Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability through unescaped HTML attribute values

Impact The prosemirrortohtml gem is vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting XSS attacks through malicious HTML attribute values. While tag content is properly escaped, attribute values are not, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. Who is impacted: - Any application using...

Rack's multipart parser buffers unbounded per-part headers, enabling DoS (memory exhaustion)

Summary Rack::Multipart::Parser can accumulate unbounded data when a multipart part’s header block never terminates with the required blank line CRLFCRLF. The parser keeps appending incoming bytes to memory without a size cap, allowing a remote attacker to exhaust memory and cause a denial of...

REXML has DoS condition when parsing malformed XML file

Impact The REXML gems from 3.3.3 to 3.4.1 have a DoS vulnerability when parsing XML containing multiple XML declarations. If you need to parse untrusted XMLs, you may be impacted to these vulnerabilities. Patches REXML gems 3.4.2 or later include the patches to fix these vulnerabilities...

Google Sign-In for Rails allowed redirect to protocol-relative URI

Summary It is possible to redirect a user to another origin if the "proceedto" value in the session store is set to a protocol-relative URL. Details The googlesignin gem persists an optional URL for redirection after authentication. If this URL is set to a protocol-relative URL, it improperly...

Google Sign-In for Rails allowed redirects to malformed URLs

Summary It is possible to craft a malformed URL that passes the "same origin" check, resulting in the user being redirected to another origin. Details The googlesignin gem persists an optional URL for redirection after authentication. If this URL is malformed, it's possible for the user to be...

Spree Commerce is vulnerable to RCE through Search API

Spreecommerce versions prior to 0.50.x contain a remote command execution vulnerability in the API's search functionality. Improper input sanitation allows attackers to inject arbitrary shell commands via the searchinstanceeval parameter, which is dynamically invoked using Ruby’s send method. Thi...

Active Storage allowed transformation methods that were potentially unsafe

Active Storage attempts to prevent the use of potentially unsafe image transformation methods and parameters by default. The default allowed list contains three methods allowing for the circumvention of the safe defaults which enables potential command injection vulnerabilities in cases where...

Rack session gets restored after deletion

Summary When using the Rack::Session::Pool middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session. Details Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store wit...

CKEditor cross-site scripting vulnerability in AJAX sample

Affected packages The vulnerability has been discovered in the AJAX sample available at the samples/old/ajax.html file location. All integrators that use that sample in the production code can be affected. Impact A potential vulnerability has been discovered in one of CKEditor's 4 samples that ar...

WEBrick Improper Input Validation vulnerability

WEBrick 1.3.1 in Ruby 1.8.6 through patchlevel 383, 1.8.7 through patchlevel 248, 1.8.8dev, 1.9.1 through patchlevel 376, and 1.9.2dev writes data to a log file without sanitizing non-printable characters, which might allow remote attackers to modify a window's title, or possibly execute arbitrar...

echor Gem for Ruby Process Listing Local Plaintext Credential Disclosure

echor Gem for Ruby contains a flaw that is due to the program exposing credential information in the system process listing. This may allow a local attacker to gain access to plaintext credential information...

Wicked Gem for Ruby contains a flaw

Wicked Gem for Ruby contains a flaw that is due to the program failing to properly sanitize input passed via the 'thestep' parameter upon submission to the renderredirect.rb script. This may allow a remote attacker to gain access to arbitrary files...

net-imap vulnerable to command Injection via unvalidated Symbol inputs

Summary Symbol arguments to commands are vulnerable to a CRLF Injection / IMAP Command injection via Symbol arguments passed to IMAP commands. Details Symbol arguments represent IMAP "system flags", which are formatted as "atoms" with no quoting with a "" prefix. Vulnerable versions of Net::IMAP...

Rack::Static prefix matching can expose unintended files under the static root

Summary Rack::Static determines whether a request should be served as a static file using a simple string prefix check. When configured with URL prefixes such as "/css", it matches any request path that begins with that string, including unrelated paths such as "/css-config.env" or...

Rack:: Static header_rules bypass via URL-encoded paths

Summary Rack::Staticapplicablerules evaluates several headerrules types against the raw URL-encoded PATHINFO, while the underlying file-serving path is decoded before the file is served. As a result, a request for a URL-encoded variant of a static path can serve the same file without the headers...

Confirmable "change email" race condition permits user to confirm email they have no access to

Impact A race condition in Devise's Confirmable module allows an attacker to confirm an email address they do not own. This affects any Devise application using the reconfirmable option the default when using Confirmable with email changes. By sending two concurrent email change requests, an...

ALTCHA Proof-of-Work Vulnerable to Challenge Splicing and Replay

Impact A cryptographic semantic binding flaw in ALTCHA libraries allows challenge payload splicing, which may enable replay attacks. The HMAC signature does not unambiguously bind challenge parameters to the nonce, allowing an attacker to reinterpret a valid proof-of-work submission with a modifi...

