; Active Exploit**\n\nThe internet giant has updated the Stable channel to 99.0.4844.84 for Chrome for Windows, Mac and Linux, according to the its [security advisory](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>). Microsoft, which offers the Chromium-based Edge browser, also issued its [own advisory](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>). It\u2019s unclear whether other offerings built in V8, such as the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js, are also affected.\n\nThe patch was issued on an emergency basis, likely due to the active exploit that\u2019s circulating, researchers noted.\n\n\u201cThe first thing which stood out to me about this update is that it only fixes a single issue,\u201d Casey Ellis, founder and CTO at Bugcrowd, noted by email. \u201cThis is pretty unusual for Google. They typically fix multiple issues in these types of releases, which suggests that they are quite concerned and very motivated to see fixes against CVE-2022-1096 applied across their user-base ASAP.\u201d\n\nHe also commented on the speed of the patch being rolled out.\n\n\u201cThe vulnerability was only reported on the 23rd of March, and while Google\u2019s Chrome team do tend to be fairly prompt in developing, testing and rolling patches, the idea of a patch for software deployed as widely deployed as Chrome in 48 hours is something is continue to be impressed by,\u201d he said. \u201cSpeculatively, I\u2019d suggest that the vulnerability has been discovered via detection of active exploitation in the wild, and the combination of impact and potentially the malicious actors currently using it contributed to the fast turnaround.\u201d\n\n## **V8 Engine in the Crosshairs**\n\nThe V8 engine has been plagued with security bugs and targeted by cyberattackers many times in the last year:\n\nLast year delivered a total of these 16 Chrome zero days:\n\n * [CVE-2021-21148](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-zero-day-windows-mac/163688/>) \u2013 Feb. 4, an unnamed type of bug in V8\n * [CVE-2021-21224](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-21224>) \u2013 April 20, an issue with type confusion in V8 that could have allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page.\n * [CVE-2021-30551](<https://threatpost.com/chrome-browser-bug-under-attack/166804/>) \u2013- June 9, a type-confusion bug within V8 (also under active attack as a zero-day)\n * [CVE-2021-30563](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-30563>) \u2013 July 15, another type-confusion bug in V8.\n * [CVE-2021-30633](<https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-zero-day-exploited/169442/>) \u2013 Sept. 13, an out-of-bounds write in V8\n * [CVE-2021-37975](<https://threatpost.com/google-emergency-update-chrome-zero-days/175266/>) \u2013 Sept. 30, a use-after-free bug in V8 (also attacked as a zero-day)\n * [CVE-2021-38003](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-38003>) \u2013 Oct. 28, an inappropriate implementation in V8\n * [CVE-2021-4102](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-4102>) \u2013 Dec. 13, a use-after-free bug in V8.\n\n_**Moving to the cloud? Discover emerging cloud-security threats along with solid advice for how to defend your assets with our **_[_**FREE downloadable eBook**_](<https://bit.ly/3Jy6Bfs>)_**, \u201cCloud Security: The Forecast for 2022.\u201d**_ _**We explore organizations\u2019 top risks and challenges, best practices for defense, and advice for security success in such a dynamic computing environment, including handy checklists.**_\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-03-30T16:14:30", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Google Chrome Bug Actively Exploited as Zero-Day", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 9.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2015-0336", "CVE-2021-21148", "CVE-2021-21224", "CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-30563", "CVE-2021-30633", "CVE-2021-37975", "CVE-2021-38003", "CVE-2021-4102", "CVE-2021-44228", "CVE-2022-1096"], "modified": "2022-03-30T16:14:30", "id": "THREATPOST:45B63C766965F5748AEC30DE709C8003", "href": "https://threatpost.com/google-chrome-bug-actively-exploited-zero-day/179161/", "cvss": {"score": 9.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "qualysblog": [{"lastseen": "2022-12-14T08:08:58", "description": "Google has released yet another security update for the Chrome desktop web browser to address a high-severity vulnerability that is being exploited in the wild. This is the ninth Chrome zero-day fixed this year by Google. This security bug ([CVE-2022-4262](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html>); _QID 377804_) is a Type Confusion vulnerability in Chrome\u2019s V8 JavaScript Engine.\n\nGoogle has withheld details about the vulnerability to prevent expanding its malicious exploitation and to allow users time to apply the security updates necessary on their Chrome installations.\n\nGoogle\u2019s previous zero-days were also released right before a weekend (see [Don\u2019t spend another weekend patching Chrome](<https://blog.qualys.com/product-tech/2022/10/28/chrome-zero-day-cve-2022-3723>) and [Don\u2019t Spend Your Holiday Season Patching Chrome](<https://blog.qualys.com/product-tech/patch-management/2022/11/29/dont-spend-your-holiday-season-patching-chrome>)).\n\n\n\n## Organizations respond, but slowly\n\nAnalyzing anonymized data from the Qualys data lake, the Qualys Threat Research Unit found for Chrome zero-day vulnerabilities introduced between February and August, more than 90% of these instances were remediated. However, it took 11-21 days to remediate via the Chrome patch. With the frequency of vulnerabilities released in this widely used browser and the fact that browsers, by their nature, are more exposed to external attacks, reducing the MTTR for those Chrome vulnerabilities is critical.\n\n2022 Chrome Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, MTTR\n\nOf the nine Chrome zero-day threats this year, five were introduced just before the weekend on a Thursday or Friday. Organizations that don't leverage automated patching must spend the weekend or holiday working on the manual, lengthy process of detecting vulnerable devices, preparing the Chrome patch, testing it, and deploying it to affected assets.\n\nCVE| Release Date| Day of the Week| Vulnerability Remediation Rate \n---|---|---|--- \nCVE-2022-0609| 2/14/2022| Monday| 94% \nCVE-2022-1096| 3/25/2022| **Friday**| 94% \nCVE-2022-1364| 4/14/2022| **Thursday**| 93% \nCVE-2022-2294| 7/4/2022| Monday| 93% \nCVE-2022-2856| 8/16/2022| Tuesday| 91% \nCVE-2022-3075| 9/2/2022| **Friday**| 85% \nCVE-2022-3723| 10/27/2022| **Thursday**| 65% \nCVE-2022-4135| 11/24/2022| **Thursday (Thanksgiving)**| 52% \nCVE-2022-4262| 12/2/2022| **Friday**| NA \n2022 Chrome Zero-Day vulnerability release dates and percentage of remediation\n\n## Qualys Patch Management speeds remediation\n\nThe Qualys Threat Research Unit has found on average critical vulnerabilities are weaponized in 15.9 days. Significantly reducing MTTR shortens the exposure window and improves an organization's risk posture.\n\n[Qualys Patch Management](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/patch-management/>) with Zero-Touch Patching allows organizations to use their Qualys Cloud Agent for vulnerability management and to deploy third-party application patches, including Chrome. If the Qualys Cloud Agent is installed on an asset, customers can patch it, regardless of any other deployed patch solution. By defining a simple zero-touch policy, assets can automatically deploy patches when the vendor releases a new one. If testing patches like Chrome is required before production deployment, automatically setup a zero-touch policy to deploy to a set of test devices before deploying the same tested patches to production devices.\n\nIf you are a Qualys customer without Patch Management, a [trial](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/patch-management/>) can be enabled quickly, leveraging the same agent used with VMDR. This allows you to immediately deploy the Chrome patch to your environment and create those automation jobs to ensure that the next time Google or any other vendor releases a patch, your assets are automatically updated.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-12-03T05:24:27", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "The 9th Google Chrome Zero-Day Threat this Year \u2013 Again Just Before the Weekend", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-2294", "CVE-2022-2856", "CVE-2022-3075", "CVE-2022-3723", "CVE-2022-4135", "CVE-2022-4262"], "modified": "2022-12-03T05:24:27", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:058E013CF475F33D6DEBB8955340D15B", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/product-tech/patch-management", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "github": [{"lastseen": "2022-07-06T17:28:30", "description": "In this post I'll exploit CVE-2022-1134, a type confusion in V8, the JavaScript engine of Chrome that I reported in March 2022, as [bug 1308360](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1308360>) and was fixed in version [100.0.4896.60](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_29.html>). This bug allows remote code execution (RCE) in the renderer sandbox of Chrome by a single visit to a malicious site. The bug exists in the super inline cache (SuperIC) feature, which has a history of exploitable vulnerabilities. In what follows, I'll go through some implementation details of the inline cache, as well as interactions between V8 and Blink (the Chrome renderer), to fill in the background required to understand and exploit this bug.\n\n## Inline cache in V8[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#inline-cache-in-v8>)\n\nInline cache is an optimization used in V8 for speeding up property accesses in bytecode generated by [Ignition](<https://v8.dev/docs/ignition>) (the interpreter in V8). Roughly speaking, when a JavaScript function is run, Ignition will compile the function into bytecode, which then collects profiling data and feedback every time the function is run. The feedback is then used by the JIT compiler to generate optimized machine code at a later stage. As the V8 optimization pipeline is very well documented, I'll not repeat the details here, but refer readers to [this article](<https://v8.dev/docs/ignition>) and the references within. Readers may also wish to consult ["JavaScript engine fundamentals: Shapes and Inline Caches"](<https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/shapes-ics>) by Mathias Bynens to get a high-level understanding of object types and inline cache in V8.\n\nTo distinguish between object types and optimize property accesses, each JavaScript object in V8 stores a `map` as its first property:\n \n \n DebugPrint: 0x282908049499: [JS_OBJECT_TYPE]\n - map: 0x282908207939 <Map(HOLEY_ELEMENTS)> [FastProperties]\n ...\n 0x282908207939: [Map]\n - type: JS_OBJECT_TYPE\n - instance size: 16\n - inobject properties: 1\n - elements kind: HOLEY_ELEMENTS\n - unused property fields: 0\n - enum length: 1\n ...\n \n\nThe `map` of an object stores important information, such as the `type` of the object, and the offsets of each of its properties. The memory layout of objects with the same map are the same, meaning that their properties are at the same offsets. This allows property accesses to be optimized once the `map` of an object is known. In overly simplified terms, when the bytecode for a property access is run, the maps of the input objects are recorded, and an optimized handler is created for each `map`. When the function is run in the future, if an object of a known `map` is passed, the optimized handler corresponding to this `map` is used to access the property of the object.\n\n### Bytecode handling in V8[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#bytecode-handling-in-v8>)\n\nTo get a better understanding of what actually happens, I'll now go through a concrete example to show the general process of inline caching. Take the following function as an example:\n \n \n function f(a) {\n return a.x\n }\n \n\nI can run it in V8 and use the `print-bytecode` flag to print out the generated bytecode\n \n \n [generated bytecode for function: f (0x11e7001d36cd <SharedFunctionInfo f>)]\n ...\n Bytecode Age: 0\n 0x11e7001d3886 @ 0 : 2d 03 00 00 GetNamedProperty a0, [0], [0]\n 0x11e7001d388a @ 4 : a9 Return \n \n\nWe see that `GetNamedProperty` is the bytecode generated for the property access `a.x`. In V8, property accesses are divided into `NamedProperty` and `KeyedProperty`, where `NamedProperty` refers to the usual properties that are accessed as a property, for example, `a.x`, while `KeyedProperty` refers to element-like properties that are indexed numerically, for example, `a[1]`. Therefore, for example, the following function\n \n \n function f(a) {\n return a[1]\n }\n \n\ngenerates the `GetKeyedProperty` bytecode instead:\n \n \n [generated bytecode for function: f (0x1e8d001d36cd <SharedFunctionInfo f>)]\n ...\n Bytecode Age: 0\n 0x1e8d001d386a @ 0 : 0d 01 LdaSmi [1]\n 0x1e8d001d386c @ 2 : 2f 03 00 GetKeyedProperty a0, [0]\n 0x1e8d001d386f @ 5 : a9 Return \n \n\nThe bytecodes generated are handled by various `[IGNITION_HANDLER](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/interpreter/interpreter-generator.cc;l=41>)`. For example, the `GetNamedProperty` bytecode is handled by [the following handler](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/interpreter/interpreter-generator.cc;l=522>).\n \n \n IGNITION_HANDLER(GetNamedProperty, InterpreterAssembler) {\n ...\n accessor_asm.LoadIC_BytecodeHandler(¶ms, &exit_point);\n \n BIND(&done);\n {\n SetAccumulator(var_result.value());\n Dispatch();\n }\n }\n \n\nThe handler delegates the task to `[LoadIC_BytecodeHandler](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;drc=242da5037807dde3daf097ba74f875db83b8b613;l=2992>)`. This function inspects the feedback collected by this particular bytecode (that is, the input passed to this bytecode operation so far) and determines how the property should be accessed. When the function is first run, there isn't any feedback, so the property access simply falls back to the slow runtime implementation. At the same time, feedback is collected, and optimized property access handlers are cached for the object `map` that was seen.\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::LoadIC_BytecodeHandler(const LazyLoadICParameters* p,\n ExitPoint* exit_point) {\n ...\n GotoIf(IsUndefined(p->vector()), &no_feedback);\n \n ...\n BIND(&no_feedback); //<---------- no feedback, falls back to runtime implementation\n {\n Comment(\"LoadIC_BytecodeHandler_nofeedback\");\n // Call into the stub that implements the non-inlined parts of LoadIC.\n exit_point->ReturnCallStub(\n Builtins::CallableFor(isolate(), Builtin::kLoadIC_NoFeedback),\n p->context(), p->receiver(), p->name(),\n SmiConstant(FeedbackSlotKind::kLoadProperty));\n }\n ...\n }\n \n\nAfter feedback is collected, the bytecode handler will try to look for a cached optimized property handler that is suitable for accessing the property of the current input:\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::LoadIC_BytecodeHandler(const LazyLoadICParameters* p,\n ExitPoint* exit_point) {\n ...\n // Inlined fast path.\n {\n Comment(\"LoadIC_BytecodeHandler_fast\");\n \n TVARIABLE(MaybeObject, var_handler);\n Label try_polymorphic(this), if_handler(this, &var_handler);\n \n TNode<MaybeObject> feedback = TryMonomorphicCase( //<-------- Look for cached handler\n p->slot(), CAST(p->vector()), lookup_start_object_map, &if_handler,\n &var_handler, &try_polymorphic);\n \n BIND(&if_handler); //<--------- handler found\n HandleLoadICHandlerCase(p, CAST(var_handler.value()), &miss, exit_point); //<------- try to use optimized handler\n ...\n }\n }\n \n\nIf a handler is found, then it's used to optimize the property access. If the handler is not found, or for some reason, the object fails certain checks, then a cache miss happens, and the function falls back to the slow path (bailout).\n\n### **Caching and using property access handler**[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#caching-and-using-property-access-handler>)\n\nWhen a cache miss happens, for example, because there is not enough feedback or because the object has a previously unknown `map`, various `*IC_Miss` runtime functions can be called to handle the case. In the case of a load, the `[LoadIC_Miss](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/ic.cc;l=2688;drc=242da5037807dde3daf097ba74f875db83b8b613>)` function is called:\n \n \n RUNTIME_FUNCTION(Runtime_LoadIC_Miss) {\n ...\n FeedbackSlotKind kind = vector->GetKind(vector_slot);\n if (IsLoadICKind(kind)) {\n LoadIC ic(isolate, vector, vector_slot, kind);\n ...\n RETURN_RESULT_OR_FAILURE(isolate, ic.Load(receiver, key));\n \n } ...\n \n\nIn this case, a `[LoadIC](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/ic.h;drc=49ce0f669d3e54b41b29cd8ad6213e28cf8fa8bc;l=181>)` object is created, and its `[Load](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/ic.cc;l=415>)` method is called. The `LoadIC::Load` method does not just bail out at runtime to perform the actual property load, but it also creates and caches a new optimized handler for when this case is next encountered. Apart from the `map` of the object, various properties of the object are used to create the handler.\n \n \n MaybeHandle<Object> LoadIC::Load(Handle<Object> object, Handle<Name> name,\n bool update_feedback,\n Handle<Object> receiver) {\n ...\n PropertyKey key(isolate(), name);\n LookupIterator it = LookupIterator(isolate(), receiver, key, object);\n ...\n if (it.IsFound() || !ShouldThrowReferenceError()) {\n // Update inline cache and stub cache.\n if (use_ic) {\n UpdateCaches(&it); //<--------- update inline cache\n } ...\n }...\n \n\n`UpdateCaches` then calls `[ComputeHandler](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/ic.cc;l=932>)` to create a new handler and update the inline cache when appropriate.\n \n \n Handle<Object> LoadIC::ComputeHandler(LookupIterator* lookup) {\n ...\n case LookupIterator::ACCESSOR: {\n Handle<JSObject> holder = lookup->GetHolder<JSObject>();\n ...\n FieldIndex field_index;\n if (Accessors::IsJSObjectFieldAccessor(isolate(), map, lookup->name(),\n &field_index)) {\n TRACE_HANDLER_STATS(isolate(), LoadIC_LoadFieldDH);\n return LoadHandler::LoadField(isolate(), field_index); //<-- Creates new handler\n }\n ...\n }\n ...\n }\n \n\n`ComputeHandler` uses the type of the property accessor (for example, simple data property, property defined by getter and setter, etc.), which is determined by the object `map` (and property name, which is fixed for the `GetNamedProperty` operation), to determine how to create the handler, and there may be further subcases within each case. For example, in the above, if the property is defined via a getter and setter pair (`ACCESSOR` case), and accesses the `length` property of either `Array` or `String` (which is what `[IsJSObjectFieldAccessor](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/builtins/accessors.cc;drc=cfcdde121f7532b2fa28a2997722374169b7d46f;l=67>)` is checking), then `LoadHandler::LoadField` will return a handler of the kind `kField`, with the `field_index`, which is the offset of the field, encoded in the handler.\n\nWhen the JavaScript function is run again, the `[AccessorAssembler::LoadIC](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;l=3068>)` function is called when the bytecode `GetNameProperty` is handled by `[LoadIC_BytecodeHandler](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;drc=242da5037807dde3daf097ba74f875db83b8b613;l=2992>)`. This first looks for a cached handler using `[TryMonomorphicCase](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;l=3086>)`. In this simple case, if the variable is of type `Array` or `String`, the handler created from before is found and applied using `[HandleLoadICSmiHandlerLoadNamedCase](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;l=633>)`:\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::HandleLoadICSmiHandlerLoadNamedCase(\n const LazyLoadICParameters* p, TNode<Object> holder,\n TNode<IntPtrT> handler_kind, TNode<WordT> handler_word, Label* rebox_double,\n TVariable<Float64T>* var_double_value, TNode<Object> handler, Label* miss,\n ExitPoint* exit_point, ICMode ic_mode, OnNonExistent on_nonexistent,\n ElementSupport support_elements) {\n ...