[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-W-onve7bfgs/YJvS6q8T98I/AAAAAAAAChk/CbCIUJa6N8w2vj9w5f15LSdzMm3ypsFigCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/wifi-hacking.jpg>)
Three design and multiple implementation flaws have been disclosed in IEEE 802.11 technical standard that undergirds Wi-Fi, potentially enabling an adversary to take control over a system and plunder confidential data.
Called [FragAttacks](<https://www.fragattacks.com/>) (short for FRgmentation and AGgregation Attacks), the weaknesses impact all Wi-Fi security protocols, from Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) all the way to Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 (WPA3), thus virtually putting almost every wireless-enabled device at risk of attack.
"An adversary that is within radio range of a victim can abuse these vulnerabilities to steal user information or attack devices," Mathy Vanhoef, a security academic at New York University Abu Dhabi, said. "Experiments indicate that every Wi-Fi product is affected by at least one vulnerability and that most products are affected by several vulnerabilities."
IEEE 802.11 provides the basis for all modern devices using the Wi-Fi family of network protocols, allowing laptops, tablets, printers, smartphones, smart speakers, and other devices to communicate with each other and access the Internet via a wireless router.
Introduced in January 2018, [WPA3](<https://www.wi-fi.org/discover-wi-fi/security>) is a third-generation security protocol that's at the heart of most Wi-Fi devices with several enhancements such as robust authentication and increased cryptographic strength to safeguard wireless computer networks.
According to Vanhoef, the [issues](<https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks>) stem from "widespread" programming mistakes encoded in the implementation of the standard, with some flaws dating all the way back to 1997. The vulnerabilities have to do with the way the standard fragments and aggregates frames, allowing threat actors to inject arbitrary packets and trick a victim into using a malicious DNS server, or forge the frames to siphon data.
The [list of 12 flaws](<https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks/blob/master/SUMMARY.md>) is as follows —
* **CVE-2020-24588**: Accepting non-SPP A-MSDU frames
* **CVE-2020-24587**: Reassembling fragments encrypted under different keys
* **CVE-2020-24586**: Not clearing fragments from memory when (re)connecting to a network
* **CVE-2020-26145**: Accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames (in an encrypted network)
* **CVE-2020-26144**: Accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL (in an encrypted network)
* **CVE-2020-26140**: Accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network
* **CVE-2020-26143**: Accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network
* **CVE-2020-26139**: Forwarding EAPOL frames even though the sender is not yet authenticated
* **CVE-2020-26146**: Reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers
* **CVE-2020-26147**: Reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments
* **CVE-2020-26142**: Processing fragmented frames as full frames
* **CVE-2020-26141**: Not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames
A bad actor can leverage these flaws to inject arbitrary network packets, intercept and exfiltrate user data, launch denial-of-service attacks, and even possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks.
"If network packets can be injected towards a client, this can be abused to trick the client into using a malicious DNS server," Vanhoef explained in an [accompanying research paper](<https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/usenix2021.pdf>). "If network packets can be injected towards an [access point], the adversary can abuse this to bypass the NAT/firewall and directly connect to any device in the local network."
In a hypothetical attack scenario, these vulnerabilities can be exploited as a stepping stone to launch advanced attacks, permitting an attacker to take over an outdated Windows 7 machine inside a local network. But on a brighter note, the design flaws are hard to exploit as they require user interaction or are only possible when using uncommon network settings.
The findings have been shared with the Wi-Fi Alliance, following which firmware updates were prepared during a 9-month-long coordinated disclosure period. Microsoft, for its part, released fixes for some of the flaws ([CVE-2020-24587](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-24587>), [CVE-2020-24588](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-24588>), and [CVE-2020-26144](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-26144>)) as part of its Patch Tuesday update for May 2021. Vanhoef said an updated Linux kernel is in the works for actively supported distributions.
This is not the first time Vanhoef has demonstrated severe flaws in the Wi-Fi standard. In 2017, the researcher disclosed what's called [KRACKs](<https://www.krackattacks.com/>) (Key Reinstallation AttACKs) in WPA2 protocol, enabling an attacker to read sensitive information and steal credit card numbers, passwords, messages, and other data.
"Interestingly, our aggregation attack could have been avoided if devices had implemented optional security improvements earlier," Vanhoef concluded. "This highlights the importance of deploying security improvements before practical attacks are known. The two fragmentation based design flaws were, at a high level, caused by not adequately separating different security contexts. From this we learn that properly separating security contexts is an important principle to take into account when designing protocols."
Mitigations for FragAttacks from other companies like Cisco, HPE/Aruba Networks, Juniper Networks, and Sierra Wireless can be accessed in the [advisory](<https://www.icasi.org/aggregation-fragmentation-attacks-against-wifi/>) released by the Industry Consortium for Advancement of Security on the Internet (ICASI).
"There is no evidence of the vulnerabilities being used against Wi-Fi users maliciously, and these issues are mitigated through routine device updates that enable detection of suspect transmissions or improve adherence to recommended security implementation practices," the Wi-Fi Alliance [said](<https://www.wi-fi.org/security-update-fragmentation>).
Found this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter __](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.
{"id": "THN:C210D3FA71F1ED44D3BA1BF0CA368767", "vendorId": null, "type": "thn", "bulletinFamily": "info", "title": "Nearly All Wi-Fi Devices Are Vulnerable to New FragAttacks", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-W-onve7bfgs/YJvS6q8T98I/AAAAAAAAChk/CbCIUJa6N8w2vj9w5f15LSdzMm3ypsFigCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/wifi-hacking.jpg>)\n\nThree design and multiple implementation flaws have been disclosed in IEEE 802.11 technical standard that undergirds Wi-Fi, potentially enabling an adversary to take control over a system and plunder confidential data.\n\nCalled [FragAttacks](<https://www.fragattacks.com/>) (short for FRgmentation and AGgregation Attacks), the weaknesses impact all Wi-Fi security protocols, from Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) all the way to Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 (WPA3), thus virtually putting almost every wireless-enabled device at risk of attack.\n\n\"An adversary that is within radio range of a victim can abuse these vulnerabilities to steal user information or attack devices,\" Mathy Vanhoef, a security academic at New York University Abu Dhabi, said. \"Experiments indicate that every Wi-Fi product is affected by at least one vulnerability and that most products are affected by several vulnerabilities.\"\n\nIEEE 802.11 provides the basis for all modern devices using the Wi-Fi family of network protocols, allowing laptops, tablets, printers, smartphones, smart speakers, and other devices to communicate with each other and access the Internet via a wireless router.\n\nIntroduced in January 2018, [WPA3](<https://www.wi-fi.org/discover-wi-fi/security>) is a third-generation security protocol that's at the heart of most Wi-Fi devices with several enhancements such as robust authentication and increased cryptographic strength to safeguard wireless computer networks.\n\nAccording to Vanhoef, the [issues](<https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks>) stem from \"widespread\" programming mistakes encoded in the implementation of the standard, with some flaws dating all the way back to 1997. The vulnerabilities have to do with the way the standard fragments and aggregates frames, allowing threat actors to inject arbitrary packets and trick a victim into using a malicious DNS server, or forge the frames to siphon data. \n\nThe [list of 12 flaws](<https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks/blob/master/SUMMARY.md>) is as follows \u2014\n\n * **CVE-2020-24588**: Accepting non-SPP A-MSDU frames\n * **CVE-2020-24587**: Reassembling fragments encrypted under different keys\n * **CVE-2020-24586**: Not clearing fragments from memory when (re)connecting to a network\n * **CVE-2020-26145**: Accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames (in an encrypted network)\n * **CVE-2020-26144**: Accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL (in an encrypted network)\n * **CVE-2020-26140**: Accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network\n * **CVE-2020-26143**: Accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network\n * **CVE-2020-26139**: Forwarding EAPOL frames even though the sender is not yet authenticated\n * **CVE-2020-26146**: Reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers\n * **CVE-2020-26147**: Reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments\n * **CVE-2020-26142**: Processing fragmented frames as full frames\n * **CVE-2020-26141**: Not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames\n\nA bad actor can leverage these flaws to inject arbitrary network packets, intercept and exfiltrate user data, launch denial-of-service attacks, and even possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks.\n\n\"If network packets can be injected towards a client, this can be abused to trick the client into using a malicious DNS server,\" Vanhoef explained in an [accompanying research paper](<https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/usenix2021.pdf>). \"If network packets can be injected towards an [access point], the adversary can abuse this to bypass the NAT/firewall and directly connect to any device in the local network.\"\n\nIn a hypothetical attack scenario, these vulnerabilities can be exploited as a stepping stone to launch advanced attacks, permitting an attacker to take over an outdated Windows 7 machine inside a local network. But on a brighter note, the design flaws are hard to exploit as they require user interaction or are only possible when using uncommon network settings.\n\nThe findings have been shared with the Wi-Fi Alliance, following which firmware updates were prepared during a 9-month-long coordinated disclosure period. Microsoft, for its part, released fixes for some of the flaws ([CVE-2020-24587](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-24587>), [CVE-2020-24588](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-24588>), and [CVE-2020-26144](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2020-26144>)) as part of its Patch Tuesday update for May 2021. Vanhoef said an updated Linux kernel is in the works for actively supported distributions.\n\nThis is not the first time Vanhoef has demonstrated severe flaws in the Wi-Fi standard. In 2017, the researcher disclosed what's called [KRACKs](<https://www.krackattacks.com/>) (Key Reinstallation AttACKs) in WPA2 protocol, enabling an attacker to read sensitive information and steal credit card numbers, passwords, messages, and other data.\n\n\"Interestingly, our aggregation attack could have been avoided if devices had implemented optional security improvements earlier,\" Vanhoef concluded. \"This highlights the importance of deploying security improvements before practical attacks are known. The two fragmentation based design flaws were, at a high level, caused by not adequately separating different security contexts. From this we learn that properly separating security contexts is an important principle to take into account when designing protocols.\"\n\nMitigations for FragAttacks from other companies like Cisco, HPE/Aruba Networks, Juniper Networks, and Sierra Wireless can be accessed in the [advisory](<https://www.icasi.org/aggregation-fragmentation-attacks-against-wifi/>) released by the Industry Consortium for Advancement of Security on the Internet (ICASI).\n\n\"There is no evidence of the vulnerabilities being used against Wi-Fi users maliciously, and these issues are mitigated through routine device updates that enable detection of suspect transmissions or improve adherence to recommended security implementation practices,\" the Wi-Fi Alliance [said](<https://www.wi-fi.org/security-update-fragmentation>).\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "published": "2021-05-12T13:07:00", "modified": "2021-05-14T11:46:06", "cvss": {"score": 3.3, "vector": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}, "cvss2": {"cvssV2": {"version": "2.0", "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "accessVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "accessComplexity": "LOW", "authentication": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 3.3}, "severity": "LOW", "exploitabilityScore": 6.5, "impactScore": 2.9, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {"cvssV3": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 3.6}, "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/05/nearly-all-wifi-devices-are-vulnerable.html", "reporter": "The Hacker News", "references": [], "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:38:04", "viewCount": 52, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:4356"]}, {"type": "androidsecurity", "idList": ["ANDROID:2021-10-01"]}, {"type": "attackerkb", "idList": ["AKB:BAAFFD25-660E-40C6-8978-DD33365E66B6"]}, 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"NONE"}, "backreferences": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:4356"]}, {"type": "androidsecurity", "idList": ["ANDROID:2021-10-01"]}, {"type": "attackerkb", "idList": ["AKB:BAAFFD25-660E-40C6-8978-DD33365E66B6"]}, {"type": "avleonov", "idList": ["AVLEONOV:9D3D76F4CC74C7ABB8000BC6AFB2A2CE"]}, {"type": "checkpoint_security", "idList": ["CPS:SK173718"]}, {"type": "cisco", "idList": ["CISCO-SA-WIFI-FAF-22EPCEWU"]}, {"type": "cloudfoundry", "idList": ["CFOUNDRY:58E18367C5A247865E715DF802E7BD7E"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"]}, {"type": "debian", "idList": ["DEBIAN:DLA-2689-1:31A23", "DEBIAN:DLA-2690-1:EA198"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2020-24586", "DEBIANCVE:CVE-2020-24587", "DEBIANCVE:CVE-2020-24588"]}, {"type": "fortinet", "idList": ["FG-IR-21-071"]}, {"type": "freebsd", "idList": ["8D20BD48-A4F3-11EC-90DE-1C697AA5A594"]}, {"type": "hackerone", "idList": ["H1:1238470"]}, {"type": "hp", "idList": ["HPSBHF03725", "HPSBHF03743"]}, {"type": "kaspersky", "idList": ["KLA12167", "KLA12174"]}, {"type": "krebs", "idList": ["KREBS:4E22686F3C4E2536C402F6568B8E659A"]}, {"type": "lenovo", "idList": ["LENOVO:PS500405-INTEL-PROSET-AND-WIRELESS-WIFI-INTEL-VPRO-CSME-WIFI-AND-INTEL-KILLER-WIFI-ADVISORY-NOSID"]}, {"type": "malwarebytes", "idList": ["MALWAREBYTES:28CA5946147FC0561948BA2EF52A8329"]}, {"type": "metasploit", "idList": ["MSF:ILITIES/MSFT-CVE-2020-24588/", "MSF:ILITIES/MSFT-CVE-2020-26144/"]}, {"type": "mscve", "idList": ["MS:CVE-2020-24587", "MS:CVE-2020-24588", "MS:CVE-2020-26144"]}, {"type": "mskb", "idList": ["KB5003203", "KB5003225"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["DEBIAN_DLA-2689.NASL", "DEBIAN_DLA-2690.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-1975.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-1977.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2427.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9459.NASL", "ORACLEVM_OVMSA-2021-0031.NASL", "SLACKWARE_SSA_2021-202-01.NASL", "SMB_NT_MS21_MAY_5003173.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-14764-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-1975-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-1977-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2321-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2324-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2349-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2406-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2421-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2422-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2427-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2451-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-4997-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-4999-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-5000-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-5001-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-5018-1.NASL"]}, {"type": "oraclelinux", "idList": ["ELSA-2021-9459"]}, {"type": "photon", "idList": ["PHSA-2021-0278", "PHSA-2021-0409"]}, {"type": "qualysblog", "idList": ["QUALYSBLOG:A8EE36FB3E891C73934CB1C60E3B3D41"]}, {"type": "rapid7blog", "idList": ["RAPID7BLOG:05A653A5E863B78EDD56FD74F059E02E"]}, {"type": "redhat", "idList": ["RHSA-2021:4140"]}, {"type": "redhatcve", "idList": ["RH:CVE-2020-24586", "RH:CVE-2020-24587", "RH:CVE-2020-24588", "RH:CVE-2020-26139", "RH:CVE-2020-26140", "RH:CVE-2020-26141", "RH:CVE-2020-26142", "RH:CVE-2020-26143", "RH:CVE-2020-26144", "RH:CVE-2020-26145", "RH:CVE-2020-26146", "RH:CVE-2020-26147"]}, {"type": "slackware", "idList": ["SSA-2021-202-01"]}, {"type": "suse", "idList": ["OPENSUSE-SU-2021:0843-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:0947-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:1975-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:1977-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2427-1"]}, {"type": "threatpost", "idList": ["THREATPOST:2DBC4E237FAA8188A19D53BBB3356C62", "THREATPOST:A2FE619CD27EBEC2F6B0C62ED026F02C"]}, {"type": "ubuntu", "idList": ["USN-4997-1", "USN-4997-2", "USN-4999-1", "USN-5000-1", "USN-5000-2", "USN-5001-1", "USN-5018-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntucve", "idList": ["UB:CVE-2020-24586", "UB:CVE-2020-24587", "UB:CVE-2020-24588", "UB:CVE-2020-26140", "UB:CVE-2020-26141", "UB:CVE-2020-26142", "UB:CVE-2020-26143", "UB:CVE-2020-26144", "UB:CVE-2020-26145", "UB:CVE-2020-26146", "UB:CVE-2020-26147"]}]}, "exploitation": null, "vulnersScore": -0.1}, "_state": {"dependencies": 1660032824, "score": 1660034202}, "_internal": {"score_hash": "e6bc423bb236458fc3bc27b7ee949a09"}}
{"ics": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-26T21:41:50", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 7.5**\n * **ATTENTION: **Low attack complexity\n * **Vendor:** Hitachi ABB Power Grids\n * **Equipment:** TropOS\n * **Vulnerabilities:** Injection, Inadequate Encryption Strength, Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Authentication, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, Improper Input Validation\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to direct a client that is connected to a TropOS Wi-Fi access point to fake websites and extract sensitive data.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nHitachi ABB Power Grids reports these vulnerabilities affect the following products:\n\n * TropOS: Firmware Version 8.9.4.8 and prior\n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nThe 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi protected access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and wired equivalent privacy (WEP) does not require received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this vulnerability can be exploited to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n\n[CVE-2020-24586](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24586>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.2 [INADEQUATE ENCRYPTION STRENGTH CWE-326](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/326.html>)\n\nThe 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi protected access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and wired equivalent privacy (WEP) does not require all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary could exploit this vulnerability to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed.\n\n[CVE-2020-24587](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24587>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 2.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.3 [MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/306.html>)\n\nThe 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi protected access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and wired equivalent privacy (WEP) does not require the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field be authenticated. Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary could exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary network packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-24588](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24588>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.4 [IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/287.html>)\n\nAn access point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients.\n\n[CVE-2020-26139](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26139>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H>)).\n\n#### 3.2.5 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26140](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26140>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.6 [IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/354.html>)\n\nThe Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the message integrity check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject and decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data-confidentiality protocol.\n\n[CVE-2020-26141](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26141>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.7 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26142](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26142>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.8 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26143](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26143>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.9 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first eight bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26144](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26144>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.10 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26145](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26145>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.11 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to exfiltrate selected fragments. This vulnerability is exploitable when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. Note: WEP is vulnerable to this attack by design.\n\n[CVE-2020-26146](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26146>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.12 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nThe WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. An adversary can exploit this vulnerability to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used.\n\n[CVE-2020-26147](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26147>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Critical Manufacturing, Energy\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: **Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: **Switzerland\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nHitachi ABB Power Grids reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nHitachi ABB Power Grids recommends updating to firmware v8.9.4.9 or later, which resolves these vulnerabilities. For additional information on these vulnerabilities, including update instructions, please see the [Hitachi ABB Power Grids security advisory](<https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK107992A4463&LanguageCode=en&DocumentPartId=&Action=Launch>).\n\nHitachi ABB Power Grids has tested and recommends the following mitigation actions, which help block known attack vectors:\n\n * Disable the Wi-Fi access on any TropOS unit where local Wi-Fi access is not required. This is achieved by NOT enabling (or disabling) the local access SSID.\n * Where Wi-Fi access is required, wherever possible ensure physical access to the local area is restricted to approved staff only.\n * Use the Wi-Fi whitelist capability to restrict Wi-Fi access to only approved personnel.\n * As the FragAttacks vulnerability is targeted at an end-user device and generally involves redirection to fraudulent websites, the installation of comprehensive firewall capabilities on company end-user devices and servers will significantly reduce the likelihood of negative outcomes.\n\nCISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are [not accessible from the Internet](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01>).\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. \n \nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/recommended-practices>) on the ICS webpage on [us-cert.cisa.gov](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics>). Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>). \n \nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\n * Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.\n * Refer to [Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/emailscams_0905.pdf>) for more information on avoiding email scams.\n * Refer to [Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST04-014>) for more information on social engineering attacks.\n\nThese vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely. No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. \n\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-236-01>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2021-08-24T00:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Hitachi ABB Power Grids TropOS", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "LOW", "exploitabilityScore": 6.5, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 3.3, "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-08-24T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-21-236-01", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-236-01", "cvss": {"score": 3.3, "vector": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-04-26T21:33:41", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 6.5**\n * **ATTENTION:** Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity\n * **Vendor:** Siemens\n * **Equipment: **SCALANCE family devices\n * **Vulnerabilities: **Improper Authentication, Injection, Improper Validation of Integrity Check, Improper Input Validation\n\n## 2\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nSuccessful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker within Wi-Fi range to forge encrypted frames, which could result in sensitive data disclosure and traffic manipulation.