SoK: Security and Privacy of Foundation-Model-Powered Robots

Foundation models are reshaping robotics by enabling robots to interpret open-ended instructions, reason over multimodal contexts, and operate in complex, open-world environments. However, their integration also introduces security and privacy S&P risks that extend beyond the FMs themselves to...

Data-Centric Benchmarking of Exploit Generation in LLMs: Understanding the Impact of Fine-Tuning

We study the task of CVE-conditioned exploit generation, where a model drafts proof-of-concept PoC exploits given software vulnerability context. We adopt a data-centric approach, constructing a high-quality dataset via multi-stage preprocessing and introducing a scalable evaluation framework wit...

OpenBMC Denial of Service / Authentication Bypass

OpenBMC suffers from denial of service and authentication bypass vulnerabilities...

When the Ruler Is Broken: Parsing-Induced Suppression in LLM-Based Security Log Evaluation

LLM-based SOC log classifiers are commonly evaluated using regular-expression pipelines that extract structured fields from free-form model output. We demonstrate that this practice introduces a class of silent, systematic evaluation errors, which we term parsing-induced suppression that can caus...

Redefining AI Red Teaming in the Agentic Era: From Weeks to Hours

AI systems are entering critical domains like healthcare, finance, and defense, yet remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. While AI red teaming is a primary defense, current approaches force operators into manual, library-specific workflows. Operators spend weeks hand-crafting workflows -...

Analyzing Unsolicited Internet Traffic: Measuring IoT Security Threats Via Network Telescopes

Network telescopes serve as a critical passive monitoring tool for capturing unsolicited Internet traffic, providing insights into global scanning and reconnaissance behavior. This study analyzes a 10-day dataset during January 2025 consisting of approximately 22 million packets collected by the...

Noisy Networks, Nosy Neighbors: Simple Privacy Attacks against Residential Wireless Traffic

Smart devices, such as light bulbs, TVs, fridges, etc., equipped with computing capabilities and wireless communication, are part of everyday life in many households. Previous work has already shown that a passive eavesdropper can derive private information, household routines, etc., from the...

Lulzbuster 2.0.0

Lulzbuster is a multithreaded, very fast and smart HTTPS directory and file bruteforcer written in C on top of libcurl. Given a target URL and a wordlist, it enumerates valid paths by firing concurrent HTTP requests and reporting back the responses that look like real hits i.e. status codes the...

QASecClaw: A Multi-Agent LLM Approach for False Positive Reduction in Static Application Security Testing

Static Application Security Testing tools help developers find security vulnerabilities before release, but they often produce many false positives. This increases manual review effort, reduces developer trust, and may cause real vulnerabilities to be ignored among noisy reports. We present...

VulKey: Automated Vulnerability Repair Guided by Domain-Specific Repair Patterns

The increasing prevalence of software vulnerabilities highlights the need for effective Automatic Vulnerability Repair AVR tools. While LLM-based approaches are promising, they struggle to incorporate structured security knowledge from sources like CWE and NVD. Current methods either use this...

Self-Adaptive Multi-Agent LLM-Based Security Pattern Selection for IoT Systems

The adoption of Internet of Things IoT systems at the network edge of smart architectures is increasing rapidly, intensifying the need for security mechanisms that are both adaptive and resource-efficient. In such environments, runtime defence mechanisms are no longer limited to detection alone b...

A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Intrusion Detection in Intelligent Transport Systems

AI-powered edge computing security is moving Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS from passive, rule-based protections to proactive, smart, zero-touch, self-sufficient safeguards that neutralize threats in milliseconds. As transportation becomes more connected with edge computing, massive IoT,...

Joern 4.0.530

Joern is the bug hunter's workbench. With this tool, you can uncover attack surface, sloppy coding practices, and variants of known vulnerabilities using an interactive code analysis shell. Joern supports C, C++, LLVM bitcode, x86 binaries via Ghidra, JVM bytecode via Soot, and Javascript...

Jailbroken Frontier Models Retain Their Capabilities

As language model safeguards become more robust, attackers are pushed toward developing increasingly complex jailbreaks. Prior work has found that this complexity imposes a "jailbreak tax" that degrades the target model's task performance. We show that this tax scales inversely with model...

I Can't Recognize (Yet): Delayed Rendering to Defeat Visual Phishing Detectors

Phishing webpages are continuously polluting the Web. Plenty of countermeasures have been proposed and the most advanced techniques leverage machine-learning methods that infer whether a webpage is benign or not by inspecting its visual representation. Yet, despite the demonstrated effectiveness ...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:12.dhclient

FreeBSD Security Advisory - The BOOTP file field is written to the lease file without escaping embedded double-quotes, allowing injection of arbitrary dhclient.conf directives. When the lease file is subsequently re-parsed by dhclient, e.g., after a system restart, an attacker-controlled field fr...

angr 9.2.213

angr is an open-source binary analysis platform for Python. It combines both static and dynamic symbolic "concolic" analysis, providing tools to solve a variety of tasks...

