MCP-In-SoS: Risk Assessment Framework for Open-Source MCP Servers

Model Context Protocol MCP servers have rapidly emerged over the past year as a widely adopted way to enable Large Language Model LLM agents to access dynamic, real-world tools. As MCP servers proliferate and become easy to adopt via open-source releases, understanding their security risks become...

PRoADS: Provably Secure and Robust Audio Diffusion Steganography with Latent Optimization and Backward Euler Inversion

This paper proposes PRoADS, a provably secure and robust audio steganographic framework based on audio diffusion models. As a generative steganography scheme, PRoADS embeds secret messages into the initial noise of diffusion models via orthogonal matrix projection. To address the reconstruction...

Execution Is the New Attack Surface: Survivability-Aware Agentic Crypto Trading with OpenClaw-Style Local Executors

OpenClaw-style agent stacks turn language into privileged execution: LLM intents flow through tool interception, policy gates, and a local executor. In parallel, skill marketplaces such as skills.sh make capability acquisition as easy as installing skills and CLIs, creating a growing capability...

FalconEYE 2.1.0

FalconEYE represents a paradigm shift in static code analysis. Instead of relying on predefined vulnerability patterns, it leverages large language models to reason about your code the same way a security expert would, understanding context, intent, and subtle security implications that tradition...

Vertex AI Experiments Bucket Squatting Defensive Scanner

The Vertex AI Bucket Squatting Defensive Scanner is a security assessment tool designed to detect potential Google Cloud Storage bucket hijacking risks related to predictable naming patterns in Vertex AI experiment workflows. Instead of exploiting the vulnerability, this defensive version perform...

An Analysis of Modern Web Security Vulnerabilities Inside WebAssembly Applications

The growth in the adoption of the WebAssembly WASM standard has given rise to a rapidly increasing landscape of binary applications that are natively ported to the environment of websites. The flexibility of WASM has made it the preferred way to run fast and resource-heavy applications, replacing...

Robust Provably Secure Image Steganography Via Latent Iterative Optimization

We propose a robust and provably secure image steganography framework based on latent-space iterative optimization. Within this framework, the receiver treats the transmitted image as a fixed reference and iteratively refines a latent variable to minimize the reconstruction error, thereby improvi...

PixelConfig: Longitudinal Measurement and Reverse-Engineering of Meta Pixel Configurations

Tracking pixels are used to optimize online ad campaigns through personalization, re-targeting, and conversion tracking. Past research has primarily focused on detecting the prevalence of tracking pixels on the web, with limited attention to how they are configured across websites. A tracking pix...

ProvAgent: Threat Detection Based on Identity-Behavior Binding and Multi-Agent Collaborative Attack Investigation

Advanced Persistent Threats APTs pose critical challenges to modern cybersecurity due to their multi-stage and stealthy nature. While provenance-based detection approaches show promise in capturing causal attack semantics, current threat provenance practices face two paradoxical issues: 1 expert...

Measuring Onion Website Discovery and Tor Users' Interests with Honeypots

Tor enables anonymous web browsing and access to anonymous onion websites. Prior work has focused on crawling and content analysis rather than on what users actually try to access. Our honeypot approach measures engagement across onion-site categories, revealing behavioral interest rather than...

Enhanced Security in Quantum Token Protocols Using Hybrid Spin-Photon Interfaces

Quantum token protocols enable unforgeable quantum tokens promising unconditional security beyond classical cryptographic assumptions. We show here that the three stages of the Quantum token protocols involving the preparation, storage and verification can be made more secure when involving...

Vertex AI SDK 1.131.0 Cross Site Scripting Scanner

This script is a defensive behavioral security scanner designed to test whether HTML reports generated by the internal visualization module of the google-cloud-aiplatform part of Google Cloud improperly render unescaped user-controlled input...