\n\n## 3\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following Siemens products are affected:\n\n * SCALANCE W721-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W722-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W734-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W738-1 M12: All versions\n * SCALANCE W748-1 M12: All versions\n * SCALANCE W738-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W761-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W774-1 M12 EEC: All versions\n * SCALANCE W774-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W778-1 M12 EEC: All versions\n * SCALANCE W786-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W786-2 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W786-2 SFP: All versions\n * SCALANCE W786-2IA RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W788-1 M12: All versions\n * SCALANCE W788-1 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W788-2 M12: All versions\n * SCALANCE W788-1 M12 EEC: All versions\n * SCALANCE W788-2 RJ45: All versions\n * SCALANCE W1748-1 M12: All versions prior to v3.0.0\n * SCALANCE W1750D M12: All versions prior to v8.7.1.3\n * SCALANCE W1788-1 M12: All versions prior to v3.0.0\n * SCALANCE W1788-2 EEC M12: All versions prior to v3.0.0\n * SCALANCE W1788-2 M12: All versions prior to v3.0.0\n * SCALANCE W1788-2IA M12: All versions prior to v3.0.0\n * SCALANCE WAM766-1: All versions\n * SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC: All versions\n * SCALANCE WUM763-1: All versions\n * SCALANCE WUM766-1: All versions\n\n### 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 3.2.1 [MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/306.html>)\n\nThe 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn\u2019t require the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field to be authenticated. Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames, which is mandatory as part of 802.11n, an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-24588](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24588>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.2 [IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/287.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients.\n\n[CVE-2020-26139](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26139>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H>)).\n\n#### 3.2.3 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26140](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26140>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.4 [IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/354.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data-confidentiality protocol.\n\n[CVE-2020-26141](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26141>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.5 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26143](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26143>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.6 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first eight bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26144](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26144>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.7 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration.\n\n[CVE-2020-26145](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26145>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.8 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. An adversary can abuse this to exfiltrate selected fragments. This vulnerability is exploitable when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. Note WEP is vulnerable to this attack by design.\n\n[CVE-2020-26146](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26146>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 3.2.9 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nAn issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used.\n\n[CVE-2020-26147](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26147>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.4 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n### 3.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Multiple Sectors\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: **Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** Germany\n\n### 3.4 RESEARCHER\n\nSiemens reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.\n\n## 4\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nSiemens recommends updating their software to the latest version where available:\n\n * SCALANCE W1748-1 M12: [Update to v3.0.0](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109808629>) or later\n * SCALANCE W1750D M12: [Update to v8.7.1.3](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/109802805>) or later\n * SCALANCE W1788-1 M12: [Update to v3.0.0](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109808629>) or later\n * SCALANCE W1788-2 EEC M12: [Update to v3.0.0](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109808629>) or later\n * SCALANCE W1788-2 M12: [Update to v3.0.0](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109808629>) or later\n * SCALANCE W1788-2IA M12: [Update to v3.0.0](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109808629>) or later\n * SCALANCE WAM766-1: [Update to v1.2](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/109805887>) or later\n * SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC: [Update to v1.2](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/109805887>) or later\n * SCALANCE WUM763-1: [Update to v1.2](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/109805887>) or later\n * SCALANCE WUM766-1: [Update to v1.2](<https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/109805887>) or later\n\nSiemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce the risk:\n\n * As these vulnerabilities can only be exploited within Wi-Fi range, when possible reduce Wi-Fi transmission power or make sure to have the devices in private areas with physical access controls\n * When possible, A-MSDU can be disabled to mitigate CVE-2020-24588 and CVE-2020-26144\n\nFor more details regarding the [FragAttacks](<https://www.fragattacks.com/>) vulnerabilities refer to:\n\n * [Fragment and Forge Breaking Wi-Fi Through Frame Aggregation and Fragmentation](<https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/usenix2021.pdf>)\n\nAs a general security measure, Siemens strongly recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. In order to operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends users configure the environment according to the [Siemens operational guidelines for industrial security](<https://cert-portal.siemens.com/operational-guidelines-industrial-security.pdf>) and follow the recommendations in the product manuals.\n\nFor additional information, please refer to Siemens Security Advisory [SSA-913875](<https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-913875.pdf>) \n\n\nCISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are [not accessible from the Internet](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01>).\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. \n \nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/recommended-practices>) on the ICS webpage on [cisa.gov](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics>). Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on cisa.gov](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>). \n \nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.\n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-22-104-04>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2022-04-14T00:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Siemens SCALANCE FragAttacks", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "LOW", "exploitabilityScore": 6.5, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 3.3, "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2022-04-14T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-22-104-04", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-22-104-04", "cvss": {"score": 3.3, "vector": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-12T17:08:46", "description": "## 1\\. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY\n\n * **CVSS v3 6.5**\n * **ATTENTION:** Exploitable remotely\n * **Vendor: **Mitsubishi Electric\n * **Equipment:** Wireless LAN communication unit GT25-WLAN in GOT2000 Series GT25 or GT27\n * **Vulnerabilities: **Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer, Inadequate Encryption Strength, Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Injection, Improper Input Validation\n\n## 2\\. UPDATE INFORMATION\n\nThis updated advisory is a follow-up to the original advisory titled ICSA-22-102-04 Mitsubishi Electric GT25-WLAN that was published April 12, 2022, on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics.\n\n## 3\\. RISK EVALUATION\n\nThere are multiple vulnerabilities due to design flaws in the frame fragmentation functionality and the frame aggregation functionality in the Wireless Communication Standards IEEE 802.11. These vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to steal communication contents or inject unauthorized packets.\n\n## 4\\. TECHNICAL DETAILS\n\n### 4.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS\n\nThe following versions of Wireless LAN communication unit GT25-WLAN in GOT2000 Series GT25 or GT27, are affected:\n\n**\\--------- Begin Update A Part 1 of 2 ---------**\n\n * GT25-WLAN: Version 01.39.000 and earlier\n\n**\\--------- End Update A Part 1 of 2 ---------**\n\n### 4.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW\n\n#### 4.2.1 [IMPROPER REMOVAL OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION BEFORE STORAGE OR TRANSFER CWE-212](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/212.html>)\n\nThe affected product is vulnerable to a fragment cache attack as it does not clear fragments from memory when (re)connecting. This may allow an attacker to steal communication contents or inject unauthorized packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-24586](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24586>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.2 [INADEQUATE ENCRYPTION STRENGTH CWE-326](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/326.html>)\n\nThe affected product is vulnerable to a mixed key attack as it reassembles fragments encrypted under different keys. This may allow an attacker to steal communication contents.\n\n[CVE-2020-24587](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24587>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 2.6 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.3 [MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/306.html>)\n\nThe affected product is vulnerable to an aggregation attack as it accepts non-SPP A-MSDU frames. This may allow an attacker to inject unauthorized packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-24588](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-24588>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.4 [IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>)\n\nThe affected product can accept plaintext data frames in a protected network. This may allow an attacker to inject unauthorized packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-26140](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26140>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.5 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe affected product is vulnerable to accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network. This may allow an attacker to inject unauthorized packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-26143](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26143>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.6 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe affected product can accept plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL in an encrypted network. This may allow an attacker to inject unauthorized packets.\n\n[CVE-2020-26144](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26144>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n#### 4.2.7 [IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html>)\n\nThe affected product can reassemble encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. This may allow an attacker to steal communication contents.\n\n[CVE-2020-26146](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26146>) has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ([AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N](<https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N>)).\n\n### 4.3 BACKGROUND\n\n * **CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:** Critical Manufacturing\n * **COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:** Worldwide\n * **COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:** Japan\n\n### 4.4 RESEARCHER\n\nMitsubishi Electric reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.\n\n## 5\\. MITIGATIONS\n\nMitsubishi Electric has provided the following mitigations or workarounds.\n\n**\\-------- Begin Update A Part 2 of 2 ---------**\n\nFor users who use the affected products and versions, please update to the fixed versions by following the steps:\n\nCheck the versions in use by referencing GOT2000 Series User's Manual (Utility) (SH-081195ENG), 6.9 Package Data Management \u2013 \u201cProperty operation.\u201d\n\nThe latest version of the manual is available from [Mitsubishi Electric FA Global Website](<https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/fa>).\n\n**Fixed versions**\n\nInstall system applications (extended function) \u201cWireless LAN\u201d v01.45.000 or later.\n\n * Fixed system applications (extended function) \u201cWireless LAN\u201d is included in GT Designer3 Version 1 (GOT2000) v1.275M or later.\n * This does not include countermeasures for [CVE-2020-26146](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-26146>)\n\nUsers are encouraged to follow the following update procedure:\n\n 1. Download and install the fixed version of MELSOFT GT Designer3 (GOT2000). Please contact a [Mitsubishi Electric representative](<https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/fa/support/index.html>) about MELSOFT GT Designer3 (GOT2000).\n 2. Start the MELSOFT GT Designer3 (GOT2000) and open the project data used in affected products.\n 3. Select [Write to GOT] from [Communication] menu to write the required package data to the GOT. Please refer to \u201c4. COMMUNICATING WITH GOT\u201d in the GT Designer3 (GOT2000) [Screen Design Manual (SH-081220ENG)](<https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/fa/products/hmi/got/smerit/gt_works3/manual/index.html>).\n 4. After writing the required package data to the GOT, refer to the \u201cHow to check the versions in use\u201d and check the fixed versions.\n\n**\\-------- End Update A Part 2 of 2 ---------**\n\nWhen using the wireless LAN communication unit as an access point, check if the wireless LAN communication unit settings are as follows.\n\n * For the passphrase used for wireless LAN, avoid settings that can be guessed from the consecutive numbers and MAC address, and set an unpredictable passphrase combining letters and numbers.\n * Use WPA or WPA2 as the security authentication method for wireless LAN.\n * Use the IP filter function*1 to restrict the accessible IP addresses. \n * *1- Refer to GT Designer3 (GOT2000) [Screen Design Manual (SH-081220ENG)](<https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/fa/products/hmi/got/smerit/gt_works3/manual/index.html>) \u201c5.4.3 Setting the IP filter\u201d\n\nWhen using the wireless LAN communication unit as a station, check if the router settings are as follows:\n\n * For the passphrase used for wireless LAN, avoid settings that can be guessed from the consecutive numbers and MAC address, and set an unpredictable passphrase combining letters and numbers.\n * Use WPA or WPA2 as the security authentication method for wireless LAN.\n * If you change the router settings, hide its presence on the Internet to make it difficult for unauthorized access. (e.g., set to not respond to PING requests).\n * Set password for the router\u2019s Management portal, which is difficult to be identified.\n\nCheck the following when using a computer or tablet, etc., on the same network.\n\n * Update Antivirus software to the latest version.\n * Do not open or access suspicious attachment file or linked URL.\n\nCISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:\n\n * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are [not accessible from the Internet](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01>).\n * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.\n * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.\n\nCISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. \n \nCISA also provides a section for [control systems security recommended practices](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/recommended-practices>) on the [ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>). Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including [Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf>).\n\nAdditional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the [ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics](<https://cisa.gov/ics>) in the Technical Information Paper, [ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B>). \n \nOrganizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.\n\nNo known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. \n\n## \nContact Information\n\nFor any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at: \n \nEmail: [CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov](<mailto:cisaservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov>) \nToll Free: 1-888-282-0870\n\nFor industrial control systems cybersecurity information: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics \nor incident reporting: https://us-cert.cisa.gov/report\n\nCISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy & Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-22-102-04>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2022-05-12T00:00:00", "type": "ics", "title": "Mitsubishi Electric GT25-WLAN (Update A)", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "LOW", "exploitabilityScore": 6.5, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 3.3, "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26146"], "modified": "2022-05-12T00:00:00", "id": "ICSA-22-102-04", "href": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-22-102-04", "cvss": {"score": 3.3, "vector": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "malwarebytes": [{"lastseen": "2021-05-21T10:40:11", "description": "A new set of vulnerabilities with an aggressive name and their own [website](<http://www.fragattacks.com/>) almost always bodes ill. The name FragAttack is a contraction of **fragmentation and aggregation attacks**, which immediately indicates the main area where the vulnerabilities were found.\n\nThe vulnerabilities are mostly in how Wi-Fi and connected devices handle data packets, and more particularly in how they handle fragments and frames of data packets. As far as the researcher is aware every Wi-Fi product is affected by at least one vulnerability.\n\n### The research\n\nThe researcher that uncovered the Wi-Fi vulnerabilities, some of which have existed since 1997, is [Mathy](<https://www.twitter.com/vanhoefm>)[ Vanhoef](<https://www.twitter.com/vanhoefm>). The vulnerabilities he discovered affect all modern Wi-Fi security protocols, including the latest WPA3 specification. You may remember Vanhoef as one of the researchers behind the [KrackAttacks](<https://www.krackattacks.com/>) weaknesses in the WPA2 protocol. As Vanhoef puts it:\n\n> \u201cit stays important to analyze even the most well-known security. Additionally, it shows that it's essential to regularly test Wi-Fi products for security vulnerabilities, which can for instance be done when certifying them.\u201d\n\n### Packet fragmentation\n\nIn each network, there is a maximum size to the chunks of data that can be transmitted on a network layer, called the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit). Packets can often be larger than this maximum size, so to fit inside the MTU limit each packet can be divided into smaller pieces of data, called fragments. These fragments are later re-assembled to reconstruct the original message.\n\nWi-Fi networks can use this packet fragmentation to improve throughput. By fragmenting data packets and sending more, but shorter frames, each transmission will have a lower probability of collision with another packet. So, if the content of a message is too large to fit inside a single packet, the content is spread across several fragments, each with its own header. \n\nJust like packets, frames are small parts of a message in the network. A frame helps to identify data and determine the way it should be decoded and interpreted. The main difference between a packet and a frame is the association with the [OSI layers](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model>). While a packet is the unit of data used in the network layer, a frame is the unit of data used on the layer below it in the OSI model\u2019s data link layer. A frame contains more information about the transmitted message than a packet.\n\n### The vulnerabilities\n\nThe researcher found several implementation flaws that can be abused to easily inject frames into a protected Wi-Fi network. These vulnerabilities can be grouped as follows:\n\n#### Device-specific flaws\n\n * Some Wi-Fi devices accept any unencrypted frame even when connected to a protected Wi-Fi network.\n * Certain devices accept plaintext aggregated frames that look like handshake messages.\n * Worse than those, some devices accept broadcast fragments even when sent unencrypted.\n\n#### Design flaws in the Wi-Fi feature that handling frames\n\n * The frame aggregation feature of Wi-Fi uses an "is aggregated" flag that is not authenticated and can be modified by an adversary.\n * Another design flaw is in the frame fragmentation feature of Wi-Fi. Receivers are not required to check whether every fragment that belongs to the same frame is encrypted with the same key and will reassemble fragments that were decrypted using different keys.\n * The third design flaw is also in Wi-Fi's frame fragmentation feature. When a client disconnects from the network, the Wi-Fi device is not required to remove non-reassembled fragments from memory.\n\nA few other implementation vulnerabilities that can be used to escalate the flaws mentioned above.\n\n### CVE\u2019s\n\nPublicly disclosed computer security flaws are listed in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database. Its goal is to make it easier to share data across separate vulnerability capabilities (tools, databases, and services). Although each affected codebase normally receives a unique CVE, the agreement between affected vendors was that, in this specific case, using the same CVE across different codebases would make communication easier.\n\nThe design flaws were assigned the following CVEs:\n\n * [CVE-2020-24588](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24588>): Aggregation attack (accepting non-SPP A-MSDU frames).\n * [CVE-2020-24587](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24587>): Mixed key attack (reassembling fragments encrypted under different keys).\n * [CVE-2020-24586](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24586>): Fragment cache attack (not clearing fragments from memory when (re)connecting to a network).\n\nImplementation vulnerabilities that allow the trivial injection of plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network were assigned these CVEs:\n\n * [CVE-2020-26145](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26145>): Samsung Galaxy S3 accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames (in an encrypted network).\n * [CVE-2020-26144](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26144>): Samsung Galaxy S3 accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL (in an encrypted network).\n * [CVE-2020-26140](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26140>): Alfa Windows 10 driver for AWUS036H accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network.\n * [CVE-2020-26143](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26143>): Alfa Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network.\n\nOther implementation flaws are assigned the following CVEs:\n\n * [CVE-2020-26139](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26139>): NetBSD forwarding EAPOL frames even though the sender is not yet authenticated.\n * [CVE-2020-26146](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26146>): Samsung Galaxy S3 reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers.\n * [CVE-2020-26147](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26147>): Linux kernel 5.8.9 reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments.\n * [CVE-2020-26142](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26142>): OpenBSD 6.6 kernel processing fragmented frames as full frames.\n * [CVE-2020-26141](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26141>): ALFA Windows 10 driver for AWUS036H not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames.\n\n### Vulnerable devices\n\nOn the dedicated site the researcher states that\n\n> \u201cexperiments indicate that every Wi-Fi product is affected by at least one vulnerability and that most products are affected by several vulnerabilities.\u201d\n\nThe statement is based on testing more than 75 devices, which showed they were all vulnerable to one or more of the discovered attacks.\n\n### Mitigation\n\nTo mitigate attacks where your router's NAT/firewall is bypassed and devices are directly attacked, you must assure that all your devices will need to be updated. Unfortunately, not all products get regular updates.\n\nUsing a [VPN](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com/privacy-2/2020/06/vpns-should-you-use-them/>) can prevent attacks where an adversary is trying to exfiltrate data. It will not prevent an adversary from bypassing your router's NAT/firewall to directly attack devices.\n\nThe impact of attacks can also be reduced by manually configuring your [DNS](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com/cybercrime/2015/09/dns-hijacks-what-to-look-for/>) server so that it cannot be poisoned.\n\n### Graveness of the vulnerabilities\n\nWe have been here before. When the KRACK vulnerabilities were revealed a few years ago some people treated it as if it was the end of Wi-Fi. You'll have noticed it wasn't. That doesn't mean it was nothing, either, but a little perspective goes a long way.\n\nThe CVEs registered to the FragAttacks have been given a medium severity rating and have CVSS scores sitting between 4.8 to 6.5. Which indicates that the chances of anything resembling remote control is probably too difficult to achieve to make it attractive. The data stealing options however are more imminent and could well be used in specific attacks.\n\n### Proof is in the pudding\n\nIf you are interested, you can find a demo and a link to a testing tool on the [dedicated website](<http://www.fragattacks.com/>). You can also find some FAQs and a pre-recorded presentation made for USENIX Security about these vulnerabilities.\n\nStay safe, everyone!