\n \n GotoIf(WordEqual(handler_kind, LOAD_KIND(kField)), &field);\n ...\n BIND(&field);\n {\n ...\n HandleLoadField(CAST(holder), handler_word, var_double_value, rebox_double,\n miss, exit_point); //<----- loads the field from an offset encoded in `handler_word`\n ...\n } \n ...\n }\n \n\nIn this case, the handler (`handler_word`) is of the kind `kField` with the field offset encoded in it. The `HandleLoadField` then loads the field from the field offset directly, removing the need to load and call the getter.\n\nWhile the inline cache optimizes property accesses, care must be taken to ensure that the assumptions made when the handler is created remain valid when the handler is used in the case of a cache match.\n\n## JavaScript inheritance 101[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#javascript-inheritance-101>)\n\nThe vulnerability is in the handling of `super` property accesses in the inline cache. In this section, I'll briefly explain the concept of the `super` property in JavaScript.\n\nReaders who are familiar with other object oriented languages, such as Java and C++, may be surprised by how the `super` property works in JavaScript. Instead of accessing properties in the parent class, like in Java and C++:\n \n \n class A {\n int foo = 1;\n }\n \n class B extends A {\n public B() {\n super();\n super.foo; //<---- 1\n }\n }\n \n\nThe same code in JavaScript results in `super.foo` being undefined:\n \n \n class A {\n foo = 1;\n }\n \n class B extends A {\n constructor() {\n super();\n super.foo; //<------ undefined\n }\n }\n \n\nFor data properties, `super.foo` behaves similarly to `this.foo` and returns `undefined` unless the field is also defined explicitly on the object that calls `super.foo` (Readers who are in for a headache, can follow the discussions [here](<https://github.com/tc39/proposal-class-fields/issues/266>)). For property accessors (that is, properties, defined via getter and setter), however, the behavior is more consistent with other languages, in that the accessor defined in the parent class is called, with the `this` object being the calling object (receiver):\n \n \n class A {\n get prop() {\n return this.a;\n }\n }\n \n class B extends A {\n constructor() {\n super();\n this.a = 'B';\n }\n m() {\n return super.prop;\n }\n }\n \n var b = new B();\n b.m(); //<------ 'B'\n \n\nAs JavaScript classes are really defined via prototypes, all of the above can equally be done via prototype:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.prop;\n }\n }\n \n B.prototype.__proto__ = {get prop() {return this.x}};\n \n var b = new B();\n b.x = 1;\n b.m() //<-------- 1\n \n\nIn `B.prototype.__proto__` above, `B` is treated as the constructor of the class `B`. The field `prototype` of a function, when treated as a constructor, is the prototype of the object that this constructor is going to create:\n \n \n %DebugPrint(B.prototype);\n DebugPrint: 0x1c120004af39: [JS_OBJECT_TYPE]\n - map: 0x1c1200207d29 <Map(HOLEY_ELEMENTS)> [FastProperties]\n - prototype: 0x1c12001c4281 <Object map = 0x1c12002021e9>\n - elements: 0x1c1200002261 <FixedArray[0]> [HOLEY_ELEMENTS]\n - properties: 0x1c120004afb9 <PropertyArray[2]>\n - All own properties (excluding elements): {\n 0x1c1200004619: [String] in ReadOnlySpace: #constructor: 0x1c120004aefd <JSFunction B (sfi = 0x1c12001d374d)> (const data field 0), location: properties[0]\n 0x1c12001d3669: [String] in OldSpace: #m: 0x1c120004af1d <JSFunction m (sfi = 0x1c12001d3781)> (const data field 1), location: properties[1]\n }\n \n\nThis shows that the prototype of the object created by using `B` as a constructor has the `constructor` field as the function `B` and a method `m`, which is an object defined by class `B`. This prototype is, of course, just a JavaScript object, which means it can also have a prototype of its own. This is specified by the `__proto__` field. This prototype type (`B.prototype.__proto__`) now specifies a class inheritance. An object created by calling the constructor `B` now inherits the _data properties_ and methods in `B.prototype.__proto__`. This is similar to saying that `B.prototype.__proto__` is the template of an object in the parent class of `B`. This can be seen via the class inheritance syntax:\n \n \n class A {\n get prop() {\n return this.a;\n }\n }\n \n class B extends A {\n }\n \n %DebugPrint(B.prototype.__proto__)\n \n\nThe above gives this output in V8:\n \n \n DebugPrint: 0x24750004adf1: [JS_OBJECT_TYPE]\n ...\n - All own properties (excluding elements): {\n prop: 0x2475001d3a85 <AccessorPair> (accessor, dict_index: 2, attrs: [W_C])\n constructor: 0x24750004adb5 <JSFunction A (sfi = 0x2475001d3745)> (data, dict_index: 1, attrs: [W_C])\n }\n \n\nThis shows that `B.prototype.__proto__` is an object created by the constructor of class `A`. The main difference between using the class syntax and the prototype syntax is that, with the prototype syntax, a concrete object can now be supplied as the parent class object template, which means that it is possible to access data properties of the `B.prototype.__proto__` object as `super` properties:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.prop;\n }\n }\n \n B.prototype.__proto__ = {prop : 1};\n \n var b = new B();\n b.m() //<-------- 1\n \n\nNot only that, it is even possible to have an object and its parent class object have different JavaScript types:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.length;\n }\n }\n \n var b = new B();\n B.prototype.__proto__ = new Int8Array(1);\n b.m(); //<---- throw TypeError\n \n\nThe above code throws a `TypeError` when the accessor to `length` from `TypedArray` (`Int8Array`) is called on the object `B`, which is of `JS_OBJECT_TYPE`, instead of `JS_TYPED_ARRAY_TYPE`, so a `TypeError` is thrown when the accessor is applied to the object `b`, which is of the wrong type. In this case, it is important that the type check is performed, as the `length` accessor of `TypedArray` assumes the object has the layout of a `TypedArray` and would cause type confusion if it operates on an object of different type (for example, `JS_OBJECT`). This point is important to our vulnerability.\n\n## The SuperIC trilogy[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#the-superic-trilogy>)\n\nThe super inline cache (SuperIC) is the inline cache used for [super property](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/super>) accesses. The relevant bytecode is `GetNamedPropertyFromSuper` that is handled as [follows](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/interpreter/interpreter-generator.cc;l=558>):\n \n \n IGNITION_HANDLER(GetNamedPropertyFromSuper, InterpreterAssembler) {\n ...\n TNode<Object> result =\n CallBuiltin(Builtin::kLoadSuperIC, context, receiver,\n home_object_prototype, name, slot, feedback_vector);\n SetAccumulator(result);\n Dispatch();\n }\n \n\nPerhaps predictably, it is handled by the `[LoadSuperIC](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/c4430196c7c0ca1445dc48151912e659c80fc913:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;l=3127;drc=242da5037807dde3daf097ba74f875db83b8b613>)` function. The function follows a very similar flow to the `LoadIC` function described in the section ["Caching and using property access handler".](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#cachingandusingpropertyaccesshandler>) One level of complication introduced by super property is that the property is now defined not on the receiver (`this`) object, but rather, on the parent prototype. As such, the assumptions about object types and maps should be examined not only in the receiver object, but also the parent prototype, because as we have seen, these objects can have different types. In the inline cache code, this is specified by adding a `lookup_start_object` parameter:\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::LoadSuperIC(const LoadICParameters* p) {\n ...\n TNode<Map> lookup_start_object_map =\n LoadReceiverMap(p->lookup_start_object());\n ...\n \n\nIn the V8 code, the object where the property access is called (where `this` refers to) is referred to as the `receiver` or `home_object`. The confusion between this `lookup_start_object` and `receiver` has led to multiple vulnerabilities in the past. The first bug of this type was [CVE-2021-30517](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1203122>) reported by laural. As this bug introduces some concepts and techniques that are useful to understand the other bugs, I'll explain it in a bit more detail here.\n\nThe vulnerability happened when a specific type of handler, the `call_handler` is found during a cache lookup:\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::HandleLoadICHandlerCase(\n const LazyLoadICParameters* p, TNode<Object> handler, Label* miss,\n ExitPoint* exit_point, ICMode ic_mode, OnNonExistent on_nonexistent,\n ElementSupport support_elements, LoadAccessMode access_mode) {\n ...\n \n BIND(&call_handler);\n {\n exit_point->ReturnCallStub(LoadWithVectorDescriptor{}, CAST(handler),\n p->context(), p->receiver(), p->name(), //<------- receiver used in the call.\n p->slot(), p->vector());\n }\n }\n \n\nIn the case of SuperIC, the `lookup_start_object` should have been used as an argument to the call, but instead, the `receiver` was used, causing a function to be called on an object of the wrong type. The `call_handler` is a special handler that is only applicable to objects of type `String` and `Function`:\n \n \n Handle<Object> LoadIC::ComputeHandler(LookupIterator* lookup) {\n Handle<Object> receiver = lookup->GetReceiver();\n ...\n if (!IsAnyHas() && !lookup->IsElement()) {\n if (receiver->IsString() && *lookup->name() == roots.length_string()) {\n TRACE_HANDLER_STATS(isolate(), LoadIC_StringLength);\n return BUILTIN_CODE(isolate(), LoadIC_StringLength);\n }\n ...\n // Use specialized code for getting prototype of functions.\n if (receiver->IsJSFunction() &&\n *lookup->name() == roots.prototype_string() &&\n !JSFunction::cast(*receiver).PrototypeRequiresRuntimeLookup()) {\n TRACE_HANDLER_STATS(isolate(), LoadIC_FunctionPrototypeStub);\n return BUILTIN_CODE(isolate(), LoadIC_FunctionPrototype);\n }\n }\n \n\nWhen the `length` property of a `String` or the `prototype` property of a `JSFunction` is accessed, the inline cache will create a `call_handler` using `BUILTIN_CODE` in the above to encode the C++ function that needs to be called to access these properties. As this is a low-level function, it assumes the object is of the correct type with the correct memory layout, and it is therefore important to check the type of the object before calling the function. In the case of SuperIC, this is done by using the `map` of the `lookup_start_object` to determine a cache match. This ensures that `lookup_start_object` has the correct type to be used by the `call_handler`. However, in the problematic code, `receiver` is used instead for the call, which could have any object type. This causes the type confusion:\n \n \n class C {\n m() {\n super.prototype\n }\n }\n function f() {}\n C.prototype.__proto__ = f //<------ lookup_start_object => f: mathces handler for function type\n let c = new C();\n c.m(); //<----------- receiver => c, calling Function::prototype on c, which is a JS_OBJECT\n \n\nWhile this is the root cause of the problem, a closer look at `ComputeHandler` shows a potential problem in triggering the bug:\n \n \n Handle<Object> LoadIC::ComputeHandler(LookupIterator* lookup) {\n Handle<Object> receiver = lookup->GetReceiver();\n ...\n if (!IsAnyHas() && !lookup->IsElement()) {\n ...\n if (receiver->IsString() && *lookup->name() == roots.length_string()) {\n TRACE_HANDLER_STATS(isolate(), LoadIC_StringLength);\n return BUILTIN_CODE(isolate(), LoadIC_StringLength);\n }\n ...\n }\n \n\nAlthough the `call_handler` is called using the `receiver`, it is also the type of the `receiver` that was checked when the `call_handler` is created for the `super.prototype` operation. As the function that calls `super.prototype` would have to be defined in the definition of a class, it seems that the type of `receiver` cannot (object referred to by `this` in the function) change either. So it looks like the `receiver` would have to be of the correct type despite the mistake. To trigger the bug, we need to go beyond the simple case of the monomorphic inline cache.\n\n### **Megamorphic inline cache**[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#megamorphic-inline-cache>)\n\nAlthough in the simplest case, each function has its own inline cache for each property access, it is possible for different functions to share an inline cache. The inline cache can go through a transition and become megamorphic if it receives too many different object maps:\n \n \n function f(a) {\n return a.x;\n }\n \n\nIn the above, if the argument `a` always has the same `map`, then the inline cache will be monomorphic and can only handle receivers with the specific `map`. When objects of different maps are passed to `a`, the inline cache transitions into a polymorphic inline cache and is capable of handling multiple maps. However, there is a limit on the number of maps that a polymorphic cache can handle. If the number of different maps continues to increase, then the inline cache transitions into a megamorphic inline cache. In this case, the inline cache is shared by different functions and handlers created in one function can be used by another (if both are using the megamorphic cache). For example, in the following:\n \n \n function main() {\n function f() {}\n class A {\n m() {\n return super.prototype;\n }\n };\n A.prototype.__proto__ = f;\n f.prototype;\n let a = new A();\n a.m();\n }\n \n\nEverytime `main` is run, a new `map` is created for the class `A` (because it treats the class definition as new), and everytime `f` is assigned to `A.prototype.__proto__`, a new `map` is also assigned to `f` (because it becomes a prototype). For each call to `main`, the code `f.prototype` in `main` and `super.prototype` in `m` are both accessing properties of objects with a different `map`, so eventually, both of these accesses will use the megamorphic inline cache. When this happens, `super.prototype` will end up using the handler created by `f.prototype`:\n \n \n function main() {\n ...\n A.prototype.__proto__ = f;\n f.prototype; //<------ create handler for map of f in megamorphic cache\n let a = new A();\n a.m(); //<------ calls super.prototype, lookup_start_object is f,\n // so the handler created by f.prototype will be used\n // but `a` (receiver) will be used by the handler\n }\n \n\nBy using the megamorphic inline cache, the mistake made in passing the receiver, instead of `lookup_start_object` to the `call_handler` can be exploited to cause type confusion.\n\nIn October 2021, another bug, [CVE-2021-38001](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1260577>) that confused `receiver` and `lookup_start_object` was used in the Tianfu Cup competition by Qixun Zhao to cause remote code execution in Chrome. I'll refer readers to the bug ticket for more details.\n\n### **The vulnerability**[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#the-vulnerability>)\n\nThis brings us to the current vulnerability, which is the third bug of this kind in SuperIC. This bug occurs in the property accessor case. When a handler is created for a property accessor:\n \n \n Handle<Object> LoadIC::ComputeHandler(LookupIterator* lookup) {\n ...\n case LookupIterator::ACCESSOR: {\n ...\n CallOptimization call_optimization(isolate(), getter);\n if (call_optimization.is_simple_api_call()) { //<--------- 1.\n CallOptimization::HolderLookup holder_lookup;\n Handle<JSObject> api_holder =\n call_optimization.LookupHolderOfExpectedType(isolate(), map, //<----- 2.\n &holder_lookup);\n \n if (!call_optimization.IsCompatibleReceiverMap(api_holder, holder, //<----- 3.\n holder_lookup) ||\n !holder->HasFastProperties()) {\n TRACE_HANDLER_STATS(isolate(), LoadIC_SlowStub);\n return LoadHandler::LoadSlow(isolate());\n }\n \n smi_handler = LoadHandler::LoadApiGetter(\n isolate(), holder_lookup == CallOptimization::kHolderIsReceiver);\n ...\n \n\nIf the `getter` of the property is a `simple_api_call` (check, for 1.), two further checks in 2. and 3. will be done to ensure that `map` is of the appropriate type for `getter` to use. A `simple_api_call` is a way to let V8 use C++ functions defined externally when it is used as an [embedded](<https://v8.dev/docs/embed>) application.\n\nIn Chrome, V8 is not used as a standalone application but rather used as an [embedded](<https://v8.dev/docs/embed>) application in [Blink](<https://www.chromium.org/blink/>) (the rendering engine) and [PDFium](<https://pdfium.googlesource.com/pdfium/+/master/README.md>) (used for viewing PDF files). The interactions between V8 and its embedder (Blink, PDFium, etc.) are handled via the [V8](<https://v8.dev/docs/embed#advanced-guide>)API. On the one hand, the V8 API allows the embedder to access V8 objects and functionalities, while on the other hand, it also allows functions defined in the embedder to be called from V8. The latter functionality is provided by API calls and is used extensively in Blink to create JavaScript objects whose implementations are defined in Blink. I'll explain this in more detail later, but in essence, a `simple_api_call` can be thought of as a C++ function defined in the embedder that receives V8 objects as inputs. A `simple_api_call` expects its argument to have a certain memory layout, determined by the V8 object type, and it is important that V8 objects of the correct types are used when calling the function (C++ typing cannot distinguish different V8 object types, and under the hood, a `simple_api_call` simply casts a V8 object to the desired type). This is what the checks in 2. and 3. are about. The only problem is that they are checking the wrong `map`. The `map` being checked is the `map` of the `[lookup_start_object](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/dd1159653baab787bc341ddbf42af5aeab3c1634:v8/src/ic/ic.cc;drc=0e62a0d65e3d7f5c9d968adeae7c478c9434a940;l=962>)`:\n \n \n Handle<Object> LoadIC::ComputeHandler(LookupIterator* lookup) {\n ...\n Handle<Map> map = lookup_start_object_map();\n ...\n case LookupIterator::ACCESSOR: {\n \n\nHowever, recall that when a `super` accessor is called, the `receiver`, instead of the object where the accessor is defined, is used for the call:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.prop;\n }\n }\n \n var b = new B();\n var a = {get prop() {return this.x}, x : 'A'};\n b.x = 'B';\n \n B.prototype.__proto__ = A;\n \n b.m() //<-------- 'B'\n \n\nThe above would give `B` instead of `A`. This can be confirmed from how the API[ is called](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:v8/src/ic/accessor-assembler.cc;l=285>):\n \n \n void AccessorAssembler::HandleLoadAccessor(\n const LazyLoadICParameters* p, TNode<CallHandlerInfo> call_handler_info,\n TNode<WordT> handler_word, TNode<DataHandler> handler,\n TNode<IntPtrT> handler_kind, ExitPoint* exit_point) {\n ...\n BIND(&load);\n TNode<IntPtrT> argc = IntPtrConstant(0);\n exit_point->Return(CallApiCallback(context, callback, argc, data,\n api_holder.value(), p->receiver())); //<------- receiver is used to call the api\n }\n \n\nI hope I explained this well enough, but if you find this confusing, you're not alone. The situation is actually confusing enough that the initial patch, proposed by the developer, [had to be reverted](<https://chromium.googlesource.com/v8/v8/+/96c5daaea685c72abbc20b8083f6e40c87cabccd>).\n\n## **Interactions between V8 and Blink**[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#interactions-between-v8-and-blink>)\n\nIn Chrome, Blink is responsible for implementing the [Web API](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API>), which contains objects that are needed to render web pages but are not part of standard JavaScript objects (for example, the DOM window). While the functionalities of these objects and interfaces are implemented in Blink, they are often accessible as JavaScript objects. In this section, I'll describe how Blink objects are represented in V8 and how V8 can use functions implemented in Blink.