Evaluating Cryptographic API Misuse Detectors for Go

Cryptographic API misuse represents a critical vulnerability class that undermines the security foundations of modern software. Yet, it remains largely unexplored in Go despite its dominance in security-critical infrastructure. This paper presents the first comprehensive study of cryptographic AP...

From Spoofing to Trust: Emergency Alerts Spoofing Testbed and Cross-Cell Verification

Public warning systems PWS in cellular networks enable authorities to broadcast emergency alerts to all mobile phones in a geographic region in the event of threats such as earthquakes or severe weather. If an attacker can imitate these alerts and transmit a forged warning containing fake news or...

Jailbreaking Frontier Foundation Models through Intention Deception

Large vision-language models exhibit remarkable capability but remain highly susceptible to jailbreaking. Existing safety training approaches aim to have the model learn a refusal boundary between safe and unsafe, based on the user's intent. It has been found that this binary training regime ofte...

The Vehicle May Be Sick: Denial of Diagnostic Services by Exploiting the CAN Transport Protocol

Vehicle diagnostics has become essential for detecting in-vehicle errors and ensuring safety. While the Unified Diagnostic Services UDS protocol is widely adopted for diagnostic operations, it relies on the ISO 15765-2 standard as the transport protocol over the Controller Area Network CAN, which...

From Stateless Queries to Autonomous Actions: A Layered Security Framework for Agentic AI Systems

Agentic AI systems face security challenges that stateless large language models do not. They plan across extended horizons, maintain persistent memory, invoke external tools, and coordinate with peer agents. Existing security analyses organize threats by attack type prompt injection, jailbreakin...

Scalable and Verifiable Federated Learning for Cross-Institution Financial Fraud Detection

The global financial ecosystem confronts a critical asymmetry: while fraud syndicates operate as borderless, distributed networks, banking institutions remain constrained by regulatory data silos, limiting visibility into cross-institutional threat patterns under strict privacy laws such as GDPR...

Joern 4.0.527

Joern is the bug hunter's workbench. With this tool, you can uncover attack surface, sloppy coding practices, and variants of known vulnerabilities using an interactive code analysis shell. Joern supports C, C++, LLVM bitcode, x86 binaries via Ghidra, JVM bytecode via Soot, and Javascript...

GNU Privacy Guard 2.5.19

GnuPG the GNU Privacy Guard or GPG is GNU's tool for secure communication and data storage. It can be used to encrypt data and to create digital signatures. It includes an advanced key management facility and is compliant with the proposed OpenPGP Internet standard as described in RFC2440. As suc...

Rosemary 1.0.4

Rosemary is a cross-platform transparent tunneling platform designed for network pivoting. Unlike traditional tools that rely on TUN/TAP interfaces or require per-application proxy configuration like proxychains, Rosemary intercepts traffic at the kernel level...

Risk Models As Mediating Artifacts: A Postphenomenological Analysis of the CIIM Framework in Cybersecurity Practice

This article applies postphenomenological theory to the field of cybersecurity risk management, arguing that formal risk models function as mediating artifacts that shape how security practitioners or analysts perceive, interpret, and act on threats. Based on Don Ihde's taxonomy on human-technolo...

MCP Pitfall Lab: Exposing Developer Pitfalls in MCP Tool Server Security under Multi-Vector Attacks

Model Context Protocol MCP is increasingly adopted for tool-integrated LLM agents, but its multi-layer design and third-party server ecosystem expand risks across tool metadata, untrusted outputs, cross-tool flows, multimodal inputs, and supply-chain vectors. Existing MCP benchmarks largely measu...

DNG File Generator with Malformed Metadata

This Python script generates a custom DNG Digital Negative image file by manually constructing TIFF/DNG structures, including headers, Image File Directories IFDs, and metadata tags...

Joern 4.0.525

Joern is the bug hunter's workbench. With this tool, you can uncover attack surface, sloppy coding practices, and variants of known vulnerabilities using an interactive code analysis shell. Joern supports C, C++, LLVM bitcode, x86 binaries via Ghidra, JVM bytecode via Soot, and Javascript...

AppleSEPKeyStore iOS macOS 26.1–26.2 Multi-Thread Race Condition Simulation Tool

This C/Objective-C program is a lightweight concurrency stress-testing tool designed to simulate and observe race conditions using atomic operations and multiple threads. It models a simplified shared-state system where concurrent readers and writers continuously interact with a shared variable...

angr 9.2.211

angr is an open-source binary analysis platform for Python. It combines both static and dynamic symbolic "concolic" analysis, providing tools to solve a variety of tasks...