\n\nThe post [FragAttack: New Wi-Fi vulnerabilities that affect\u2026 basically everything](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com/exploits-and-vulnerabilities/2021/05/fragattack-new-wi-fi-vulnerabilities-that-affect-basically-everything/>) appeared first on [Malwarebytes Labs](<https://blog.malwarebytes.com>).", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2021-05-12T17:31:21", "type": "malwarebytes", "title": "FragAttack: New Wi-Fi vulnerabilities that affect\u2026 basically everything", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-05-12T17:31:21", "id": "MALWAREBYTES:28CA5946147FC0561948BA2EF52A8329", "href": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/exploits-and-vulnerabilities/2021/05/fragattack-new-wi-fi-vulnerabilities-that-affect-basically-everything/", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"}}], "cisco": [{"lastseen": "2021-12-15T16:31:16", "description": "On May 11, 2021, the research paper Fragment and Forge: Breaking Wi-Fi Through Frame Aggregation and Fragmentation was made public. This paper discusses 12 vulnerabilities in the 802.11 standard. One vulnerability is in the frame aggregation functionality, two vulnerabilities are in the frame fragmentation functionality, and the other nine are implementation vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to forge encrypted frames, which could in turn enable the exfiltration of sensitive data from a targeted device.\n\nThis advisory will be updated as additional information becomes available.\n\nThis advisory is available at the following link:\nhttps://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wifi-faf-22epcEWu [\"https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wifi-faf-22epcEWu\"]", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-05-11T18:00:00", "type": "cisco", "title": "Multiple Vulnerabilities in Frame Aggregation and Fragmentation Implementations of 802.11 Specification Affecting Cisco Products: May 2021", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-12-15T15:47:26", "id": "CISCO-SA-WIFI-FAF-22EPCEWU", "href": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wifi-faf-22epcEWu", "cvss": {"score": 6.5, "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"}}], "hackerone": [{"lastseen": "2021-07-28T14:55:55", "bounty": 750.0, "description": "I discovered three design flaws in the Wi-Fi standard and widespread related implementation flaws ([see GitHub overview and test tool](https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks#fragattacks-fragmentation--aggregation-attacks)). **Here I'll specifically cover open source software**. These findings have not received bug bounties from other sources.\n\n\n# Implementation flaws allowing trivial packet injection\n\n- [CVE-2020-26140](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26140): Accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network. This allows trivial packet injection. On a Linux client, the AWUS036H network card is vulnerable and two out of four Linux-based **home routers** were vulnerable. On **NetBSD access points**, three out of four tested network cards were vulnerable, and on FreeBSD access points, the F5D8053 network card was vulnerable.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26143](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26143): Accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network. This allows trivial packet injection. On a **Linux client**, 7 out of 16 network cards were vulnerable. On FreeBSD access points, two out of four tested network cards were vulnerable.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26145](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26145): Accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames. This allows trivial packet injection. All tested network cards on **NetBSD and FreeBSD access points** were vulnerable. On a Linux client, only the TWFM-B003D network card was vulnerable.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26144](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26144): Accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL. This allows trivial packet injection. On a Linux client, the AWUS036ACH and TWFM-B003D network cards were vulnerable. All 6 tested **FreeBSD** network cards were vulnerable (both as clients and access points).\n\n\n# Other implementation vulnerabilities\n\n- [CVE-2020-26139](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26139): the access point forwards EAPOL frames even if the client isn't yet authenticated. This allows an adversary to perform the aggregation attack (see below) against any client by simply being within radio range (i.e. no social engineering needed). All **NetBSD and FreeBSD access points** were vulnerable, as were two out of four Linux-based home routers.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26146](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26146): reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. This can be abused to exfiltrate data, under the condition that another device sends fragmented frames. All tested open source Wi-Fi implementations were vulnerable (FreeBSD, NetBSD, FullMAC Linux drivers) except SoftMAC Linux drivers.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26147](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26147): reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments. The impact ranges from data exfiltration to packet injection, under the condition that another device sends fragmented frames. All open source Wi-Fi implementations were vulnerable (Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Linux, etc).\n\n- [CVE-2020-26142](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26142): processing fragmented frames as full frames. This can be abused to inject packets, under the condition that the another device sends fragmented frames, and in most cases requires (minor) social engineering. Among open source platforms, only OpenBSD was vulnerable.\n\n- [CVE-2020-26141](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26141): not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames. This can be abused to exfiltrate and inject packets in old WPA1 networks. On Linux, only the NWD6505 and AWUS036ACM network cards were vulnerable.\n\n\n# Design flaws\n\n1. [Aggregation Attack](https://www.fragattacks.com/#aggregationattack) (CVE-2020-24588): the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext Wi-Fi header is not authenticated. This can be abused, usually in combination with minor social engineering, to inject arbitrary packets to a victim. All 802.11n-compatible open source implementations were vulnerable (Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, etc).\n\n2. [Mixed Key Attack](https://www.fragattacks.com/#mixedkeyattack) (CVE-2020-24587): a receiver will reassemble fragments that were decrypted using different keys. Under very rare conditions this can be abused to exfiltrate data. All open source Wi-Fi implementations were vulnerable (FreeBSD, NetBSD, Linux, etc) except OpenBSD because it doesn't support fragmentation.\n\n3. [Fragment Cache Attack](https://www.fragattacks.com/#fragcacheattack) (CVE-2020-24586): a receiver will not clear fragments from memory when reconnecting or reassociating to a Wi-Fi network. Under the right conditions this can be abused to exfiltrate data. Under very rare conditions it can also be abused to inject arbitrary packets towards clients. Most open source Wi-Fi implementations were vulnerable (FreeBSD, Linux, etc) with the exception of OpenBSD and NetBSD.\n\n## Impact\n\nAs indicated above, there are two impacts:\n\n1. **Arbitrary packet injection**: this clearly breaks the security of Wi-Fi. A first practical example is that this can be abused to make a client use a malicious DNS server to subsequently intercept all traffic (and perform SSL stripping attacks). As second practical example, the adversary can abuse packet injection to \"punch holes in the NAT\" to then directly attack internal devices (e.g. exploit internet-of-things devices or exploit BlueKeep against outdated Windows 7 machines). See [this addendum](https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/fragattacks-overview.pdf) for the technical details or [watch three demos](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88YZ4061tYw).\n\n2. **Data exfiltration**: this is only possible if another device sends fragmented frames. In practice this is rare unless Wi-Fi 6 is used. Additionally, the data can only be exfiltrated if no higher-layer encryption is used (i.e. TLS will prevent data exfiltration).\n\n\nFinally, I've also contributed patches to these open source projects:\n\n- [Linux](https://lwn.net/ml/linux-wireless/20210511200110.30c4394bb835.I5acfdb552cc1d20c339c262315950b3eac491397@changeid/): I wrote patches to prevent all attacks. Additional defense-in-depth and driver-specific patches were added by Linux developers.\n\n- [Wi-Fi standard](https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/21/11-21-0816-00-000m-on-a-msdu-addressing.docx): I'm helping to update the 802.11 standard to fix the design flaws (starting with A-MSDU fixes).\n\n- [FreeBSD](https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=ALL%20reporter%3Avanhoef): I wrote patches to mitigate vulnerabilities in FreeBSD. These patches are now under review [[1](https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30665), [2](https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30664), [3](https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30663)].\n\n- [NetBSD](https://gnats.netbsd.org/cgi-bin/query-pr-single.pl?number=56204): I submitted initial patches. The remaining patches are in progress.\n\n- [OpenBSD](https://github.com/openbsd/src/commit/e12e039eea57d78605e08542b570756b41a2a610): I reviewed patches related to A-MSDU vulnerabilities resulting in more secure patches.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2021-06-19T21:24:25", "type": "hackerone", "title": "The Internet: Fragmentation and Aggregation Flaws in Wi-Fi", "bulletinFamily": "bugbounty", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 5.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-07-23T03:59:49", "id": "H1:1238470", "href": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1238470", "cvss": {"score": 5.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "threatpost": [{"lastseen": "2021-05-12T17:09:06", "description": "A Belgian security researcher specializing in Wi-Fi bugs has unearthed a clutch of new ones, which he called FragAttacks, that affect the Wi-Fi standard itself. The name is short for \u201cfragmentation and aggregation attacks.\u201d\n\nSome bugs date back to 1997, meaning that computers, smartphones or other smart devices as old as 24 years may be vulnerable to attackers in Wi-Fi range. If attackers are near enough, they could intercept the owner\u2019s information, trigger malicious code, and/or take over the device.\n\nMathy Vanhoef, the Belgian security researcher who discovered the FragAttacks, said in a Tuesday [post](<https://www.fragattacks.com/>) that three of the vulnerabilities are design flaws in the Wi-Fi standard and therefore \u201caffect most devices.\u201d Several other vulnerabilities are caused by \u201cwidespread programming mistakes,\u201d he said, with experiments indicating that \u201cevery Wi-Fi product is affected by at least one vulnerability,\u201d with most affected by several.\n\nVanhoef knows his Wi-Fi protocols and how to shred them: He previously discovered the [KRACK attack](<https://threatpost.com/krack-attack-devastates-wi-fi-security/128461/>), a devastating weakness in the WPA2 protocol that allows attackers to decrypt encrypted traffic, steal data and inject malicious code, depending on the network configuration. He also found the [RC4 NOMORE attack](<https://threatpost.com/new-rc4-attack-dramatically-reduces-plaintext-recovery-time/113808/>), which helped drive nails into the coffin of the RC4 encryption algorithm, as well as the Dragonblood attack against WPA3 Wi-Fi networks that would allow attackers to steal passwords.\n\nThe video below demonstrates three ways attackers can exploit the latest vulnerabilities: By intercepting victims\u2019 authentication credentials; abusing [insecure internet-of-things (IoT)](<https://threatpost.com/5-fundamental-iot-device-security-controls/165577/>) devices by remotely flipping a smart power socket on and off; and by serving as a foothold to launch advanced attacks, particularly by hijacking an outdated Windows 7 machine inside a local network.\n\n## Bugs Are Not Being Exploited in the Wild\u2026Maybe\n\nVanhoef said that the design flaws aren\u2019t being exploited now, nor have they been in the past \u2013 at least, not that he and his team are aware of. It took so long to discover some of the flaws, his hunch is that they haven\u2019t yet been uncovered elsewhere. It\u2019s tough to say for sure though, given how difficult it is to monitor all these devices, with the flaws reaching back over more than two decades. \u201cSo it is hard to give a definite answer to this question,\u201d he said.\n\nYaniv Bar-Dayan, CEO and co-founder at the vulnerability management provider Vulcan Cyber, agrees that an attack is unlikely, though we should take frag attacks against Wi-Fi devices quite seriously \u2013 they can, after all, be exploited to steal user data or attack devices. While serious, they would take a \u201cperfect storm\u201d, he said Attackers need to be in radio range, an exploit requires misconfigured network settings, and adversaries need direct interaction with a user. \u201cThis has the potential to seriously disrupt a large [swath] of users. However, it\u2019s unlikely that the exploitation of these vulnerabilities will be successful in the wild,\u201d he told Threatpost via email on Wednesday. \n\nThat doesn\u2019t mean that they can be ignored, though. While vendors work to pump out patches, it\u2019s vital that device owners implement proven Wi-Fi security best practices. \u201cEnd users and administrators alike need to be coordinated in their efforts to regularly patch connected devices, which include routers, IoT devices and smartphones,\u201d Bar-Dayan commented. \u201cMake sure your router is encrypting data, use a sophisticated and unique password or multi-factor authentication, don\u2019t broadcast your network ID, double check configurations are secure, and, above all else, patch early and often.\u201d\n\n## How the Bugs Work\n\nSeveral of the implementation flaws can be abused to \u201ceasily\u201d inject frames into a protected Wi-Fi network, Vanhoef explained. \u201cIn particular, an adversary can often inject an unencrypted Wi-Fi frame by carefully constructing this frame,\u201d he wrote.\n\nOne way these bugs can be abused to intercept a device owners\u2019 information is by tricking the client into using a malicious DNS server, as his demo video shows. Those flaws can also be used to compromise routers by bypassing the NAT/firewall, which would let attackers go after devices in a local Wi-Fi network. The demo video above demonstrates one example: An attack on an outdated Windows 7 machine.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)\n\nJoin Threatpost for \u201c[Fortifying Your Business Against Ransomware, DDoS & Cryptojacking Attacks](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)\u201d a LIVE roundtable event on Wednesday, May 12 at 2:00 PM EDT for this FREE webinar sponsored by Zoho ManageEngine.\n\nThe demo also shows how other vulnerabilities are linked to the process by which the Wi-Fi standard breaks and then reassembles network packets, allowing an attacker to siphon data by injecting their own malicious code during the operation.\n\n## How Does He Know That *Every* Device Is Affected?\n\nExperiments were done on more than 75 devices, with every one of them proving vulnerable to at least one of the discovered attacks. Could there be FragAttack-resistant Wi-Fi gadgets tucked into some cave in some dark corner of the globe? Well, if you find one, let him know, Vanhoef wrote.\n\n\u201cI\u2019m curious myself whether all devices in the whole world are indeed affected though!\u201d he said. \u201cTo find this out, if you find a device that isn\u2019t affected by at least one of the discovered vulnerabilities, let me know.\u201d\n\nDevice vendors, this could be your 15 minutes of fame. The researcher said that if you think your product isn\u2019t affected, please send him one: After he confirms that it can shrug off FragAttacks, the name of the company and the product will be featured in his post. No silent patches, please: Vanhoef has ways to sniff out whether the device was indeed available before the vulnerabilities were disclosed. He plans to present his research at the [USENIX Security](<https://www.fragattacks.com/#usenixpres>) conference, with a longer talk and more background scheduled for [Black Hat USA](<https://blackhat.com/us-21/briefings/schedule/index.html#fragattacks-breaking-wi-fi-through-fragmentation-and-aggregation-23518>), which takes place July 31-Aug. 5.\n\n## Welcome to a Hellish, Ongoing Patching Job\n\nDisclosure of the FragAttack vulnerabilities comes after a nine-month embargo: A period in which the Wi-Fi Alliance has been overhauling its standard and guidelines and working with device vendors as they release firmware patches, with supervision from the Industry Consortium for Advancement of Security on the Internet (ICASI). Not all vendors have patched at this point, but ICASI has published [an overview](<https://www.icasi.org/aggregation-fragmentation-attacks-against-wifi/>) of where they\u2019re at.\n\nThe creaky [WEP protocol](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-wi-fi-protection/145053/>) won\u2019t save you, and you should hang your head in shame if you\u2019re still using it, Vanhoef said: \u201cIn case you\u2019ve been living under a rock, stop using WEP, it\u2019s known to be a horrible security protocol.\u201d\n\nThis [tool](<https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks>) can test if clients or Wi-Fi access points, including home or enterprise networks, are vulnerable to the design and implementations flaws. The tool supports over 45 test cases and requires modified drivers in order to reliably test, but bear in mind that without modified drivers, you might come to the incorrect conclusion that a device isn\u2019t affected.\n\nTo check whether or not a device vendor has issued a patch for one of the dozen FragAttacks, check your device\u2019s firmware changelogs to see if it\u2019s received security updates that address these CVEs:\n\n### **Wi-Fi Standard Design Flaws:**\n\n * [CVE-2020-24588](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24588>): aggregation attack (accepting non-SPP A-MSDU frames).\n * [CVE-2020-24587](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24587>): mixed key attack (reassembling fragments encrypted under different keys).\n * [CVE-2020-24586](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24586>): fragment cache attack (not clearing fragments from memory when (re)connecting to a network).\n\n### **WiFi Standard Implementation Flaws:**\n\n * [CVE-2020-26145](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26145>): Accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames (in an encrypted network).\n * [CVE-2020-26144](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26144>): Accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL (in an encrypted network).\n * [CVE-2020-26140](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26140>): Accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network.\n * [CVE-2020-26143](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26143>): Accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network.\n\n### **Other Implementation Flaws:**\n\n * [CVE-2020-26139](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26139>): Forwarding EAPOL frames even though the sender is not yet authenticated (should only affect APs).\n * [CVE-2020-26146](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26146>): Reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers.\n * [CVE-2020-26147](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26147>): Reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments.\n * [CVE-2020-26142](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26142>): Processing fragmented frames as full frames.\n * [CVE-2020-26141](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26141>): Not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames\n\n## Why Didn\u2019t Anybody Notice Until Now?\n\nAs far as the aggregation design flaw goes, it was in fact noticed. Back in 2007, when the 802.11n amendment was being written, it introduced support for aggregated (A-MSDU) frames. Several IEEE members noticed that the \u201cis aggregated\u201d flag wasn\u2019t authenticated, but given that many products had already implemented a draft of the 802.11n amendment, it was decided that rather than work backwards, devices could advertise whether they are capable of authenticating the \u201cis aggregated\u201d flag.\n\nUnfortunately, as of 2020, \u201cnot a single tested device supported this capability, likely because it was considered hard to exploit,\u201d the researcher said. \u201cTo quote a remark made back in 2007: \u2018While it is hard to see how this can be exploited, it is clearly a flaw that is capable of being fixed.'\u201d\n\nIn short, it was noticed, a defense was cooked up, but nobody adopted it: A \u201cgood example that security defenses must be adopted before attacks become practical,\u201d Vanhoef said.\n\n## The Vendors Respond\n\nOn Monday, vendors issued a slew of advisories connected to the Frag Attacks. \n\n**Intel** \nFor its part, Intel issued [an advisory](<https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00473.html>) about the potential security vulnerabilities that can be found in its PROSet/Wireless WiFi and Intel vPro\u00ae Converged Security and Management Engine (CSME) WiFi and Killer\u2122 WiFi products and which may allow denial of service (DoS). The company is in the process of releasing firmware and software updates to fix the bugs, it says.\n\n**Linksys** \n[Linksys did the same](<https://www.linksys.com/us/support-article/?articleNum=246427#ff>), referring to the vulnerabilities with the name of Vanhoef\u2019s paper, which is titled [Fragment and Forge: Breaking Wi-Fi Through Frame Aggregation and Fragmentation](<https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/usenix2021.pdf>). The company said that \u201cdevices using encryption schemes from WEP up to WPA3 are affected industry wide,\u201d though an attacker would again need to either \u201chave a device under their control already on the target network or \u2026 to be in proximity of the Wi-Fi network and trick a user on the network to visit the attacker\u2019s server (phishing email, malicious ads, etc.).\u201d The company says it\u2019s working with vendors and manufacturers to get patches out and into customers\u2019 devices \u201cas soon as possible.\u201d \n\nBesides basic security protections \u2013 don\u2019t click on unexpected emails or visit fishy websites \u2013 Linksys also recommends periodically checking that there are no unfamiliar devices connected to your network. If so, block them and/or change your Wi-Fi network password and, as always, use a strong admin password for your router and enable automatic updates.\n\n**Cisco** \nThe hardware giant published [an advisory](<https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wifi-faf-22epcEWu>) with a list of affected products longer than your arm. It\u2019s still working to evaluate fixes, so check back: It will continue to update the advisory as it works through this blizzard. \n\nThanks to the nine-month embargo on disclosure, many affected devices and software have already been (quietly) fixed. That includes already applied [Linux patches](<https://lore.kernel.org/linux-wireless/20210511180259.159598-1-johannes@sipsolutions.net/#t>). Microsoft released its patches early, on March 9, which was actually the original date set for disclosure until it was decided to delay. Microsoft had already committed to shipping certain patches on March 9: a decision with which Vanhoef said he agreed, given that \u201creleasing certain patches without providing information about the vulnerabilities was, at that point, an acceptable risk. Put differently, the advantages of delaying the disclosure appeared to outweigh the risk that someone would reverse engineer the patches and rediscover certain attacks.\u201d\n\nAs for all the other Wi-Fi device vendors, Vanhoef recommended checking with them to find out whether the Frag Attacks have been addressed. \u201c[F]or some devices the impact is minor, while for others it\u2019s disastrous,\u201d he said.\n\n## What To Do if Your Device Isn\u2019t Patched Yet\n\nUsing a VPN can prevent attacks where an adversary is trying to exfiltrate data, but it won\u2019t prevent an attacker from bypassing your router\u2019s NAT/firewall to directly attack devices.\n\nVanhoef passed along these general security best practices:\n\n * Update your devices, including IoT/smart devices, which don\u2019t all receive regular updates\n * Don\u2019t reuse your passwords\n * Back up important data\n * Keep off of dicey websites\n * Double-check that websites you visit use HTTPS, or better yet, install the HTTPS Everywhere plugin, which forces HTTPS usages on websites that are known to support it\n * Manually configure your DNS server to prevent poisoning.\n\n051221 12:20 UPDATE: Added commentary from Yaniv Bar-Dayan. \n051221 13:03 UPSRW: Included vendor response data.\n\n**Join Threatpost for \u201c**[**Fortifying Your Business Against Ransomware, DDoS & Cryptojacking Attacks**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)**\u201d \u2013 a LIVE roundtable event on**[** Wed, May 12 at 2:00 PM EDT**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinarhttps://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)**. Sponsored by Zoho ManageEngine, Threatpost host Becky Bracken moderates an expert panel discussing best defense strategies for these 2021 threats. Questions and LIVE audience participation encouraged. Join the lively discussion and**[ **Register HERE**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)** for free. **\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-05-12T15:48:05", "type": "threatpost", "title": "\u2018FragAttacks\u2019: Wi-Fi Bugs Affect Millions of Devices", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-05-12T15:48:05", "id": "THREATPOST:2DBC4E237FAA8188A19D53BBB3356C62", "href": "https://threatpost.com/fragattacks-wifi-bugs-millions-devices/166080/", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-05-11T23:10:25", "description": "Microsoft\u2019s May Patch Tuesday release addressed a modest 55 cybersecurity vulnerabilities, including just four critical bugs. It\u2019s the smallest monthly update from the computing giant since 2020, but it does contain a patch for a concerning wormable vulnerability found in the Windows OS.\n\nThe good news is that none of the vulnerabilities are being actively exploited in the wild, according to Microsoft, though three are listed as publicly known.\n\n[The fixes](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-us>) address security flaws across Microsoft Windows, .NET Core and Visual Studio, Internet Explorer (IE), Microsoft Office, SharePoint Server, Open-Source Software, Hyper-V, Skype for Business and Microsoft Lync, and Exchange Server. Besides the four critical bugs, 50 are rated \u201cimportant\u201d and one is moderate in severity.