\n\nTake the `[DOMRectReadOnly](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/DOMRectReadOnly>)` object for example. This is a simple object with some data fields, `x`, `y`, `height`, `width`, `top`, `right`, `bottom,` and `left` specifying the dimensions of a rectangle. It is defined in `[third_party/blink/renderer/core/geometry/dom_rect_read_only.h](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:third_party/blink/renderer/core/geometry/dom_rect_read_only.h>)`, with simple implementations for accessing these fields:\n \n \n class CORE_EXPORT DOMRectReadOnly : public ScriptWrappable {\n DEFINE_WRAPPERTYPEINFO();\n \n public:\n static DOMRectReadOnly* Create(double x,\n double y,\n double width,\n double height);\n ...\n \n double x() const { return x_; }\n ...\n protected:\n double x_;\n ...\n };\n \n\nWhen a `DOMRectReadOnly` object is created in JavaScript, two objects are created. First the Blink function `DOMRectReadOnly::Create` is called to create a `DOMRectReadOnly` object in Blink. This object is then wrapped in V8 as a `JS_API_OBJECT`, which has the following memory layout:\n\n\n\nThe important parts are the pointers at `0xc` and `0x10`. The first one is a pointer to the static `wrapper_type_info_` field defined in `[DOMRectReadOnly](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:third_party/blink/renderer/core/geometry/dom_rect.h:21>)`, which specifies the type of the Blink object that is wrapped. The second is the pointer at `0x10`, which points to the `DOMRectReadOnly` object created in Blink.\n\nOn the other hand, a Blink object that can be accessed from V8 inherits from the base class `[ScriptWrappable](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/platform/bindings/script_wrappable.h;l=53>)`. This class contains the field `[ScriptWrappable::main_world_wrapper_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/platform/bindings/script_wrappable.h;l=157>)` which provides a link back to the V8 object that wraps this Blink object.\n\n\n\nWhen a property or a method in the Blink object is accessed from JavaScript, generated code implemented in `gen/third_party/blink/bindings/*` is used to invoke the appropriate function implemented in Blink. For `DOMRectReadOnly`, the implementation is in `gen/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/v8_dom_rect_read_only.cc`. (The naming conventions of these files are `v8_<blink class name in snake case>`). For example, when the property `x` is read, the `XAttributeGetCallback` is used as the `getter` for the property `x`:\n \n \n void XAttributeGetCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) {\n ...\n v8::Local<v8::Object> v8_receiver = info.This();\n DOMRectReadOnly* blink_receiver =\n V8DOMRectReadOnly::ToWrappableUnsafe(v8_receiver); //<-------- 1.\n auto&& return_value = blink_receiver->x(); //<-------- 2.\n bindings::V8SetReturnValue(info, return_value,\n bindings::V8ReturnValue::PrimitiveType<double>());\n }\n \n\nIn the above, `v8_receiver` is the V8 object that wraps the Blink `DOMRectReadOnly` object. When `V8DOMRectReadOnly::ToWrappableUnsafe` is called, it checks that the V8 object represented by `v8_receiver` is either a `JS_OBJECT`, a `JS_API_OBJECT` or a `JS_SPECIAL_API_OBJECT` using the `[CanHaveInternalField](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/170ad143c610338c831676883be565fff8c71bb3:v8/src/api/api.cc;l=3838>)` check and then returns the pointer at `0x10` as the `blink_receiver` and casts it into a `DOMRectReadOnly` pointer (1. in the above). The function `[DOMRectReadOnly::x](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/af93b3d584c22547ae5d6c49c56df07f2f7a2ca5:third_party/blink/renderer/core/geometry/dom_rect_read_only.h;l=34>)` is then used to retrieve `x` as a double value (2. in the above).\n\nNormally, when calling an API function, like the above, a [check](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/334c8a70297520a868e1a4aa4f48bb157e1ce6d3:v8/src/builtins/builtins-api.cc;l=94>) is performed in `[HandleApiCallHelper](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/334c8a70297520a868e1a4aa4f48bb157e1ce6d3:v8/src/builtins/builtins-api.cc;l=51>)` to ensure that the function is called with a `v8_receiver` wrapping a Blink object of the correct type. However, the type confusion in ["the vulnerability"](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#thevulnerability>) allows me to bypass this and call a Blink `getter` on an arbitrary type of Blink object. This is a very strong primitive.\n\nNote that, because of the type check that is in place in `HandleApiCallHelper`, a super property access using API calls will throw a `TypeError` if the `receiver` is not of the type expected by the `getter`:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.x;\n }\n }\n B.prototype.__proto__ = new DOMRectReadOnly(1, 1, 1, 1);\n let b = new B();\n b.m(); //<---- throws TypeError: Illegal invocation\n \n\nTo avoid the type error being thrown while creating the inline cache, the megamorphic cache (see section [Megamorphic inline cache](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#megamorphicinlinecache>)) is used to construct the inline cache in a different function:\n \n \n class B {\n m() {\n return super.x;\n }\n }\n \n function main() {\n var domRect = new DOMRect(1, 1, 1, 1);\n domRect['a' + i] = 1;\n if (i < 20 - 1) {\n B.prototype.__proto__ = {}; //<----- sets to `{}` to avoid throw before triggering bug.\n } else {\n B.prototype.__proto__ = domRect; //<----- triggers the bug after inline cache is created.\n }\n let b = new B();\n \n b.x0 = 0x40404040;\n b.x1 = 0x41414141;\n b.x2 = 0x42424242;\n b.x3 = 0x43434343;\n domRect.x; //<------ create inline cache\n b.m(); //<------ use inline cache, type confusion on i == 20\n } \n \n for (let i = 0; i < 20; i++) main(i);\n \n\nThis is the basic template for triggering the bug (although I later discovered that putting a `try` block around `super.x` also works without the need to use a megamorphic inline cache).\n\n## Exploiting the bug[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#exploiting-the-bug>)\n\nNow that the primitives are clear, exploiting the bug is mostly down to finding Blink objects with the appropriate memory layout to exploit the type confusion. In what follows, I'll break down the exploit into three parts:\n\n 1. Construct an arbitrary read primitive that allows me to read from any address.\n 2. Leak the address of a particular V8 object. As the V8 heap is a simple linear heap, having the address of a particular V8 object allows me to also calculate the addresses of objects allocated after it. The read primitive constructed in step one can then be used to read the data in these objects. In particular, I can use it to leak addresses of object maps and addresses of `Array` backing stores.\n 3. Construct the `fakeObj` primitive to fake an arbitrary V8 object. This can then be used to construct a fake `Array` with `length` larger than the size of its backing store to achieve out-of-bounds (OOB) read and write.\n\nOnce I've achieved these primitives, achieving remote code execution is fairly standard.\n\n### Gaining arbitrary read primitive[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#gaining-arbitrary-read-primitive>)\n\nTo achieve arbitrary read, I'll use `[DeviceMotionEvent](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/334c8a70297520a868e1a4aa4f48bb157e1ce6d3:third_party/blink/renderer/modules/device_orientation/device_motion_event.h>)`. Its member `interval` is accessed using the `[interval](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/334c8a70297520a868e1a4aa4f48bb157e1ce6d3:third_party/blink/renderer/modules/device_orientation/device_motion_event.cc;l=63>)` function:\n \n \n class DeviceMotionEvent final : public Event {\n DEFINE_WRAPPERTYPEINFO();\n \n public:\n double DeviceMotionEvent::interval() const {\n //reads the field `interval_` from `device_motion_data_`\n return device_motion_data_->Interval();\n }\n \n ...\n private:\n Member<const DeviceMotionData> device_motion_data_;\n }\n \n class MODULES_EXPORT DeviceMotionData final\n : public GarbageCollected<DeviceMotionData> {\n public:\n ...\n double Interval() const { return interval_; }\n ...\n private:\n ...\n double interval_;\n };\n \n\nThis reads the value of `interval_` from an offset of the address of the `DeviceMotionEvent::device_motion_data_` field. So by using the type confusion to apply `interval` to another Blink object, whose field at the offset of `device_motion_data_` can be controlled, I can read data from an arbitrary address. There are various objects in Blink that are essentially data objects, such as the `DOMRect` that we encountered before, as well as the `[DOMMatrix](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/DOMMatrix>)`, which consists of sixteen contiguous `double` fields (`m11, ..., m44`). These are ideal objects to use here:\n\n\n\nBy using the type confusion to call `DeviceMotionEvent::interval` on `DOMMatrix`, it is then possible to read 8 bytes at an arbitrary address and returns the result as a `double`.\n\n### **Getting object address**[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#getting-object-address>)\n\nTo get the address of a V8 object, I'll use the `[ImageData](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/html/canvas/image_data.h;l=51>)` object. This object can be created with a `[Uint8ClampedArray](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint8ClampedArray>)` as its backing store.\n \n \n var imgData = new Uint8ClampedArray(48);\n var img = new ImageData(imgData, 8, 6);\n \n\nThe `imgData` `Uint8ClampedArray` that is passed to the constructor is stored as a pointer to a `DOMUint8ClampedArray` in the field `[ImageData::data_u8_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/html/canvas/image_data.h;l=224>)`. A `DOMUint8ClampedArray` is the Blink representation of a `Uint8ClampedArray` in V8. In particular, as explained in the section [Interactions between V8 and Blink](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#v8blink>), it is a `ScriptWrappable` object that contains a `main_world_wrapper_` field that can be used to retrieve the address of the `Uint8ClampedArray` (`imgData`) in V8.\n\nThe value of the `data_u8_` field (that points to a `DOMUint8ClampedArray`) can be read using a type confusion between a `DOMMatrix` with `ImageData` and then reading the appropriate field in `DOMMatrix` back as a `double`:\n\n\n\nOnce the value of `data_u8_` is obtained, the arbitrary read primitive I constructed before can be used multiple times to first read `data_u8_->main_world_wrapper_`, which is a location that contains the address of the `imgData` V8 object. The arbitrary read primitive can then be applied again to read the address of `imgData` in V8 from this location. This then gives the full address of the `imgData` V8 `Uint8ClampedArray` object. As V8 allocates objects in a linear fashion, addresses of objects that are allocated after `imgData` can also be computed from the address of `imgData`.\n\n### Creating arbitrary fake object[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#creating-arbitrary-fake-object>)\n\nWhile getting an information leak from a `getter` is easy, one may wonder how to turn this primitive into one that also allows arbitrary write. The answer is to cause type confusion in the object returned by the `getter`. Many Blink objects have properties that are JavaScript objects. For example, `[Request](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/fetch/request.h>)` has a `[signal](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/fetch/request.h;l=84>)` property that returns the member `[signal_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/fetch/request.h;l=120>)` as a JavaScript object when the property accessor in `gen/third_party/blink/nderer/bindings/core/v8/v8_request.cc` is called:\n \n \n void SignalAttributeGetCallback(\n const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) {\n RUNTIME_CALL_TIMER_SCOPE_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT(info.GetIsolate(),\n \"Blink_Request_signal_Getter\");\n BLINK_BINDINGS_TRACE_EVENT(\"Request.signal.get\");\n \n v8::Local<v8::Object> v8_receiver = info.This();\n Request* blink_receiver = V8Request::ToWrappableUnsafe(v8_receiver);\n auto&& return_value = blink_receiver->signal();\n bindings::V8SetReturnValue(info, return_value, blink_receiver);\n }\n \n\nIn the above, the `return_value` object returned from `blink_receiver->signal()` is a `ScriptWrappable` object (an `AbortSignal` to be precise) that gets returned as a V8 object using the `bindings::V8SetReturnValue` function. This function returns the address of the V8 object located in its `main_world_wrapper_` field. In order to create a fake JavaScript object as the return value, I can use a type confusion between `Request` and `[AudioData](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/modules/webcodecs/audio_data.h>)`. An `AudioData` object has a `[timestamp_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/modules/webcodecs/audio_data.h;l=67>)` field that is at the same offset as the `signal_` property of `Request` and can be set to an arbitrary `int64_t` value when creating the `AudioData`. The type confusion will cause the memory at the address represented by `timestamp_` to be interpreted as the `ScriptWrappable` object `return_value`. By specifying `timestamp_` to the address of some data that I can control, I can create a fake `return_value` object.\n\nTo do so, I first create some JavaScript objects in the following order:\n \n \n var imgDataStore = new ArrayBuffer(48)\n var imgData = new Uint8ClampedArray(imgDataStore);\n var doubleArr = [1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5];\n var objArr = [imgData];\n var img = new ImageData(imgData, 8, 6);\n \n\nRecall that in ["Getting object address"](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#objectaddress>). I obtained the address of the `DOMUint8ClampedArray` that backs `img` as the `[data_u8_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/html/canvas/image_data.h;l=224>)` field of `img`. As a `DOMUint8ClampedArray` stores a pointer to its backing store in the field `[raw_base_address_](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/a9048e03fba5ba168b4b84d5c96f9b11e24505fe:third_party/blink/renderer/core/typed_arrays/dom_array_buffer_view.h;l=143;drc=edd35d72b5ae24aab2f4829e2030e6e6ab7b7980>)` at offset 0x10, I can now use the type confusion between `AudioData` and `Request`, and then set `timestamp_` of `AudioData` to the value of `data_u8_ + 0x8`. This causes `data_u8_ + 0x8` to be interpreted as a pointer to a `ScriptWrappble` (`AbortSignal`) object and to be used as the return value for `blink_receiver->signal()`. This means that the `raw_base_address_` field of the `DOMUint8ClampedArray` (offset 0x10) is interpreted as the `main_world_wrapper_` (offset 0x8) of `return_value` from `blink_receiver->signal()`:\n\n\n\nThe first 8 bytes of `imgData` are now interpreted as the address of the V8 object that gets returned from the `Request::signal` JavaScript call. By setting it to an address with data that I control, I can use this to create a fake V8 object.\n\nTo fake this V8 object, I'll use the element store of the array `doubleArr`. As explained in the section "Trick #1: Use ArrayLiterals for Information" of [Exploiting CVE-2021-21225 and disabling W^X](<https://tiszka.com/blog/CVE_2021_21225_exploit.html>) by Brendon Tiszka, the elements in a small `Array` are inlined and either placed immediately before or after the `Array`, depending on elements type. The offset to the inlined elements can be found easily using `%DebugPrint`:\n \n \n var doubleArr = [1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5];\n %DebugPrint(doubleArr)\n DebugPrint: 0x20870004c869: [JSArray]\n ...\n - elements: 0x20870004c839 <FixedDoubleArray[5]> [PACKED_DOUBLE_ELEMENTS]\n ...\n \n\nThe address of the elements is stored in the field `elements`. So in our case, for example, the elements are placed at an offset of `-0x30` from the `Array` itself (`0x20870004c839 - 0x20870004c869`). By using the address of `imgData` obtained previously, the address of the `elements` can also be computed. This means that I can use `doubleArr` to create a V8 fake object and use it in the `main_world_wrapper_` of the fake `ScriptWrappable` (`AbortSignal`) object:\n\n\n\nI can then use this to obtain a fake `Array` that will give me an out-of-bounds (OOB) read and write primitive. In V8, a JavaScript `Array` has the following memory layout.\n\n\n\nA JavaScript object has its `map` as its first field. In V8, this field is used for determining the type of an object, so by putting the `map` of a double `Array` in our fake object, V8 will interpret it as a double array. By setting the `elements` field, which points to the backing store of the `Array`, to the same value as the `elements` of `doubleArr`, and then setting `length` to be a large value, I can cause the fake double `Array` that is returned from `Request::signal` to perform out-of-bounds reads and writes. Note that all the fields are of size 4 bytes. This is because all V8 addresses are stored as _compressed_ pointers. As the top 32 bits of all addresses within a V8 heap are the same, only the lower 32 bits of an address are stored. These addresses are called compressed pointers. The top 32 bits of the addresses are stored in a registry, which is then applied to the compressed addresses to obtain 64-bit addresses when dereferencing.\n\nOnce out-of-bounds read and write is achieved, gaining remote code execution is fairly standard and straightforward. Readers can consult, for example, "[Exploiting CVE-2021-21225 and disabling W^X](<https://tiszka.com/blog/CVE_2021_21225_exploit.html>)" by Brendon Tiszka or the "Gaining code execution" section of my other [article](<https://securitylab.github.com/research/in_the_wild_chrome_cve_2021_30632/>).\n\nAt this stage, gaining remote code execution consists of the following steps. Let's call the fake object I've obtained the fake `signal` (which is interpreted as a double `Array` with a large length that allows me to overwrite and read any object that is placed after the variable `doubleArr`).\n\n 1. Place an `Object` `Array` after `doubleArr,`and use the OOB read primitive to read the addresses of the objects stored in this array. This allows me to obtain the address of any V8 object.\n 2. Create a `[WebAssembly.Instance](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WebAssembly/Instance>)` object, and use step one to obtain its address, then use the arbitrary address read primitive to read the pointer to the compiled `wasm` code. This will be the address of a `RWX` page that contains the code to be executed when the `main` function of the `WebAssembly.Instance` object is called. (The `[WebAssembly.Instance](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WebAssembly/Instance>)` is created in the "Old space," so its address cannot be read simply by using the OOB read primitive.)\n 3. Place a `TypedArray` object after `doubleArr,` and use the OOB write primitive to overwrite its `data_ptr` field to the `RWX` page address leaked from step two.\n 4. As the `data_ptr` field of a `TypedArray` points to its backing store, writing to the `TypedArray` now overwrites the `wasm` code that will be executed by the `WebAssembly.Instance` object from step two. I can then write shell code to the `TypedArray` to achieve code execution.\n\nAs I've reported in my [previous article](<https://securitylab.github.com/research/in_the_wild_chrome_cve_2021_37975/>) on Linux and ChromeOS, a flag `wasm-memory-protection-keys` was introduced to protect `wasm` code region from being overwritten (see "The beginning of the end of `wasm RWX`?" section in that article). This, however, can be bypassed by simply overwriting the `wasm-memory-protection-keys` as I did in that article.\n\nThe exploit can be found [here](<https://github.com/github/securitylab/tree/main/SecurityExploits/Chrome/v8/CVE_2022_1134>) with some setup notes.