CLIOPATRA: Extracting Private Information from LLM Insights

As AI assistants become widely used, privacy-aware platforms like Anthropic's Clio have been introduced to generate insights from real-world AI use. Clio's privacy protections rely on layering multiple heuristic techniques together, including PII redaction, clustering, filtering, and LLM-based...

Why LLMs Fail: A Failure Analysis and Partial Success Measurement for Automated Security Patch Generation

Large Language Models LLMs show promise for Automated Program Repair APR, yet their effectiveness on security vulnerabilities remains poorly characterized. This study analyzes 319 LLM-generated security patchesacross 64 Java vulnerabilities from the Vul4J benchmark. Using tri-axis evaluation...

Multilingual AI-Driven Password Strength Estimation with Similarity-Based Detection

Considering the rise of cyberattacks incidents worldwide, the need to ensure stronger passwords is necessary. Developing a password strength meter PSM can help users create stronger passwords when creating an account on an online platform. This research aimed to explore whether incorporating a...

WebDAV Advanced Penetration Testing Script

This Python-based WebDAV penetration testing script tests methods available, attempts directory listing with PROPFIND, file upload with PUT, and more...

External Entropy Supply for IoT Devices Employing a RISC-V Trusted Execution Environment

Entropy--a measure of randomness--is compulsory for the generation of secure cryptographic keys; however, Internet of Things IoT devices that are small or constrained often struggle to collect suf ficient entropy. In this article, we solve the entropy provisioning problem for a fleet of IoT devic...

SoK: Harmonizing Attack Graphs and Intrusion Detection Systems

Detecting and responding to cyber attacks is increasingly difficult as high-volume, complex network traffic allows threats to remain concealed. While Intrusion Detection Systems IDSs identify anomalous behavior, Attack Graphs AGs serve as the primary threat model for analyzing attacker strategies...

Coverage-Guided Multi-Agent Harness Generation for Java Library Fuzzing

Coverage-guided fuzzing has proven effective for software testing, but targeting library code requires specialized fuzz harnesses that translate fuzzer-generated inputs into valid API invocations. Manual harness creation is time-consuming and requires deep understanding of API semantics,...

Towards Modeling Cybersecurity Behavior of Humans in Organizations

We undertake a comprehensive and structured synthesis of the drivers of human behavior in cybersecurity, focusing specifically on people within organizations i.e., especially employees in companies, and integrate key concepts such as awareness, security culture, and usability into a coherent...

AgenticCyOps: Securing Multi-Agentic AI Integration in Enterprise Cyber Operations

Multi-agent systems MAS powered by LLMs promise adaptive, reasoning-driven enterprise workflows, yet granting agents autonomous control over tools, memory, and communication introduces attack surfaces absent from deterministic pipelines. While current research largely addresses prompt-level...

OSS-CRS: Liberating AIxCC Cyber Reasoning Systems for Real-World Open-Source Security

DARPA's AI Cyber Challenge AIxCC showed that cyber reasoning systems CRSs can go beyond vulnerability discovery to autonomously confirm and patch bugs: seven teams built such systems and open-sourced them after the competition. Yet all seven open-sourced CRSs remain largely unusable outside their...

SmartGraphical: A Human-In-The-Loop Framework for Detecting Smart Contract Logical Vulnerabilities Via Pattern-Driven Static Analysis and Visual Abstraction

Smart contracts are fundamental components of blockchain ecosystems; however, their security remains a critical concern due to inherent vulnerabilities. While existing detection methodologies are predominantly syntax-oriented, targeting reentrancy and arithmetic errors, they often overlook logica...

SlowBA: An Efficiency Backdoor Attack Towards VLM-Based GUI Agents

Modern vision-language-model VLM based graphical user interface GUI agents are expected not only to execute actions accurately but also to respond to user instructions with low latency. While existing research on GUI-agent security mainly focuses on manipulating action correctness, the security...