\n\n## **Critical Microsoft Security Patches for May 2021**\n\nThe critical bugs in this month\u2019s Patch Tuesday release are:\n\n * [CVE-2021-31166](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31166>): A wormable HTTP protocol-stack issue in Windows 10 and some versions of Windows Server allowing remote code-execution (RCE)\n * [CVE-2021-26419](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-26419>): A scripting-engine memory corruption vulnerability in Internet Explorer 11 and 9 allowing RCE\n * [CVE-2021-31194](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31194>): An RCE bug in the Microsoft Windows Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) Automation\n * [CVE-2021-28476](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-28476>): An RCE vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Hyper-V\n\n### **CVE-2021-31166 \u2013 Wormable**\n\nThis most concerning critical bug for researchers is an HTTP protocol-stack issue that would allow RCE with kernel privileges or a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The HTTP protocol stack enables Windows and applications to communicate with other devices; it can be run standalone or in conjunction with Internet Information Services (IIS).\n\n\u201cIf exploited, this vulnerability could enable an unauthenticated attacker to send a specially crafted packet to a targeted server utilizing the HTTP protocol stack (http.sys) to process packets and ultimately, execute arbitrary code, and take control of the affected system,\u201d Eric Feldman, cybersecurity researcher with Automox, wrote in [an analysis](<https://blog.automox.com/automox-experts-weigh-in-may-patch-tuesday-2021>).\n\nWorse, Microsoft noted that the bug is wormable, so that it could be used to self-replicate across the internal network and affect internal services that may not have been exposed.\n\n\u201cThe vulnerability announced has the potential to be both directly impactful and is also exceptionally simple to exploit, leading to a remote and unauthenticated DoS (Blue Screen of Death) for affected products,\u201d Steve Povolny, head of advanced threat research and principle engineer at McAfee, said via email. \u201cWhile this vulnerability has the potential to lead to code execution in the Windows kernel, this type of weaponization is a much higher bar for exploitation. However, if RCE can be achieved, cybercriminals would likely have the capability to create a worm, leading to self-propagation of the vulnerability across networks and the internet.\u201d\n\n\u201cFor ransomware operators, this kind of vulnerability is a prime target for exploitation,\u201d Kevin Breen, director of cyber-threat research at Immersive Labs, told Threatpost. \u201cWormable exploits should always be a high priority, especially if they are for services that are designed to be public facing. As this specific exploit would not require any form of authentication, it\u2019s even more appealing for attackers, and any organization using HTTP.sys protocol stack should prioritize this patch.\u201d\n\nDustin Childs, researcher with Trend Micro\u2019s Zero Day Initiative (ZDI), noted [in a blog](<https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/blog/2021/5/11/the-may-2021-security-update-review>), \u201cBefore you pass this aside, Windows 10 can also be configured as a web server, so it is impacted as well. Definitely put this on the top of your test-and-deploy list.\u201d\n\n### **CVE-2021-26419**\n\nThis second critical bug affecting Microsoft\u2019s legacy browser allows RCE, and offers several avenues of attack, according to researchers.\n\n\u201cIn a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Internet Explorer and then convince a user to view the website,\u201d explained Feldman. \u201cAn attacker could also embed an ActiveX control marked \u2018safe for initialization\u2019 in an application or Microsoft Office document that hosts the IE rendering engine. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites and websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements. These websites could contain specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability.\u201d\n\nThe best way to counteract this bug is ditching IE, noted Breen.\n\n\u201cInternet Explorer needs to die \u2013 and I\u2019m not the only one that thinks so,\u201d he told Threatpost. \u201cIf you are an organization that has to provide IE11 to support legacy applications, consider enforcing a policy on the users that restricts the domains that can be accessed by IE11 to only those legacy applications. All other web browsing should be performed with a supported browser.\u201d\n\n### **CVE-2021-31194**\n\nThe third critical bug exists in the Microsoft Windows OLE Automation, which in and of itself should place it on the priority-patch list, according to researchers.\n\n\u201cTo exploit the vulnerability, an attacker could host a specially crafted website designed to invoke OLE automation through a web browser,\u201d explained Justin Knapp, Automox researcher. \u201cHowever, this approach requires that the attacker bait a user into visiting the maliciously crafted website.\u201d\n\nHe pointed out that OLE technology has frequently been used to mask malicious code within documents and for linking to external files that infect systems with malware.\n\n\u201cIn 2020, the CISA released an alert detailing the top 10 routinely exploited vulnerabilities, which identified Microsoft\u2019s OLE as the most commonly exploited technology by state-sponsored cyber-actors,\u201d he said. \u201cConsidering the prevalent exploitation of OLE vulnerabilities, including those that had been flagged years ago, organizations should immediately prioritize patching all outstanding OLE vulnerabilities.\u201d\n\n### **CVE-2021-28476**\n\nThe last critical bug is found in Windows Hyper-V, which is a native hypervisor that can create and run virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows. It can allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code, Knapp said: \u201cTo exploit this vulnerability, an attacker could run a specially crafted application on a Hyper-V guest that could cause the Hyper-V host operating system to execute arbitrary code when it fails to properly validate vSMB packet data. Successful exploitation could enable an attacker to run malicious binaries on Hyper-V virtual machines or execute arbitrary code on the host system itself.\u201d\n\nThat said, Microsoft noted that an attacker is more likely to abuse the bug for DoS attacks in the form of a system crash rather than RCE, Childs pointed out, which mitigates the vulnerability\u2019s CVSS score of 9.9.\n\n\u201cBecause of this, it could be argued that the attack complexity would be high, which changes the CVSS rating to 8.5,\u201d he said. \u201cThat still rates as high-severity, but not critical. Still, the bug check [system crash] alone is worth making sure your Hyper-V systems get this update.\u201d\n\n## **Publicly Disclosed Vulnerabilities**\n\nChris Goettl, senior director of product management at Ivanti, told Threatpost that the biggest patching priority should be the publicly disclosed bugs \u2013 even though there is as yet no known malicious exploitation.\n\n\u201cThe top concern from the Microsoft updates this month is the update for Microsoft Exchange that includes the fix for [CVE-2021-31207](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31207>), which made its debut in the [2021 Pwn2Own competition](<https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/blog/2021/4/2/pwn2own-2021-schedule-and-live-results>),\u201d he said.\n\nThe bug tracked as CVE-2021-31207 is only rated as \u201cmoderate,\u201d but the \u201csecurity feature-bypass exploit was showcased prominently in the Pwn2Own contest and at some point details of the exploit will be published,\u201d Goettl explained. \u201cAt that point threat actors will be able to take advantage of the vulnerability if they have not already begun attempting to reverse engineer an exploit.\u201d\n\nThere two other publicly disclosed vulnerabilities resolved by Microsoft this month that exist in Common Utilities, found in the NNI open-source toolkit ([CVE-2021-31200](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31200>)), and in .NET and Visual Studio ([CVE-2021-31204](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31204>)).\n\n\u201cCommon Utilities and .NET and Visual Studio are less likely to be targeted, but due to the public disclosures they should not be ignored for long,\u201d Goettl added.\n\n## **Other Notable Microsoft Security Patches for May 2021**\n\nAs for the other patches in the update that stood out to the research community, ZDI\u2019s Childs highlighted a Windows wireless networking information-disclosure bug, tracked as [CVE-2020-24587](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2020-24587>).\n\n\u201cThe ZDI doesn\u2019t normally highlight info disclosure bugs, but this one has the potential to be pretty damaging,\u201d Childs said. \u201cThis patch fixes a vulnerability that could allow an attacker to disclose the contents of encrypted wireless packets on an affected system. It\u2019s not clear what the range on such an attack would be, but you should assume some proximity is needed. You\u2019ll also note this CVE is from 2020, which could indicate Microsoft has been working on this fix for some time.\u201d\n\n### **Windows Graphics, SharePoint Server Patches**\n\nA trio of local privilege escalation flaws \u2013 two in the Windows Graphics Component ([CVE-2021-31188](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31188>), [CVE-2021-31170](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31170>)) and one in SharePoint Server ([CVE-2021-28474](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-28474>)) \u2013 caught Breen\u2019s eye.\n\nAs for the first two, he noted they could be chained with another bug, such as the wormable bug listed above, to become highly dangerous and allow for [WannaCry-style attacks](<https://threatpost.com/one-year-after-wannacry-a-fundamentally-changed-threat-landscape/132047/>).\n\n\u201cThis kind of vulnerability is often used by attackers after they have already gained a foothold through an initial infection vector, like phishing or via another exploit like the RCE in HTTP.sys (CVE-2021-31166),\u201d Breen noted via email. \u201cThe attackers are looking to increase their privileges so they can move laterally across a network or gain access to other accounts that may have access to more sensitive information.\u201d\n\nMeanwhile, the SharePoint bug allows an authenticated attacker to run code on remote SharePoint Servers.\n\n\u201cAs this is post-authentication, it\u2019s likely to be used as part of post-exploitation and lateral movement phases of an attack, rather than the initial-infection vector,\u201d Breen said. \u201cAttackers could gain access to sensitive documents or even replace real documents with weaponized versions, enabling the compromise of more user devices across the organization\u2019s network.\u201d\n\n### **Microsoft Exchange Server Patches**\n\nMicrosoft also patched four vulnerabilities in Microsoft Exchange Server. The flaws ([CVE-2021-31198](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31198>), RCE; [CVE-2021-31207](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31207>), spoofing; [CVE-2021-31209](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31209>), security bypass; and [CVE-2021-31195](<https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-31195>), RCE), are all rated important or moderate.\n\n\u201cCVE-2021-31195 is attributed to Orange Tsai of the DEVCORE research team, who was responsible for disclosing the [ProxyLogon Exchange Server](<https://threatpost.com/fbi-proxylogon-web-shells/165400/>) vulnerabilities that [were] patched in an out-of-band release back in March,\u201d Satnam Narang, staff research engineer with Tenable, told Threatpost. \u201cWhile none of these flaws are deemed critical in nature, it is a reminder that researchers and attackers are still looking closely at Exchange Server for additional vulnerabilities, so organizations that have yet to update their systems should do so as soon as possible.\u201d\n\nAnd finally, Ivanti\u2019s Goettl noted that several Microsoft products have reached end-of-life and won\u2019t be getting support going forward.\n\n\u201cThis month marks the final update for several Windows 10 and Server editions, so make sure you have updated any systems to newer branches to avoid a disruption in security update coverage come June,\u201d he said. \u201cWindows 10 1803 and 1809 and Server 1909 all received their final update on May Patch Tuesday 2021.\u201d\n\n**Join Threatpost for \u201c**[**Fortifying Your Business Against Ransomware, DDoS & Cryptojacking Attacks**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)**\u201d \u2013 a LIVE roundtable event on**[** Wed, May 12 at 2:00 PM EDT**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinarhttps://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)**. Sponsored by Zoho ManageEngine, Threatpost host Becky Bracken moderates an expert panel discussing best defense strategies for these 2021 threats. Questions and LIVE audience participation encouraged. Join the lively discussion and **[**Register HERE**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/fortifying-your-business-against-attacks/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=May_Zoho_Webinar>)** for free. **\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-05-11T20:05:44", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Wormable Windows Bug Opens Door to DoS, RCE", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2021-26419", "CVE-2021-28474", "CVE-2021-28476", "CVE-2021-31166", "CVE-2021-31170", "CVE-2021-31188", "CVE-2021-31194", "CVE-2021-31195", "CVE-2021-31198", "CVE-2021-31200", "CVE-2021-31204", "CVE-2021-31207", "CVE-2021-31209"], "modified": "2021-05-11T20:05:44", "id": "THREATPOST:A2FE619CD27EBEC2F6B0C62ED026F02C", "href": "https://threatpost.com/wormable-windows-bug-dos-rce/166057/", "cvss": {"score": 0.0, "vector": "NONE"}}], "checkpoint_security": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-10T22:00:47", "description": "Cause\n\nSeveral CVEs were published on Wi-Fi devices under the name FragAttacks. More information about them can be found at: <https://www.fragattacks.com/> \n \nThe list of new CVEs related to wireless security flaws with fragmented and aggregated frames, is relevant to Check Point Quantum Spark wireless products. All of the vulnerabilities are in the wireless medium and therefore require physical proximity to the appliance and can not be exploited just from any network. \n \nThese are the relevant CVEs: \n[CVE-2020-24586](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-24586>) \u2013 Not clearing fragments from memory when (re)connecting to a network \n[CVE-2020-26144](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26144>) \u2013 Accepting plaintext A-MSDU frames that start with an RFC1042 header with EtherType EAPOL (in an encrypted network) \n[CVE-2020-26145](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26145>) \u2013 Accepting plaintext broadcast fragments as full frames (in an encrypted network) \n[CVE-2020-26146](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26146>) \u2013 Reassembling encrypted fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers \n[CVE-2020-26147](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26147>) \u2013 Reassembling mixed encrypted/plaintext fragments \n[CVE-2020-24587](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-24587>) \u2013 Reassembling fragments encrypted under different keys \n[CVE-2020-24588](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-24588>) \u2013 Accepting non-SPP A-MSDU frames \n[CVE-2020-26139](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26139>) \u2013 Forwarding EAPOL frames even though the sender is not yet authenticated \n[CVE-2020-26140](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26140>) \u2013 Accepting plaintext data frames in a protected network \n[CVE-2020-26141](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26141>) \u2013 Not verifying the TKIP MIC of fragmented frames \n[CVE-2020-26143](<https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-26143>) \u2013 Accepting fragmented plaintext data frames in a protected network \n\n\nSolution\n\nThis problem was fixed. The fix is included in:\n\n * [**R77.20.87 Build 990172913 for 700/900/1400 Appliances**](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?action=portlets.DCFileAction&eventSubmit_doGetdcdetails=&fileid=116361>)\n * [**R80.20.25 Build 992002136 for 1500 Appliances**](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?action=portlets.DCFileAction&eventSubmit_doGetdcdetails=&fileid=116364>)\n * **[R80.20.30 for Quantum Spark Appliances](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doGoviewsolutiondetails=&solutionid=sk173185>)**\nNote: The R77.20.87 and R80.20.25 fixes are Jumbo Hotfixes based on the latest Jumbo release. \nThe sequence number is different because it is a different branch (until a new public jumbo GA will be available). \n \nCheck Point recommends to always upgrade to the most recent version ([700 ](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doShowproductpage&productTab=overview&product=460>)/ [1400 ](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doShowproductpage&productTab=overview&product=490>)/ [1500](<https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doShowproductpage&productTab=overview&product=512>)). \n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 6.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6}, "published": "2021-06-10T09:24:30", "type": "checkpoint_security", "title": "Check Point Response to Wi-Fi FragAttacks in Quantum Spark appliances", "bulletinFamily": "software", "cvss2": {"severity": "LOW", "exploitabilityScore": 6.5, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 3.3, "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 2.9, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147"], "modified": "2021-06-10T09:24:30", "id": "CPS:SK173718", "href": "https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doGoviewsolutiondetails=&solutionid=sk173718", "cvss": {"score": 3.3, "vector": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"}}], "nessus": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-14T21:30:48", "description": "According to the versions of the kernel packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26140)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in OpenBSD 6.6. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets, independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26142)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26143)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - In the nl80211_policy policy of nl80211.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not required for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID:\n A-119770583 (CVE-2020-27068)\n\n - A heap out-of-bounds write affecting Linux since v2.6.19-rc1 was discovered in net/netfilter/x_tables.c.\n This allows an attacker to gain privileges or cause a DoS (via heap memory corruption) through user name space (CVE-2021-22555)\n\n - ** DISPUTED ** In drivers/char/virtio_console.c in the Linux kernel before 5.13.4, data corruption or loss can be triggered by an untrusted device that supplies a buf->len value exceeding the buffer size. NOTE:\n the vendor indicates that the cited data corruption is not a vulnerability in any existing use case; the length validation was added solely for robustness in the face of anomalous host OS behavior.\n (CVE-2021-38160)\n\n - net/nfc/llcp_sock.c in the Linux kernel before 5.12.10 allows local unprivileged users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and BUG) by making a getsockname call after a certain type of failure of a bind call. (CVE-2021-38208)\n\nNote that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.", "cvss3": {"score": 7.8, "vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}, "published": "2021-11-11T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "EulerOS 2.0 SP5 : kernel (EulerOS-SA-2021-2663)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26147", "CVE-2020-27068", "CVE-2021-3715", "CVE-2021-22555", "CVE-2021-38160", "CVE-2021-38208"], "modified": "2022-01-20T00:00:00", "cpe": ["p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:kernel", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:kernel-devel", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:kernel-headers", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:kernel-tools", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:kernel-tools-libs", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:perf", "p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:python-perf", "cpe:/o:huawei:euleros:2.0"], "id": "EULEROS_SA-2021-2663.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/155142", "sourceData": "#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300\n##\n# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.\n##\n\ninclude('deprecated_nasl_level.inc');\ninclude('compat.inc');\n\nif (description)\n{\n script_id(155142);\n script_version(\"1.3\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"plugin_modification_date\", value:\"2022/01/20\");\n\n script_cve_id(\n \"CVE-2020-24586\",\n \"CVE-2020-24587\",\n \"CVE-2020-24588\",\n \"CVE-2020-26139\",\n \"CVE-2020-26140\",\n \"CVE-2020-26141\",\n \"CVE-2020-26142\",\n \"CVE-2020-26143\",\n \"CVE-2020-26145\",\n \"CVE-2020-26147\",\n \"CVE-2020-27068\",\n \"CVE-2021-3715\",\n \"CVE-2021-22555\",\n \"CVE-2021-38160\",\n \"CVE-2021-38208\"\n );\n script_xref(name:\"IAVA\", value:\"2021-A-0223-S\");\n script_xref(name:\"IAVA\", value:\"2021-A-0222-S\");\n\n script_name(english:\"EulerOS 2.0 SP5 : kernel (EulerOS-SA-2021-2663)\");\n\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"synopsis\", value:\n\"The remote EulerOS host is missing multiple security updates.\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"description\", value:\n\"According to the versions of the kernel packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by\nthe following vulnerabilities :\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a\n network. 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An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in OpenBSD 6.6. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets, independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26142)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26143)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first 8 bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - A memory leak flaw in the Linux kernel's hugetlbfs memory usage was found in the way the user maps some regions of memory twice using shmget() which are aligned to PUD alignment with the fault of some of the memory pages. A local user could use this flaw to get unauthorized access to some data. (CVE-2021-4002)\n\n - In the IPv6 implementation in the Linux kernel before 5.13.3, net/ipv6/output_core.c has an information leak because of certain use of a hash table which, although big, doesn't properly consider that IPv6-based attackers can typically choose among many IPv6 source addresses. 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first 8 bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26144)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in OpenBSD 6.6. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets, independent of the network configuration. 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User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-173843328References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-0512)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. 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(CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary\n can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an\n adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. 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(CVE-2020-26147)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version\nnumber.\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"see_also\", value:\"https://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2021-9459.html\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"solution\", value:\n\"Update the affected packages.\");\n script_set_cvss_base_vector(\"CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P\");\n script_set_cvss_temporal_vector(\"CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C\");\n script_set_cvss3_base_vector(\"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\");\n script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector(\"CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cvss_score_source\", value:\"CVE-2019-17133\");\n\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"exploitability_ease\", value:\"No known exploits are available\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"exploit_available\", value:\"false\");\n\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"vuln_publication_date\", value:\"2019/04/25\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"patch_publication_date\", value:\"2021/09/22\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"plugin_publication_date\", value:\"2021/09/22\");\n\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"plugin_type\", value:\"local\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"cpe:/o:oracle:linux:7\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek-debug\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek-debug-devel\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek-devel\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek-doc\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"cpe\", value:\"p-cpe:/a:oracle:linux:kernel-uek-firmware\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"stig_severity\", value:\"I\");\n script_end_attributes();\n\n script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);\n script_family(english:\"Oracle Linux Local Security Checks\");\n\n script_copyright(english:\"This script is Copyright (C) 2021 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.\");\n\n script_dependencies(\"linux_alt_patch_detect.nasl\", \"ssh_get_info.nasl\");\n script_require_keys(\"Host/OracleLinux\", \"Host/RedHat/release\", \"Host/RedHat/rpm-list\", \"Host/local_checks_enabled\");\n\n exit(0);\n}\n\n\ninclude('audit.inc');\ninclude('global_settings.inc');\ninclude('ksplice.inc');\ninclude('rpm.inc');\n\nif (!get_kb_item('Host/local_checks_enabled')) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);\nif (!get_kb_item('Host/OracleLinux')) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'Oracle Linux');\nvar release = get_kb_item(\"Host/RedHat/release\");\nif (isnull(release) || !pregmatch(pattern: \"Oracle (?:Linux Server|Enterprise Linux)\", string:release)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'Oracle Linux');\nvar os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: \"Oracle (?:Linux Server|Enterprise Linux) .*release ([0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?)\", string:release);\nif (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, 'Oracle Linux');\nvar os_ver = os_ver[1];\nif (! preg(pattern:\"^7([^0-9]|$)\", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'Oracle Linux 7', 'Oracle Linux ' + os_ver);\n\nif (!get_kb_item('Host/RedHat/rpm-list')) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);\n\nvar cpu = get_kb_item('Host/cpu');\nif (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);\nif ('x86_64' >!< cpu && cpu !~ \"^i[3-6]86$\" && 'aarch64' >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, 'Oracle Linux', cpu);\nif ('x86_64' >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_ARCH_NOT, 'x86_64', cpu);\n\nvar machine_uptrack_level = get_one_kb_item('Host/uptrack-uname-r');\nif (machine_uptrack_level)\n{\n var trimmed_uptrack_level = ereg_replace(string:machine_uptrack_level, pattern:\"\\.