\n\n## The four-part trilogy[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#the-four-part-trilogy>)\n\nAs functionalities in V8 are often implemented in multiple places, according to the optimization level, the same bug sometimes occurs multiple times in the different implementations. For example, the bug [CVE-2018-18359](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=907714>) reported by cyrilliu was an OOB access bug, because `[Reflect.construct](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/construct>)` assumed all constructor functions have the `prototype` field (not the same as the `prototype` field in the JavaScript object, but rather an internal field in the C++ object) and accessed it from a memory offset directly. Unfortunately, the `[Proxy constructor](<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy>)` is an exception. Not only does it not have the `prototype` field, but accessing it can result in OOB access. This bug was found in the slow runtime implementation. A few months later, the same issue was found in the JIT implementation of `Reflect.construct` by Samuel Gro\u00df as [CVE-2019-5843](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1799>). Yet a few months later, the same bug in the `[torque](<https://v8.dev/docs/torque>)` implementation was found as [CVE-2019-5877](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=999310>) and was used as part of the [TiYuZong full chain](<https://github.com/secmob/TiYunZong-An-Exploit-Chain-to-Remotely-Root-Modern-Android-Devices/blob/master/us-20-Gong-TiYunZong-An-Exploit-Chain-to-Remotely-Root-Modern-Android-Devices-wp.pdf>) of Guang Gong. So let's learn from history, and check the other implementations of super property access. As it turns out, the JIT implementation also suffers the same problem. When compiling optimized code for simple API property access, the JIT implementation checks the map in `[AccessorAccessInfoHelper](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/75c36c7712bea160e69de6b87b864dfcebab239e:v8/src/compiler/access-info.cc;l=573>)`:\n \n \n PropertyAccessInfo AccessorAccessInfoHelper(\n Isolate* isolate, Zone* zone, JSHeapBroker* broker,\n const AccessInfoFactory* ai_factory, MapRef receiver_map, NameRef name,\n MapRef map, base::Optional<JSObjectRef> holder, AccessMode access_mode,\n AccessorsObjectGetter get_accessors) {\n ...\n CallOptimization::HolderLookup lookup;\n Handle<JSObject> holder_handle = broker->CanonicalPersistentHandle(\n optimization.LookupHolderOfExpectedType(\n broker->local_isolate_or_isolate(), receiver_map.object(), //<------- checks that the receiver_map is compatible\n &lookup));\n \n\nOn the face of it, it seems to be correct, as we've seen in the section ["The vulnerability,"](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#heading=h.iddgaybfi3d2>) that property accessor operates on the `receiver` rather than the `lookup_start_object`, so the `map` of the `receiver` should be checked, which is what it does here. The only problem is that the `receiver_map` is not the `map` of the `receiver`. The `AccessorAccessInfoHelper` is used, for example, in `[ReducedNameAccess](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/75c36c7712bea160e69de6b87b864dfcebab239e:v8/src/compiler/js-native-context-specialization.cc;l=1040>)` to create `PropertyAccessInfo` (2 in the below snippet):\n \n \n Reduction JSNativeContextSpecialization::ReduceNamedAccess(\n Node* node, Node* value, NamedAccessFeedback const& feedback,\n AccessMode access_mode, Node* key) {\n ...\n ZoneVector<MapRef> inferred_maps(zone());\n if (!InferMaps(lookup_start_object, effect, &inferred_maps)) { //<----------- 1.\n for (const MapRef& map : feedback.maps()) {\n inferred_maps.push_back(map);\n }\n }\n ...\n {\n ZoneVector<PropertyAccessInfo> access_infos_for_feedback(zone());\n for (const MapRef& map : inferred_maps) {\n ...\n PropertyAccessInfo access_info = broker()->GetPropertyAccessInfo(\n map, feedback.name(), access_mode, dependencies()); //<------------ 2.\n access_infos_for_feedback.push_back(access_info);\n \n\nThe argument `map` passed in `GetPropertyAccessInfo` in 2 eventually becomes the `receiver_map` that is passed to `AccessorAccessInfoHelper`. However, this `map` is, in fact, a map that is inferred from the `lookup_start_object`, instead of the `receiver` (1 in the above), so the `lookup_start_object` map was checked in the JIT implementation as well. On the other hand, the `[BuildPropertyLoad](<https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/75c36c7712bea160e69de6b87b864dfcebab239e:v8/src/compiler/js-native-context-specialization.cc;l=2220>)` is used to compile code for loading properties, which uses the actual `receiver` to make the call:\n \n \n base::Optional<JSNativeContextSpecialization::ValueEffectControl>\n JSNativeContextSpecialization::BuildPropertyLoad(\n Node* lookup_start_object, Node* receiver, Node* context, Node* frame_state,\n Node* effect, Node* control, NameRef const& name,\n ZoneVector<Node*>* if_exceptions, PropertyAccessInfo const& access_info) {\n ...\n Node* value;\n if (access_info.IsNotFound()) {\n value = jsgraph()->UndefinedConstant();\n } else if (access_info.IsFastAccessorConstant() ||\n access_info.IsDictionaryProtoAccessorConstant()) {\n ...\n value =\n InlinePropertyGetterCall(receiver, receiver_mode, context, frame_state, //<---- receiver used for making getter call\n &effect, &control, if_exceptions, access_info);\n } else if (access_info.IsModuleExport()) {\n \n\nSo the JIT implementation also suffers the problem. I reported this as bug [1309467](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1309467>) and included a proof of concept to show that it can bypass the original [patch](<https://chromium.googlesource.com/v8/v8/+/9c3d4b3556b2797fa9d9f4bee915e8502608312f>). It was disclosed in Chrome release [102.0.5005.61](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_24.html>) as CVE-2022-1869.\n\n## Conclusions[](<https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/#conclusions>)\n\nIn this post I've covered CVE-2022-1134 and some variants of the bug. I've also looked at some internals of inline caching in V8 and how V8 interacts with Blink via the V8 API. Apart from being a close variant of two previous bugs (with one used in the high profile Tianfu cup pwning contest), which highlights the complexity of the property access system in V8, the current bug also involves the interactions between Blink and V8 and could not be found by fuzzing V8 alone (which is unlike the previous two variants).\n\nIn most public research, researchers either focus on bugs that are specific to V8 or Blink, and the bugs involved rarely cross the boundary between the two. Recently, there have been bugs that were exploited in the wild that involve Blink objects breaking assumptions in V8, such as [CVE-2021-30551](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild//0day-RCAs/2021/CVE-2021-30551.html>) and [CVE-2022-1096](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>). Being able to discover and exploit these bugs requires a great wealth and depth of knowledge in both Blink and V8, and these bugs give us a glimpse of both the resources and expertise that bad actors possess and perhaps an area where more research is needed.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.0", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-06-29T18:39:46", "type": "github", "title": "The Chromium super (inline cache) type confusion", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2018-18359", "CVE-2019-5843", "CVE-2019-5877", "CVE-2021-21225", "CVE-2021-30517", "CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-38001", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1134", "CVE-2022-1869"], "modified": "2022-07-06T16:18:38", "id": "GITHUB:D9472F716C46C02F88677DBAD0EEA334", "href": "https://github.blog/2022-06-29-the-chromium-super-inline-cache-type-confusion/", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "hivepro": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-30T07:42:21", "description": "For a detailed threat digest, download the pdf file here Published Vulnerabilities Interesting Vulnerabilities Active Threat Groups Targeted Countries Targeted Industries ATT&CK TTPs 340 10 5 53 24 84 The fourth week of March 2022 witnessed the discovery of 340 vulnerabilities out of which 10 gained the attention of Threat Actors and security researchers worldwide. Among these 10, there was 1 which is undergoing reanalysis, and 2 were not present in the NVD at all. Hive Pro Threat Research Team has curated a list of 10 CVEs that require immediate action. Furthermore, we also observed five threat actor groups being highly active in the last week. The Lapsus$, a new extortion threat actor group had attacked popular organizations such as Brazilian Ministry of Health, NVIDIA, Samsung, Vodafone, Ubisoft, Octa, and Microsoft for data theft and destruction, was observed using the Redline info-stealer. Additionally, North Korean state hackers known as Lazarus group, was exploiting the zero-day vulnerability in Google Chrome's web browser (CVE-2022-0609). AvosLocker is a Ransomware as a Service (RaaS) affiliate-based group that has targeted 50+ organizations is currently exploiting Proxy Shell vulnerabilities (CVE-2021-31206, CVE-2021-31207, CVE-2021-34523, CVE-2021-34473, CVE-2021-26855). The threat actor APT35 aka Magic Hound, an Iranian-backed threat group is exploiting the Proxy Shell vulnerabilities to attack organizations across the globe. Another South Korean APT group DarkHotel was targeting the hospitality industry in China. Common TTPs which could potentially be exploited by these threat actors or CVEs can be found in the detailed section below. Detailed Report: Interesting Vulnerabilities: Vendor CVEs Patch Link CVE-2021-34484 CVE-2022-21919 https://central.0patch.com/auth/login CVE-2022-0609* CVE-2022-1096* https://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/?standalone=1 CVE-2021-31206 CVE-2021-31207 CVE-2021-34523 CVE-2021-34473 CVE-2021-26855 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31206 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31207 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-34473 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-34523 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-26855 CVE-2022-0543 https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-0543 Active Actors: Icon Name Origin Motive APT 35 (Magic Hound, Cobalt Illusion, Charming Kitten, TEMP.Beanie, Timberworm, Tarh Andishan, TA453, ITG18, Phosphorus, Newscaster) Iran Information theft and espionage AvosLocker Unknown Ecrime, Information theft, and Financial gain Lazarus Group (Labyrinth Chollima, Group 77, Hastati Group, Whois Hacking Team, NewRomanic Cyber Army Team, Zinc, Hidden Cobra, Appleworm, APT-C-26, ATK 3, SectorA01, ITG03) North Korea Information theft and espionage, Sabotage and destruction, Financial crime Lapsus$ (DEV-0537) Unknown Data theft and Destruction DarkHotel (APT-C-06, SIG25, Dubnium, Fallout Team, Shadow Crane, CTG-1948, Tungsten Bridge, ATK 52, Higaisa, TAPT-02, Luder) South Korea Information theft and espionage Targeted Location: Targeted Sectors: Common TTPs: TA0042: Resource Development TA0001: Initial Access TA0002: Execution TA0003: Persistence TA0004: Privilege Escalation TA0005: Defense Evasion TA0006: Credential Access TA0007: Discovery TA0008: Lateral Movement TA0009: Collection TA0011: Command and Control TA0010: Exfiltration TA0040: Impact T1583: Acquire Infrastructure T1189: Drive-by Compromise T1059: Command and Scripting Interpreter T1098: Account Manipulation T1548: Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism T1548: Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism T1110: Brute Force T1010: Application Window Discovery T1021: Remote Services T1560: Archive Collected Data T1071: Application Layer Protocol T1048: Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol T1485: Data Destruction T1583.001: Domains T1190: Exploit Public-Facing Application T1059.001: PowerShell T1547: Boot or Logon Autostart Execution T1134: Access Token Manipulation T1134: Access Token Manipulation T1110.003: Password Spraying T1083: File and Directory Discovery T1021.001: Remote Desktop Protocol T1560.003: Archive via Custom Method T1071.001: Web Protocols T1048.003: Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol T1486: Data Encrypted for Impact T1583.006: Web Services T1133: External Remote Services T1059.005: Visual Basic T1547.006: Kernel Modules and Extensions T1134.002: Create Process with Token T1134.002: Create Process with Token T1056: Input Capture T1120: Peripheral Device Discovery T1021.002: SMB/Windows Admin Shares T1560.002: Archive via Library T1132: Data Encoding T1041: Exfiltration Over C2 Channel T1491: Defacement T1587: Develop Capabilities T1566: Phishing T1059.004: Unix Shell T1547.001: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder T1547: Boot or Logon Autostart Execution T1564: Hide Artifacts T1056.004: Credential API Hooking T1057: Process Discovery T1021.004: SSH T1213: Data from Information Repositories T1132.001: Standard Encoding T1537: Transfer Data to Cloud Account T1491.001: Internal Defacement T1587.001: Malware T1566.001: Spearphishing Attachment T1059.003: Windows Command Shell T1547.009: Shortcut Modification T1547.006: Kernel Modules and Extensions T1564.001: Hidden Files and Directories T1056.001: Keylogging T1012: Query Registry T1005: Data from Local System T1001: Data Obfuscation T1561: Disk Wipe T1588: Obtain Capabilities T1199: Trusted Relationship T1203: Exploitation for Client Execution T1543: Create or Modify System Process T1547.001: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder T1562: Impair Defenses T1003: OS Credential Dumping T1082: System Information Discovery T1074: Data Staged T1001.003: Protocol Impersonation T1561.001: Disk Content Wipe T1588.004: Digital Certificates T1078: Valid Accounts T1106: Native API T1543.003: Windows Service T1547.009: Shortcut Modification T1562.004: Disable or Modify System Firewall T1111: Two-Factor Authentication Interception T1016: System Network Configuration Discovery T1074.001: Local Data Staging T1573: Encrypted Channel T1561.002: Disk Structure Wipe T1588.006: Vulnerabilities T1053: Scheduled Task/Job T1133: External Remote Services T1543: Create or Modify System Process T1562.001: Disable or Modify Tools T1552: Unsecured Credentials T1033: System Owner/User Discovery T1056: Input Capture T1573.001: Symmetric Cryptography T1490: Inhibit System Recovery T1204: User Execution T1137: Office Application Startup T1543.003: Windows Service T1070: Indicator Removal on Host T1124: System Time Discovery T1056.004: Credential API Hooking T1008: Fallback Channels T1489: Service Stop T1204.002: Malicious File T1542: Pre-OS Boot T1068: Exploitation for Privilege Escalation T1070.004: File Deletion T1056.001: Keylogging T1105: Ingress Tool Transfer T1529: System Shutdown/Reboot T1047: Windows Management Instrumentation T1542.003: Bootkit T1055: Process Injection T1070.006: Timestomp T1571: Non-Standard Port T1053: Scheduled Task/Job T1055.001: Dynamic-link Library Injection T1036: Masquerading T1090: Proxy T1505: Server Software Component T1053: Scheduled Task/Job T1036.005: Match Legitimate Name or Location T1090.002: External Proxy T1505.003: Web Shell T1078: Valid Accounts T1027: Obfuscated Files or Information T1078: Valid Accounts T1027.006: HTML Smuggling T1027.002: Software Packing T1542: Pre-OS Boot T1542.003: Bootkit T1055: Process Injection T1055.001: Dynamic-link Library Injection T1218: Signed Binary Proxy Execution T1218.001: Compiled HTML File T1078: Valid Accounts T1497: Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion Threat Advisories: Microsoft\u2019s privilege escalation vulnerability that refuses to go away Google Chrome\u2019s second zero-day in 2022 Magic Hound Exploiting Old Microsoft Exchange ProxyShell Vulnerabilities AvosLocker Ransomware group has targeted 50+ Organizations Worldwide North Korean state-sponsored threat actor Lazarus Group exploiting Chrome Zero-day vulnerability LAPSUS$ \u2013 New extortion group involved in the breach against Nvidia, Microsoft, Okta and Samsung DarkHotel APT group targeting the Hospitality Industry in China New Threat Actor using Serpent Backdoor attacking French Entities Muhstik botnet adds another vulnerability exploit to its arsenal", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-03-29T13:56:10", "type": "hivepro", "title": "Weekly Threat Digest: 21 \u2013 27 March 2022", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-26855", "CVE-2021-31206", "CVE-2021-31207", "CVE-2021-34473", "CVE-2021-34484", "CVE-2021-34523", "CVE-2022-0543", "CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-21919"], "modified": "2022-03-29T13:56:10", "id": "HIVEPRO:E7F36EC1E4DCF018F94ECD22747B7093", "href": "https://www.hivepro.com/weekly-threat-digest-21-27-march-2022/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "avleonov": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-23T12:23:39", "description": "Hello everyone! This episode will be about Microsoft Patch Tuesday for April 2022 and new improvements in my [Vulristics](<https://github.com/leonov-av/vulristics>) project. I decided to add more comment sources. Because it's not just Tenable, Qualys, Rapid7 and ZDI make Microsoft Patch Tuesday reviews, but also other security companies and bloggers. \n\nAlternative video link (for Russia): <https://vk.com/video-149273431_456239085>\n\nYou can see them in my automated security news telegram channel [avleonovnews](<https://t.me/avleonovnews>) after every second Tuesday of the month. So, now you can add any links with CVE comments to Vulristics.\n\nFor April Patch Tuesday I will add these sources:\n\n * [Kaspersky](<https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/microsoft-patches-128-vulnerabilities/44099/>)\n * [KrebsOnSecurity](<https://krebsonsecurity.com/2022/04/microsoft-patch-tuesday-april-2022-edition/>)\n * [ComputerWeekly](<https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252515909/Microsoft-patches-two-zero-days-10-critical-bugs>)\n * [TheHackersNews](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/microsoft-issues-patches-for-2-windows.html>)\n * [Threatpost](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-zero-days-wormable-bugs/179273/>)\n\nLet's see if they highlight different sets of vulnerabilities.\n \n \n $ cat comments_links.txt\n Qualys|April 2022 Patch Tuesday: Microsoft Releases 145 Vulnerabilities with 10 Critical; Adobe Releases 4 Advisories, 78 Vulnerabilities with 51 Critical.|https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/04/12/april-2022-patch-tuesday\n ZDI|THE APRIL 2022 SECURITY UPDATE REVIEW|https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/blog/2022/4/11/the-april-2022-security-update-review\n Kaspersky|A bunch of vulnerabilities in Windows, one already exploited|https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/microsoft-patches-128-vulnerabilities/44099/\n KrebsOnSecurity|Microsoft Patch Tuesday, April 2022 Edition|https://krebsonsecurity.com/2022/04/microsoft-patch-tuesday-april-2022-edition/\n ComputerWeekly|Microsoft patches two zero-days, 10 critical bugs|https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252515909/Microsoft-patches-two-zero-days-10-critical-bugs\n TheHackersNews|Microsoft Issues Patches for 2 Windows Zero-Days and 126 Other Vulnerabilities|https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/microsoft-issues-patches-for-2-windows.html\n Threatpost|Microsoft Zero-Days, Wormable Bugs Spark Concern|https://threatpost.com/microsoft-zero-days-wormable-bugs/179273/\n\nI have also added links to [Qualys](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/04/12/april-2022-patch-tuesday>) and [ZDI](<https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/blog/2022/4/11/the-april-2022-security-update-review>) blogposts. Qualys didn't fix their blog search (apparently no one uses it). ZDI don't have a blog search, and duckduckgo stopped indexing them properly. \n\nIn addition, Tenable closed access to their [tenable.com](<http://tenable.com>). This is rather ironic considering that [Russian Tenable Security Day](<https://tenable-day.tiger-optics.ru/>) took place on February 10, 2022, just two months ago. [I participated in it](<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5T3ftcFwdY>). It was a formal event with [Tenable's EMEA CTO and Regional Manager](<https://t.me/avleonovcom/961>). And now we are not talking about any support, updates and licenses for Russian companies and individuals, but even about access to the Tenable website. This is how the situation can change rapidly, if you trust Western vendors. Try not to do this.