doRebalance in Talos is vulnerable to Flash loan Attacks resulting loss of funds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Loss of funds due to MEV Sandwich attacks. Proof of Concept Rebalancing is done using doRebalance method in TalosStrategySimple. File: TalosStrategySimple.sol function doRebalance internal override returns uint256 amount0, uint256 amount1 int24...

FlywheelAcummulatedRewards/FlywheelBribeRewards gains are instantaneous and can be frontrun

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact FlywheelAcummulatedRewards/FlywheelBribeRewards gains are instantaneous and can be frontrun. The user only needs to frontrun the delegate before each incentive is distributed to get the incentive, and there is no way to prevent the user from undelegating...

Reentrancy Vulnerability: The contract inherits from the ReentrancyGuard contract, which smay be vulnerable to reentrancy attacks if not properly handled in the contract's logic.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The impact of the reentrancy vulnerability in the incrementGaugeWeight function can be summarized as follows: Loss of Funds: Attackers can drain funds from the contract or manipulate balances. Unexpected State Changes: Manipulation of variables can lead ...

First user can drain funds from staking contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If the first user locks an extremely small amount of tokens 1 wei, he can manipulate the reward that is supposed to receive. After locking a small amount, he can unlock it before the second user interacts with the contract. See PoC for more details. Note...

Lack of input validation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There is no input sanitizer implemented for the transfertypes.FungibleTokenPacketData data variable. Proof of Concept After "unmarshaling" the packet, which checks if there is an error, it is used right away without further checking the fields inside it,...

User with canto balance under the treshold will receive 4 canto for every transaction wich will be included in a block

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact User, who decided to send several different tokens in the canto network at the same time and who has canto balance under the threshold, will receive 4 canto for every transaction which satisfies other onboarding conditions token type, tokens amount, in...

Pre-defined limit is different from the spec.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In the spec, the pre-defined limit of ETH is 0.01 ETHs. But the actual limit in the code is not 0.01 ETH which could result in misleading. Proof of Concept In the spec, it said that the pre-defined limit of ETH is 0.01 ETHs For risk management purposes, ...

doesn't handle when value of reservePool returned is nil

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact inputReserve and outputReserve is gotten from the reservePool return However reservePool could be nil and since not handled or checked it results to inaccurate inputReserve and outputReserve Proof of Concept inputReserve and outputReserve are gotten usin...

M-02 Unmitigated

Lines of code Vulnerability details Mitigation of M-02: Issue partially mitigated, see comments Link to Issue: code-423n4/2023-05-ambire-findings18 Comments While the issue mentioned in M-02 has been technically mitigated, the same attack can be performed in another function present in the wallet...

M-03 Unmitigated

Lines of code Vulnerability details Mitigation of M-03: Issue not mitigated, see comments Link to Issue: code-423n4/2023-05-ambire-findings16 Comments The issue is not mitigated. There is an error in the implementation of the mitigation of M-03. See report adriro-MR-M-03-ERROR for details. Assess...

M-05 Unmitigated

Lines of code Vulnerability details Mitigation of M-05: Issue NOT mitigated Mitigated issue M-05: Virgin stake can claim all drops Fix: code-423n4/2023-05-xeth@aebc324 The issue is that if dripping is enabled when totalSupply == 0 the entire amount dripped will immediately accrue to the first...

M-05 Unmitigated

Lines of code Vulnerability details The mitigation makes accrueDrip is disable until the totalSupply 0. But the lastReport blocknumber is not updated. So all the dripped rewards still are collected by the first staker when the drip modifier is called at the second time. Impact If wxETH drips when...

Using transferFrom on ERC721 tokens transfer

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The transferFrom method is used instead of safeTransferFrom which is not recommended. It can result in loss of NFT if the address is not able to handle the received NFT. OpenZeppelin’s documentation discourages the use of transferFrom, use safeTransferFr...

The low-level call returns true if the address does not exist

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact As written in the Solidity documentation , the call, delegatecall and staticcall low-level functions return true as its first return value if the account being invoked does not exist, as part of the design of the EVM. The existence of the account must be...

The claim() function has a reentrancy vulnerability

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The claim function has a reentrancy vulnerability . In the function, the UtilLib.sendValue function is called before emitting the Claimed event. This violates the "check-effect-interaction" model, which is a best practice for secure smart contract...

Centralization risk for trusted owners

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description: Contracts have owners that have privileged rights to perform admin tasks. These owners need to be trusted to not perform malicious updates or drain funds. Having a single Externally Owned Account EOA as the sole owner represents a significant...

Upgraded Q -> 3 from #240 [1686228527253]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 240 as 3 risk. The relevant finding follows: L-01 --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

Upgraded Q -> 2 from #23 [1686021624118]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 23 as 2 risk. The relevant finding follows: rageQuit cannot transfer ERC1155 fungible tokens --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

[M-01] Unprotected function in Constructor

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact anyone can deploy the contract, potentially with malicious intent. Proof of Concept The constructor is not protected by any access control mechanism. Recommended Mitigation Steps Add access control to the constructor, such as an Ownable pattern, to ensur...

addCredit() DOS Attack

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact DOS Attack Proof of Concept addCredit can be called by anyone, and the msg.value is as small as 1 wei. Users can modify Lien at a small cost, causing the value stored in lienslienId=keccak256abi.encodelien to change By front-run, the normal user's...

Marketplace may call onERC721Received() and create a lien during buyNftFromMarket(), creating divergence

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The contract supports a "push-based" NFT supply, where the price and rate are embedded in the data bytes. This way, the lender doesn't need to additionally approve the NFT but can just transfer it directly to the contract. However, since the contract als...

