Cross-Corpus Evaluation of Generalizable Vulnerability Detection in IoT Firmware

IoT firmware vulnerability detection remains challenging due to heterogeneous firmware ecosystems, resource-constrained platforms, and limitations in existing benchmarks. Many datasets are synthetic or general-purpose and lack human-verified, contamination-screened annotations, limiting evidence ...

Compositional Threat Analysis of Latent Compromise in LLM Agent Systems: The Order 66 Scenario

In the fictional Order 66, catastrophe does not arise from a powerful command alone: a trusted population is preconditioned, a short directive activates the concealed condition, and protective authority turns against the system. This paper translates that mechanism into an origin-neutral security...

Behavioral Residualization for Unsupervised Intrusion Detection in Automotive CAN Networks

Modern vehicles rely on the Controller Area Network CAN bus, whose design prioritizes low cost and real-time performance but provides no message authentication or encryption. An attacker with physical or remote access can therefore inject arbitrary frames, making intrusion detection an important...

A Security-Oriented Lifecycle Model for Large Language Model Systems

Large language models are being integrated into critical infrastructure and enterprise workflows at unprecedented scale,yet the lifecycle frameworks governing their development and operations were designed for operational efficiency rather than security analysis. As a result, security-relevant...

Breaking ACDGV MinRank Gabidulin Encryption Schemes over Matrix Codes

Enhanced Gabidulin Matrix Codes EGMC, introduced by Aragon, Couvreur, Dyseryn, Gaborit, and Vincotte at Asiacrypt 2024, were designed to hide the algebraic structure of Gabidulin matrix codes while enabling very compact McEliece- and Niederreiter-type encryption schemes, with ciphertexts as small...

WireGuardTCP

WireguardTCP adds an opt-in TCP path beneath the existing WireGuard encryption layer. Handshakes, keepalives, and encrypted data are framed inside a long-lived per-peer stream. UDP remains untouched and remains the default...

CodeQL 2.26.2

Discover vulnerabilities across a codebase with CodeQL, an industry-leading semantic code analysis engine. CodeQL lets you query code as though it were data. Write a query to find all variants of a vulnerability, eradicating it forever. Then share your query to help others do the same...

Technology-Enhanced Tabletop Exercises for Cybersecurity Education: Lessons Learned

This innovative practice full paper examines the integration of technology-enhanced tabletop exercises TTXs into computing education, focusing on cybersecurity curricula. The motivation is to better prepare students for complex, collaborative problem solving typical of incident response and IT...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:52.if_wg

FreeBSD Security Advisory - After dispatching a decrypt operation to OCF and receiving the result, the wg4 driver failed to check whether the MAC verification step succeeded. The driver thus silently accepted packets with an invalid Poly1305 authentication tag...

Nimux 1.0.3

Nimux is a native command surface for authorized security assessments. It combines network enumeration, credential validation, Active Directory operations, Kerberos workflows, remote execution, file movement, secrets collection, DCSync, GPO operations, database clients, and SOCKS routing into one...

Modeling Local Exploit Hazard - a Bayesian Framework for Quantifying Exploit Risk and Operational Efficiency

This paper presents a local exploit hazard model : a Bayesian framework that converts the global probabilities produced by an exploit likelihood model ELM, such as the Exploit Prediction Scoring System EPSS, into a daily exploit hazard rate for an organization's own assets. The model measures the...

On the Impact of Entropy-Based Features

Network anomaly detection is increasingly challenging due to the growing diversity and variability of traffic patterns, which are not always well captured by traditional statistical features. In this work, we explore the use of entropy as an additional feature to support supervised network traffi...

Qubes OS Security in the Public Record

Qubes OS is a revealing case for security measurement because its architecture makes component boundaries security-relevant. We present a protocol-driven longitudinal analysis of 109 public Qubes Security Bulletins QSBs, 2011--2025, the official Qubes-maintained Xen Security Advisory XSA tracker,...

How Agents Ask for Permission: User Permissions for AI Agents, from Interfaces to Enforcement

As AI agents gain prevalance, users are increasingly exposed to the risks such systems entail. Prompt injection attacks, as well as hallucination, can cause agents to leak private information to third parties. As autonomous systems, agents also present the more active danger of performing sensiti...

MIMEDefang Email Scanner 3.71

MIMEDefang is a flexible MIME email scanner designed to protect Windows clients from viruses. Includes the ability to do many other kinds of mail processing, such as replacing parts of messages with URLs. It can alter or delete various parts of a MIME message according to a very flexible...

Security Evaluation of Laser-Phase-Noise Quantum Random Number Generators with Intrinsic Correlations

Quantum random number generators are essential for achieving information-theoretical security in modern cryptographic systems. Among various implementations, laser phase noise schemes are widely favored for their simple architecture and high integration potential. However, the intrinsic...