(x86_64|i[3-6]86|aarch64)$\", replace:'');\n var fixed_uptrack_levels = ['4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek'];\n foreach var fixed_uptrack_level ( fixed_uptrack_levels ) {\n if (rpm_spec_vers_cmp(a:trimmed_uptrack_level, b:fixed_uptrack_level) >= 0)\n {\n audit(AUDIT_PATCH_INSTALLED, 'KSplice hotfix for ELSA-2021-9459');\n }\n }\n __rpm_report = 'Running KSplice level of ' + trimmed_uptrack_level + ' does not meet the minimum fixed level of ' + join(fixed_uptrack_levels, sep:' / ') + ' for this advisory.\\n\\n';\n}\n\nvar kernel_major_minor = get_kb_item('Host/uname/major_minor');\nif (empty_or_null(kernel_major_minor)) exit(1, 'Unable to determine kernel major-minor level.');\nvar expected_kernel_major_minor = '4.1';\nif (kernel_major_minor != expected_kernel_major_minor)\n audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'running kernel level ' + expected_kernel_major_minor + ', it is running kernel level ' + kernel_major_minor);\n\nvar pkgs = [\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-4.1.12'},\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-debug-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-debug-4.1.12'},\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-debug-devel-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-debug-devel-4.1.12'},\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-devel-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-devel-4.1.12'},\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-doc-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-doc-4.1.12'},\n {'reference':'kernel-uek-firmware-4.1.12-124.54.6.1.el7uek', 'release':'7', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'kernel-uek-firmware-4.1.12'}\n];\n\nvar flag = 0;\nforeach var package_array ( pkgs ) {\n var reference = NULL;\n var release = NULL;\n var sp = NULL;\n var cpu = NULL;\n var el_string = NULL;\n var rpm_spec_vers_cmp = NULL;\n var epoch = NULL;\n var allowmaj = NULL;\n var exists_check = NULL;\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['reference'])) reference = package_array['reference'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['release'])) release = 'EL' + package_array['release'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['sp'])) sp = package_array['sp'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['cpu'])) cpu = package_array['cpu'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['el_string'])) el_string = package_array['el_string'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'])) rpm_spec_vers_cmp = package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['epoch'])) epoch = package_array['epoch'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['allowmaj'])) allowmaj = package_array['allowmaj'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['exists_check'])) exists_check = package_array['exists_check'];\n if (reference && release) {\n if (exists_check) {\n if (rpm_exists(release:release, rpm:exists_check) && rpm_check(release:release, sp:sp, cpu:cpu, reference:reference, epoch:epoch, el_string:el_string, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp, allowmaj:allowmaj)) flag++;\n } else {\n if (rpm_check(release:release, sp:sp, cpu:cpu, reference:reference, epoch:epoch, el_string:el_string, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp, allowmaj:allowmaj)) flag++;\n }\n }\n}\n\nif (flag)\n{\n security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : rpm_report_get()\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'kernel-uek / kernel-uek-debug / kernel-uek-debug-devel / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 7.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-09T16:28:11", "description": "The remote OracleVM system is missing necessary patches to address security updates:\n\n - In the Linux kernel through 5.3.2, cfg80211_mgd_wext_giwessid in net/wireless/wext-sme.c does not reject a long SSID IE, leading to a Buffer Overflow. (CVE-2019-17133)\n\n - In the Linux kernel 5.0.21 and 5.3.11, mounting a crafted btrfs filesystem image, performing some operations, and then making a syncfs system call can lead to a use-after-free in try_merge_free_space in fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c because the pointer to a left data structure can be the same as the pointer to a right data structure. (CVE-2019-19448)\n\n - An infinite loop issue was found in the vhost_net kernel module in Linux Kernel up to and including v5.1-rc6, while handling incoming packets in handle_rx(). It could occur if one end sends packets faster than the other end can process them. A guest user, maybe remote one, could use this flaw to stall the vhost_net kernel thread, resulting in a DoS scenario. (CVE-2019-3900)\n\n - A pivot_root race condition in fs/namespace.c in the Linux kernel 4.4.x before 4.4.221, 4.9.x before 4.9.221, 4.14.x before 4.14.178, 4.19.x before 4.19.119, and 5.x before 5.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic) by corrupting a mountpoint reference counter. (CVE-2020-12114)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26140)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in OpenBSD 6.6. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets, independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26142)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26143)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first 8 bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26144)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. An adversary can abuse this to exfiltrate selected fragments. This vulnerability is exploitable when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. Note that WEP is vulnerable to this attack by design. (CVE-2020-26146)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - In __hidinput_change_resolution_multipliers of hid-input.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-173843328References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-0512)\n\n - A vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel in versions prior to v5.14-rc1. Missing size validations on inbound SCTP packets may allow the kernel to read uninitialized memory. (CVE-2021-3655)\n\n - A flaw was found in the Routing decision classifier in the Linux kernel's Traffic Control networking subsystem in the way it handled changing of classification filters, leading to a use-after-free condition.\n This flaw allows unprivileged local users to escalate their privileges on the system. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability. (CVE-2021-3715)\n\n - ** DISPUTED ** In drivers/char/virtio_console.c in the Linux kernel before 5.13.4, data corruption or loss can be triggered by an untrusted device that supplies a buf->len value exceeding the buffer size. NOTE:\n the vendor indicates that the cited data corruption is not a vulnerability in any existing use case; the length validation was added solely for robustness in the face of anomalous host OS behavior.\n (CVE-2021-38160)\n\n - A race condition was discovered in ext4_write_inline_data_end in fs/ext4/inline.c in the ext4 subsystem in the Linux kernel through 5.13.13. (CVE-2021-40490)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {"score": 9.8, "vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}, "published": "2021-09-23T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "OracleVM 3.4 : kernel-uek (OVMSA-2021-0031)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-17133", "CVE-2019-19448", "CVE-2019-3900", "CVE-2020-12114", "CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26140", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26142", "CVE-2020-26143", "CVE-2020-26144", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26146", "CVE-2020-26147", "CVE-2021-0512", "CVE-2021-3655", "CVE-2021-3715", "CVE-2021-38160", "CVE-2021-40490"], "modified": "2022-03-31T00:00:00", "cpe": ["p-cpe:/a:oracle:vm:kernel-uek", "p-cpe:/a:oracle:vm:kernel-uek-firmware", "cpe:/o:oracle:vm_server:3.4"], "id": "ORACLEVM_OVMSA-2021-0031.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/153582", "sourceData": "#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300\n##\n# (C) Tenable, Inc.\n#\n# The package checks in this plugin were\n# extracted from OracleVM Security Advisory OVMSA-2021-0031.\n##\n\ninclude('deprecated_nasl_level.inc');\ninclude('compat.inc');\n\nif (description)\n{\n script_id(153582);\n script_version(\"1.4\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"plugin_modification_date\", value:\"2022/03/31\");\n\n script_cve_id(\n \"CVE-2019-3900\",\n \"CVE-2019-17133\",\n \"CVE-2019-19448\",\n \"CVE-2020-12114\",\n \"CVE-2020-24586\",\n \"CVE-2020-24587\",\n \"CVE-2020-24588\",\n \"CVE-2020-26139\",\n \"CVE-2020-26140\",\n \"CVE-2020-26141\",\n \"CVE-2020-26142\",\n \"CVE-2020-26143\",\n \"CVE-2020-26144\",\n \"CVE-2020-26145\",\n \"CVE-2020-26146\",\n \"CVE-2020-26147\",\n \"CVE-2021-0512\",\n \"CVE-2021-3655\",\n \"CVE-2021-3715\",\n \"CVE-2021-38160\",\n \"CVE-2021-40490\"\n );\n\n script_name(english:\"OracleVM 3.4 : kernel-uek (OVMSA-2021-0031)\");\n\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"synopsis\", value:\n\"The remote OracleVM host is missing one or more security updates.\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"description\", value:\n\"The remote OracleVM system is missing necessary patches to address security updates:\n\n - In the Linux kernel through 5.3.2, cfg80211_mgd_wext_giwessid in net/wireless/wext-sme.c does not reject a\n long SSID IE, leading to a Buffer Overflow. 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(CVE-2020-26142)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and\n WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can\n abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26143)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3\n implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first 8 bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042\n (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets\n independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26144)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3\n implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process\n them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets\n independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations\n reassemble fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. An adversary can abuse this to exfiltrate\n selected fragments. This vulnerability is exploitable when another device sends fragmented frames and the\n WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. Note that WEP is vulnerable to this attack by\n design. (CVE-2020-26146)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble\n fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject\n packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. 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The highest threat\n from this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability. (CVE-2021-3715)\n\n - ** DISPUTED ** In drivers/char/virtio_console.c in the Linux kernel before 5.13.4, data corruption or loss\n can be triggered by an untrusted device that supplies a buf->len value exceeding the buffer size. NOTE:\n the vendor indicates that the cited data corruption is not a vulnerability in any existing use case; the\n length validation was added solely for robustness in the face of anomalous host OS behavior.\n (CVE-2021-38160)\n\n - A race condition was discovered in ext4_write_inline_data_end in fs/ext4/inline.c in the ext4 subsystem in\n the Linux kernel through 5.13.13. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26140)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in OpenBSD 6.6. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations treat fragmented frames as full frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets, independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26142)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 1030.36.604 for AWUS036ACH. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept fragmented plaintext frames in a protected Wi-Fi network. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary data frames independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26143)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept plaintext A-MSDU frames as long as the first 8 bytes correspond to a valid RFC1042 (i.e., LLC/SNAP) header for EAPOL. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26144)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments with non-consecutive packet numbers. An adversary can abuse this to exfiltrate selected fragments. This vulnerability is exploitable when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. Note that WEP is vulnerable to this attack by design. (CVE-2020-26146)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - A flaw was found in the Linux SCTP stack. A blind attacker may be able to kill an existing SCTP association through invalid chunks if the attacker knows the IP-addresses and port numbers being used and the attacker can send packets with spoofed IP addresses. (CVE-2021-3772)\n\n - In gre_handle_offloads of ip_gre.c, there is a possible page fault due to an invalid memory access. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID:\n A-150694665References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-39633)\n\n - In fs/eventpoll.c, there is a possible use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product:\n AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-204450605References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-39634)\n\n - A memory leak flaw in the Linux kernel's hugetlbfs memory usage was found in the way the user maps some regions of memory twice using shmget() which are aligned to PUD alignment with the fault of some of the memory pages. A local user could use this flaw to get unauthorized access to some data. (CVE-2021-4002)\n\n - A use-after-free exists in drivers/tee/tee_shm.c in the TEE subsystem in the Linux kernel through 5.15.11.\n This occurs because of a race condition in tee_shm_get_from_id during an attempt to free a shared memory object. (CVE-2021-44733)\n\n - In the IPv6 implementation in the Linux kernel before 5.13.3, net/ipv6/output_core.c has an information leak because of certain use of a hash table which, although big, doesn't properly consider that IPv6-based attackers can typically choose among many IPv6 source addresses. (CVE-2021-45485)\n\n - In the IPv4 implementation in the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/ipv4/route.c has an information leak because the hash table is very small. (CVE-2021-45486)\n\n - An issue was discovered in fs/nfs/dir.c in the Linux kernel before 5.16.5. If an application sets the O_DIRECTORY flag, and tries to open a regular file, nfs_atomic_open() performs a regular lookup. 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(CVE-2021-3772)\n\n - In gre_handle_offloads of ip_gre.c, there is a possible page fault due to an invalid memory access. This\n could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User\n interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID:\n A-150694665References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-39633)\n\n - In fs/eventpoll.c, there is a possible use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege\n with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product:\n AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-204450605References: Upstream kernel (CVE-2021-39634)\n\n - A memory leak flaw in the Linux kernel's hugetlbfs memory usage was found in the way the user maps some\n regions of memory twice using shmget() which are aligned to PUD alignment with the fault of some of the\n memory pages. 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ALSA: hda/conexant: Re-order CX5066 quirk table entries (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: ALC285 Thinkpad jack pin quirk is unreachable (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: Add some CLOVE SSIDs of ALC293 (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: Headphone volume is controlled by Front mixer (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: reset eapd coeff to default value for alc287 (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda: fixup headset for ASUS GU502 laptop (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda: generic: change the DAC ctl name for LO+SPK or LO+HP (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hdsp: do not disable if not enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hdspm: do not disable if not enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: intel8x0: Do not update period unless prepared (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: line6: Fix racy initialization of LINE6 MIDI (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: rme9652: do not disable if not enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: Validate MS endpoint descriptors (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: fix control-request direction (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2: Fix device hang with ehci-pci (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2: Improve driver startup messages (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2:\n snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create() can be static (git-fixes).\n\n - ARM64: vdso32: Install vdso32 from vdso_install (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: Intel: bytcr_rt5640: Add quirk for the Chuwi Hi8 tablet (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: Intel: bytcr_rt5640: Enable jack-detect support on Asus T100TAF (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: cs35l33: fix an error code in probe() (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: cs42l42: Regmap must use_single_read/write (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rsnd: call rsnd_ssi_master_clk_start() from rsnd_ssi_init() (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rsnd: core: Check convert rate in rsnd_hw_params (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rt286: Generalize support for ALC3263 codec (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rt286: Make RT286_SET_GPIO_* readable and writable (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix handling LE modes by L2CAP_OPTIONS (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: SMP: Fail if remote and local public keys are identical (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: Set CONF_NOT_COMPLETE as l2cap_chan default (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: check for zapped sk before connecting (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: initialize skb_queue_head at l2cap_chan_create() (git-fixes).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Fix Suspend-to-Idle for Generation-2 VM (git-fixes).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Increase wait time for VMbus unload (bsc#1185725).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Initialize unload_event statically (bsc#1185725).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Use after free in __vmbus_open() (git-fixes).\n\n - Input: elants_i2c - do not bind to i2c-hid compatible ACPI instantiated devices (git-fixes).\n\n - Input: silead - add workaround for x86 BIOS-es which bring the chip up in a stuck state (git-fixes).\n\n - KVM: s390: fix guarded storage control register handling (bsc#1133021).\n\n - Move upstreamed media fixes into sorted section\n\n - NFC: nci: fix memory leak in nci_allocate_device (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI/RCEC: Fix RCiEP device to RCEC association (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: Allow VPD access for QLogic ISP2722 (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: PM: Do not read power state in pci_enable_device_flags() (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: Release OF node in pci_scan_device()'s error path (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: endpoint: Fix missing destroy_workqueue() (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: iproc: Fix return value of iproc_msi_irq_domain_alloc() (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: thunder: Fix compile testing (git-fixes).\n\n - PM / devfreq: Use more accurate returned new_freq as resume_freq (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/addr: create addr_wq with WQ_MEM_RECLAIM flag (bsc#1183346).\n\n - RDMA/core: create ib_cm with WQ_MEM_RECLAIM flag (bsc#1183346).\n\n - RDMA/hns: Delete redundant abnormal interrupt status (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/hns: Delete redundant condition judgment related to eq (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/qedr: Fix error return code in qedr_iw_connect() (jsc#SLE-8215).\n\n - RDMA/srpt: Fix error return code in srpt_cm_req_recv() (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'arm64: vdso: Fix compilation with clang older than 8' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'gdrom: fix a memory leak bug' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'i3c master: fix missing destroy_workqueue() on error in i3c_master_register' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'leds: lp5523: fix a missing check of return value of lp55xx_read' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 337f13046ff0 ('futex: Allow FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME with FUTEX_WAIT op') (git-fixes).\n\n - SUNRPC in case of backlog, hand free slots directly to waiting task (bsc#1185428).\n\n - SUNRPC: More fixes for backlog congestion (bsc#1185428).\n\n - USB: Add LPM quirk for Lenovo ThinkPad USB-C Dock Gen2 Ethernet (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: Add reset-resume quirk for WD19's Realtek Hub (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: serial: pl2303: add support for PL2303HXN (bsc#1186320).\n\n - USB: serial: pl2303: fix line-speed handling on newer chips (bsc#1186320).\n\n - USB: serial: ti_usb_3410_5052: fix TIOCSSERIAL permission check (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: trancevibrator: fix control-request direction (git-fixes).\n\n - amdgpu: avoid incorrect %hu format string (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64/mm: Fix pfn_valid() for ZONE_DEVICE based memory (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: Add missing ISB after invalidating TLB in\n __primary_switch (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: avoid -Woverride-init warning (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kasan: fix page_alloc tagging with DEBUG_VIRTUAL (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kdump: update ppos when reading elfcorehdr (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kexec_file: fix memory leakage in create_dtb() when fdt_open_into() fails (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: link with -z norelro for LLD or aarch64-elf (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: link with -z norelro regardless of CONFIG_RELOCATABLE (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: ptrace: Fix seccomp of traced syscall -1 (NO_SYSCALL) (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: ptrace: Use NO_SYSCALL instead of -1 in syscall_trace_enter() (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: vdso32: make vdso32 install conditional (git-fixes).\n\n - arm: mm: use __pfn_to_section() to get mem_section (git-fixes).\n\n - ata: ahci: Disable SXS for Hisilicon Kunpeng920 (git-fixes).\n\n - blk-iocost: ioc_pd_free() shouldn't assume irq disabled (git-fixes).\n\n - blk-mq: Swap two calls in blk_mq_exit_queue() (git-fixes).\n\n - block/genhd: use atomic_t for disk_event->block (bsc#1185497).\n\n - block: Fix three kernel-doc warnings (git-fixes).\n\n - block: fix get_max_io_size() (git-fixes).\n\n - bnxt_en: Fix RX consumer index logic in the error path (git-fixes).\n\n - bnxt_en: fix ternary sign extension bug in bnxt_show_temp() (git-fixes).\n\n - bpf: Fix leakage of uninitialized bpf stack under speculation (bsc#1155518).\n\n - bpf: Fix masking negation logic upon negative dst register (bsc#1155518).\n\n - btrfs: fix race between transaction aborts and fsyncs leading to use-after-free (bsc#1186441).\n\n - btrfs: fix race when picking most recent mod log operation for an old root (bsc#1186439).\n\n - cdc-wdm: untangle a circular dependency between callback and softint (git-fixes).\n\n - cdrom: gdrom: deallocate struct gdrom_unit fields in remove_gdrom (git-fixes).\n\n - cdrom: gdrom: initialize global variable at init time (git-fixes).\n\n - ceph: do not clobber i_snap_caps on non-I_NEW inode (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: fix inode leak on getattr error in __fh_to_dentry (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: fix up error handling with snapdirs (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: only check pool permissions for regular files (bsc#1186501).\n\n - cfg80211: scan: drop entry from hidden_list on overflow (git-fixes).\n\n - clk: socfpga: arria10: Fix memory leak of socfpga_clk on error return (git-fixes).\n\n - cpufreq: intel_pstate: Add Icelake servers support in no-HWP mode (bsc#1185758).\n\n - crypto: api - check for ERR pointers in crypto_destroy_tfm() (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: mips/poly1305 - enable for all MIPS processors (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - ADF_STATUS_PF_RUNNING should be set after adf_dev_init (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - Fix a double free in adf_create_ring (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - do not release uninitialized resources (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - fix error path in adf_isr_resource_alloc() (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - fix unmap invalid dma address (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: stm32/cryp - Fix PM reference leak on stm32-cryp.c (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: stm32/hash - Fix PM reference leak on stm32-hash.c (git-fixes).\n\n - cxgb4: Fix unintentional sign extension issues (git-fixes).\n\n - dm: avoid filesystem lookup in dm_get_dev_t() (git-fixes).\n\n - dmaengine: dw-edma: Fix crash on loading/unloading driver (git-fixes).\n\n - docs: kernel-parameters: Add gpio_mockup_named_lines (git-fixes).\n\n - docs: kernel-parameters: Move gpio-mockup for alphabetic order (git-fixes).\n\n - drivers: hv: Fix whitespace errors (bsc#1185725).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Fix UBSAN warning for not a valid value for type '_Bool' (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Fix two cursor duplication when using overlay (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Force vsync flip when reconfiguring MPCC (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Reject non-zero src_y and src_x for video planes (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: fix dml prefetch validation (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: fixed divide by zero kernel crash during dsc enablement (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu : Fix asic reset regression issue introduce by 8f211fe8ac7c4f (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: disable 3DCGCG on picasso/raven1 to avoid compute hang (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: fix NULL pointer dereference (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: mask the xgmi number of hops reported from psp to kfd (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdkfd: Fix cat debugfs hang_hws file causes system crash bug (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/i915: Avoid div-by-zero on gen2 (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/meson: fix shutdown crash when component not probed (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/msm/mdp5: Configure PP_SYNC_HEIGHT to double the vtotal (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/msm/mdp5: Do not multiply vclk line count by 100 (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon/dpm: Disable sclk switching on Oland when two 4K 60Hz monitors are connected (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon: Avoid power table parsing memory leaks (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon: Fix off-by-one power_state index heap overwrite (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/vkms: fix misuse of WARN_ON (git-fixes).