\n\nBut in any case, you can still use the Tenable blog as a source of comments about Patch Tuesday vulnerabilities. I have added socks proxy support to Vulristics.\n \n \n vulners_key = \"SFKJKEWRID2JFIJ...AAK3DHKSJD\"\n proxies = {\n 'http': \"socks5://<host>:<port>\",\n 'https': \"socks5://<host>:<port>\"\n }\n\nI run the command like this:\n \n \n $ python3.8 vulristics.py --report-type \"ms_patch_tuesday_extended\" --mspt-year 2022 --mspt-month \"April\" --mspt-comments-links-path \"comments_links.txt\" --rewrite-flag \"True\"\n\nJust like last month, I'm taking into account not only the vulnerabilities published on April 11 (117 CVEs), but also all the vulnerabilities since last Patch Tuesday (40 CVEs). There are a total of 157 CVEs in the report.\n \n \n MS PT Year: 2022\n MS PT Month: April\n MS PT Date: 2022-04-12\n MS PT CVEs found: 117\n Ext MS PT Date from: 2022-03-09\n Ext MS PT Date to: 2022-04-11\n Ext MS PT CVEs found: 40\n ALL MS PT CVEs: 157\n\n * Critical: 5\n * High: 51\n * Medium: 91\n * Low: 10\n\nLet's start with the critical ones:\n\n * **Elevation of Privilege** - Windows Common Log File System Driver ([CVE-2022-24521](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24521>)). Exploitation in the wild is mentioned in AttackerKB and Microsoft. Public exploit is mentioned by Microsoft in CVSS Temporal Score (Functional Exploit). Since this vulnerability only allows a privilege escalation, it is likely paired with a separate code execution bug. This vulnerability was reported by the US National Security Agency.\n * **Remote Code Execution** - Remote Procedure Call Runtime ([CVE-2022-26809](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-26809>)). An unauthenticated, remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending \u201ca specially crafted RPC call to an RPC host.\u201d The vulnerability could allow a remote attacker to execute code at high privileges on an affected system. Since no user interaction is required, these factors combine to make this wormable, at least between machine where RPC can be reached. A proof of concept of this vulnerability [is available on giithub](<https://github.com/XmasSnow1/cve-2022-26809>). Other RCEs in RPC ([CVE-2022-24492](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24492>), [CVE-2022-24528](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24528>)) were also classified as Critical, but this is due to misattribution of exploits. The only exploitable is [CVE-2022-26809](<https://vulners.com/githubexploit/706a6eeb-1d07-53eb-8455-f7809863dadc>). \n * ****Remote Code Execution**** - Microsoft Edge ([CVE-2022-1096](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-1096>)). In Vulristics report it was detected as **Unknown Vulnerability Type** because it's impossible to detect vulnerability type by description. "This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this vulnerability. Please see Google Chrome Releases for more information. Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-1096 exists in the wild." In fact it is a well-known 0day RCE in Chrome, that affected all other Chromium-based browsers. Exploitation in the wild is mentioned in AttackerKB. The Vulristics report states that "Public exploit is found at Vulners". However, it's just a "Powershell script that dumps Chrome and Edge version to a text file in order to determine if you need to update due to CVE-2022-1096". Yes, it is difficult to determine what exactly was uploaded on github.\n\nNow let's see the most interesting vulnerabilities with the High level.\n\n * **Elevation of Privilege** - Windows User Profile Service ([CVE-2022-26904](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-26904>)). This vulnerability supposed to have been fixed in the August 2021 update, when it was tracked as CVE-2021-34484. However, the researcher who discovered it later discovered a bypass, and then when that was fixed again in January, he went and bypassed it a second time. Not only is PoC out there for it, there\u2019s a [Metasploit module](<https://vulners.com/metasploit/msf:exploit/windows/local/cve_2022_26904_superprofile/>) as well. This privilege escalation vulnerability allows an attacker to gain code execution at SYSTEM level on affected systems. The vulnerability relies on winning a race condition, which can be tricky to reliably achieve.\n * **Information Disclosure** - Windows Kernel ([CVE-2022-24483](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24483>)). Little is known about this vulnerability and no one has highlighted this vulnerability, but there is a [PoC for it on github](<https://github.com/waleedassar/CVE-2022-24483>).\n * **Remote Code Execution** - Windows DNS Server ([CVE-2022-26812](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-26812>), [CVE-2022-26814](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-26814>), [CVE-2022-26829](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-26829>)). Also, no one highlighted this vulnerability. Public exploit is mentioned by Microsoft in CVSS Temporal Score (Proof-of-Concept Exploit). There were 18(!) DNS Server bugs receiving patches this month.\n\nFor the remaining vulnerabilities, there is neither a sign of exploitation in the wild, nor a sign of a public exploit. Let's see the most interesting ones.\n\n * **Remote Code Execution** - Windows SMB ([CVE-2022-24500](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24500>)). This vulnerability requires that a user with an affected version of Windows access a malicious server. An attacker would have to host a specially crafted server share or website. Exploitability Assessment: Exploitation Less Likely. **Remote Code Execution** - Windows Kernel ([CVE-2022-24541](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24541>)) is actually a similar SMB vulnerability as well.\n * **Remote Code Execution** - Windows Network File System ([CVE-2022-24491](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24491>), [CVE-2022-24497](<https://vulners.com/cve/CVE-2022-24497>)). An attacker could send a specially crafted NFS protocol network message to a vulnerable Windows machine, which could enable remote code execution. NOTE: This vulnerability is only exploitable for systems that have the NFS role enabled. Exploitability Assessment: Exploitation More Likely.\n\nAs you can see, additional sources of comments actually repeat everything that ZDI, Qualys, Rapid7 and Tenable highlight, but sometimes they add interesting details about vulnerabilities.\n\nThe full report is available: [ms_patch_tuesday_april2022_report](<https://avleonov.com/vulristics_reports/ms_patch_tuesday_april2022_report_with_comments_ext_img.html>)", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-04-23T09:22:32", "type": "avleonov", "title": "Microsoft Patch Tuesday April 2022 and custom CVE comments sources in Vulristics", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-34484", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-24483", "CVE-2022-24491", "CVE-2022-24492", "CVE-2022-24497", "CVE-2022-24500", "CVE-2022-24521", "CVE-2022-24528", "CVE-2022-24541", "CVE-2022-26809", "CVE-2022-26812", "CVE-2022-26814", "CVE-2022-26829", "CVE-2022-26904"], "modified": "2022-04-23T09:22:32", "id": "AVLEONOV:535BC5E36A5D2C8F60753A2CD4676692", "href": "https://avleonov.com/2022/04/23/microsoft-patch-tuesday-april-2022-and-custom-cve-comments-sources-in-vulristics/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "securelist": [{"lastseen": "2022-05-30T13:56:48", "description": "\n\n * [IT threat evolution in Q1 2022](<https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-q1-2022/106513/>)\n * **IT threat evolution in Q1 2022. Non-mobile statistics**\n * [IT threat evolution in Q1 2022. Mobile statistics](<https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-in-q1-2022-mobile-statistics/106589/>)\n\n_These statistics are based on detection verdicts of Kaspersky products and services received from users who consented to providing statistical data._\n\n## Quarterly figures\n\nAccording to Kaspersky Security Network, in Q1 2022:\n\n * Kaspersky solutions blocked 1,216,350,437 attacks from online resources across the globe.\n * Web Anti-Virus recognized 313,164,030 unique URLs as malicious.\n * Attempts to run malware for stealing money from online bank accounts were stopped on the computers of 107,848 unique users.\n * Ransomware attacks were defeated on the computers of 74,694 unique users.\n * Our File Anti-Virus detected 58,989,058 unique malicious and potentially unwanted objects.\n\n## Financial threats\n\n### Financial threat statistics\n\nIn Q1 2022 Kaspersky solutions blocked the launch of at least one piece of malware designed to steal money from bank accounts on the computers of 107,848 unique users.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by financial malware, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231205/01-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n#### Geography of financial malware attacks\n\n_To evaluate and compare the risk of being infected by banking Trojans and ATM/POS malware worldwide, for each country and territory we calculated the share of users of Kaspersky products who faced this threat during the reporting period as a percentage of all users of our products in that country or territory._\n\n_Geography of financial malware attacks, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231231/02-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries by share of attacked users**\n\n| **Country*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Turkmenistan | 4.5 \n2 | Afghanistan | 4.0 \n3 | Tajikistan | 3.9 \n4 | Yemen | 2.8 \n5 | Uzbekistan | 2.4 \n6 | China | 2.2 \n7 | Azerbaijan | 2.0 \n8 | Mauritania | 2.0 \n9 | Sudan | 1.8 \n10 | Syria | 1.8 \n \n_* Excluded are countries with relatively few Kaspersky product users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users whose computers were targeted by financial malware as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n#### TOP 10 banking malware families\n\n| **Name** | **Verdicts** | **%*** \n---|---|---|--- \n1 | Ramnit/Nimnul | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Ramnit | 36.5 \n2 | Zbot/Zeus | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Zbot | 16.7 \n3 | CliptoShuffler | Trojan-Banker.Win32.CliptoShuffler | 6.7 \n4 | SpyEye | Trojan-Spy.Win32.SpyEye | 6.3 \n5 | Gozi | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Gozi | 5.2 \n6 | Cridex/Dridex | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Cridex | 3.5 \n7 | Trickster/Trickbot | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Trickster | 3.3 \n8 | RTM | Trojan-Banker.Win32.RTM | 2.7 \n9 | BitStealer | Trojan-Banker.Win32.BitStealer | 2.2 \n10 | Danabot | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Danabot | 1.8 \n \n_* Unique users who encountered this malware family as a percentage of all users attacked by financial malware._\n\nOur TOP 10 leader changed in Q1: the familiar ZeuS/Zbot (16.7%) dropped to second place and Ramnit/Nimnul (36.5%) took the lead. The TOP 3 was rounded out by CliptoShuffler (6.7%).\n\n## Ransomware programs\n\n### Quarterly trends and highlights\n\n#### Law enforcement successes\n\n * Several members of the REvil ransomware crime group were [arrested](<https://tass.com/society/1388613>) by Russian law enforcement in January. The Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) [says](<http://www.fsb.ru/fsb/press/message/single.htm!id=10439388%40fsbMessage.html>) it seized the following assets from the cybercriminals: "more than 426 million rubles ($5.6 million) including denominated in cryptocurrency; $600,000; 500,000 euros; computer equipment, the crypto wallets that were used to perpetrate crimes, and 20 luxury cars that were purchased with illicitly obtained money."\n * In February, a Canadian citizen was [sentenced](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/netwalker-ransomware-affiliate-sentenced-to-80-months-in-prison/>) to 6 years and 8 months in prison for involvement in NetWalker ransomware attacks (also known as Mailto ransomware).\n * In January, Ukrainian police [arrested](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ukranian-police-arrests-ransomware-gang-that-hit-over-50-firms/>) a ransomware gang who delivered an unclarified strain of malware via e-mail. According to the statement released by the police, over fifty companies in the United States and Europe were attacked by the cybercriminals.\n\n#### HermeticWiper, HermeticRansom and RUransom, etc.\n\nIn February, new malware was discovered which carried out attacks with the aim of destroying files. Two pieces of malware \u2014 a Trojan called HermeticWiper that destroys data and a cryptor called [HermeticRansom](<https://securelist.com/elections-goransom-and-hermeticwiper-attack/105960/>) \u2014 were both [used](<https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/hermeticransom-hermeticwiper-attacks-2022/43825/>) in cyberattacks in Ukraine. That February, Ukrainian systems were attacked by another Trojan called IsaacWiper, followed by a third Trojan in March called CaddyWiper. The apparent aim of this malware family was to render infected computers unusable leaving no possibility of recovering files.\n\nAn intelligence team later discovered that HermeticRansom only superficially encrypts files, and ones encrypted by the ransomware [can be decrypted](<https://threatpost.com/free-hermeticransom-ransomware-decryptor-released/178762/>).\n\nRUransom malware was discovered in March, which was created to encrypt files on computers in Russia. The analysis of the malicious code revealed it was developed to wipe data, as RUransom generates keys for all the victim's encrypted files without storing them anywhere.\n\n#### Conti source-code leak\n\nThe ransomware group Conti had its source code leaked along with its chat logs which were made public. It happened shortly after the Conti group [expressed](<https://www.theverge.com/2022/2/28/22955246/conti-ransomware-russia-ukraine-chat-logs-leaked>) support for the Russian government's actions on its website. The true identity of the individual who leaked the data is currently unknown. According to different versions, it could have been a researcher or an insider in the group who disagrees with its position.\n\nWhoever it may have been, the leaked ransomware source codes in the public domain will obviously be at the fingertips of other cybercriminals, which is what happened on more than one occasion with examples like [Hidden Tear](<https://securelist.com/hidden-tear-and-its-spin-offs/73565/>) and Babuk.\n\n#### Attacks on NAS devices\n\nNetwork-attached storage (NAS) devices continue to be targeted by ransomware attacks. A new [wave of Qlocker Trojan infections](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/qlocker-ransomware-returns-to-target-qnap-nas-devices-worldwide/>) on QNAP NAS devices occurred in January following a brief lull which lasted a few months. A new form of ransomware infecting QNAP NAS devices also appeared in the month of January called [DeadBolt](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/qnap-warns-of-new-deadbolt-ransomware-encrypting-nas-devices/>), and [ASUSTOR](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/deadbolt-ransomware-now-targets-asustor-devices-asks-50-btc-for-master-key/>) devices became its new target in February.\n\n#### Maze Decryptor\n\nMaster decryption keys for Maze, Sekhmet and Egregor ransomware were made public in February. The keys turned out to be authentic and we increased our support to decrypt files encrypted by these [infamous](<https://securelist.com/maze-ransomware/99137/>) forms of [ransomware](<https://securelist.com/targeted-ransomware-encrypting-data/99255/>) in our RakhniDecryptor utility. The decryptor is available on the website of our [No Ransom](<https://noransom.kaspersky.com/>) project and the website of the international NoMoreRansom project in the [Decryption Tools](<https://www.nomoreransom.org/en/decryption-tools.html>) section.\n\n### Number of new modifications\n\nIn Q1 2022, we detected eight new ransomware families and 3083 new modifications of this malware type.\n\n_Number of new ransomware modifications, Q1 2021 \u2014 Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231301/03-en-ru-es-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n### Number of users attacked by ransomware Trojans\n\nIn Q1 2022, Kaspersky products and technologies protected 74,694 users from ransomware attacks.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by ransomware Trojans, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231325/04-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n### Geography of attacked users\n\n_Geography of attacks by ransomware Trojans, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231349/05-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries attacked by ransomware Trojans**\n\n| **Country*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Bangladesh | 2.08 \n2 | Yemen | 1.52 \n3 | Mozambique | 0.82 \n4 | China | 0.49 \n5 | Pakistan | 0.43 \n6 | Angola | 0.40 \n7 | Iraq | 0.40 \n8 | Egypt | 0.40 \n9 | Algeria | 0.36 \n10 | Myanmar | 0.35 \n \n_* Excluded are countries with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 50,000)._ \n_** Unique users whose computers were attacked by Trojan encryptors as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n### TOP 10 most common families of ransomware Trojans\n\n| **Name** | **Verdicts*** | **Percentage of attacked users**** \n---|---|---|--- \n1 | Stop/Djvu | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Stop | 24.38 \n2 | WannaCry | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Wanna | 13.71 \n3 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Gen | 9.35 \n4 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Phny | 7.89 \n5 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Encoder | 5.66 \n6 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Crypren | 4.07 \n7 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.CryFile | 3.72 \n8 | PolyRansom/VirLock | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.PolyRansom / Virus.Win32.PolyRansom | 3.37 \n9 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Crypmod | 3.17 \n10 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Agent | 1.99 \n \n_* Statistics are based on detection verdicts of Kaspersky products. The information was provided by Kaspersky product users who consented to provide statistical data._ \n_** Unique Kaspersky users attacked by specific ransomware Trojan families as a percentage of all unique users attacked by ransomware Trojans._\n\n## Miners\n\n### Number of new miner modifications\n\nIn Q1 2022, Kaspersky solutions detected 21,282 new modifications of miners.\n\n_Number of new miner modifications, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231418/06-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n### Number of users attacked by miners\n\nIn Q1, we detected attacks using miners on the computers of 508,449 unique users of Kaspersky products and services worldwide.