Nebula AI-Powered Penetration Testing 2.0.0

Nebula is an advanced, AI-powered penetration testing open-source tool that revolutionizes penetration testing by integrating state-of-the-art AI models into your command-line interface. Designed for cybersecurity professionals, ethical hackers, and developers, Nebula automates vulnerability...

Neuro-Agentic Control: A Deep Learning-Based LLM-Powered Agentic AI Framework for Controlling Security Controls

Cyberattacks on operational technology are increasingly causing costly downtime and physical damage, exposing the limitations of traditional rule-based monitoring in industrial IoT environments. While Large Language Models LLMs have strong semantic reasoning abilities to assist in decision suppor...

VS Code 1.120.0 Security Audit and Integrity Scanner

This Python script performs a security audit of Visual Studio Code extensions by scanning installed extension directories, collecting metadata, and generating an integrity report...

Pardus Domain Joiner 0.5.2 Credential Disclosure

A security vulnerability has been identified in Pardus Domain Joiner version 0.5.2, where Active Directory administrative credentials are passed as plaintext command-line arguments during domain join and domain leave operations...

Overloading Large Vision-Language Models for Jailbreaking

Large Vision-Language Models LVLMs exhibit remarkable vision-language capabilities and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications such as personal assistants, document analysis systems, and embodied agents. However, their dual-modal attack surfaces make them vulnerable to jailbreak...

Gardyn IoT Log Disclosure

The Azure Blob Storage container used for Gardyn device logs is publicly listable without authentication. A malicious user can enumerate and read any device log file in the container. Logs were available from approximately May 2020 through disclosure 5+ years...

VeriChat: An Agentic Conversational AI Assistant for Hardware Security Verification

Hardware security verification is a multi-stage process in which engineers must navigate complex design analyses, threat considerations, and verification strategies. They often need security-focused guidance, yet current verification environments provide little structured support for such...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:41.libalias

FreeBSD Security Advisory - The RTSP handler in libalias rewrote outgoing packets into a fixed-length stack buffer without checking whether the rewritten data fit in the buffer, or whether the result fit back in the original packet...

A Multi-Task Mixture of Experts Framework for Malware Classification, Packing Detection, and Family Attribution

Malware classification remains a challenging problem due to its inherent heterogeneity, the presence of packed binaries, and the diverse distribution of malware families. Traditional single-model detection mechanisms often fail to generalize across such diverse data, leading to degraded...

Multi-Level Distributional Entropy for Explainable Network Intrusion Detection

Machine learning network intrusion detection systems IDS rely on aggregate flow statistics that discard distributional structure, while established entropy measures require raw packet sequences unavailable in pre-aggregated flow datasets. We propose Multi-Level Distributional Entropy MDE, an...

Wireless Backdoor Attack and Defense for Semantic Communications over Multiple Access Channel

Semantic communication SemCom aims to preserve semantic meaning and task-oriented information beyond conventional message recovery over wireless channels. The adoption of SemCom in shared-access wireless networks introduces new vulnerabilities for multi-user semantic inference. This paper conside...

Empirical Evaluation of Multi-Modal Touch Detection in Over-The-Shoulder Video Surveillance

Video Intelligence Surveillance VIDINT on over-the-shoulder footage is a proposed vector for monitoring human-computer interaction patterns without direct screen recording access. In this paper, we evaluate a Behavioral Intelligence BEHINT touch-detection framework designed to reconstruct keystro...

A Usable and Secure Bengali CAPTCHA

Text-based CAPTCHAs Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart have traditionally been a simple, affordable, lightweight, yet very effective security mechanism to distinguish human users from automated bots on the web, serving as a preventive measure against many...

Tool Use Enables Undetectable Steganography in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

Increasingly autonomous agentic AI systems pose novel multi-agent risks, such as secret collusion via covert communication channels. The natural defence to these collusion attempts is to monitor plain-text communication, but the efficacy of monitors has been called into doubt by increasingly...

DroidBreaker: Practical and Functional Problem-Space Attacks on Machine-Learning Android Malware Detectors

Adversarial APKs are Android applications modified in the problem space to evade machine-learning malware detectors. In this work, we first show that, despite claims, existing problem-space attacks remain largely impractical. Most techniques leverage software transplantation to inject entire beni...

HelpBench: Assessing the Ability of LLMs to Provide Privacy, Safety, and Security Advice

This paper introduces HelpBench, a benchmark for assessing whether LLMs are capable of providing accurate help in response to questions about digital privacy, safety, and security. We curated 450 questions representing authentic user situations and developed rubrics for each question to evaluate...

Burnyard: Future of Malware Analysis

Malware analysis is a critical aspect of modern cybersecurity. The prevailing industry practice, sandboxing, involves executing suspicious binaries within isolated virtual machines in large-scale data centers. However, this approach can unintentionally expose samples to public platforms such as...