\n\n - drm: Added orientation quirk for OneGX1 Pro (git-fixes).\n\n - ethernet:enic: Fix a use after free bug in enic_hard_start_xmit (git-fixes).\n\n - extcon: arizona: Fix some issues when HPDET IRQ fires after the jack has been unplugged (git-fixes).\n\n - extcon: arizona: Fix various races on driver unbind (git-fixes).\n\n - fbdev: zero-fill colormap in fbcmap.c (git-fixes).\n\n - firmware: arm_scpi: Prevent the ternary sign expansion bug (git-fixes).\n\n - fs/epoll: restore waking from ep_done_scan() (bsc#1183868).\n\n - ftrace: Handle commands when closing set_ftrace_filter file (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Change utime parameter to be 'const ... *' (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Do not apply time namespace adjustment on FUTEX_LOCK_PI (bsc#1164648).\n\n - futex: Get rid of the val2 conditional dance (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Make syscall entry points less convoluted (git-fixes).\n\n - genirq/irqdomain: Do not try to free an interrupt that has no (git-fixes)\n\n - genirq: Disable interrupts for force threaded handlers (git-fixes)\n\n - genirq: Reduce irqdebug cacheline bouncing (bsc#1185703 ltc#192641).\n\n - gpio: xilinx: Correct kernel doc for xgpio_probe() (git-fixes).\n\n - gpiolib: acpi: Add quirk to ignore EC wakeups on Dell Venue 10 Pro 5055 (git-fixes).\n\n - hrtimer: Update softirq_expires_next correctly after (git-fixes)\n\n - hwmon: (occ) Fix poll rate limiting (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: Add I2C_AQ_NO_REP_START adapter quirk (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: bail out early when RDWR parameters are wrong (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: i801: Do not generate an interrupt on bus reset (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: s3c2410: fix possible NULL pointer deref on read message after write (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: sh_mobile: Use new clock calculation formulas for RZ/G2E (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: Fix PHY type identifiers for 2.5G and 5G adapters (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: Fix use-after-free in i40e_client_subtask() (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: fix broken XDP support (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: fix the restart auto-negotiation after FEC modified (git-fixes).\n\n - ibmvfc: Avoid move login if fast fail is enabled (bsc#1185938 ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvfc: Handle move login failure (bsc#1185938 ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvfc: Reinit target retries (bsc#1185938 ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvnic: remove default label from to_string switch (bsc#1152457 ltc#174432 git-fixes).\n\n - ics932s401: fix broken handling of errors when word reading fails (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7124: Fix missbalanced regulator enable / disable on error (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7124: Fix potential overflow due to non sequential channel numbers (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7768-1: Fix too small buffer passed to iio_push_to_buffers_with_timestamp() (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7793: Add missing error code in ad7793_setup() (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: gyro: fxas21002c: balance runtime power in error path (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: gyro: mpu3050: Fix reported temperature value (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: proximity: pulsedlight: Fix rumtime PM imbalance on error (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: tsl2583: Fix division by a zero lux_val (git-fixes).\n\n - intel_th: Consistency and off-by-one fix (git-fixes).\n\n - iommu/amd: Add support for map/unmap_resource (jsc#ECO-3482).\n\n - ipc/mqueue, msg, sem: Avoid relying on a stack reference past its expiry (bsc#1185988).\n\n - ipmi/watchdog: Stop watchdog timer when the current action is 'none' (bsc#1184855).\n\n - kernel-docs.spec.in: Build using an utf-8 locale. Sphinx cannot handle UTF-8 input in non-UTF-8 locale.\n\n - leds: lp5523: check return value of lp5xx_read and jump to cleanup code (git-fixes).\n\n - lpfc: Decouple port_template and vport_template (bsc#185032).\n\n - mac80211: clear the beacon's CRC after channel switch (git-fixes).\n\n - md-cluster: fix use-after-free issue when removing rdev (bsc#1184082).\n\n - md/raid1: properly indicate failure when ending a failed write request (bsc#1185680).\n\n - md: do not flush workqueue unconditionally in md_open (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: factor out a mddev_find_locked helper from mddev_find (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: md_open returns -EBUSY when entering racing area (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: split mddev_find (bsc#1184081).\n\n - media: adv7604: fix possible use-after-free in adv76xx_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: drivers: media: pci: sta2x11: fix Kconfig dependency on GPIOLIB (git-fixes).\n\n - media: dvb-usb: fix memory leak in dvb_usb_adapter_init (git-fixes).\n\n - media: em28xx: fix memory leak (git-fixes).\n\n - media: gspca/sq905.c: fix uninitialized variable (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: adv7511-v4l2: fix possible use-after-free in adv7511_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: adv7842: fix possible use-after-free in adv7842_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: tda1997: Fix possible use-after-free in tda1997x_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: imx: capture: Return -EPIPE from\n __capture_legacy_try_fmt() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: ite-cir: check for receive overflow (git-fixes).\n\n - media: media/saa7164: fix saa7164_encoder_register() memory leak bugs (git-fixes).\n\n - media: platform: sti: Fix runtime PM imbalance in regs_show (git-fixes).\n\n - media: tc358743: fix possible use-after-free in tc358743_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - mfd: arizona: Fix rumtime PM imbalance on error (git-fixes).\n\n - misc/uss720: fix memory leak in uss720_probe (git-fixes).\n\n - mlxsw: spectrum_mr: Update egress RIF list before route's action (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: block: Update ext_csd.cache_ctrl if it was written (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: core: Do a power cycle when the CMD11 fails (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: core: Set read only for SD cards with permanent write protect bit (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci-gli: increase 1.8V regulator wait (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci: Add PCI IDs for Intel LKF (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci: Fix initialization of some SD cards for Intel BYT-based controllers (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci: Check for reset prior to DMA address unmap (git-fixes).\n\n - net, xdp: Update pkt_type if generic XDP changes unicast MAC (git-fixes).\n\n - net: enetc: fix link error again (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: Fix for geneve tx checksum bug (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: add check for HNS3_NIC_STATE_INITED in hns3_reset_notify_up_enet() (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: clear unnecessary reset request in hclge_reset_rebuild (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: disable phy loopback setting in hclge_mac_start_phy (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: fix for vxlan gpe tx checksum bug (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: fix incorrect configuration for igu_egu_hw_err (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: initialize the message content in hclge_get_link_mode() (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: use netif_tx_disable to stop the transmit queue (git-fixes).\n\n - net: thunderx: Fix unintentional sign extension issue (git-fixes).\n\n - net: usb: fix memory leak in smsc75xx_bind (git-fixes).\n\n - netdevice: Add missing IFF_PHONY_HEADROOM self-definition (git-fixes).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: add new sysctl to disable RST check (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: avoid misleading 'invalid' in log message (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: improve RST handling when tuple is re-used (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - nvme-core: add cancel tagset helpers (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme-fabrics: decode host pathing error for connect (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-fc: check sgl supported by target (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-fc: clear q_live at beginning of association teardown (bsc#1186479).\n\n - nvme-fc: return NVME_SC_HOST_ABORTED_CMD when a command has been aborted (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-fc: set NVME_REQ_CANCELLED in nvme_fc_terminate_exchange() (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-fc: short-circuit reconnect retries (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-multipath: fix double initialization of ANA state (bsc#1178612, bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-pci: Remove tag from process cq (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: Remove two-pass completions (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: Simplify nvme_poll_irqdisable (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: align io queue count with allocted nvme_queue in (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: avoid race between nvme_reap_pending_cqes() and nvme_poll() (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: dma read memory barrier for completions (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: fix 'slimmer CQ head update' (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: make sure write/poll_queues less or equal then cpu (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: remove last_sq_tail (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: remove volatile cqes (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: slimmer CQ head update (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: use simple suspend when a HMB is enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: Fix possible race of io_work and direct send (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: Fix warning with CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: add clean action for failed reconnection (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix kconfig dependency warning when !CRYPTO (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix misuse of __smp_processor_id with preemption (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix possible hang waiting for icresp response (bsc#1179519).\n\n - nvme-tcp: use cancel tagset helper for tear down (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme: Fix NULL dereference for pci nvme controllers (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: add NVME_REQ_CANCELLED flag in nvme_cancel_request() (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme: define constants for identification values (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: do not intialize hwmon for discovery controllers (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme: do not intialize hwmon for discovery controllers (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: document nvme controller states (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: explicitly update mpath disk capacity on revalidation (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: expose reconnect_delay and ctrl_loss_tmo via sysfs (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: fix controller instance leak (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: fix deadlock in disconnect during scan_work and/or ana_work (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: fix possible deadlock when I/O is blocked (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: remove superfluous else in nvme_ctrl_loss_tmo_store (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: retrigger ANA log update if group descriptor isn't found (git-fixes)\n\n - nvme: simplify error logic in nvme_validate_ns() (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvmet: fix a memory leak (git-fixes).\n\n - nvmet: seset ns->file when open fails (bsc#1183873).\n\n - nvmet: use new ana_log_size instead the old one (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nxp-i2c: restore includes for kABI (bsc#1185589).\n\n - nxp-nci: add NXP1002 id (bsc#1185589).\n\n - phy: phy-twl4030-usb: Fix possible use-after-free in twl4030_usb_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - pinctrl: ingenic: Improve unreachable code generation (git-fixes).\n\n - pinctrl: samsung: use 'int' for register masks in Exynos (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/mellanox: mlxbf-tmfifo: Fix a memory barrier issue (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/x86: intel_pmc_core: Do not use global pmcdev in quirks (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/x86: thinkpad_acpi: Correct thermal sensor allocation (git-fixes).\n\n - posix-timers: Preserve return value in clock_adjtime32() (git-fixes)\n\n - power: supply: Use IRQF_ONESHOT (git-fixes).\n\n - power: supply: generic-adc-battery: fix possible use-after-free in gab_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - power: supply: s3c_adc_battery: fix possible use-after-free in s3c_adc_bat_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - powerpc/64s: Fix crashes when toggling entry flush barrier (bsc#1177666 git-fixes).\n\n - powerpc/64s: Fix crashes when toggling stf barrier (bsc#1087082 git-fixes).\n\n - qtnfmac: Fix possible buffer overflow in qtnf_event_handle_external_auth (git-fixes).\n\n - rtc: pcf2127: handle timestamp interrupts (bsc#1185495).\n\n - s390/dasd: fix hanging DASD driver unbind (bsc#1183932 LTC#192153).\n\n - s390/entry: save the caller of psw_idle (bsc#1185677).\n\n - s390/kdump: fix out-of-memory with PCI (bsc#1182257 LTC#191375).\n\n - sched/eas: Do not update misfit status if the task is pinned (git-fixes)\n\n - sched/fair: Avoid stale CPU util_est value for schedutil in (git-fixes)\n\n - sched/fair: Fix unfairness caused by missing load decay (git-fixes)\n\n - scripts/git_sort/git_sort.py: add bpf git repo\n\n - scsi: core: Run queue in case of I/O resource contention failure (bsc#1186416).\n\n - scsi: fnic: Kill 'exclude_id' argument to fnic_cleanup_io() (bsc#1179851).\n\n - scsi: libfc: Avoid invoking response handler twice if ep is already completed (bsc#1186573).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Add a option to enable interlocked ABTS before job completion (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Add ndlp kref accounting for resume RPI path (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix 'Unexpected timeout' error in direct attach topology (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix Node recovery when driver is handling simultaneous PLOGIs (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix bad memory access during VPD DUMP mailbox command (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix crash when lpfc_sli4_hba_setup() fails to initialize the SGLs (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix node handling for Fabric Controller and Domain Controller (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix non-optimized ERSP handling (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix unreleased RPIs when NPIV ports are created (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Ignore GID-FT response that may be received after a link flip (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Reregister FPIN types if ELS_RDF is received from fabric controller (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Update lpfc version to 12.8.0.10 (bsc#1186451).\n\n - sctp: delay auto_asconf init until binding the first addr (<cover.1620748346.git.mkubecek@suse.cz>).\n\n - serial: core: fix suspicious security_locked_down() call (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: core: return early on unsupported ioctls (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: sh-sci: Fix off-by-one error in FIFO threshold register setting (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: stm32: fix incorrect characters on console (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: stm32: fix tx_empty condition (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: tegra: Fix a mask operation that is always true (git-fixes).\n\n - smc: disallow TCP_ULP in smc_setsockopt() (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: ath79: always call chipselect function (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: ath79: remove spi-master setup and cleanup assignment (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: dln2: Fix reference leak to master (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: omap-100k: Fix reference leak to master (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: qup: fix PM reference leak in spi_qup_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: spi-fsl-dspi: Fix a resource leak in an error handling path (git-fixes).\n\n - staging: emxx_udc: fix loop in _nbu2ss_nuke() (git-fixes).\n\n - staging: iio: cdc: ad7746: avoid overwrite of num_channels (git-fixes).\n\n - tcp: fix to update snd_wl1 in bulk receiver fast path (<cover.1620748346.git.mkubecek@suse.cz>).\n\n - thermal/drivers/ti-soc-thermal/bandgap Remove unused variable 'val' (git-fixes).\n\n - thunderbolt: dma_port: Fix NVM read buffer bounds and offset issue (git-fixes).\n\n - tracing: Map all PIDs to command lines (git-fixes).\n\n - tty: amiserial: fix TIOCSSERIAL permission check (git-fixes).\n\n - tty: fix memory leak in vc_deallocate (git-fixes).\n\n - tty: moxa: fix TIOCSSERIAL jiffies conversions (git-fixes).\n\n - tty: moxa: fix TIOCSSERIAL permission check (git-fixes).\n\n - uio: uio_hv_generic: use devm_kzalloc() for private data alloc (git-fixes).\n\n - uio_hv_generic: Fix a memory leak in error handling paths (git-fixes).\n\n - uio_hv_generic: Fix another memory leak in error handling paths (git-fixes).\n\n - uio_hv_generic: add missed sysfs_remove_bin_file (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: core: hub: Fix PM reference leak in usb_port_resume() (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: core: hub: fix race condition about TRSMRCY of resume (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: dwc2: Fix gadget DMA unmap direction (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: dwc3: gadget: Enable suspend events (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: dwc3: gadget: Return success always for kick transfer in ep queue (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: dwc3: omap: improve extcon initialization (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: dwc3: pci: Enable usb2-gadget-lpm-disable for Intel Merrifield (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: fotg210-hcd: Fix an error message (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget/function/f_fs string table fix for multiple languages (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget: dummy_hcd: fix gpf in gadget_setup (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget: f_uac1: validate input parameters (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget: f_uac2: validate input parameters (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget: udc: renesas_usb3: Fix a race in usb3_start_pipen() (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: gadget: uvc: add bInterval checking for HS mode (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: musb: fix PM reference leak in musb_irq_work() (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: sl811-hcd: improve misleading indentation (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: webcam: Invalid size of Processing Unit Descriptor (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: xhci: Fix port minor revision (git-fixes).\n\n - usb: xhci: Increase timeout for HC halt (git-fixes).\n\n - vgacon: Record video mode changes with VT_RESIZEX (git-fixes).\n\n - video: hyperv_fb: Add ratelimit on error message (bsc#1185725).\n\n - vrf: fix a comment about loopback device (git-fixes).\n\n - watchdog/softlockup: Remove obsolete check of last reported task (bsc#1185982).\n\n - watchdog/softlockup: report the overall time of softlockups (bsc#1185982).\n\n - watchdog: explicitly update timestamp when reporting softlockup (bsc#1185982).\n\n - watchdog: rename __touch_watchdog() to a better descriptive name (bsc#1185982).\n\n - whitespace cleanup\n\n - wl3501_cs: Fix out-of-bounds warnings in wl3501_mgmt_join (git-fixes).\n\n - wl3501_cs: Fix out-of-bounds warnings in wl3501_send_pkt (git-fixes).\n\n - workqueue: Minor follow-ups to the rescuer destruction change (bsc#1185911).\n\n - workqueue: more destroy_workqueue() fixes (bsc#1185911).\n\n - x86/cpu: Initialize MSR_TSC_AUX if RDTSCP *or* RDPID is supported (bsc#1152489).\n\n - xhci: Do not use GFP_KERNEL in (potentially) atomic context (git-fixes).\n\n - xhci: check control context is valid before dereferencing it (git-fixes).\n\n - xhci: fix potential array out of bounds with several interrupters (git-fixes).\n\n - xsk: Respect device's headroom and tailroom on generic xmit path (git-fixes).", "cvss3": {"score": 8.8, "vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"}, "published": "2021-06-07T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "openSUSE Security Update : the Linux Kernel (openSUSE-2021-843)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26147", "CVE-2021-23134", "CVE-2021-32399", "CVE-2021-33034", "CVE-2021-33200", "CVE-2021-3491"], "modified": "2021-06-15T00:00:00", "cpe": ["cpe:2.3:o:novell:opensuse:15.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-debug:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-source:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-syms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-base:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-debug-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-debug-debugsource:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-debug-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-debug-devel-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-debugsource:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-devel-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-source-vanilla:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-macros:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-obs-build:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-obs-build-debugsource:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-obs-qa:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-docs-html:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall-debugsource:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall-devel-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-default-base-rebuild:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-preempt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-preempt-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-preempt-debugsource:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-preempt-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:opensuse:kernel-preempt-devel-debuginfo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "id": "OPENSUSE-2021-843.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/150315", "sourceData": "#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300\n#\n# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.\n#\n# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were\n# extracted from openSUSE Security Update openSUSE-2021-843.\n#\n# The text description of this plugin is (C) SUSE LLC.\n#\n\ninclude('deprecated_nasl_level.inc');\ninclude(\"compat.inc\");\n\nif (description)\n{\n script_id(150315);\n script_version(\"1.3\");\n script_set_attribute(attribute:\"plugin_modification_date\", value:\"2021/06/15\");\n\n script_cve_id(\"CVE-2020-24586\", \"CVE-2020-24587\", \"CVE-2020-24588\", \"CVE-2020-26139\", \"CVE-2020-26141\", \"CVE-2020-26145\", \"CVE-2020-26147\", \"CVE-2021-23134\", \"CVE-2021-32399\", \"CVE-2021-33034\", \"CVE-2021-33200\", \"CVE-2021-3491\");\n\n script_name(english:\"openSUSE Security Update : the Linux Kernel (openSUSE-2021-843)\");\n script_summary(english:\"Check for the openSUSE-2021-843 patch\");\n\n script_set_attribute(\n attribute:\"synopsis\",\n value:\"The remote openSUSE host is missing a security update.\"\n );\n script_set_attribute(\n attribute:\"description\",\n value:\n\"The openSUSE Leap 15.2 kernel was updated to receive various security\nand bugfixes.\n\nThe following security bugs were fixed :\n\n - CVE-2021-33200: Enforcing incorrect limits for pointer\n arithmetic operations by the BPF verifier could be\n abused to perform out-of-bounds reads and writes in\n kernel memory (bsc#1186484).\n\n - CVE-2021-33034: Fixed a use-after-free when destroying\n an hci_chan. This could lead to writing an arbitrary\n values. (bsc#1186111)\n\n - CVE-2020-26139: Fixed a denial-of-service when an Access\n Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even\n though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated\n to the AP. (bnc#1186062)\n\n - CVE-2021-23134: A Use After Free vulnerability in nfc\n sockets allowed local attackers to elevate their\n privileges. (bnc#1186060)\n\n - CVE-2021-3491: Fixed a potential heap overflow in\n mem_rw(). This vulnerability is related to the\n PROVIDE_BUFFERS operation, which allowed the\n MAX_RW_COUNT limit to be bypassed (bsc#1185642).\n\n - CVE-2021-32399: Fixed a race condition when removing the\n HCI controller (bnc#1184611).\n\n - CVE-2020-24586: The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi\n Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired\n Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received\n fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to\n a network. Under the right circumstances this can be\n abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or\n exfiltrate user data (bnc#1185859).\n\n - CVE-2020-24587: The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi\n Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired\n Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all\n fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key.\n An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected\n fragments when another device sends fragmented frames\n and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is\n periodically renewed (bnc#1185859 bnc#1185862).