Ruby-saml allows a Libxml2 Canonicalization error to bypass Digest/Signature validation

Summary Ruby-saml up to and including 1.12.4, there is an authentication bypass vulnerability because of an issue at libxml2 canonicalization process used by Nokogiri for document transformation. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. The vulnerability does not...

MQTT does not validate hostnames

A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle MITM attack...

Rack is vulnerable to a memory-exhaustion DoS through unbounded URL-encoded body parsing

Summary Rack::RequestPOST reads the entire request body into memory for Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded, calling rack.input.readnil without enforcing a length or cap. Large request bodies can therefore be buffered completely into process memory before parsing, leading to denial of...

CVE-2025-61594 - URI Credential Leakage Bypass over CVE-2025-27221

In affected URI version, a bypass exists for the fix to CVE-2025-27221 that can expose user credentials. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2025-61594. We recommend upgrading the uri gem. Details When using the + operator to combine URIs, sensitive information like...

Active Record logging vulnerable to ANSI escape injection

This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2025-55193 Impact The ID passed to find or similar methods may be logged without escaping. If this is directly to the terminal, it may include unescaped ANSI sequences. Releases The fixed releases are available at the normal locations...

Possible Denial of Service in resolv gem

A denial of service vulnerability has been discovered in the resolv gem bundled with Ruby. The vulnerability is caused by an insufficient check on the length of a decompressed domain name within a DNS packet. An attacker can craft a malicious DNS packet containing a highly compressed domain name...

CKEditor4 Cross-site Scripting vulnerability caused by incorrect CDATA detection

Affected packages The vulnerability has been discovered in the core HTML parsing module and may affect all editor instances that: Enabled full-page editing mode, or enabled CDATA elements in Advanced Content Filtering configuration defaults to script and style elements. Impact A potential...

Fluent Fluentd and Fluent-ui use default password

An issue was discovered in Fluent Fluentd v.1.8.0 and Fluent-ui v.1.2.2 that allows attackers to gain escilated privileges and execute arbitrary code due to use of a default password...

Insecure PRNG use in random_password_generator

The randompasswordgenerator aka RandomPasswordGenerator gem through 1.0.0 for Ruby uses Kernelrand to generate passwords, which, due to its cyclic nature, can facilitate password prediction...

Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) in lodash

All versions of package lodash prior to 4.17.21 are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service ReDoS via the toNumber, trim and trimEnd functions. Steps to reproduce provided by reporter Liyuan Chen: var lo = require'lodash'; function buildblankn var ret = "1" for var i = 0; i n; i++ ret ...

imap - StartTLS stripping attack

An issue was discovered in Ruby through 2.6.7, 2.7.x through 2.7.3, and 3.x through 3.0.1. Net::IMAP does not raise an exception when StartTLS fails with an an unknown response, which might allow man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass the TLS protections by leveraging a network position between th...

Spree promotion_rules_controller.rb promotion_rule Parameter Arbitrary Ruby Object Instantiation Command Execution

Spree contains a flaw that is triggered when handling input passed via the 'promotionrule' parameter to promotionrulescontroller.rb. This may allow a remote authenticated attacker to instantiate arbitrary Ruby objects and potentially execute arbitrary commands...

Concurrent Ruby - ReadWriteLock allows wrong-thread write release and stray read-release counter corruption

Summary Concurrent::ReadWriteLockreleasewritelock does not verify that the calling thread acquired the write lock. Any thread with access to the lock object can release an active write lock held by another thread. A second writer can then enter its critical section while the first writer is still...

Oj - Use-After-Free in Oj::Parser Symbol Key Cache Toggle

Summary Disabling symbolkeys on a reused Oj::Parser instance triggers a heap use-after-free. When symbolkeys is toggled from true to false, optsymbolkeysset frees the internal key cache cachefree but does not clear the pointer. The next parse call reads from the freed cache via cacheintern,...

DFVULN-839 - Use-After-Free in MessagePack::Buffer#clear Enables Cross-Buffer Disclosure

Summary MessagePack::Bufferclear shifts out every chunk and returns its 4 KiB rmem page to the shared pool, but does not reset the buffer's rmem cursor rmemlast, rmemend, rmemowner. The next write sees "unused rmem space" left over from the freed page and hands back a slice of memory that has...

Ruby LSP has arbitrary code execution through branch setting

Summary The rubyLsp.branch VS Code workspace setting was interpolated without sanitization into a generated Gemfile, allowing arbitrary Ruby code execution when a user opens a project containing a malicious .vscode/settings.json. Other editors that support workspace setting that get automatically...