Poisoned Playbooks: Demystifying Knowledge Poisoning Effects on AI Security Agents

AI security agents increasingly rely on Retrieval-Augmented Generation RAG to use external security knowledge for vulnerability analysis and exploit reasoning. This creates a new risk: poisoned write-ups can be operationalized into incorrect exploit behavior. Yet, prior work on RAG poisoning has...

CITADEL: CSI-Based Jamming Detection and Open-Set Classification for IIoT Networks

Radio frequency jamming poses a critical threat to the availability of wireless Industrial Internet of Things IIoT networks. Existing detection and classification techniques are poorly suited to this setting: coarse signal-strength and cross-layer features lack information richness, while raw I/Q...

TOTOLink N300RH Endpoint Scanner

This Metasploit auxiliary module is a safe scanner designed to detect TOTOLINK N300RH devices by identifying web interface fingerprints. It checks for indicators like TOTOLINK or N300RH in HTTP responses and verifies whether the setWiFiBasicConfig CGI endpoint is accessible...

VS Code Extension Persistence Installer

This Python3 script acts as a persistence mechanism that creates and installs a custom VS Code extension designed to execute a specified operating system command whenever VS Code starts. The script generates a new extension, configures it to activate automatically, registers it with VS Code, and...

CNnotator: LLM-Guided Memory Safety Annotation Synthesis

Memory safety errors account for a large proportion of security bugs in systems written in C; modern languages such as Java and Rust prevent such bugs because they are memory-safe by design. To migrate systems to safer languages or identify memory errors, we must first determine how legacy code...

American Fuzzy Lop plus plus 5.01c

Google's American Fuzzy Lop is a brute-force fuzzer coupled with an exceedingly simple but rock-solid instrumentation-guided genetic algorithm. afl++ is a superior fork to Google's afl. It has more speed, more and better mutations, more and better instrumentation, custom module support, etc...

A Data-Driven Security Quantification Framework for IoT-Based Systems

The Internet of Things IoT is integral to modern cyber-physical systems. Quantitative cybersecurity assessment in IoT environments remains challenging due to heterogeneous system architectures, evolving threat landscapes, and the limited availability of reliable probabilistic exploitability data...

ngxray Vulnerability Scanner

ngxray is a static vulnerability scanner for nginx configurations. It parses configs with nginx's own tokenizer and matches against declarative JSON rules to detect known CVEs in rewrite/script engine directive patterns...

Side-Channel Attacks Bypass Protection in 3D Printers

Active Motor Noise Cancellation AMNC ships in commercial fused deposition modeling FDM 3D printers as a hardware countermeasure against acoustic side-channel attacks that target intellectual property IP. We present the first empirical evaluation of a deployed AMNC countermeasure, using a public...

The Emergence of Autonomous Penetration Capabilities in Large Language Model-Powered AI Systems

Nowadays, the autonomous execution of cyberattacks capable of causing substantial real-world harm is widely regarded as one of the critical red lines that frontier AI systems must not cross. Within this broader red-line scenario, autonomous penetration represents a core enabling capability and...

A Robust Framework for Sybil Attack Detection in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Sybil attacks create an illusion of traffic congestion by utilizing fake identities, which undermines the reliable and safe operation of vehicular ad hoc networks VANETs. Existing detection mechanisms struggle to effectively handle Sybil attacks as they are i susceptible to high false positive...

ACPM Multithreaded Minimal Transfer Stress Tester

This C program is a lightweight multi-threaded stress test designed to evaluate concurrent behavior of the acpmdoxfer interface under repeated small-size transfer operations across multiple threads sharing the same ACPM handle...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:27.sound

FreeBSD Security Advisory - The sound4 driver contained two memory-safety errors in its mmap2 support. First, dspmmapsingle validated the requested mapping by checking the sum of the user-supplied offset and length against the buffer size. This addition could overflow, so that a large offset and...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:29.ip6_multicast

FreeBSD Security Advisory - The kernel handler for IPV6MSFILTER dropped a serializing lock in order to copy the source-filter list from userspace, then reacquired the lock. During this window another thread could free the multicast filter structure, leaving the handler with a stale pointer to fre...

phpVMS 7.0.5 Security Exposure Scanner

This script is a non-destructive security scanner designed to assess phpVMS installations by performing read-only HTTP requests. It fingerprints targets using known phpVMS-related signatures and checks for the presence and accessibility of common importer and administration endpoints...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-26:34.vt

FreeBSD Security Advisory - The CONSHISTORY ioctl handler did not adequately validate the requested history size. A large value caused an integer overflow in the buffer size calculation, resulting in a heap allocation smaller than expected. Subsequent initialization of the buffer wrote beyond the...

Secrets Best Not Shared: DNS Privacy Enhancements for the Constrained IoT

Attackers often identify DNS traffic to disrupt or compromise Internet services. While prior work has focused on encrypting queries using DNS over TLS, HTTPS, or QUIC to counter such attacks, we consider IETF protocols designed for resource-constrained IoT devices and empirically analyze the...