\n\n - CVE-2020-24588: The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi\n Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired\n Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU\n flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU\n frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an\n adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network\n packets. (bnc#1185861)\n\n - CVE-2020-26147: The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3\n implementations reassemble fragments, even though some\n of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can\n be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected\n fragments when another device sends fragmented frames\n and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol\n is used (bnc#1185859).\n\n - CVE-2020-26145: An issue was discovered with Samsung\n Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and\n WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent)\n broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and\n process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary\n can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets\n independent of the network configuration. (bnc#1185860)\n\n - CVE-2020-26141: An issue was discovered in the ALFA\n driver for AWUS036H, where the Message Integrity Check\n (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames was not\n verified. An adversary can abuse this to inject and\n possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that\n support the TKIP data-confidentiality protocol.\n (bnc#1185987)\n\nThe following non-security bugs were fixed :\n\n - ACPI / hotplug / PCI: Fix reference count leak in\n enable_slot() (git-fixes).\n\n - ACPI: GTDT: Do not corrupt interrupt mappings on\n watchdow probe failure (git-fixes).\n\n - ACPI: custom_method: fix a possible memory leak\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ACPI: custom_method: fix potential use-after-free issue\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: bebob/oxfw: fix Kconfig entry for Mackie d.2 Pro\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: bebob: enable to deliver MIDI messages for\n multiple ports (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: dice: fix stream format at middle sampling rate\n for Alesis iO 26 (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: dice: fix stream format for TC Electronic Konnekt\n Live at high sampling transfer frequency (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: firewire-lib: fix calculation for size of IR\n context payload (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: firewire-lib: fix check for the size of\n isochronous packet payload (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/conexant: Re-order CX5066 quirk table entries\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: ALC285 Thinkpad jack pin quirk is\n unreachable (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: Add some CLOVE SSIDs of ALC293\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: Headphone volume is controlled by\n Front mixer (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda/realtek: reset eapd coeff to default value for\n alc287 (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda: fixup headset for ASUS GU502 laptop\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hda: generic: change the DAC ctl name for LO+SPK\n or LO+HP (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hdsp: do not disable if not enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: hdspm: do not disable if not enabled (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: intel8x0: Do not update period unless prepared\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: line6: Fix racy initialization of LINE6 MIDI\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: rme9652: do not disable if not enabled\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: Validate MS endpoint descriptors\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: fix control-request direction\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2: Fix device hang with\n ehci-pci (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2: Improve driver startup\n messages (git-fixes).\n\n - ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2:\n snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create() can be static\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ARM64: vdso32: Install vdso32 from vdso_install\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: Intel: bytcr_rt5640: Add quirk for the Chuwi Hi8\n tablet (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: Intel: bytcr_rt5640: Enable jack-detect support on\n Asus T100TAF (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: cs35l33: fix an error code in probe() (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: cs42l42: Regmap must use_single_read/write\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rsnd: call rsnd_ssi_master_clk_start() from\n rsnd_ssi_init() (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rsnd: core: Check convert rate in rsnd_hw_params\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rt286: Generalize support for ALC3263 codec\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ASoC: rt286: Make RT286_SET_GPIO_* readable and writable\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix handling LE modes by L2CAP_OPTIONS\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: SMP: Fail if remote and local public keys are\n identical (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: Set CONF_NOT_COMPLETE as l2cap_chan default\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: check for zapped sk before connecting\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Bluetooth: initialize skb_queue_head at\n l2cap_chan_create() (git-fixes).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Fix Suspend-to-Idle for Generation-2\n VM (git-fixes).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Increase wait time for VMbus unload\n (bsc#1185725).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Initialize unload_event statically\n (bsc#1185725).\n\n - Drivers: hv: vmbus: Use after free in __vmbus_open()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Input: elants_i2c - do not bind to i2c-hid compatible\n ACPI instantiated devices (git-fixes).\n\n - Input: silead - add workaround for x86 BIOS-es which\n bring the chip up in a stuck state (git-fixes).\n\n - KVM: s390: fix guarded storage control register handling\n (bsc#1133021).\n\n - Move upstreamed media fixes into sorted section\n\n - NFC: nci: fix memory leak in nci_allocate_device\n (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI/RCEC: Fix RCiEP device to RCEC association\n (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: Allow VPD access for QLogic ISP2722 (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: PM: Do not read power state in\n pci_enable_device_flags() (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: Release OF node in pci_scan_device()'s error path\n (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: endpoint: Fix missing destroy_workqueue()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: iproc: Fix return value of\n iproc_msi_irq_domain_alloc() (git-fixes).\n\n - PCI: thunder: Fix compile testing (git-fixes).\n\n - PM / devfreq: Use more accurate returned new_freq as\n resume_freq (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/addr: create addr_wq with WQ_MEM_RECLAIM flag\n (bsc#1183346).\n\n - RDMA/core: create ib_cm with WQ_MEM_RECLAIM flag\n (bsc#1183346).\n\n - RDMA/hns: Delete redundant abnormal interrupt status\n (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/hns: Delete redundant condition judgment related to\n eq (git-fixes).\n\n - RDMA/qedr: Fix error return code in qedr_iw_connect()\n (jsc#SLE-8215).\n\n - RDMA/srpt: Fix error return code in srpt_cm_req_recv()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'arm64: vdso: Fix compilation with clang older\n than 8' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'gdrom: fix a memory leak bug' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'i3c master: fix missing destroy_workqueue() on\n error in i3c_master_register' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 'leds: lp5523: fix a missing check of return\n value of lp55xx_read' (git-fixes).\n\n - Revert 337f13046ff0 ('futex: Allow FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME\n with FUTEX_WAIT op') (git-fixes).\n\n - SUNRPC in case of backlog, hand free slots directly to\n waiting task (bsc#1185428).\n\n - SUNRPC: More fixes for backlog congestion (bsc#1185428).\n\n - USB: Add LPM quirk for Lenovo ThinkPad USB-C Dock Gen2\n Ethernet (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: Add reset-resume quirk for WD19's Realtek Hub\n (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: serial: pl2303: add support for PL2303HXN\n (bsc#1186320).\n\n - USB: serial: pl2303: fix line-speed handling on newer\n chips (bsc#1186320).\n\n - USB: serial: ti_usb_3410_5052: fix TIOCSSERIAL\n permission check (git-fixes).\n\n - USB: trancevibrator: fix control-request direction\n (git-fixes).\n\n - amdgpu: avoid incorrect %hu format string (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64/mm: Fix pfn_valid() for ZONE_DEVICE based memory\n (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: Add missing ISB after invalidating TLB in\n __primary_switch (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: avoid -Woverride-init warning (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kasan: fix page_alloc tagging with DEBUG_VIRTUAL\n (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kdump: update ppos when reading elfcorehdr\n (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: kexec_file: fix memory leakage in create_dtb()\n when fdt_open_into() fails (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: link with -z norelro for LLD or aarch64-elf\n (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: link with -z norelro regardless of\n CONFIG_RELOCATABLE (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: ptrace: Fix seccomp of traced syscall -1\n (NO_SYSCALL) (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: ptrace: Use NO_SYSCALL instead of -1 in\n syscall_trace_enter() (git-fixes).\n\n - arm64: vdso32: make vdso32 install conditional\n (git-fixes).\n\n - arm: mm: use __pfn_to_section() to get mem_section\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ata: ahci: Disable SXS for Hisilicon Kunpeng920\n (git-fixes).\n\n - blk-iocost: ioc_pd_free() shouldn't assume irq disabled\n (git-fixes).\n\n - blk-mq: Swap two calls in blk_mq_exit_queue()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - block/genhd: use atomic_t for disk_event->block\n (bsc#1185497).\n\n - block: Fix three kernel-doc warnings (git-fixes).\n\n - block: fix get_max_io_size() (git-fixes).\n\n - bnxt_en: Fix RX consumer index logic in the error path\n (git-fixes).\n\n - bnxt_en: fix ternary sign extension bug in\n bnxt_show_temp() (git-fixes).\n\n - bpf: Fix leakage of uninitialized bpf stack under\n speculation (bsc#1155518).\n\n - bpf: Fix masking negation logic upon negative dst\n register (bsc#1155518).\n\n - btrfs: fix race between transaction aborts and fsyncs\n leading to use-after-free (bsc#1186441).\n\n - btrfs: fix race when picking most recent mod log\n operation for an old root (bsc#1186439).\n\n - cdc-wdm: untangle a circular dependency between callback\n and softint (git-fixes).\n\n - cdrom: gdrom: deallocate struct gdrom_unit fields in\n remove_gdrom (git-fixes).\n\n - cdrom: gdrom: initialize global variable at init time\n (git-fixes).\n\n - ceph: do not clobber i_snap_caps on non-I_NEW inode\n (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: fix inode leak on getattr error in __fh_to_dentry\n (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: fix up error handling with snapdirs (bsc#1186501).\n\n - ceph: only check pool permissions for regular files\n (bsc#1186501).\n\n - cfg80211: scan: drop entry from hidden_list on overflow\n (git-fixes).\n\n - clk: socfpga: arria10: Fix memory leak of socfpga_clk on\n error return (git-fixes).\n\n - cpufreq: intel_pstate: Add Icelake servers support in\n no-HWP mode (bsc#1185758).\n\n - crypto: api - check for ERR pointers in\n crypto_destroy_tfm() (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: mips/poly1305 - enable for all MIPS processors\n (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - ADF_STATUS_PF_RUNNING should be set after\n adf_dev_init (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - Fix a double free in adf_create_ring\n (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - do not release uninitialized resources\n (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - fix error path in adf_isr_resource_alloc()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: qat - fix unmap invalid dma address (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: stm32/cryp - Fix PM reference leak on\n stm32-cryp.c (git-fixes).\n\n - crypto: stm32/hash - Fix PM reference leak on\n stm32-hash.c (git-fixes).\n\n - cxgb4: Fix unintentional sign extension issues\n (git-fixes).\n\n - dm: avoid filesystem lookup in dm_get_dev_t()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - dmaengine: dw-edma: Fix crash on loading/unloading\n driver (git-fixes).\n\n - docs: kernel-parameters: Add gpio_mockup_named_lines\n (git-fixes).\n\n - docs: kernel-parameters: Move gpio-mockup for alphabetic\n order (git-fixes).\n\n - drivers: hv: Fix whitespace errors (bsc#1185725).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Fix UBSAN warning for not a valid value\n for type '_Bool' (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Fix two cursor duplication when using\n overlay (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Force vsync flip when reconfiguring\n MPCC (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: Reject non-zero src_y and src_x for\n video planes (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: fix dml prefetch validation\n (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amd/display: fixed divide by zero kernel crash\n during dsc enablement (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu : Fix asic reset regression issue introduce\n by 8f211fe8ac7c4f (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: disable 3DCGCG on picasso/raven1 to avoid\n compute hang (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: fix NULL pointer dereference (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdgpu: mask the xgmi number of hops reported from\n psp to kfd (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/amdkfd: Fix cat debugfs hang_hws file causes system\n crash bug (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/i915: Avoid div-by-zero on gen2 (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/meson: fix shutdown crash when component not probed\n (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/msm/mdp5: Configure PP_SYNC_HEIGHT to double the\n vtotal (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/msm/mdp5: Do not multiply vclk line count by 100\n (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon/dpm: Disable sclk switching on Oland when two\n 4K 60Hz monitors are connected (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon: Avoid power table parsing memory leaks\n (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/radeon: Fix off-by-one power_state index heap\n overwrite (git-fixes).\n\n - drm/vkms: fix misuse of WARN_ON (git-fixes).\n\n - drm: Added orientation quirk for OneGX1 Pro (git-fixes).\n\n - ethernet:enic: Fix a use after free bug in\n enic_hard_start_xmit (git-fixes).\n\n - extcon: arizona: Fix some issues when HPDET IRQ fires\n after the jack has been unplugged (git-fixes).\n\n - extcon: arizona: Fix various races on driver unbind\n (git-fixes).\n\n - fbdev: zero-fill colormap in fbcmap.c (git-fixes).\n\n - firmware: arm_scpi: Prevent the ternary sign expansion\n bug (git-fixes).\n\n - fs/epoll: restore waking from ep_done_scan()\n (bsc#1183868).\n\n - ftrace: Handle commands when closing set_ftrace_filter\n file (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Change utime parameter to be 'const ... *'\n (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Do not apply time namespace adjustment on\n FUTEX_LOCK_PI (bsc#1164648).\n\n - futex: Get rid of the val2 conditional dance\n (git-fixes).\n\n - futex: Make syscall entry points less convoluted\n (git-fixes).\n\n - genirq/irqdomain: Do not try to free an interrupt that\n has no (git-fixes)\n\n - genirq: Disable interrupts for force threaded handlers\n (git-fixes)\n\n - genirq: Reduce irqdebug cacheline bouncing (bsc#1185703\n ltc#192641).\n\n - gpio: xilinx: Correct kernel doc for xgpio_probe()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - gpiolib: acpi: Add quirk to ignore EC wakeups on Dell\n Venue 10 Pro 5055 (git-fixes).\n\n - hrtimer: Update softirq_expires_next correctly after\n (git-fixes)\n\n - hwmon: (occ) Fix poll rate limiting (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: Add I2C_AQ_NO_REP_START adapter quirk (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: bail out early when RDWR parameters are wrong\n (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: i801: Do not generate an interrupt on bus reset\n (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: s3c2410: fix possible NULL pointer deref on read\n message after write (git-fixes).\n\n - i2c: sh_mobile: Use new clock calculation formulas for\n RZ/G2E (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: Fix PHY type identifiers for 2.5G and 5G adapters\n (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: Fix use-after-free in i40e_client_subtask()\n (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: fix broken XDP support (git-fixes).\n\n - i40e: fix the restart auto-negotiation after FEC\n modified (git-fixes).\n\n - ibmvfc: Avoid move login if fast fail is enabled\n (bsc#1185938 ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvfc: Handle move login failure (bsc#1185938\n ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvfc: Reinit target retries (bsc#1185938 ltc#192043).\n\n - ibmvnic: remove default label from to_string switch\n (bsc#1152457 ltc#174432 git-fixes).\n\n - ics932s401: fix broken handling of errors when word\n reading fails (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7124: Fix missbalanced regulator enable /\n disable on error (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7124: Fix potential overflow due to non\n sequential channel numbers (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7768-1: Fix too small buffer passed to\n iio_push_to_buffers_with_timestamp() (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: adc: ad7793: Add missing error code in\n ad7793_setup() (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: gyro: fxas21002c: balance runtime power in error\n path (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: gyro: mpu3050: Fix reported temperature value\n (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: proximity: pulsedlight: Fix rumtime PM imbalance on\n error (git-fixes).\n\n - iio: tsl2583: Fix division by a zero lux_val\n (git-fixes).\n\n - intel_th: Consistency and off-by-one fix (git-fixes).\n\n - iommu/amd: Add support for map/unmap_resource\n (jsc#ECO-3482).\n\n - ipc/mqueue, msg, sem: Avoid relying on a stack reference\n past its expiry (bsc#1185988).\n\n - ipmi/watchdog: Stop watchdog timer when the current\n action is 'none' (bsc#1184855).\n\n - kernel-docs.spec.in: Build using an utf-8 locale. Sphinx\n cannot handle UTF-8 input in non-UTF-8 locale.\n\n - leds: lp5523: check return value of lp5xx_read and jump\n to cleanup code (git-fixes).\n\n - lpfc: Decouple port_template and vport_template\n (bsc#185032).\n\n - mac80211: clear the beacon's CRC after channel switch\n (git-fixes).\n\n - md-cluster: fix use-after-free issue when removing rdev\n (bsc#1184082).\n\n - md/raid1: properly indicate failure when ending a failed\n write request (bsc#1185680).\n\n - md: do not flush workqueue unconditionally in md_open\n (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: factor out a mddev_find_locked helper from\n mddev_find (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: md_open returns -EBUSY when entering racing area\n (bsc#1184081).\n\n - md: split mddev_find (bsc#1184081).\n\n - media: adv7604: fix possible use-after-free in\n adv76xx_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: drivers: media: pci: sta2x11: fix Kconfig\n dependency on GPIOLIB (git-fixes).\n\n - media: dvb-usb: fix memory leak in dvb_usb_adapter_init\n (git-fixes).\n\n - media: em28xx: fix memory leak (git-fixes).\n\n - media: gspca/sq905.c: fix uninitialized variable\n (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: adv7511-v4l2: fix possible use-after-free in\n adv7511_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: adv7842: fix possible use-after-free in\n adv7842_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: i2c: tda1997: Fix possible use-after-free in\n tda1997x_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: imx: capture: Return -EPIPE from\n __capture_legacy_try_fmt() (git-fixes).\n\n - media: ite-cir: check for receive overflow (git-fixes).\n\n - media: media/saa7164: fix saa7164_encoder_register()\n memory leak bugs (git-fixes).\n\n - media: platform: sti: Fix runtime PM imbalance in\n regs_show (git-fixes).\n\n - media: tc358743: fix possible use-after-free in\n tc358743_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - mfd: arizona: Fix rumtime PM imbalance on error\n (git-fixes).\n\n - misc/uss720: fix memory leak in uss720_probe\n (git-fixes).\n\n - mlxsw: spectrum_mr: Update egress RIF list before\n route's action (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: block: Update ext_csd.cache_ctrl if it was written\n (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: core: Do a power cycle when the CMD11 fails\n (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: core: Set read only for SD cards with permanent\n write protect bit (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci-gli: increase 1.8V regulator wait\n (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci: Add PCI IDs for Intel LKF (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci-pci: Fix initialization of some SD cards for\n Intel BYT-based controllers (git-fixes).\n\n - mmc: sdhci: Check for reset prior to DMA address unmap\n (git-fixes).\n\n - net, xdp: Update pkt_type if generic XDP changes unicast\n MAC (git-fixes).\n\n - net: enetc: fix link error again (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: Fix for geneve tx checksum bug (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: add check for HNS3_NIC_STATE_INITED in\n hns3_reset_notify_up_enet() (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: clear unnecessary reset request in\n hclge_reset_rebuild (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: disable phy loopback setting in\n hclge_mac_start_phy (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: fix for vxlan gpe tx checksum bug\n (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: fix incorrect configuration for\n igu_egu_hw_err (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: initialize the message content in\n hclge_get_link_mode() (git-fixes).\n\n - net: hns3: use netif_tx_disable to stop the transmit\n queue (git-fixes).\n\n - net: thunderx: Fix unintentional sign extension issue\n (git-fixes).\n\n - net: usb: fix memory leak in smsc75xx_bind (git-fixes).\n\n - netdevice: Add missing IFF_PHONY_HEADROOM\n self-definition (git-fixes).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: add new sysctl to disable RST\n check (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: avoid misleading 'invalid' in log\n message (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - netfilter: conntrack: improve RST handling when tuple is\n re-used (bsc#1183947 bsc#1185950).\n\n - nvme-core: add cancel tagset helpers (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme-fabrics: decode host pathing error for connect\n (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-fc: check sgl supported by target (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-fc: clear q_live at beginning of association\n teardown (bsc#1186479).\n\n - nvme-fc: return NVME_SC_HOST_ABORTED_CMD when a command\n has been aborted (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-fc: set NVME_REQ_CANCELLED in\n nvme_fc_terminate_exchange() (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-fc: short-circuit reconnect retries (bsc#1179827).\n\n - nvme-multipath: fix double initialization of ANA state\n (bsc#1178612, bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme-pci: Remove tag from process cq (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: Remove two-pass completions (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: Simplify nvme_poll_irqdisable (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: align io queue count with allocted nvme_queue\n in (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: avoid race between nvme_reap_pending_cqes()\n and nvme_poll() (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: dma read memory barrier for completions\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: fix 'slimmer CQ head update' (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: make sure write/poll_queues less or equal then\n cpu (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: remove last_sq_tail (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: remove volatile cqes (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: slimmer CQ head update (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-pci: use simple suspend when a HMB is enabled\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: Fix possible race of io_work and direct send\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: Fix warning with CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: add clean action for failed reconnection\n (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix kconfig dependency warning when !CRYPTO\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix misuse of __smp_processor_id with\n preemption (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme-tcp: fix possible hang waiting for icresp response\n (bsc#1179519).\n\n - nvme-tcp: use cancel tagset helper for tear down\n (bsc#1183976).\n\n - nvme: Fix NULL dereference for pci nvme controllers\n (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: add NVME_REQ_CANCELLED flag in\n nvme_cancel_request() (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme: define constants for identification values\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: do not intialize hwmon for discovery controllers\n (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvme: do not intialize hwmon for discovery controllers\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: document nvme controller states (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: explicitly update mpath disk capacity on\n revalidation (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: expose reconnect_delay and ctrl_loss_tmo via sysfs\n (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: fix controller instance leak (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: fix deadlock in disconnect during scan_work and/or\n ana_work (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: fix possible deadlock when I/O is blocked\n (git-fixes).\n\n - nvme: remove superfluous else in\n nvme_ctrl_loss_tmo_store (bsc#1182378).\n\n - nvme: retrigger ANA log update if group descriptor isn't\n found (git-fixes)\n\n - nvme: simplify error logic in nvme_validate_ns()\n (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nvmet: fix a memory leak (git-fixes).\n\n - nvmet: seset ns->file when open fails (bsc#1183873).\n\n - nvmet: use new ana_log_size instead the old one\n (bsc#1184259).\n\n - nxp-i2c: restore includes for kABI (bsc#1185589).