Ongoing Malvertising Campaign leads to Ransomware

Executive Summary Rapid7 has observed an ongoing campaign to distribute trojanized installers for WinSCP and PuTTY via malicious ads on commonly used search engines, where clicking on the ad leads to typo squatted domains. In at least one observed case, the infection has led to the attempted...

RCE to Sliver: IR Tales from the Field

Rapid7 Incident Response consultants Noah Hemker, Tyler Starks, and malware analyst Tom Elkins contributed analysis and insight to this blog. Rapid7 Incident Response was engaged to investigate an incident involving unauthorized access to two publicly-facing Confluence servers that were the sourc...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up

Fetch Based Payloads: Making the Path from Command Injection to Metasploit Session Shorter This week we’re releasing Metasploit fetch payloads. Fetch payloads are command-based payloads that leverage network-enabled applications on remote hosts and different protocol servers to serve, download, a...

Metasploit Wrap-Up

An Especially Spooky Season for Moodle This release has not one, two, or three, but FOUR authenticated Moodle exploit modules, or should I say moodules? H00die comes through again with not just modules, but also an artisanal, bespoke library to support further work. Two target the spell check...

What's New in InsightIDR: Q2 2021 in Review

This year, we’re focusing on providing customers with more extensibility and customization in InsightIDR — from adding new event sources to completely refreshing our Dashboard and Reporting experience, we’ve made some strides over the last few months. This post offers a closer look at some of the...

InsightIDR’s NTA Capabilities Expanded to AWS

We’re excited to announce we have expanded the Network Traffic Analysis NTA capabilities in InsightIDR to support Amazon Web Services AWS environments. This means InsightIDR and MDR customers can now ingest detailed network data from AWS, including north/south and east/west traffic across a...

Recog: Data Rules Everything Around Me

The recog project — a recognition framework used to identify products, operating systems, and hardware through matching network probe data against its extensive fingerprint collection — has been around for many years. In the beginning, Rapid7 used it internally as part of the Nexpose vulnerabilit...

Metasploit Wrap-Up

Vulnerability is in the eye of the beholder Exploiting firmware authored by UDP Technology and provided to multiple large OEMs including Geutebruck, community contributor TrGFxX has authored a neat module that allows RCE as root on machines running the web interface of the Geutebruck G-Cam and...

HaXmas Hardware Hacking

Usually, when you read an IoT hacking report or blog post, it ends with something along the lines of, "and that's how I got root," or "and there was a secret backdoor credential," or "and every device in the field uses the same S3 bucket with no authentication." You know, something bad, and the...

Exploitation of Control Web Panel CVE-2022-44877

On January 3, 2023, security researcher Numan Türle published a proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2022-44877, an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in Control Web Panel CWP, formerly known as CentOS Web Panel that had been fixed in an October 2022 release of CWP. The vulnerability...

CVE-2021-3927[67]: Fortress S03 WiFi Home Security System Vulnerabilities

!CVE-2021-3927\67: Fortress S03 WiFi Home Security System Vulnerabilitieshttps://blog.rapid7.com/content/images/2021/08/fortress-vuln.jpg Rapid7 researcher Arvind Vishwakarma discovered multiple vulnerabilities in the Fortress S03 WiFi Home Security System. These vulnerabilities could result in...

What’s New in InsightAppSec and tCell: Q2 2021 in Review

If there’s a theme to InsightAppSec and tCell updates and improvements in the second quarter, it would be “save time by building it into the process.” Building a more efficient process is key in further securing web applications. Can you get it done faster from home? Or is the quickest way to the...

Kill Chains: Part 3→What’s Next

Life, the Universe, and Kill Chains As the final entry in this blog series, we want to quickly recap what we have previously discussed and also look into the possible future of kill chains. If you haven’t already done so, please make sure to read the previous 2 entries in this series: Kill chains...