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by miners, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231445/07-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n### Geography of miner attacks\n\n_Geography of miner attacks, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231509/08-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries attacked by miners**\n\n| **Country*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Ethiopia | 3.01 \n2 | Tajikistan | 2.60 \n3 | Rwanda | 2.45 \n4 | Uzbekistan | 2.15 \n5 | Kazakhstan | 1.99 \n6 | Tanzania | 1.94 \n7 | Ukraine | 1.83 \n8 | Pakistan | 1.79 \n9 | Mozambique | 1.69 \n10 | Venezuela | 1.67 \n \n_* Excluded are countries with relatively few users of Kaspersky products (under 50,000)._ \n_** Unique users attacked by miners as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n## Vulnerable applications used by criminals during cyberattacks\n\n### Quarter highlights\n\nIn Q1 2022, a number of serious vulnerabilities were found in Microsoft Windows and its components. More specifically, the vulnerability [CVE-2022-21882](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21882>) was found to be exploited by an unknown group of cybercriminals: a "type confusion" bug in the win32k.sys driver the attacker can use to gain system privileges. Also worth noting is [CVE-2022-21919](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21919>), a vulnerability in the User Profile Service which makes it possible to elevate privileges, along with [CVE-2022-21836](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21836>), which can be used to forge digital certificates.\n\nOne of the major talking points in Q1 was an exploit that targeted the [CVE-2022-0847](<https://dirtypipe.cm4all.com/>) vulnerability in the Linux OS kernel. It was dubbed "Dirty Pipe". [Researchers discovered](<https://securelist.com/cve-2022-0847-aka-dirty-pipe-vulnerability-in-linux-kernel/106088/>) an "uninitialized memory" vulnerability when analyzing corrupted files, which makes it possible to rewrite a part of the OS memory, namely page memory that contains system files' data. This in turn opens up an opportunity, such as elevating attacker's privileges to root. It's worth noting that this vulnerability is fairly easy to exploit, which means users of all systems should regularly install security patches and use all available means to prevent infection.\n\nWhen it comes to network threats, this quarter continued to show how cybercriminals often resort to the technique of brute-forcing passwords to gain unauthorized access to various network services, the most popular of which are MSSQL, RDP and SMB. Attacks using the EternalBlue, EternalRomance and similar exploits remain as popular as ever. Due to widespread unpatched versions of Microsoft Exchange Server, networks often fall victim to exploits of ProxyToken, ProxyShell, ProxyOracle and other vulnerabilities. One example of a critical vulnerability found is remote code execution (RCE) in the Microsoft Windows HTTP protocol stack which allows an attack to be launched remotely by sending a special network packet to a vulnerable system by means of the HTTP trailer functionality. New attacks on network applications which will probably also become common are RCE attacks on the popular Spring Framework and Spring Cloud Gateway. Specific examples of vulnerabilities in these applications are [CVE-2022-22965](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22965>) (Spring4Shell) and [CVE-2022-22947](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22947>).\n\n### Vulnerability statistics\n\nQ1 2022 saw an array of changes in the statistics on common vulnerability types. For instance, the top place in the statistics is still firmly held by exploits targeting vulnerabilities in Microsoft Office and their share has increased significantly to 78.5%. The same common vulnerabilities we've written about on more than one occasion are still the most widely exploited within this category of threats. These are [CVE-2017-11882](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2017-11882>) and [CVE-2018-0802](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0802>), which cause a buffer overflow when processing objects in a specially crafted document in the Equation Editor component and ultimately allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. There's also [CVE-2017-8570](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2017-8570>), where opening a specially crafted file with an affected version of Microsoft Office software gives attackers the opportunity to perform various actions on the vulnerable system. Another vulnerability found last year which is very popular with cybercriminals is [CVE-2021-40444](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-40444>), which they can use to exploit through a specially prepared Microsoft Office document with an embedded malicious ActiveX control for executing arbitrary code in the system.\n\n_Distribution of exploits used by cybercriminals, by type of attacked application, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231538/09-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\nExploits targeting browsers came second again in Q1, although their share dropped markedly to just 7.64%. Browser developers put a great deal of effort into patching vulnerability exploits in each new version and closing a large number of gaps in system security. Apart from that, the majority of browsers have automatic updates as opposed to the distinct example of Microsoft Office, where many of its users still use outdated versions and are in no rush to install security updates. That could be precisely the reason why we've seen a reduction in the share of browser exploits in our statistics. However, this does not mean they're no longer an immediate threat. For instance, Chrome's developers fixed a number of critical RCE vulnerabilities, including:\n\n * [CVE-2022-1096](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>): a "type confusion" vulnerability in the V8 script engine which gives attackers the opportunity to remotely execute code (RCE) in the context of the browser's security sandbox.\n * [CVE-2022-0609](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0609>): a use-after-free vulnerability which allows to corrupt the process memory and remotely execute arbitrary codes when performing specially generated scripts that use animation.\n\nSimilar vulnerabilities were found in the browser's other components: [CVE-2022-0605](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0605>)which uses Web Store API, and [CVE-2022-0606](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0606>) which is associated with vulnerabilities in the WebGL backend (ANGLE). Another vulnerability found was [CVE-2022-0604](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0604>), which can be used to exploit a heap buffer overflow in Tab Groups, also potentially leading to remote code execution (RCE).\n\nExploits for Android came third in our statistics (4.10%), followed by exploits targeting the Adobe Flash Platform (3.49%), PDF files (3.48%) and Java apps (2.79%).\n\n## Attacks on macOS\n\nThe year began with a number of interesting multi-platform finds: the [Gimmick](<https://www.securityweek.com/chinese-cyberspies-seen-using-macos-variant-gimmick-malware>) multi-platform malware family with Windows and macOS variants that uses Google Drive to communicate with the C&C server, along with the [SysJoker backdoor](<https://threatpost.com/undetected-sysjoker-backdoor-malwarewindows-linux-macos/177532/>) with versions tailored for Windows, Linux and macOS.\n\n**TOP 20 threats for macOS**\n\n| **Verdict** | **%*** \n---|---|--- \n1 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.ac | 13.23 \n2 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.j | 12.05 \n3 | Monitor.OSX.HistGrabber.b | 8.83 \n4 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.o | 7.53 \n5 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.at | 7.41 \n6 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.Shlayer.a | 7.06 \n7 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.aa | 6.75 \n8 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.ae | 6.07 \n9 | AdWare.OSX.Cimpli.m | 5.35 \n10 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.Agent.h | 4.96 \n11 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.gen | 4.76 \n12 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.bg | 4.60 \n13 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.ax | 4.45 \n14 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.gen | 3.74 \n15 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.q | 3.37 \n16 | Backdoor.OSX.Twenbc.b | 2.84 \n17 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.AdLoad.mc | 2.81 \n18 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.Lador.a | 2.81 \n19 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.ay | 2.81 \n20 | Backdoor.OSX.Agent.z | 2.56 \n \n_* Unique users who encountered this malware as a percentage of all users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS who were attacked._\n\nThe TOP 20 threats to users detected by Kaspersky security solutions for macOS is usually dominated by various adware apps. The top two places in the rating were taken by adware apps from the AdWare.OSX.Pirrit family, while third place was taken by a member of the Monitor.OSX.HistGrabber.b family of potentially unwanted software which sends users' browser history to its owners' servers.\n\n### Geography of threats for macOS\n\n_Geography of threats for macOS, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231608/10-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries by share of attacked users**\n\n| **Country*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | France | 2.36 \n2 | Spain | 2.29 \n3 | Italy | 2.16 \n4 | Canada | 2.15 \n5 | India | 1.95 \n6 | United States | 1.90 \n7 | Russian Federation | 1.83 \n8 | United Kingdom | 1.58 \n9 | Mexico | 1.49 \n10 | Australia | 1.36 \n \n_* Excluded from the rating are countries with relatively few users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users attacked as a percentage of all users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS in the country._\n\nIn Q1 2022, the country where the most users were attacked was France (2.36%), followed by Spain (2.29%) and Italy (2.16%). Adware from the Pirrit family was encountered most frequently out of all macOS threats in the listed countries.\n\n## IoT attacks\n\n### IoT threat statistics\n\nIn Q1 2022, most devices that attacked Kaspersky traps did so using the Telnet protocol as before. Just one quarter of devices attempted to brute-force our SSH traps.\n\nTelnet | 75.28% \n---|--- \nSSH | 24.72% \n \n**_Distribution of attacked services by number of unique IP addresses of devices that carried out attacks, Q1 2022_**\n\nIf we look at sessions involving Kaspersky honeypots, we see far greater Telnet dominance.\n\nTelnet | 93.16% \n---|--- \nSSH | 6.84% \n \n**_Distribution of cybercriminal working sessions with Kaspersky traps, Q1 2022_**\n\n**TOP 10 threats delivered to IoT devices via Telnet**\n\n| **Verdict** | **%*** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.b | 38.07 \n2 | Trojan-Downloader.Linux.NyaDrop.b | 9.26 \n3 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.ba | 7.95 \n4 | Backdoor.Linux.Gafgyt.a | 5.55 \n5 | Trojan-Downloader.Shell.Agent.p | 4.62 \n6 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.ad | 3.89 \n7 | Backdoor.Linux.Gafgyt.bj | 3.02 \n8 | Backdoor.Linux.Agent.bc | 2.76 \n9 | RiskTool.Linux.BitCoinMiner.n | 2.00 \n10 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.cw | 1.98 \n \n_* Share of each threat delivered to infected devices as a result of a successful Telnet attack out of the total number of delivered threats._\n\nSimilar IoT-threat statistics [are published in the DDoS report](<https://securelist.com/ddos-attacks-in-q1-2022/105045/#attacks-on-iot-honeypots>) for Q1 2022.\n\n## Attacks via web resources\n\n_The statistics in this section are based on Web Anti-Virus, which protects users when malicious objects are downloaded from malicious/infected web pages. Cybercriminals create such sites on purpose and web resources with user-created content (for example, forums), as well as hacked legitimate resources, can be infected._\n\n### Countries and territories that serve as sources of web-based attacks: TOP 10\n\n_The following statistics show the distribution by country or territory of the sources of Internet attacks blocked by Kaspersky products on user computers (web pages with redirects to exploits, sites hosting malicious programs, botnet C&C centers, etc.). Any unique host could be the source of one or more web-based attacks._\n\n_To determine the geographic source of web attacks, the GeoIP technique was used to match the domain name to the real IP address at which the domain is hosted._\n\nIn Q1 2022, Kaspersky solutions blocked 1,216,350,437 attacks launched from online resources across the globe. 313,164,030 unique URLs were recognized as malicious by Web Anti-Virus components.\n\n_Distribution of web-attack sources by country and territory, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231643/11-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\n### Countries and territories where users faced the greatest risk of online infection\n\nTo assess the risk of online infection faced by users in different countries and territories, for each country or territory we calculated the percentage of Kaspersky users on whose computers Web Anti-Virus was triggered during the quarter. The resulting data provides an indication of the aggressiveness of the environment in which computers operate in different countries and territories.\n\nThis rating only includes attacks by malicious programs that fall under the **Malware class**; it does not include Web Anti-Virus detections of potentially dangerous or unwanted programs such as RiskTool or adware.\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Taiwan | 22.63 \n2 | Tunisia | 21.57 \n3 | Algeria | 16.41 \n4 | Mongolia | 16.05 \n5 | Serbia | 15.96 \n6 | Libya | 15.67 \n7 | Estonia | 14.45 \n8 | Greece | 14.37 \n9 | Nepal | 14.01 \n10 | Hong Kong | 13.85 \n11 | Yemen | 13.17 \n12 | Sudan | 13.08 \n13 | Slovenia | 12.94 \n14 | Morocco | 12.82 \n15 | Qatar | 12.78 \n16 | Croatia | 12.53 \n17 | Republic of Malawi | 12.33 \n18 | Sri Lanka | 12.28 \n19 | Bangladesh | 12.26 \n20 | Palestine | 12.23 \n \n_* Excluded are countries and territories with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users targeted by **Malware-class** attacks as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country or territory._\n\nOn average during the quarter, 8.18% of computers of Internet users worldwide were subjected to at least one **Malware-class** web attack.\n\n_Geography of web-based malware attacks, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/27074233/13-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc-1.png>))_\n\n## Local threats\n\n_In this section, we analyze statistical data obtained from the OAS and ODS modules in Kaspersky products. It takes into account malicious programs that were found directly on users' computers or removable media connected to them (flash drives, camera memory cards, phones, external hard drives), or which initially made their way onto the computer in non-open form (for example, programs in complex installers, encrypted files, etc.)._\n\nIn Q1 2022, our File Anti-Virus detected **58,989,058** malicious and potentially unwanted objects.\n\n### Countries where users faced the highest risk of local infection\n\nFor each country, we calculated the percentage of Kaspersky product users on whose computers File Anti-Virus was triggered during the reporting period. These statistics reflect the level of personal computer infection in different countries.\n\nNote that this rating only includes attacks by malicious programs that fall under the **Malware class**; it does not include File Anti-Virus triggerings in response to potentially dangerous or unwanted programs, such as RiskTool or adware.\n\n| **Country*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Yemen | 48.38 \n2 | Turkmenistan | 47.53 \n3 | Tajikistan | 46.88 \n4 | Cuba | 45.29 \n5 | Afghanistan | 42.79 \n6 | Uzbekistan | 41.56 \n7 | Bangladesh | 41.34 \n8 | South Sudan | 39.91 \n9 | Ethiopia | 39.76 \n10 | Myanmar | 37.22 \n11 | Syria | 36.89 \n12 | Algeria | 36.02 \n13 | Burundi | 34.13 \n14 | Benin | 33.81 \n15 | Rwanda | 33.11 \n16 | Sudan | 32.90 \n17 | Tanzania | 32.39 \n18 | Kyrgyzstan | 32.26 \n19 | Venezuela | 32.00 \n20 | Iraq | 31.93 \n \n_* Excluded are countries with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users on whose computers **Malware-class** local threats were blocked, as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n_Geography of local infection attempts, Q1 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/05/25231744/13-en-malware-report-q1-2022-pc.png>))_\n\nOverall, 15.48% of user computers globally faced at least one Malware-class local threat during Q1. Russia scored 16.88% in this rating.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-05-27T08:00:05", "type": "securelist", "title": "IT threat evolution in Q1 2022. Non-mobile statistics", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 9.3, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2017-11882", "CVE-2017-8570", "CVE-2018-0802", "CVE-2021-40444", "CVE-2022-0604", "CVE-2022-0605", "CVE-2022-0606", "CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-0847", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-21836", "CVE-2022-21882", "CVE-2022-21919", "CVE-2022-22947", "CVE-2022-22965"], "modified": "2022-05-27T08:00:05", "id": "SECURELIST:11665FFD7075FB9D59316195101DE894", "href": "https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-in-q1-2022-non-mobile-statistics/106531/", "cvss": {"score": 9.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-15T16:13:15", "description": "\n\n * [IT threat evolution in Q2 2022](<https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-q2-2022/107099/>)\n * **IT threat evolution in Q2 2022. Non-mobile statistics**\n * [IT threat evolution in Q2 2022. Mobile statistics](<https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-in-q2-2022-mobile-statistics/107123/>)\n\n_These statistics are based on detection verdicts of Kaspersky products and services received from users who consented to providing statistical data._\n\n## Quarterly figures\n\nAccording to Kaspersky Security Network, in Q2 2022:\n\n * Kaspersky solutions blocked 1,164,544,060 attacks from online resources across the globe.\n * Web Anti-Virus recognized 273,033,368 unique URLs as malicious. Attempts to run malware for stealing money from online bank accounts were stopped on the computers of 100,829 unique users.\n * Ransomware attacks were defeated on the computers of 74,377 unique users.\n * Our File Anti-Virus detected 55,314,176 unique malicious and potentially unwanted objects.\n\n## Financial threats\n\n### Financial threat statistics\n\nIn Q2 2022, Kaspersky solutions blocked the launch of malware designed to steal money from bank accounts on the computers of 100,829 unique users.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by financial malware, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025224/01-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n**Geography of financial malware attacks**\n\n_To evaluate and compare the risk of being infected by banking Trojans and ATM/POS malware worldwide, for each country and territory we calculated the share of Kaspersky users who faced this threat during the reporting period as a percentage of all users of our products in that country or territory._\n\n_Geography of financial malware attacks, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025321/02-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries and territories by share of attacked users**\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Turkmenistan | 4.8 \n2 | Afghanistan | 4.3 \n3 | Tajikistan | 3.8 \n4 | Paraguay | 3.1 \n5 | China | 2.4 \n6 | Yemen | 2.4 \n7 | Uzbekistan | 2.2 \n8 | Sudan | 2.1 \n9 | Egypt | 2.0 \n10 | Mauritania | 1.9 \n \n_* Excluded are countries and territories with relatively few Kaspersky product users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users whose computers were targeted by financial malware as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n**TOP 10 banking malware families**\n\n| **Name** | **Verdicts** | **%*** \n---|---|---|--- \n1 | Ramnit/Nimnul | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Ramnit | 35.5 \n2 | Zbot/Zeus | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Zbot | 15.8 \n3 | CliptoShuffler | Trojan-Banker.Win32.CliptoShuffler | 6.4 \n4 | Trickster/Trickbot | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Trickster | 6 \n5 | RTM | Trojan-Banker.Win32.RTM | 2.7 \n6 | SpyEye | Trojan-Spy.Win32.SpyEye | 2.3 \n7 | IcedID | Trojan-Banker.Win32.IcedID | 2.1 \n8 | Danabot | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Danabot | 1.9 \n9 | BitStealer | Trojan-Banker.Win32.BitStealer | 1.8 \n10 | Gozi | Trojan-Banker.Win32.Gozi | 1.3 \n \n_* Unique users who encountered this malware family as a percentage of all users attacked by financial malware._\n\n## Ransomware programs\n\n### Quarterly trends and highlights\n\nIn the second quarter, the Lockbit group [launched a bug bounty program](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/lockbit-30-introduces-the-first-ransomware-bug-bounty-program/>). The cybercriminals are promising $1,000 to $1,000,000 for doxing of senior officials, reporting web service, Tox messenger or ransomware Trojan algorithm vulnerabilities, as well as for ideas on improving the Lockbit website and Trojan. This was the first-ever case of ransomware groups doing a (self-promotion?) campaign like that.