Graphiti Affected by Arbitrary Method Execution via Unvalidated Relationship Names

Summary An arbitrary method execution vulnerability has been found which affects Graphiti's JSONAPI write functionality. An attacker can craft a malicious JSONAPI payload with arbitrary relationship names to invoke any public method on the underlying model instance, class or its associations...

Unauthenticated Spree Commerce users can view completed guest orders by Order ID

Unauthenticated users can view completed guest orders by Order ID GHSL-2026-029 The OrdersControllershow action permits viewing completed guest orders by order number alone, without requiring the associated order token. Order lookup without enforcing token requirement in OrdersControllershow: rub...

Decidim's private data exports can lead to data leaks

Impact Private data exports can lead to data leaks in cases where the UUID generation causes collisions for the generated UUIDs. The bug was introduced by 13571 and affects Decidim versions 0.30.0 or newer currently 2025-09-23. This issue was discovered by running the following spec several times...

fog-kubevirt allows remote attacker to perform MITM attack due to disabled certificate validation

A flaw was found in fog-kubevirt. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a Man-in-the-Middle MITM attack due to disabled certificate validation. This enables the attacker to intercept and potentially alter sensitive communications between Satellite and OpenShift, resulting in...

foreman_kubevirt disables SSL verification if a Certificate Authority (CA) certificate is not explicitly set

A flaw was found in foremankubevirt. When configuring the connection to OpenShift, the system disables SSL verification if a Certificate Authority CA certificate is not explicitly set. This insecure default allows a remote attacker, capable of intercepting network traffic between Satellite and...

AlchemyCMS - Authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) via eval injection in ResourcesHelper

Summary A vulnerability was discovered during a manual security audit of the AlchemyCMS source code. The application uses the Ruby eval function to dynamically execute a string provided by the resourcehandler.enginename attribute in Alchemy::ResourcesHelperresourceurlproxy. Details The...

openc3-api Vulnerable to Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution

Summary OpenC3 COSMOS contains a critical remote code execution vulnerability reachable through the JSON-RPC API. When a JSON-RPC request uses the string form of certain APIs, attacker-controlled parameter text is parsed into values using Stringconverttovalue. For array-like inputs, converttovalu...

Spree API has Authenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) via Order Modification

Summary An Authenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference IDOR vulnerability was identified that allows an authenticated user to retrieve other users’ address information by modifying an existing order. By editing an order they legitimately own and manipulating address identifiers in the request,...

Spree API has Unauthenticated IDOR - Guest Address

Summary An Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference IDOR vulnerability was identified that allows an unauthenticated attacker to access guest address information without supplying valid credentials or session cookies. Details During testing, it was observed that all guest users can make a...

Ruby-saml has a SAML authentication bypass due to namespace handling (parser differential)

Summary Ruby-saml up to and including 1.12.4, there is an authentication bypass vulnerability because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2025-25292. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker...

null pointer dereference vulnerability in mrubyc 3.4

A security vulnerability has been detected in mrubyc up to 3.4. This impacts the function mrbcrawrealloc of the file src/alloc.c. Such manipulation of the argument ptr leads to null pointer dereference. An attack has to be approached locally...

Sinatra is vulnerable to ReDoS through ETag header value generation

Summary There is a denial of service vulnerability in the If-Match and If-None-Match header parsing component of Sinatra, if the etag method is used when constructing the response and you are using Ruby = 3.2...

Rack has a Possible Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Summary A possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in Rack::Sendfile when running behind a proxy that supports x-sendfile headers such as Nginx. Specially crafted headers could cause Rack::Sendfile to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially...

Rack's unbounded multipart preamble buffering enables DoS (memory exhaustion)

Summary Rack::Multipart::Parser buffers the entire multipart preamble bytes before the first boundary in memory without any size limit. A client can send a large preamble followed by a valid boundary, causing significant memory use and potential process termination due to out-of-memory OOM...

ruby-jwt < v3.0.0.beta1 was discovered to contain weak encryption

ruby-jwt v3.0.0.beta1 was discovered to contain weak encryption. NOTE: the Supplier's perspective is "keysize is not something that is enforced by this library. Currently more recent versions of OpenSSL are enforcing some key sizes and those restrictions apply to the users of this gem also."...

Fluent Fluentd and Fluent-ui use default password

An issue was discovered in Fluent Fluentd v.1.8.0 and Fluent-ui v.1.2.2 that allows attackers to gain escilated privileges and execute arbitrary code due to use of a default password...

Clipboard feature vulnerability allowing to inject arbitrary HTML into the editor using paste functionality

Affected packages The vulnerability has been discovered in clipboard plugin. All plugins with clipboard plugin dependency are affected: clipboard pastetext pastetools widget uploadwidget autolink tableselection Impact A potential vulnerability has been discovered in CKEditor 4 Clipboard package...