Rapid7 Releases New Industry Cyber-Exposure Report (ICER): ASX 200

Today, we are excited to release the third report in our Industry Cyber-Exposure Report ICER series, which digs into cyber-exposure among organizations in Australia’s ASX 200. This series focuses on five key areas we believe CISOs at mega-corporations actually have a shot at accomplishing, and wi...

CVE-2020-7378: OpenCRX Unverified Password Change (FIXED)

OpenCRX version 4.30 and version 5.0-20200717 suffers from an unverified password change vulnerability, which is an instance of CWE-620. This vulnerability has a CVSSv3 score of 9.1, which is usually CRITICAL, since it effectively allows anyone who can connect to the OpenCRX server to change the...

Metasploit Wrap-Up 01/17/2025

Clarity in Cleo Exploitation Last Month, Huntress reported that several Cleo products were being attacked in the wild, including Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom. Cleo announced CVE-2024-50623 and that these issues were patched in 5.8.0.21, but Huntress reported the vulnerability was still in those...

Ongoing Social Engineering Campaign Linked to Black Basta Ransomware Operators

Co-authored by Rapid7 analysts Tyler McGraw, Thomas Elkins, and Evan McCann Executive Summary Rapid7 has identified an ongoing social engineering campaign that has been targeting multiple managed detection and response MDR customers. The incident involves a threat actor overwhelming a user's emai...

Cloud Pentesting, Pt. 2: Testing Across Different Deployments

In part one of this series, we broke down the various types of cloud deployments. So, pentesting in the cloud is just like on-prem, right? Who asks these loaded questions!? The answer is yes and no. It depends on how a customer has set up their cloud deployment. Let’s cover a few basics first,...

Cybersecurity in the Infrastructure Bill

On August 10, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021 H.R.3684. The bill comes in at 2,700+ pages, provides for $1.2T in spending, and includes several cybersecurity items. We expect this legislation to become law around late September and do not expect...

[Security Nation] Brian Honan on creating Ireland's first CERT

!\Security Nation\ Brian Honan on creating Ireland's first CERThttps://blog.rapid7.com/content/images/2021/07/securitynationlogo-1.jpg In this episode of Security Nation, we’re joined by Brian Honan of BH Consulting. Jen and Tod chat with Brian about his experience as a founder of Ireland's first...

Introducing the Manual Regex Editor in IDR’s Parsing Tool: Part 1

New to writing regular expressions? No problem. In this two-part blog series, we’ll cover the basics of regular expressions and how to write regular expression statements regex to extract fields from your logs while using the custom parsing tool. Like learning any new language, getting started ca...

MDR Must-Haves, Part 6: Threat Validation and Detailed Reporting

This blog post is part of an ongoing series about evaluating Managed Detection and Response MDR providers. For more insights, check out our guide, “10 Things Your MDR Service Must Do.” Engaging a managed security service provider—either a traditional MSSP or MDR provider—should never involve...

Securing Your Web App, One Robot at a Time

Modern web apps are two things: complex, and under persistent attack. Any publicly accessible web application can receive up to tens of thousands of attacks a month. While that sounds like a reason to immediately pull the plug and find a safe space to hide, these are likely spread across the...

Critical vulnerabilities in Fortinet CVE-2025-59718, CVE-2025-59719, CVE-2026-24858 exploited in the wild

Overview Update for CVE-2026-24858: On January 27, 2026, Fortinet disclosedCVE-2026-24858 , a critical unauthenticated vulnerability allowing authentication bypass via Fortinet’s cloud SSO. Confirmed as a net-new vulnerability rather than a patch bypass, it has beenobserved under active zero-day...

Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Camera: Multiple Vulnerabilities (FIXED)

The Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Camera is a consumer security device that provides cloud-based video camera surveillance capabilities. This device was a target at the 2024 Pwn2Own IoT competition. Rapid7 developed an unauthenticated remote code execution RCE exploit chain as an entry for the...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up 09/20/2024

New module content 3 update-motd.d Persistence Author: Julien Voisin Type: Exploit Pull request: 19454 contributed by jvoisin Path: linux/local/motdpersistence Description: This adds a post module to keep persistence on a Linux target by writing a motd bash script triggered with root privileges...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up

New module content 4 Atlassian Confluence Data Center and Server Authentication Bypass via Broken Access Control Authors: Emir Polat and Unknown Type: Auxiliary Pull request: 18447 contributed by emirpolatt Path: admin/http/atlassianconfluenceauthbypass AttackerKB reference: CVE-2023-22515...

AppDomain Manager Injection: New Techniques For Red Teams

AppDomain Manager Injection is a very versatile and useful technique for red team operators. This technique allows you to effectively turn any Microsoft.NET application on a Windows host into a lolbin Living Off the Land Binary by forcing the application to load a specially crafted .NET assembly,...

Backdoored 3CXDesktopApp Installer Used in Active Threat Campaign

Emergent threats evolve quickly. We will update this blog with new information as it comes to light and we are able to verify it. Erick Galinkin, Ted Samuels, Zach Dayton, Eoin Miller, Caitlin Condon, Stephen Fewer, Spencer McIntyre, and Christiaan Beek all contributed to this blog. On Wednesday,...

Grow Your Career at Rapid7: North America Sales

As any sales professional knows, working for an organization where your growth and development are supported is key — not to mention selling a product you believe in and a company mission you can get behind. At Rapid7, you can check both of those boxes. With a stellar Business Development program...

3 Takeaways From The 2021 VDBIR: It’s An Appandemic

VDBIR Overview “Appandemic” sounds a bit like “appendectomy.” From a societal standpoint, it’s almost as alarming — if not more so — as the surgical procedure is from a personal standpoint. Because in the midst of the global pandemic we’ve all experienced over the past year and a half, web...

NICER Protocol Deep Dive: Internet Exposure of DNS

Welcome to the NICER Protocol Deep Dive blog series! When we started researching what all was out on the internet way back in January, we had no idea we'd end up with a hefty, 137-page tome of a research report. The sheer length of such a thing might put off folks who might otherwise learn a thin...

CVE-2024-28995: Trivially Exploitable Information Disclosure Vulnerability in SolarWinds Serv-U

On June 5, 2024, SolarWinds disclosed CVE-2024-28995, a high-severity directory traversal vulnerability affecting their Serv-U file transfer server, which comes in two editions Serv-U FTP and Serv-U MFT. Successful exploitation of the vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to read sensiti...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up 04/05/2024

New ESC4 Templates for AD CS Metasploit added capabilities for exploiting the ESC family of flaws in AD CS in Metasploit 6.3. The ESC4 technique in particular has been supported for some time now thanks to the adcscerttemplates module which enables users to read and write certificate template...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up 02/02/2024

Shared RubySMB Service Improvements This week’s updates include improvements to Metasploit Framework’s SMB server implementation: the SMB server can now be reused across various SMB modules, which are now able to register their own unique shares and files. SMB modules can also now be executed...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up

Improved Ticket Forging Metasploit’s admin/kerberos/forgeticket module has been updated to work with Server 2022. In Windows Server 2022, Microsoft started requiring additional new PAC elements to be present - the PAC requestor and PAC attributes. The newly forged tickets will have the necessary...

Metasploit Wrap-Up

Basic discover script improvements This week two improvements were made to the script/resource/basicdiscovery.rc resource script. The first update from community member samsepi0x0 allowed commas in the RHOSTS value, making it easier to target multiple hosts. Additionally, adfoster-r7 improved the...

How to Combat Alert Fatigue With Cloud-Based SIEM Tools

Today’s security teams are facing more complexity than ever before. IT environments are changing and expanding rapidly, resulting in proliferating data as organizations adopt more tools to stay on top of their sprawling environments. And with an abundance of tools comes an abundance of alerts,...