\n\nAnother well-known group, Conti, said it was shutting down operations. The announcement followed a high-profile attack on Costa Rica's information systems, which prompted the government to [declare a state of emergency](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/costa-rica-declares-national-emergency-after-conti-ransomware-attacks/>). The Conti infrastructure was shut down in late June, but some in the infosec community believe that Conti members are either just rebranding or have split up and joined other ransomware teams, including Hive, AvosLocker and BlackCat.\n\nWhile some ransomware groups are drifting into oblivion, others seem to be making a comeback. REvil's website went back online in April, and researchers [discovered](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/revil-ransomware-returns-new-malware-sample-confirms-gang-is-back/>) a newly built specimen of their Trojan. This might have been a test build, as the sample did not encrypt any files, but these events may herald the impending return of REvil.\n\nKaspersky researchers found a way to recover files encrypted by the Yanluowang ransomware and [released a decryptor](<https://securelist.ru/how-to-recover-files-encrypted-by-yanluowang/105019/>) for all victims. Yanluowang has been spotted in targeted attacks against large businesses in the US, Brazil, Turkey, and other countries.\n\n### Number of new modifications\n\nIn Q2 2022, we detected 15 new ransomware families and 2355 new modifications of this malware type.\n\n_Number of new ransomware modifications, Q2 2021 \u2014 Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025415/03-en-ru-es-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n### Number of users attacked by ransomware Trojans\n\nIn Q2 2022, Kaspersky products and technologies protected 74,377 users from ransomware attacks.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by ransomware Trojans, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025443/04-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n### Geography of attacked users\n\n_Geography of attacks by ransomware Trojans, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025517/05-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries and territories attacked by ransomware Trojans**\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Bangladesh | 1.81 \n2 | Yemen | 1.24 \n3 | South Korea | 1.11 \n4 | Mozambique | 0.82 \n5 | Taiwan | 0.70 \n6 | China | 0.46 \n7 | Pakistan | 0.40 \n8 | Angola | 0.37 \n9 | Venezuela | 0.33 \n10 | Egypt | 0.32 \n \n_* Excluded are countries and territories with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 50,000)._ \n_** Unique users whose computers were attacked by Trojan encryptors as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n### TOP 10 most common families of ransomware Trojans\n\n| **Name** | **Verdicts*** | **Percentage of attacked users**** \n---|---|---|--- \n1 | Stop/Djvu | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Stop | 17.91 \n2 | WannaCry | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Wanna | 12.58 \n3 | Magniber | Trojan-Ransom.Win64.Magni | 9.80 \n4 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Gen | 7.91 \n5 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Phny | 6.75 \n6 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Encoder | 6.55 \n7 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Crypren | 3.51 \n8 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.MSIL.Encoder | 3.02 \n9 | PolyRansom/VirLock | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.PolyRansom / Virus.Win32.PolyRansom | 2.96 \n10 | (generic verdict) | Trojan-Ransom.Win32.Instructions | 2.69 \n \n_* Statistics are based on detection verdicts of Kaspersky products. The information was provided by Kaspersky product users who consented to provide statistical data._ \n_** Unique Kaspersky users attacked by specific ransomware Trojan families as a percentage of all unique users attacked by ransomware Trojans._\n\n## Miners\n\n### Number of new miner modifications\n\nIn Q2 2022, Kaspersky solutions detected 40,788 new modifications of miners. A vast majority of these (more than 35,000) were detected in June. Thus, the spring depression \u2014 in March through May we found a total of no more than 10,000 new modifications \u2014 was followed by a record of sorts.\n\n_Number of new miner modifications, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025548/06-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n### Number of users attacked by miners\n\nIn Q2, we detected attacks using miners on the computers of 454,385 unique users of Kaspersky products and services worldwide. We are seeing a reverse trend here: miner attacks have gradually declined since the beginning of 2022.\n\n_Number of unique users attacked by miners, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025613/07-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n### Geography of miner attacks\n\n_Geography of miner attacks, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025642/08-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries and territories attacked by miners**\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Rwanda | 2.94 \n2 | Ethiopia | 2.67 \n3 | Tajikistan | 2.35 \n4 | Tanzania | 1.98 \n5 | Kyrgyzstan | 1.94 \n6 | Uzbekistan | 1.88 \n7 | Kazakhstan | 1.84 \n8 | Venezuela | 1.80 \n9 | Mozambique | 1.68 \n10 | Ukraine | 1.56 \n \n_* Excluded are countries and territories with relatively few users of Kaspersky products (under 50,000)._ \n_** Unique users attacked by miners as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n## Vulnerable applications used by criminals during cyberattacks\n\n### Quarterly highlights\n\nDuring Q2 2022, a number of major vulnerabilities were discovered in the Microsoft Windows. For instance, [CVE-2022-26809](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-26809>) critical error allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code in a system using a custom RPC request. The Network File System (NFS) driver was found to contain two RCE vulnerabilities: [CVE-2022-24491](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-24491>) and [CVE-2022-24497](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-24497>). By sending a custom network message via the NFS protocol, an attacker can remotely execute arbitrary code in the system as well. Both vulnerabilities affect server systems with the NFS role activated. The [CVE-2022-24521](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-24521>) vulnerability targeting the Common Log File System (CLFS) driver was found in the wild. It allows elevation of local user privileges, although that requires the attacker to have gained a foothold in the system. [CVE-2022-26925](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-26925>), also known as LSA Spoofing, was another vulnerability found during live operation of server systems. It allows an unauthenticated attacker to call an LSARPC interface method and get authenticated by Windows domain controller via the NTLM protocol. These vulnerabilities are an enduring testament to the importance of timely OS and software updates.\n\nMost of the network threats detected in Q2 2022 had been mentioned in previous reports. Most of those were attacks that involved [brute-forcing](<https://encyclopedia.kaspersky.com/glossary/brute-force/?utm_source=securelist&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=termin-explanation>) access to various web services. The most popular protocols and technologies susceptible to these attacks include MS SQL Server, RDP and SMB. Attacks that use the EternalBlue, EternalRomance and similar exploits are still popular. Exploitation of Log4j vulnerability ([CVE-2021-44228](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=cve-2021-44228>)) is also quite common, as the susceptible Java library is often used in web applications. Besides, the Spring MVC framework, used in many Java-based web applications, was found to contain a new vulnerability [CVE-2022-22965](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-22965>) that exploits the data binding functionality and results in remote code execution. Finally, we have observed a rise in attacks that exploit insecure deserialization, which can also result in access to remote systems due to incorrect or missing validation of untrusted user data passed to various applications.\n\n### Vulnerability statistics\n\nExploits targeting Microsoft Office vulnerabilities grew in the second quarter to 82% of the total. Cybercriminals were spreading malicious documents that exploited [CVE-2017-11882](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2017-11882>) and [CVE-2018-0802](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0802>), which are the best-known vulnerabilities in the Equation Editor component. Exploitation involves the component memory being damaged and a specially designed script, run on the target computer. Another vulnerability, [CVE-2017-8570](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2017-8570>), allows downloading and running a malicious script when opening an infected document, to execute various operations in a vulnerable system. The emergence of [CVE-2022-30190](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-30190>)[or Follina vulnerability](<https://securelist.com/cve-2022-30190-follina-vulnerability-in-msdt-description-and-counteraction/106703/>) also increased the number of exploits in this category. An attacker can use a custom malicious document with a link to an external OLE object, and a special URI scheme to have Windows run the MSDT diagnostics tool. This, in turn, combined with a special set of parameters passed to the victim's computer, can cause an arbitrary command to be executed \u2014 even if macros are disabled and the document is opened in Protected Mode.\n\n_Distribution of exploits used by cybercriminals, by type of attacked application, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025713/09-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\nAttempts at exploiting vulnerabilities that affect various script engines and, specifically, browsers, dipped to 5%. In the second quarter, a number of critical RCE vulnerabilities were discovered in various Google Chrome based browsers: [CVE-2022-0609](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-0609>), [CVE-2022-1096](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1096>), and [CVE-2022-1364](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-1364>). The first one was found in the animation component; it exploits a Use-After-Free error, causing memory damage, which is followed by the attacker creating custom objects to execute arbitrary code. The second and third vulnerabilities are Type Confusion errors associated with the V8 script engine; they also can result in arbitrary code being executed on a vulnerable user system. Some of the vulnerabilities discovered were found to have been exploited in targeted attacks, in the wild. Mozilla Firefox was found to contain a high-risk Use-After-Free vulnerability, [CVE-2022-1097](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-1097>), which appears when processing NSSToken-type objects from different streams. The browser was also found to contain [CVE-2022-28281](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-28281>), a vulnerability that affects the WebAuthn extension. A compromised Firefox content process can write data out of bounds of the parent process memory, thus potentially enabling code execution with elevated privileges. Two further vulnerabilities, [CVE-2022-1802](<https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2022-09/>) and [CVE-2022-1529](<https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2022-09/>), were exploited in cybercriminal attacks. The exploitation method, dubbed "prototype pollution", allows executing arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of a privileged parent browser process.\n\nAs in the previous quarter, Android exploits ranked third in our statistics with 4%, followed by exploits of Java applications, the Flash platform, and PDF documents, each with 3%.\n\n## Attacks on macOS\n\nThe second quarter brought with it a new batch of cross-platform discoveries. For instance, a new APT group [Earth Berberoka](<https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/d/new-apt-group-earth-berberoka-targets-gambling-websites-with-old.html>) (GamblingPuppet) that specializes in hacking online casinos, uses malware for Windows, Linux, and macOS. The [TraderTraitor](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-108a>) campaign targets cryptocurrency and blockchain organizations, attacking with malicious crypto applications for both Windows and macOS.\n\n**TOP 20 threats for macOS**\n\n| **Verdict** | **%*** \n---|---|--- \n1 | AdWare.OSX.Amc.e | 25.61 \n2 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.ai | 12.08 \n3 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.j | 7.84 \n4 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.ac | 7.58 \n5 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.o | 6.48 \n6 | Monitor.OSX.HistGrabber.b | 5.27 \n7 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.u | 4.27 \n8 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.at | 3.99 \n9 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.Shlayer.a | 3.87 \n10 | Downloader.OSX.Agent.k | 3.67 \n11 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.aa | 3.35 \n12 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.ae | 3.24 \n13 | Backdoor.OSX.Twenbc.e | 3.16 \n14 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.ax | 3.06 \n15 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.q | 2.73 \n16 | Trojan-Downloader.OSX.Agent.h | 2.52 \n17 | AdWare.OSX.Bnodlero.bg | 2.42 \n18 | AdWare.OSX.Cimpli.m | 2.41 \n19 | AdWare.OSX.Pirrit.gen | 2.08 \n20 | AdWare.OSX.Agent.gen | 2.01 \n \n_* Unique users who encountered this malware as a percentage of all users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS who were attacked._\n\nAs usual, the TOP 20 ranking for threats detected by Kaspersky security solutions for macOS users is dominated by various adware. AdWare.OSX.Amc.e, also known as Advanced Mac Cleaner, is a newcomer and already a leader, found with a quarter of all attacked users. Members of this family display fake system problem messages, offering to buy the full version to fix those. It was followed by members of the AdWare.OSX.Agent and AdWare.OSX.Pirrit families.\n\n### Geography of threats for macOS\n\n_Geography of threats for macOS, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025743/10-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n**TOP 10 countries and territories by share of attacked users**\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | France | 2.93 \n2 | Canada | 2.57 \n3 | Spain | 2.51 \n4 | United States | 2.45 \n5 | India | 2.24 \n6 | Italy | 2.21 \n7 | Russian Federation | 2.13 \n8 | United Kingdom | 1.97 \n9 | Mexico | 1.83 \n10 | Australia | 1.82 \n \n_* Excluded from the rating are countries and territories with relatively few users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users attacked as a percentage of all users of Kaspersky security solutions for macOS in the country._\n\nIn Q2 2022, the country where the most users were attacked was again France (2.93%), followed by Canada (2.57%) and Spain (2.51%). AdWare.OSX.Amc.e was the most common adware encountered in these three countries.\n\n## IoT attacks\n\n### IoT threat statistics\n\nIn Q2 2022, most devices that attacked Kaspersky traps did so using the Telnet protocol, as before.\n\nTelnet | 82,93% \n---|--- \nSSH | 17,07% \n \n**_Distribution of attacked services by number of unique IP addresses of attacking devices, Q2 2022_**\n\nThe statistics for working sessions with Kaspersky honeypots show similar Telnet dominance.\n\nTelnet | 93,75% \n---|--- \nSSH | 6,25% \n \n**_Distribution of cybercriminal working sessions with Kaspersky traps, Q2 2022_**\n\n**TOP 10 threats delivered to IoT devices via Telnet**\n\n| **Verdict** | **%*** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.b | 36.28 \n2 | Trojan-Downloader.Linux.NyaDrop.b | 14.66 \n3 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.ek | 9.15 \n4 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.ba | 8.82 \n5 | Trojan.Linux.Agent.gen | 4.01 \n6 | Trojan.Linux.Enemybot.a | 2.96 \n7 | Backdoor.Linux.Agent.bc | 2.58 \n8 | Trojan-Downloader.Shell.Agent.p | 2.36 \n9 | Trojan.Linux.Agent.mg | 1.72 \n10 | Backdoor.Linux.Mirai.cw | 1.45 \n \n_* Share of each threat delivered to infected devices as a result of a successful Telnet attack out of the total number of delivered threats._\n\nDetailed IoT-threat statistics [are published in the DDoS report](<https://securelist.com/ddos-attacks-in-q2-2022/107025/#attacks-on-iot-honeypots>) for Q2 2022.\n\n## Attacks via web resources\n\n_The statistics in this section are based on Web Anti-Virus, which protects users when malicious objects are downloaded from malicious/infected web pages. Cybercriminals create these sites on purpose; they can infect hacked legitimate resources as well as web resources with user-created content, such as forums._\n\n### TOP 10 countries and territories that serve as sources of web-based attacks\n\n_The following statistics show the distribution by country or territory of the sources of Internet attacks blocked by Kaspersky products on user computers (web pages with redirects to exploits, sites hosting malicious programs, botnet C&C centers, etc.). Any unique host could be the source of one or more web-based attacks._\n\n_To determine the geographic source of web attacks, the GeoIP technique was used to match the domain name to the real IP address at which the domain is hosted._\n\nIn Q2 2022, Kaspersky solutions blocked 1,164,544,060 attacks launched from online resources across the globe. A total of 273,033,368 unique URLs were recognized as malicious by Web Anti-Virus components.\n\n_Distribution of web-attack sources by country and territory, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025818/11-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n### Countries and territories where users faced the greatest risk of online infection\n\nTo assess the risk of online infection faced by users around the world, for each country or territory we calculated the percentage of Kaspersky users on whose computers Web Anti-Virus was triggered during the quarter. The resulting data provides an indication of the aggressiveness of the environment in which computers operate in different countries and territories.\n\nNote that these rankings only include attacks by malicious objects that fall under the **Malware** class; they do not include Web Anti-Virus detections of potentially dangerous or unwanted programs, such as RiskTool or adware.