M365Pwned Red Team Tool

M365Pwned is two WinForms GUI tools for enumerating, searching, and exfiltrating data from Microsoft 365 environments using application-level OAuth tokens without any user interaction required...

Artificial Noise Versus Artificial Noise Elimination: Redefining Scaling Laws of Physical Layer Security

Artificial noise AN is a key physical-layer security scheme for wireless communications over multiple-input multiple-output wiretap channels. Recently, artificial noise elimination ANE has emerged as a strategy to mitigate the impact of AN on eavesdroppers. However, the influence of ANE on the...

WAV Fuzzer 1.0

This script is a fuzzer tool for WAV file processing programs that targets memory corruption vulnerabilities...

OAuthHub: Mitigating OAuth Data Overaccess through a Local Data Hub

Most OAuth service providers, such as Google and Microsoft, offer only a limited range of coarse-grained data access. As a result, third-party OAuth applications often end up accessing more user data than necessary, even if their developers want to minimize data access. We present OAuthHub, a...

Lockbox -- a Zero Trust Architecture for Secure Processing of Sensitive Cloud Workloads

Enterprises increasingly rely on cloud-based applications to process highly sensitive data artifacts. Although cloud adoption improves agility and scalability, it also introduces new security challenges such as expanded attack surfaces, a wider radius of attack from credential compromise, and...

TLS 1.3 SNI Scanner

A command-line PHP vulnerability testing tool was developed to analyze TLS behavior through observation and logical reasoning, rather than relying on fixed rules or CVE numbers. The tool establishes multiple TLS connections to the same server and port using different SNI values. It then compares...

RuView: WiFi Signal Analyzer

RuView: WiFi DensePose turns commodity WiFi signals into real-time human pose estimation, vital sign monitoring, and presence detection, all without a single pixel of video...

Cybersecurity AI: Hacking Consumer Robots in the AI Era

Is robot cybersecurity broken by AI? Consumer robots -- from autonomous lawnmowers to powered exoskeletons and window cleaners -- are rapidly entering homes and workplaces, yet their security remains rooted in assumptions of specialized attacker expertise. This paper presents evidence that...

Security Considerations for Multi-Agent Systems

Multi-agent artificial intelligence systems or MAS are systems of autonomous agents that exercise delegated tool authority, share persistent memory, and coordinate via inter-agent communication. MAS introduces qualitatively distinct security vulnerabilities from those documented for singular AI...

A Comparative Study of Recent Advances in Internet of Intrusion Detection Things

The Internet of Things IoT has revolutionized the way devices communicate and interact with each other, but it has also created new challenges in terms of security. In this context, intrusion detection has become a crucial mechanism to ensure the safety of IoT systems. To address this issue, a...

SCAFFOLD-CEGIS: Preventing Latent Security Degradation in LLM-Driven Iterative Code Refinement

The application of large language models to code generation has evolved from one-shot generation to iterative refinement, yet the evolution of security throughout iteration remains insufficiently understood. Through comparative experiments on three mainstream LLMs, this paper reveals the iterativ...

Post-Quantum Federated Learning: Secure and Scalable Threat Intelligence for Collaborative Cyber Defense

Collaborative threat intelligence via federated learning FL faces critical risks from quantum computing, which can compromise classical encryption methods. This study proposes a quantum-secure FL framework using post-quantum cryptography PQC to protect cross-organizational data sharing. We expose...

Energy-Time Attack on Detectors in Quantum Key Distribution

Quantum key distribution is unbreakable in theory but may be hacked via imperfections in its hardware implementations. While many imperfections have been mitigated by countermeasures and advanced security proofs, several remain unsolved. One of these is a superlinear behaviour in single-photon...

Learning the APT Kill Chain: Temporal Reasoning over Provenance Data for Attack Stage Estimation

Advanced Persistent Threats APTs evolve through multiple stages, each exhibiting distinct temporal and structural behaviors. Accurate stage estimation is critical for enabling adaptive cyber defense. This paper presents StageFinder, a temporal graph learning framework for multi-stage attack...