InsightVM Now Integrates With Snyk for Deep Visibility Into Container Vulnerabilities

We know many development teams these days are taking advantage of containerized software applications that may contain all of the necessary code, runtime, system tools, and libraries needed to run an application. Containers are easy to spin up and down, experiment with, and get things done quickl...

Announcing the 2020 December Metasploit community CTF

It’s time for another Metasploit community CTF! We're back on our usual end-of-year schedule this time around, and we’re doing a few things differently. Past CTFs have featured a wide range of challenges across different architectures, difficulty levels, and targets. This year, we wanted to make...

CVE-2025-32756 Exploited in the Wild, Affecting Multiple Fortinet Products

On May 13, 2025, Fortinet disclosed CVE-2025-32756, an unauthenticated stack-based buffer overflow affecting multiple Fortinet products; including FortiVoice, FortiRecorder, FortiNDR, FortiMail, and FortiCamera. The vulnerability is rated as CVSS 9.6 Critical, and allows an unauthenticated remote...

Patch Tuesday - April 2025

Microsoft is addressing 121 vulnerabilities this April 2025 Patch Tuesday, which is more than twice as many as last month. Microsoft has evidence of in-the-wild exploitation for just one of the vulnerabilities published today, which is already reflected in CISA KEV. Once again, Microsoft has...

Supply Chain Compromise Leads to Trojanized Installers for Notezilla, RecentX, Copywhiz

The following Rapid7 analysts contributed to this research: Leo Gutierrez, Tyler McGraw, Sarah Lee, and Thomas Elkins. Executive Summary On Tuesday, June 18th, 2024, Rapid7 initiated an investigation into suspicious activity in a customer environment. Our investigation identified that the...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up 02/09/2024

Go go gadget Fortra GoAnywhere MFT Module This Metasploit release contains a module for one of 2024's hottest vulnerabilities to date: CVE-2024-0204. The path traversal vulnerability in Fortra GoAnywhere MFT allows for unauthenticated attackers to access the InitialAccountSetup.xhtml endpoint whi...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up 01/19/24

Unicode your way to a php payload and three modules to add to your playbook for Ansible Our own jheysel-r7 added an exploit leveraging the fascinating tool of php filter chaining to prepend a payload using encoding conversion characters and h00die et. al. have come through and added 3 new Ansible...

Metasploit Weekly Wrap-Up

PowershellPoint This week’s new features and improvements start with two new exploit modules leveraging CVE-2023-34960 Chamilo versions 1.11.18 and below and CVE-2023-26469 in Jorani 1.0.0. Like CVE-2023-34960, I too, feel attacked by PowerPoint sometimes. We also have several improvements,...

Metasploit Wrap-Up

Wordpress Exploitation Returns What's life without a little WordPress exploitation? Courtesy of Hacker5preme aka Ron Jost and h00die, we now have an exploit for CVE-2021-24862, a bug in the RestorationMagic WordPress plugin prior to 5.0.1.6 whereby user input was not properly escaped in the...

OWASP Top 10 Deep Dive: Identification and Authentication Failures

In the 2021 edition of the OWASP top 10 list, Broken Authentication was changed to Identification and Authentication Failures. This term bundles in a number of existing items like cryptography failures, session fixation, default login credentials, and brute-forcing access. Additionally, this...

Reforming the UK’s Computer Misuse Act

The UK Home Office recently ran a Call for Information to investigate the Computer Misuse Act 1990 CMA. The CMA is the UK’s anti-hacking law, and as Rapid7 is active in the UK and highly engaged in public policy efforts to advance security, we provided feedback on the issues we see with the...

Attack Surface Analysis Part 3: Red and Purple Teaming

Part 3: Red and Purple Teaming This is the third and final installment in our 2021 series around attack surface analysis. In part 1 I offered a description and the value and challenge of vulnerability assessment. Part 2 explored the why and how of conducting penetration testing and gave some tips...