TitanCA: Lessons from Orchestrating LLM Agents to Discover 100+ CVEs

Software vulnerabilities remain one of the most persistent threats to modern digital infrastructure. While static application security testing SAST tools have long served as the first line of defense, they suffer from high false-positive rates. This article presents TitanCA, a collaborative proje...

Do Privacy Policies Match with the Logs? an Empirical Study of Privacy Disclosure in Android Application Logs

Privacy policies are intended to inform users about how software systems collect and handle data, yet they often remain vague or incomplete. This paper presents an empirical study of patterns in log-related statements within privacy policies and their alignment with privacy disclosures observed i...

Global Web, Local Privacy? an International Review of Web Tracking

Web tracking by ad networks, social networks, and other third parties is privacy-invasive. To protect users' privacy an increasing number of countries are adopting new privacy laws. However, a major reason why their application on the web is so challenging is that privacy laws are local while the...

Challenges and Future Directions in Agentic Reverse Engineering Systems

Agentic systems built on large language models LLMs are increasingly being used for complex security tasks, including binary reverse engineering RE. Despite recent growth in popularity and capability, these systems continue to face limitations in realistic settings. Cutting-edge systems still fai...

Windows Persistence Bits Job

This Metasploit module establishes persistence through a BITS job that downloads and executes a payload. Background Intelligent Transfer Service BITS is a Windows service for transferring files in the background using idle network bandwidth. BITS jobs are persistent and will resume across reboots...

Quantum-Safe IPsec in the Banking Industry

The emergence of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers CRQCs presents a critical threat to classical cryptographic systems, particularly widely adopted protocols such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman DH, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography ECC. Given their extensive use in the financial sector, the adve...

Evaluating Differential Privacy against Membership Inference in Federated Learning: Insights from the NIST Genomics Red Team Challenge

While Federated Learning FL mitigates direct data exposure, the resulting trained models remain susceptible to membership inference attacks MIAs. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of Differential Privacy DP as a defense mechanism against MIAs in FL, leveraging the environment of the 202...

Wazuh 4.14.2 Code Execution / Insecure Deserialization

A critical vulnerability in Wazuh cluster mode allows an attacker with access to a worker node to send malicious serialized payloads that are processed by the master node, resulting in remote code execution with root privileges. Versions 4.0.0 through 4.14.2 are affected...

Marimo Vulnerable Version Scanner

Marimo versions prior to 0.23.0 suffer from a remote code execution vulnerability. This tool scans the version to see if your installation is susceptible but does not provide any exploitation functionality...

DeepGuard Secure Code Generation

Large Language Models LLMs for code generation can replicate insecure patterns from their training data. To mitigate this, a common strategy for security hardening is to fine-tune models using supervision derived from the final transformer layer. However, this design may suffer from a final-layer...

Short Message Service (SMS) Phishing Attacks and Defenses: A Systematic Review

SMS Phishing also known as 'smishing' is a growing deceptive social engineering SE attack that leverages mobile SMS to conduct cybercrimes such as stealing sensitive information or spreading malware by tricking users into interacting with attackers' messages e.g., responding to or clicking URLs...

Totara LMS 19.1.5 Brute Force

Totara LMS versions 19.1.5 suffer from bypass and missing rate limiting in the login flow and due to this, is easily affected by brute forcing attacks...

Optimizing IoT Intrusion Detection with Tabular Foundation Models for Smart City Forensics

Security operations in smart cities demand detection systems that balance accuracy with response time. While ensemble methods like Random Forest achieve high accuracy, their computational overhead impedes real-time forensic triage. We present the first systematic evaluation of TabPFNv2.5, a...

RRC Steganography

This is a proof of concept tool called Rotation Range-Coding RRC Steganography - an efficient and provably secure linguistic steganographic method that embeds secret messages into natural-language text generated by large language models. Included is the whitepaper discussing this tool called...

Maestro 0.15.3

Maestro is a cross-platform desktop app for orchestrating your fleet of AI agents and projects. It's a high-velocity solution for hackers who are juggling multiple projects in parallel. Designed for power users who live on the keyboard and rarely touch the mouse. Collaborate with AI to create...

Falco 0.43.1

Sysdig Falco is a behavioral activity monitoring agent that is open source and comes with native support for containers. Falco lets you define highly granular rules to check for activities involving file and network activity, process execution, IPC, and much more, using a flexible syntax. Falco...

DSpace 5.x / 6.x Full Repository Extractor

This Python script is an automated extraction tool targeting a DSpace-based repository. It leverages an open Solr search query to enumerate repository item handles, then audits each item to discover and download associated bitstream files typically PDFs. The script also attempts sequence-based...

Tracing the Chain: Deep Learning for Stepping-Stone Intrusion Detection

Stepping-stone intrusions SSIs are a prevalent network evasion technique in which attackers route sessions through chains of compromised intermediate hosts to obscure their origin. Effective SSI detection requires correlating the incoming and outgoing flows at each relay host at extremely low fal...