\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Taiwan | 26.07 \n2 | Hong Kong | 14.60 \n3 | Algeria | 14.40 \n4 | Nepal | 14.00 \n5 | Tunisia | 13.55 \n6 | Serbia | 12.88 \n7 | Sri Lanka | 12.41 \n8 | Albania | 12.21 \n9 | Bangladesh | 11.98 \n10 | Greece | 11.86 \n11 | Palestine | 11.82 \n12 | Qatar | 11.50 \n13 | Moldova | 11.47 \n14 | Yemen | 11.44 \n15 | Libya | 11.34 \n16 | Zimbabwe | 11.15 \n17 | Morocco | 11.03 \n18 | Estonia | 11.01 \n19 | Turkey | 10.75 \n20 | Mongolia | 10.50 \n \n_* Excluded are countries and territories with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users targeted by **Malware**-class attacks as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\nOn average during the quarter, 8.31% of the Internet users' computers worldwide were subjected to at least one **Malware-class** web attack.\n\n_Geography of web-based malware attacks, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025917/12-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\n## Local threats\n\n_In this section, we analyze statistical data obtained from the OAS and ODS modules of Kaspersky products. It takes into account malicious programs that were found directly on users' computers or removable media connected to them (flash drives, camera memory cards, phones, external hard drives), or which initially made their way onto the computer in non-open form (for example, programs in complex installers, encrypted files, etc.)._\n\nIn Q2 2022, our File Anti-Virus detected **55,314,176** malicious and potentially unwanted objects.\n\n### Countries and territories where users faced the highest risk of local infection\n\nFor each country, we calculated the percentage of Kaspersky product users on whose computers File Anti-Virus was triggered during the reporting period. These statistics reflect the level of personal computer infection in different countries and territories.\n\nNote that these rankings only include attacks by malicious programs that fall under the **Malware** class; they do not include File Anti-Virus triggerings in response to potentially dangerous or unwanted programs, such as RiskTool or adware.\n\n| **Country or territory*** | **%**** \n---|---|--- \n1 | Turkmenistan | 47.54 \n2 | Tajikistan | 44.91 \n3 | Afghanistan | 43.19 \n4 | Yemen | 43.12 \n5 | Cuba | 42.71 \n6 | Ethiopia | 41.08 \n7 | Uzbekistan | 37.91 \n8 | Bangladesh | 37.90 \n9 | Myanmar | 36.97 \n10 | South Sudan | 36.60 \n11 | Syria | 35.60 \n12 | Burundi | 34.88 \n13 | Rwanda | 33.69 \n14 | Algeria | 33.61 \n15 | Benin | 33.60 \n16 | Tanzania | 32.88 \n17 | Malawi | 32.65 \n18 | Venezuela | 31.79 \n19 | Cameroon | 31.34 \n20 | Chad | 30.92 \n \n_* Excluded are countries with relatively few Kaspersky users (under 10,000)._ \n_** Unique users on whose computers **Malware**-class local threats were blocked, as a percentage of all unique users of Kaspersky products in the country._\n\n_Geography of local infection attempts, Q2 2022 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2022/08/15025948/13-en-malware-report-q2-2022-pc-stat-graphs.png>))_\n\nOn average worldwide, Malware-class local threats were registered on 14.65% of users' computers at least once during Q2. Russia scored 16.66% in this rating.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-08-15T12:00:43", "type": "securelist", "title": "IT threat evolution in Q2 2022. Non-mobile statistics", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2017-11882", "CVE-2017-8570", "CVE-2018-0802", "CVE-2021-44228", "CVE-2022-0609", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1097", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-1529", "CVE-2022-1802", "CVE-2022-22965", "CVE-2022-24491", "CVE-2022-24497", "CVE-2022-24521", "CVE-2022-26809", "CVE-2022-26925", "CVE-2022-28281", "CVE-2022-30190"], "modified": "2022-08-15T12:00:43", "id": "SECURELIST:0ED76DA480D73D593C82769757DFD87A", "href": "https://securelist.com/it-threat-evolution-in-q2-2022-non-mobile-statistics/107133/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "googleprojectzero": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T02:06:59", "description": "Posted by Maddie Stone, Google Project Zero\n\nThis blog post is an overview of a talk, \u201c 0-day In-the-Wild Exploitation in 2022\u2026so far\u201d, that I gave at the FIRST conference in June 2022. The slides are available [here](<https://github.com/maddiestone/ConPresentations/blob/master/FIRST2022.2022_0days_so_far.pdf>).\n\nFor the last three years, we\u2019ve published annual year-in-review reports of 0-days found exploited in the wild. The most recent of these reports is the [2021 Year in Review report](<https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-more-you-know-more-you-know-you.html>), which we published just a few months ago in April. While we plan to stick with that annual cadence, we\u2019re publishing a little bonus report today looking at the in-the-wild 0-days detected and disclosed in the first half of 2022. \n\nAs of June 15, 2022, there have been 18 0-days detected and disclosed as exploited in-the-wild in 2022. When we analyzed those 0-days, we found that at least nine of the 0-days are variants of previously patched vulnerabilities. At least half of the 0-days we\u2019ve seen in the first six months of 2022 could have been prevented with more comprehensive patching and regression tests. On top of that, four of the 2022 0-days are variants of 2021 in-the-wild 0-days. Just 12 months from the original in-the-wild 0-day being patched, attackers came back with a variant of the original bug. \n\nProduct\n\n| \n\n2022 ITW 0-day\n\n| \n\nVariant \n \n---|---|--- \n \nWindows win32k\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-21882](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild//0day-RCAs/2022/CVE-2022-21882.html>)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-1732](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild//0day-RCAs/2021/CVE-2021-1732.html>) (2021 itw) \n \niOS IOMobileFrameBuffer\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-22587](<https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213053>)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-30983](<https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2022/06/curious-case-carrier-app.html>) (2021 itw) \n \nWindows\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-30190](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-30190>) (\u201cFollina\u201d)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-40444](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-40444>) (2021 itw) \n \nChromium property access interceptors\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-1096](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html>)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2016-5128](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=619166>) [CVE-2021-30551](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild//0day-RCAs/2021/CVE-2021-30551.html>) (2021 itw) [CVE-2022-1232](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=2280>) (Addresses incomplete CVE-2022-1096 fix) \n \nChromium v8\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-1364](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_14.html>)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-21195](<https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.html>) \n \nWebKit\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-22620](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild//0day-RCAs/2022/CVE-2022-22620.html>) (\u201cZombie\u201d)\n\n| \n\n[Bug was originally fixed in 2013, patch was regressed in 2016](<https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2022/06/an-autopsy-on-zombie-in-wild-0-day.html>) \n \nGoogle Pixel\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-39793](<https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-03-01>)*\n\n* While this CVE says 2021, the bug was patched and disclosed in 2022\n\n| \n\n[Linux same bug in a different subsystem](<https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cd5297b0855f17c8b4e3ef1d20c6a3656209c7b3>) \n \nAtlassian Confluence\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-26134](<https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-security-advisory-2022-06-02-1130377146.html>)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-26084](<https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-security-advisory-2021-08-25-1077906215.html>) \n \nWindows\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2022-26925](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-26925>) (\u201cPetitPotam\u201d)\n\n| \n\n[CVE-2021-36942](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-36942>) (Patch regressed) \n \nSo, what does this mean?\n\nWhen people think of 0-day exploits, they often think that these exploits are so technologically advanced that there\u2019s no hope to catch and prevent them. The data paints a different picture. At least half of the 0-days we\u2019ve seen so far this year are closely related to bugs we\u2019ve seen before. Our conclusion and findings in the [2020 year-in-review report](<https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/02/deja-vu-lnerability.html>) were very similar.\n\nMany of the 2022 in-the-wild 0-days are due to the previous vulnerability not being fully patched. In the case of the Windows win32k and the Chromium property access interceptor bugs, the execution flow that the proof-of-concept exploits took were patched, but the root cause issue was not addressed: attackers were able to come back and trigger the original vulnerability through a different path. And in the case of the WebKit and Windows PetitPotam issues, the original vulnerability had previously been patched, but at some point regressed so that attackers could exploit the same vulnerability again. In the iOS IOMobileFrameBuffer bug, a buffer overflow was addressed by checking that a size was less than a certain number, but it didn\u2019t check a minimum bound on that size. For more detailed explanations of three of the 0-days and how they relate to their variants, please see the [slides from the talk](<https://github.com/maddiestone/ConPresentations/blob/master/FIRST2022.2022_0days_so_far.pdf>).\n\nWhen 0-day exploits are detected in-the-wild, it\u2019s the failure case for an attacker. It\u2019s a gift for us security defenders to learn as much as we can and take actions to ensure that that vector can\u2019t be used again. The goal is to force attackers to start from scratch each time we detect one of their exploits: they\u2019re forced to discover a whole new vulnerability, they have to invest the time in learning and analyzing a new attack surface, they must develop a brand new exploitation method. To do that effectively, we need correct and comprehensive fixes.\n\nThis is not to minimize the challenges faced by security teams responsible for responding to vulnerability reports. As we said in our 2020 year in review report: \n\nBeing able to correctly and comprehensively patch isn't just flicking a switch: it requires investment, prioritization, and planning. It also requires developing a patching process that balances both protecting users quickly and ensuring it is comprehensive, which can at times be in tension. While we expect that none of this will come as a surprise to security teams in an organization, this analysis is a good reminder that there is still more work to be done. \n\nExactly what investments are likely required depends on each unique situation, but we see some common themes around staffing/resourcing, incentive structures, process maturity, automation/testing, release cadence, and partnerships.\n\nPractically, some of the following efforts can help ensure bugs are correctly and comprehensively fixed. Project Zero plans to continue to help with the following efforts, but we hope and encourage platform security teams and other independent security researchers to invest in these types of analyses as well:\n\n * Root cause analysis\n\nUnderstanding the underlying vulnerability that is being exploited. Also tries to understand how that vulnerability may have been introduced. Performing a root cause analysis can help ensure that a fix is addressing the underlying vulnerability and not just breaking the proof-of-concept. Root cause analysis is generally a pre-requisite for successful variant and patch analysis.\n\n * Variant analysis\n\nLooking for other vulnerabilities similar to the reported vulnerability. This can involve looking for the same bug pattern elsewhere, more thoroughly auditing the component that contained the vulnerability, modifying fuzzers to understand why they didn\u2019t find the vulnerability previously, etc. Most researchers find more than one vulnerability at the same time. By finding and fixing the related variants, attackers are not able to simply \u201cplug and play\u201d with a new vulnerability once the original is patched.\n\n * Patch analysis\n\nAnalyzing the proposed (or released) patch for completeness compared to the root cause vulnerability. I encourage vendors to share how they plan to address the vulnerability with the vulnerability reporter early so the reporter can analyze whether the patch comprehensively addresses the root cause of the vulnerability, alongside the vendor\u2019s own internal analysis.\n\n * Exploit technique analysis\n\nUnderstanding the primitive gained from the vulnerability and how it\u2019s being used. While it\u2019s generally industry-standard to patch vulnerabilities, mitigating exploit techniques doesn\u2019t happen as frequently. While not every exploit technique will always be able to be mitigated, the hope is that it will become the default rather than the exception. Exploit samples will need to be shared more readily in order for vendors and security researchers to be able to perform exploit technique analysis.\n\nTransparently sharing these analyses helps the industry as a whole as well. We publish our analyses at [this repository](<https://googleprojectzero.github.io/0days-in-the-wild/rca.html>). We encourage vendors and others to publish theirs as well. This allows developers and security professionals to better understand what the attackers already know about these bugs, which hopefully leads to even better solutions and security overall. \n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-06-30T00:00:00", "type": "googleprojectzero", "title": "\n2022 0-day In-the-Wild Exploitation\u2026so far\n", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2016-5128", "CVE-2021-1732", "CVE-2021-21195", "CVE-2021-26084", "CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-30983", "CVE-2021-36942", "CVE-2021-39793", "CVE-2021-40444", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1232", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-21882", "CVE-2022-22587", "CVE-2022-22620", "CVE-2022-26134", "CVE-2022-26925", "CVE-2022-30190"], "modified": "2022-06-30T00:00:00", "id": "GOOGLEPROJECTZERO:3B4F7E79DDCD0AFF3B9BB86429182DCA", "href": "https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2022/06/2022-0-day-in-wild-exploitationso-far.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "gentoo": [{"lastseen": "2023-12-02T18:55:09", "description": "### Background\n\nChromium is an open-source browser project that aims to build a safer, faster, and more stable way for all users to experience the web. Google Chrome is one fast, simple, and secure browser for all your devices. Microsoft Edge is a browser that combines a minimal design with sophisticated technology to make the web faster, safer, and easier.\n\n### Description\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Chromium and its derivatives. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details.\n\n### Impact\n\nPlease review the referenced CVE identifiers for details.\n\n### Workaround\n\nThere is no known workaround at this time.\n\n### Resolution\n\nAll Chromium users should upgrade to the latest version:\n \n \n # emerge --sync\n # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose \">=www-client/chromium-103.0.5060.53\"\n \n\nAll Chromium binary users should upgrade to the latest version:\n \n \n # emerge --sync\n # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose \">=www-client/chromium-bin-103.0.5060.53\"\n \n\nAll Google Chrome users should upgrade to the latest version:\n \n \n # emerge --sync\n # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose \">=www-client/google-chrome-103.0.5060.53\"\n \n\nAll Microsoft Edge users should upgrade to the latest version:\n \n \n # emerge --sync\n # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose \">=www-client/chromium-103.0.5060.53\"\n \n\nAll QtWebEngine users should upgrade to the latest version:\n \n \n # emerge --sync\n # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose \">=dev-qt/qtwebengine-5.15.5_p20220618\"", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.6, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-08-14T00:00:00", "type": "gentoo", "title": "Chromium, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, QtWebEngine: Multiple Vulnerabilities", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": true, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 6.8, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-30551", "CVE-2021-4052", "CVE-2021-4053", "CVE-2021-4054", "CVE-2021-4055", "CVE-2021-4056", "CVE-2021-4057", "CVE-2021-4058", "CVE-2021-4059", "CVE-2021-4061", "CVE-2021-4062", "CVE-2021-4063", "CVE-2021-4064", "CVE-2021-4065", "CVE-2021-4066", "CVE-2021-4067", "CVE-2021-4068", "CVE-2021-4078", "CVE-2021-4079", "CVE-2022-0789", "CVE-2022-0790", "CVE-2022-0791", "CVE-2022-0792", "CVE-2022-0793", "CVE-2022-0794", "CVE-2022-0795", "CVE-2022-0796", "CVE-2022-0797", "CVE-2022-0798", "CVE-2022-0799", "CVE-2022-0800", "CVE-2022-0801", "CVE-2022-0802", "CVE-2022-0803", "CVE-2022-0804", "CVE-2022-0805", "CVE-2022-0806", "CVE-2022-0807", "CVE-2022-0808", "CVE-2022-0809", "CVE-2022-0971", "CVE-2022-0972", "CVE-2022-0973", "CVE-2022-0974", "CVE-2022-0975", "CVE-2022-0976", "CVE-2022-0977", "CVE-2022-0978", "CVE-2022-0979", "CVE-2022-0980", "CVE-2022-1096", "CVE-2022-1125", "CVE-2022-1127", "CVE-2022-1128", "CVE-2022-1129", "CVE-2022-1130", "CVE-2022-1131", "CVE-2022-1132", "CVE-2022-1133", "CVE-2022-1134", "CVE-2022-1135", "CVE-2022-1136", "CVE-2022-1137", "CVE-2022-1138", "CVE-2022-1139", "CVE-2022-1141", "CVE-2022-1142", "CVE-2022-1143", "CVE-2022-1144", "CVE-2022-1145", "CVE-2022-1146", "CVE-2022-1232", "CVE-2022-1305", "CVE-2022-1306", "CVE-2022-1307", "CVE-2022-1308", "CVE-2022-1309", "CVE-2022-1310", "CVE-2022-1311", "CVE-2022-1312", "CVE-2022-1313", "CVE-2022-1314", "CVE-2022-1364", "CVE-2022-1477", "CVE-2022-1478", "CVE-2022-1479", "CVE-2022-1480", "CVE-2022-1481", "CVE-2022-1482", "CVE-2022-1483", "CVE-2022-1484", "CVE-2022-1485", "CVE-2022-1486", "CVE-2022-1487", "CVE-2022-1488", "CVE-2022-1489", "CVE-2022-1490", "CVE-2022-1491", "CVE-2022-1492", "CVE-2022-1493", "CVE-2022-1494", "CVE-2022-1495", "CVE-2022-1496", "CVE-2022-1497", "CVE-2022-1498", "CVE-2022-1499", "CVE-2022-1500", "CVE-2022-1501", "CVE-2022-1633", "CVE-2022-1634", "CVE-2022-1635", "CVE-2022-1636", "CVE-2022-1637", "CVE-2022-1639", "CVE-2022-1640", "CVE-2022-1641", "CVE-2022-1853", "CVE-2022-1854", "CVE-2022-1855", "CVE-2022-1856", "CVE-2022-1857", "CVE-2022-1858", "CVE-2022-1859", "CVE-2022-1860", "CVE-2022-1861", "CVE-2022-1862", "CVE-2022-1863", "CVE-2022-1864", "CVE-2022-1865", "CVE-2022-1866", "CVE-2022-1867", "CVE-2022-1868", "CVE-2022-1869", "CVE-2022-1870", "CVE-2022-1871", "CVE-2022-1872", "CVE-2022-1873", "CVE-2022-1874", "CVE-2022-1875", "CVE-2022-1876", "CVE-2022-2007", "CVE-2022-2010", "CVE-2022-2011", "CVE-2022-2156", "CVE-2022-2157", "CVE-2022-2158", "CVE-2022-2160", "CVE-2022-2161", "CVE-2022-2162", "CVE-2022-2163", "CVE-2022-2164", "CVE-2022-2165", "CVE-2022-22021", "CVE-2022-24475", "CVE-2022-24523", "CVE-2022-26891", "CVE-2022-26894", "CVE-2022-26895", "CVE-2022-26900", "CVE-2022-26905", "CVE-2022-26908", "CVE-2022-26909", "CVE-2022-26912", "CVE-2022-29144", "CVE-2022-29146", "CVE-2022-29147", "CVE-2022-30127", "CVE-2022-30128", "CVE-2022-30192", "CVE-2022-33638", "CVE-2022-33639"], "modified": "2022-08-14T00:00:00", "id": "GLSA-202208-25", "href": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-25", "cvss": {"score": 6.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}]}
[SECURITY] Fedora 36 Update: chromium-99.0.4844.84-1.fc36