Broken Access: On the Challenges of Screen Reader Assisted Two-Factor and Passwordless Authentication

In today's technology-driven world, web services have opened up new opportunities for blind and visually impaired people to interact independently. Securing interactions with these services is crucial; however, currently deployed authentication mainly concentrate on sighted users, overlooking the...

VoiceSHIELD-Small: Real-Time Malicious Speech Detection and Transcription

Voice interfaces are quickly becoming a common way for people to interact with AI systems. This also brings new security risks, such as prompt injection, social engineering, and harmful voice commands. Traditional security methods rely on converting speech to text and then filtering that text,...

Reality Check for Tor Website Fingerprinting in the Open World

Website fingerprinting WF attacks on Tor can infer user destinations from encrypted traffic metadata. However, their real-world effectiveness remains debated due to laboratory settings that fail to capture network fluctuations, evaluate noise, and create a representative open world. In this work,...

Exploring the Drivers of Information Security Policy Compliance among Contingent Employees: A Social, Deterrent, and Involvement-Based Approach

As institutions increasingly depend on Information Systems ISs, ensuring compliance with Information Systems Security Policies ISSPs is critical, especially among contingent employees, whose engagement differs from that of permanent staff. This study examines how Subjective Norm, Deterrence...

Machine Learning Techniques for Enhancing Quantum Key Distribution

Quantum Key Distribution QKD offers theoretically unbreakable security by leveraging quantum mechanics. However, practical implementation is challenged by environmental vulnerabilities, noise, and hardware imperfections. Recently, Machine Learning ML has emerged as a powerful tool to address thes...

Statistical Analysis and Optimization of the MFA Protecting Private Keys

In the current information age, asymmetrical cryptography is widely used to protect information and financial transactions such as cryptocurrencies. The loss of private keys can have catastrophic consequences; therefore, effective MFA schemes are needed. In this paper, we focus on generating...

Two Frames Matter: A Temporal Attack for Text-To-Video Model Jailbreaking

Recent text-to-video T2V models can synthesize complex videos from lightweight natural language prompts, raising urgent concerns about safety alignment in the event of misuse in the real world. Prior jailbreak attacks typically rewrite unsafe prompts into paraphrases that evade content filters...

SemFuzz: A Semantics-Aware Fuzzing Framework for Network Protocol Implementations

Network protocols are the foundation of modern communication, yet their implementations often contain semantic vulnerabilities stemming from inadequate understanding of specification semantics. Existing gray-box and black-box testing approaches lack semantic modeling of protocols, making it...

Targeted Bit-Flip Attacks on LLM-Based Agents

Targeted bit-flip attacks BFAs exploit hardware faults to manipulate model parameters, posing a significant security threat. While prior work targets single-step inference models e.g., image classifiers, LLM-based agents with multi-stage pipelines and external tools present new attack surfaces,...

Securing Cryptography in the Age of Quantum Computing and AI: Threats, Implementations, and Strategic Response

This review examines how quantum computing and artificial intelligence challenge current cryptographic systems. We analyze the literature to assess the resilience of algorithms against quantum attacks Shor's and Grover's algorithms and AI-enhanced cryptanalysis. RSA and elliptic curve cryptograph...

OpenAnt LLM-Based Vulnerability Discovery

OpenAnt from Knostic is an open source LLM-based vulnerability discovery product that helps defenders proactively find verified security flaws while minimizing both false positives and false negatives. Stage 1 detects. Stage 2 attacks. What survives is real...

Alkaid: Resilience to Edit Errors in Provably Secure Steganography Via Distance-Constrained Encoding

While provably secure steganography provides strong concealment by ensuring stego carriers are indistinguishable from natural samples, such systems remain vulnerable to real-world edit errors e.g., insertions, deletions, substitutions because their decoding depends on perfect synchronization and...