\n\n - nxp-nci: add NXP1002 id (bsc#1185589).\n\n - phy: phy-twl4030-usb: Fix possible use-after-free in\n twl4030_usb_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - pinctrl: ingenic: Improve unreachable code generation\n (git-fixes).\n\n - pinctrl: samsung: use 'int' for register masks in Exynos\n (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/mellanox: mlxbf-tmfifo: Fix a memory barrier\n issue (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/x86: intel_pmc_core: Do not use global pmcdev\n in quirks (git-fixes).\n\n - platform/x86: thinkpad_acpi: Correct thermal sensor\n allocation (git-fixes).\n\n - posix-timers: Preserve return value in clock_adjtime32()\n (git-fixes)\n\n - power: supply: Use IRQF_ONESHOT (git-fixes).\n\n - power: supply: generic-adc-battery: fix possible\n use-after-free in gab_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - power: supply: s3c_adc_battery: fix possible\n use-after-free in s3c_adc_bat_remove() (git-fixes).\n\n - powerpc/64s: Fix crashes when toggling entry flush\n barrier (bsc#1177666 git-fixes).\n\n - powerpc/64s: Fix crashes when toggling stf barrier\n (bsc#1087082 git-fixes).\n\n - qtnfmac: Fix possible buffer overflow in\n qtnf_event_handle_external_auth (git-fixes).\n\n - rtc: pcf2127: handle timestamp interrupts (bsc#1185495).\n\n - s390/dasd: fix hanging DASD driver unbind (bsc#1183932\n LTC#192153).\n\n - s390/entry: save the caller of psw_idle (bsc#1185677).\n\n - s390/kdump: fix out-of-memory with PCI (bsc#1182257\n LTC#191375).\n\n - sched/eas: Do not update misfit status if the task is\n pinned (git-fixes)\n\n - sched/fair: Avoid stale CPU util_est value for schedutil\n in (git-fixes)\n\n - sched/fair: Fix unfairness caused by missing load decay\n (git-fixes)\n\n - scripts/git_sort/git_sort.py: add bpf git repo\n\n - scsi: core: Run queue in case of I/O resource contention\n failure (bsc#1186416).\n\n - scsi: fnic: Kill 'exclude_id' argument to\n fnic_cleanup_io() (bsc#1179851).\n\n - scsi: libfc: Avoid invoking response handler twice if ep\n is already completed (bsc#1186573).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Add a option to enable interlocked ABTS\n before job completion (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Add ndlp kref accounting for resume RPI path\n (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix 'Unexpected timeout' error in direct\n attach topology (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix Node recovery when driver is handling\n simultaneous PLOGIs (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix bad memory access during VPD DUMP\n mailbox command (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix crash when lpfc_sli4_hba_setup() fails\n to initialize the SGLs (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix node handling for Fabric Controller and\n Domain Controller (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix non-optimized ERSP handling\n (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Fix unreleased RPIs when NPIV ports are\n created (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Ignore GID-FT response that may be received\n after a link flip (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Reregister FPIN types if ELS_RDF is received\n from fabric controller (bsc#1186451).\n\n - scsi: lpfc: Update lpfc version to 12.8.0.10\n (bsc#1186451).\n\n - sctp: delay auto_asconf init until binding the first\n addr (<cover.1620748346.git.mkubecek@suse.cz>).\n\n - serial: core: fix suspicious security_locked_down() call\n (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: core: return early on unsupported ioctls\n (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: sh-sci: Fix off-by-one error in FIFO threshold\n register setting (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: stm32: fix incorrect characters on console\n (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: stm32: fix tx_empty condition (git-fixes).\n\n - serial: tegra: Fix a mask operation that is always true\n (git-fixes).\n\n - smc: disallow TCP_ULP in smc_setsockopt() (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: ath79: always call chipselect function (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: ath79: remove spi-master setup and cleanup\n assignment (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: dln2: Fix reference leak to master (git-fixes).\n\n - spi: omap-100k: Fix 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. (CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. (CVE-2021-33034)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.7 enforces incorrect limits for pointer arithmetic operations, aka CID-bb01a1bba579. This can be abused to perform out-of-bounds reads and writes in kernel memory, leading to local privilege escalation to root. 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. 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has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2021:1890-1 advisory.\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. 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In particular, there is a corner case where the off reg causes a masking direction change, which then results in an incorrect final aux->alu_limit.\n (CVE-2021-33200)\n\n - The io_uring subsystem in the Linux kernel allowed the MAX_RW_COUNT limit to be bypassed in the PROVIDE_BUFFERS operation, which led to negative values being usedin mem_rw when reading /proc//mem.\n This could be used to create a heap overflow leading to arbitrary code execution in the kernel. It was addressed via commit d1f82808877b (io_uring: truncate lengths larger than MAX_RW_COUNT on provide buffers) (v5.13-rc1) and backported to the stable kernels in v5.12.4, v5.11.21, and v5.10.37. It was introduced in ddf0322db79c (io_uring: add IORING_OP_PROVIDE_BUFFERS) (v5.7-rc1). 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Access to these package security updates require\\n' +\n 'a paid SUSE LTSS subscription.\\n';\n security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : rpm_report_get() + ltss_plugin_caveat\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'cluster-md-kmp-default / dlm-kmp-default / gfs2-kmp-default / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-12T14:54:21", "description": "The remote SUSE Linux SLED12 / SLES12 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2021:1913-1 advisory.\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. (CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. (CVE-2021-33034)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.7 enforces incorrect limits for pointer arithmetic operations, aka CID-bb01a1bba579. This can be abused to perform out-of-bounds reads and writes in kernel memory, leading to local privilege escalation to root. 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{'reference':'kernel-devel-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'SLES_SAP-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-macros-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'SLES_SAP-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-source-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'SLES_SAP-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-syms-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'SLES_SAP-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'cluster-md-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'3', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'cluster-md-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'4', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'cluster-md-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'dlm-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'3', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'dlm-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'4', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'dlm-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'gfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'3', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'gfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'4', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'gfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'ocfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'3', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'ocfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'4', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'ocfs2-kmp-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-ha-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-kgraft-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-live-patching-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-kgraft-devel-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-live-patching-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kgraft-patch-4_12_14-122_74-default-1-8.3', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-live-patching-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-obs-build-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLED12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-sdk-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-obs-build-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-sdk-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-extra-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'SLED12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-we-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-extra-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'cpu':'x86_64', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sle-we-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-base-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-devel-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-default-man-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'cpu':'s390x', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-devel-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-macros-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-source-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'},\n {'reference':'kernel-syms-4.12.14-122.74', 'sp':'5', 'release':'SLES12', 'rpm_spec_vers_cmp':TRUE, 'exists_check':'sles-release-12.5'}\n];\n\nvar ltss_caveat_required = FALSE;\nvar flag = 0;\nforeach package_array ( pkgs ) {\n var reference = NULL;\n var release = NULL;\n var sp = NULL;\n var cpu = NULL;\n var exists_check = NULL;\n var rpm_spec_vers_cmp = NULL;\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['reference'])) reference = package_array['reference'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['release'])) release = package_array['release'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['sp'])) sp = package_array['sp'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['cpu'])) cpu = package_array['cpu'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['exists_check'])) exists_check = package_array['exists_check'];\n if (!empty_or_null(package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'])) rpm_spec_vers_cmp = package_array['rpm_spec_vers_cmp'];\n if (reference && release) {\n if (exists_check) {\n if (!rpm_exists(release:release, rpm:exists_check)) continue;\n if ('ltss' >< tolower(exists_check)) ltss_caveat_required = TRUE;\n }\n if (rpm_check(release:release, sp:sp, cpu:cpu, reference:reference, rpm_spec_vers_cmp:rpm_spec_vers_cmp)) flag++;\n }\n}\n\nif (flag)\n{\n security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : rpm_report_get()\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'cluster-md-kmp-default / dlm-kmp-default / gfs2-kmp-default / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-12T14:55:40", "description": "The remote SUSE Linux SLES12 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2021:1899-1 advisory.\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. (CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. (CVE-2021-33034)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.7 enforces incorrect limits for pointer arithmetic operations, aka CID-bb01a1bba579. This can be abused to perform out-of-bounds reads and writes in kernel memory, leading to local privilege escalation to root. In particular, there is a corner case where the off reg causes a masking direction change, which then results in an incorrect final aux->alu_limit.\n (CVE-2021-33200)\n\n - The io_uring subsystem in the Linux kernel allowed the MAX_RW_COUNT limit to be bypassed in the PROVIDE_BUFFERS operation, which led to negative values being usedin mem_rw when reading /proc//mem.\n This could be used to create a heap overflow leading to arbitrary code execution in the kernel. It was addressed via commit d1f82808877b (io_uring: truncate lengths larger than MAX_RW_COUNT on provide buffers) (v5.13-rc1) and backported to the stable kernels in v5.12.4, v5.11.21, and v5.10.37. It was introduced in ddf0322db79c (io_uring: add IORING_OP_PROVIDE_BUFFERS) (v5.7-rc1). (CVE-2021-3491)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {"score": 8.8, "vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"}, "published": "2021-06-10T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "SUSE SLES12 Security Update : kernel (SUSE-SU-2021:1899-1)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26147", "CVE-2021-23133", "CVE-2021-23134", "CVE-2021-32399", "CVE-2021-33034", "CVE-2021-33200", "CVE-2021-3491"], "modified": "2022-01-21T00:00:00", "cpe": ["cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux:12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:cluster-md-kmp-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:dlm-kmp-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:gfs2-kmp-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-rt-base:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-rt-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-rt_debug:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-rt_debug-devel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-syms-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:ocfs2-kmp-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-devel-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "p-cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux:kernel-source-rt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "id": "SUSE_SU-2021-1899-1.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/150687", "sourceData": "#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300\n##\n# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.\n#\n# The package checks in this plugin were extracted from\n# SUSE update advisory SUSE-SU-2021:1899-1. 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Access to these package security updates require\\n' +\n 'a paid SUSE LTSS subscription.\\n';\n security_report_v4(\n port : 0,\n severity : SECURITY_HOLE,\n extra : rpm_report_get() + ltss_plugin_caveat\n );\n exit(0);\n}\nelse\n{\n var tested = pkg_tests_get();\n if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);\n else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, 'cluster-md-kmp-default / dlm-kmp-default / gfs2-kmp-default / etc');\n}\n", "cvss": {"score": 7.2, "vector": "CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-04-12T21:15:05", "description": "The remote Ubuntu 20.04 LTS host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-5000-2 advisory.\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in fs/f2fs/node.c in the f2fs module in the Linux kernel in versions before 5.12.0-rc4. A bounds check failure allows a local attacker to gain access to out-of-bounds memory leading to a system crash or a leak of internal kernel information. 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(CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.1 performs undesirable speculative loads, leading to disclosure of stack content via side-channel attacks, aka CID-801c6058d14a. The specific concern is not protecting the BPF stack area against speculative loads. Also, the BPF stack can contain uninitialized data that might represent sensitive information previously operated on by the kernel. (CVE-2021-31829)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. (CVE-2021-33034)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.7 enforces incorrect limits for pointer arithmetic operations, aka CID-bb01a1bba579. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary\n can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an\n adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in fs/f2fs/node.c in the f2fs module in the Linux kernel in versions before 5.12.0-rc4. A bounds check failure allows a local attacker to gain access to out-of-bounds memory leading to a system crash or a leak of internal kernel information. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability. (CVE-2021-3506)\n\n - A flaw null pointer dereference in the Nitro Enclaves kernel driver was found in the way that Enclaves VMs forces closures on the enclave file descriptor. A local user of a host machine could use this flaw to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. (CVE-2021-3543)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. (CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Linux Kernel 5.11.15. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of eBPF programs. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied eBPF programs prior to executing them.\n An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-13661. (CVE-2021-31440)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. 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The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in fs/f2fs/node.c in the f2fs module in the Linux kernel in versions before 5.12.0-rc4. A bounds check failure allows a local attacker to gain access to out-of-bounds memory leading to a system crash or a leak of internal kernel information. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability. (CVE-2021-3506)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. 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(CVE-2017-18216)\n\n - In pppol2tp_connect, there is possible memory corruption due to a use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android kernel. Android ID: A-38159931. (CVE-2018-9517)\n\n - Linux kernel CIFS implementation, version 4.9.0 is vulnerable to a relative paths injection in directory entry lists. (CVE-2019-10220)\n\n - Two memory leaks in the rtl_usb_probe() function in drivers/net/wireless/realtek/rtlwifi/usb.c in the Linux kernel through 5.3.11 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption), aka CID-3f9361695113. (CVE-2019-19063)\n\n - A memory leak in the bfad_im_get_stats() function in drivers/scsi/bfa/bfad_attr.c in the Linux kernel through 5.3.11 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) by triggering bfa_port_get_stats() failures, aka CID-0e62395da2bd. 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(CVE-2019-3901)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.6.11. btree_gc_coalesce in drivers/md/bcache/btree.c has a deadlock if a coalescing operation fails. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data- confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP, CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in fs/f2fs/node.c in the f2fs module in the Linux kernel in versions before 5.12.0-rc4. A bounds check failure allows a local attacker to gain access to out-of-bounds memory leading to a system crash or a leak of internal kernel information. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability. (CVE-2021-3506)\n\n - A flaw null pointer dereference in the Nitro Enclaves kernel driver was found in the way that Enclaves VMs forces closures on the enclave file descriptor. A local user of a host machine could use this flaw to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. (CVE-2021-3543)\n\n - A race condition in Linux kernel SCTP sockets (net/sctp/socket.c) before 5.12-rc8 can lead to kernel privilege escalation from the context of a network service or an unprivileged process. If sctp_destroy_sock is called without sock_net(sk)->sctp.addr_wq_lock then an element is removed from the auto_asconf_splist list without any proper locking. This can be exploited by an attacker with network service privileges to escalate to root or from the context of an unprivileged user directly if a BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE is attached which denies creation of some SCTP socket. (CVE-2021-23133)\n\n - Use After Free vulnerability in nfc sockets in the Linux Kernel before 5.12.4 allows local attackers to elevate their privileges. In typical configurations, the issue can only be triggered by a privileged local user with the CAP_NET_RAW capability. (CVE-2021-23134)\n\n - This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Linux Kernel 5.11.15. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of eBPF programs. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied eBPF programs prior to executing them.\n An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-13661. (CVE-2021-31440)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.1 performs undesirable speculative loads, leading to disclosure of stack content via side-channel attacks, aka CID-801c6058d14a. The specific concern is not protecting the BPF stack area against speculative loads. Also, the BPF stack can contain uninitialized data that might represent sensitive information previously operated on by the kernel. (CVE-2021-31829)\n\n - net/bluetooth/hci_request.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.2 has a race condition for removal of the HCI controller. (CVE-2021-32399)\n\n - In the Linux kernel before 5.12.4, net/bluetooth/hci_event.c has a use-after-free when destroying an hci_chan, aka CID-5c4c8c954409. This leads to writing an arbitrary value. (CVE-2021-33034)\n\n - kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel through 5.12.7 enforces incorrect limits for pointer arithmetic operations, aka CID-bb01a1bba579. 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In particular, there is a corner case where the off reg causes a masking direction change, which then results in an incorrect final aux->alu_limit.\n (CVE-2021-33200)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {"score": 7.8, "vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}, "published": "2021-06-23T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "Ubuntu 21.04 : Linux kernel vulnerabilities (USN-4997-1)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24586", "CVE-2020-24587", "CVE-2020-24588", "CVE-2020-26139", "CVE-2020-26141", "CVE-2020-26145", "CVE-2020-26147", "CVE-2021-23133", "CVE-2021-23134", "CVE-2021-31440", "CVE-2021-31829", "CVE-2021-32399", "CVE-2021-33034", "CVE-2021-33200", "CVE-2021-3506", "CVE-2021-3543", "CVE-2021-3609"], "modified": "2022-05-09T00:00:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:21.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1009-azure", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1010-oracle", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1011-aws", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1011-gcp", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1012-raspi", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-1012-raspi-nolpae", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-22-generic", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-22-generic-64k", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-22-generic-lpae", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-5.11.0-22-lowlatency", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-aws", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-azure", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-gcp", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-64k", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04-edge", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04-edge", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-lpae", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04-edge", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-gke", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-lowlatency", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04-edge", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-oem-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-oracle", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-raspi", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-raspi-nolpae", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-virtual", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04", "p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge"], "id": "UBUNTU_USN-4997-1.NASL", "href": "https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/150953", "sourceData": "#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300\n##\n# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.\n#\n# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were\n# extracted from Ubuntu Security Notice USN-4997-1. 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Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.\n (CVE-2020-24586)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that all fragments of a frame are encrypted under the same key. An adversary\n can abuse this to decrypt selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP encryption key is periodically renewed. (CVE-2020-24587)\n\n - The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent\n Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that the A-MSDU flag in the plaintext QoS header field is authenticated.\n Against devices that support receiving non-SSP A-MSDU frames (which is mandatory as part of 802.11n), an\n adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets. (CVE-2020-24588)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the kernel in NetBSD 7.1. An Access Point (AP) forwards EAPOL frames to other\n clients even though the sender has not yet successfully authenticated to the AP. This might be abused in\n projected Wi-Fi networks to launch denial-of-service attacks against connected clients and makes it easier\n to exploit other vulnerabilities in connected clients. (CVE-2020-26139)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation\n does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can\n abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data-\n confidentiality protocol. (CVE-2020-26141)\n\n - An issue was discovered on Samsung Galaxy S3 i9305 4.4.4 devices. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3\n implementations accept second (or subsequent) broadcast fragments even when sent in plaintext and process\n them as full unfragmented frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject arbitrary network packets\n independent of the network configuration. (CVE-2020-26145)\n\n - An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel 5.8.9. The WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 implementations reassemble\n fragments even though some of them were sent in plaintext. This vulnerability can be abused to inject\n packets and/or exfiltrate selected fragments when another device sends fragmented frames and the WEP,\n CCMP, or GCMP data-confidentiality protocol is used. (CVE-2020-26147)\n\n - An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in fs/f2fs/node.c in the f2fs module in the Linux\n kernel in versions before 5.12.0-rc4. A bounds check failure allows a local attacker to gain access to\n out-of-bounds memory leading to a system crash or a leak of internal kernel information. The highest\n threat from this vulnerability is to system availability. (CVE-2021-3506)\n\n - A flaw null pointer dereference in the Nitro Enclaves kernel driver was found in the way that Enclaves VMs
Nearly All Wi-Fi Devices Are Vulnerable to New FragAttacks