_initiateBridgeERC20() does not check if _remoteToken is valid. When the message send to L2, it will cause user lossing funds in L1

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact initiateBridgeERC20 does not check if remoteToken is valid. When the message send to L2, it will cause user lossing funds in L1 Proof of Concept As we can see, theinitiateBridgeERC20 just check isOptimismMintableERC20localToken,if valid ,it will call...

Lender can front-run calls to auctionBuyNft() to DoS auctions

Lines of code Vulnerability details Lender can front-run calls to auctionBuyNft to DoS auctions Lenders can DoS auction offers by resetting the auction process. Impact The Particle protocol allows lenders to auction their loans in case any interested party wants to repay the NFT of the loan. The...

Rage quitter loses his claimable share of distributed tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Rage quitter loses his claimable share of distributed tokens. Proof of Concept PartyGovernanceNFT.rageQuit burns a governance NFT and transfers its share of the balance of ETH and tokens: // Burn caller's party card. This will revert if caller is not the...

The distribution logic will be broken after calling rageQuit()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Malicious users might receive more distributed funds than they should with higher distributionShare. Proof of Concept In PartyGovernanceNFT.sol, there is a getDistributionShareOf function to calculate the distribution share of party NFT. function...

Rage quitting availability cannot be reliably guaranteed

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The host can block specific rage quits, invalidating some of the security offered by the rage quit functionality. Proof of Concept Rage quitting is only allowed before rageQuitTimestamp or if permanently enabled: // Check if ragequit is allowed. uint40...

Rage quit modifications should be limited to provide stronger guarantees to party members

Lines of code Vulnerability details Rage quit modifications should be limited to provide stronger guarantees to party members Party hosts can arbitrarily change the rage quit settings overriding any existing preset. Impact Rage quit is implemented in the PartyGovernanceNFT contract by using a...

Overflow in _swap() change the behavior of pool.swap()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In swap, amountSpecified is set to int256data.amount.value. But data.amount.value is an uint256. If data.amount.value is bigger than typeint256.max, amountSpecified becomes a negative value due to overflow. And a negative amountSpecified means a complete...

Upgraded Q -> 2 from #404 [1684435083624]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 404 as 2 risk. The relevant finding follows: Global Budget Constraint is said to be 2% in Docs But It Is 3% in The code Description: In the docs it is mentioned that Global Budget Constraint should be 2% but in the code here it is hardcoded to 3%. --- The text...

totalBorrows is not deducted properly when Comptroller#healAccount is called

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact TotalBorrowed in VToken is not accounted properly when healAccount is called. Proof of Concept ComptrollerhealAccount intends to forgive the debt of the account if the debt goes far too underwater. When that happens, the collateral is seized, some of the...

Missing Proposal Validations in Funding Contract.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The Funding.sol contract's validateCallDatas function validates the targets, values, and calldatas parameters for a proposal but does not check if the proposal is valid based on the current state of the contract. For example, it does not check if the...

Upgraded Q -> 2 from #49 [1683711003164]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 49 as 2 risk. The relevant finding follows: QA9. hexStringToBytes32 fails to check that range idx, lastIdx is within 32 bytes range and thus the returned r will fit into bytes32. Mitigation: Introduce the check: function hexStringToBytes32 bytes memory str,...

Mitigation Confirmed for H-06

Fix looks good. Root issue was assume 1:1 peg for stETH. This has been fixed by getting true price of stETH from chainlink oracle. --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

Mitigation of M-04: Mitigation error

MITIGATION IS NOT CONFIRMED MITIGATION IS NOT CONFIRMED Mitigation of M-04: Mitigation error Link to Issue: code-423n4/2023-03-asymmetry-findings932 Comments Even though the original issue is mitigated, as the exchange through Uniswap V3 has been completely removed in favor of using...

Fully qualified domain names are incorrectly resolved

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A relative domain name like foo.eth becomes fully qualified if it ends with a dot, e.g. foo.eth., although this might seem unfamiliar to some, it's the standard and part of the DNS specification, see Fully qualified domain name, Trailing Dots in Domain...

SHA-1 chosen prefix collision

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact An attacker can claim DNS names signed with SHA-1 algorithms 5 and 7 which he does not own. Proof of Concept SHA-1 has been broken for chosen prefix collision. This means that an attacker can have his parent domain, if it signs with SHA-1, sign an RRset...

SHA1 Hashing Algorithm vulnerable to Length Extension Attack

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The implementation of the SHA1 hashing algorithm in the code has a significant impact as it is vulnerable to the length extension attack. This attack enables us to create a new hash for an extended message without altering the existing hash, even though ...

Offchain resolver can be subject to man in the middle attacks

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description Calls to the offchain resolver are produced by the code below: function resolve bytes calldata name, bytes calldata data external view returns bytes memory string memory urls = new string; urls0 = gatewayURL; revert OffchainLookup addressthis, urls,...

verifySignatureWithKey - RRSIG RR's Signer's Name is never checked if it matches owner name

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact According to RFC 4035 and as mentioned in the comments in function "verifySignatureWithKey" , the Signer's name should also be checked if it matches the owner name. If the Signer's Name field of an RRSIG record does not match the owner name of a DNSKEY...

No check for minPrice and maxPrice in the deposit() function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact No check for minPrice and maxPrice in the deposit function could lead to unexpected consequences Proof of Concept In the function deposit function deposit address payable privatePool, address nft, uint256 calldata tokenIds, uint256 minPrice, uint256...

Zero value used for sqrtPriceLimitX96

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In swapExactInputSingleHop in Reth.sol the sqrtPriceLimitX96 parameter is set to 0 which is useful for testing but can lead to price manipulation attacks. From the uniswap docs: In production, this value can be used to set the limit for the price the swa...

dMute.sol: Attacker can push lock items to victim's array such that redemptions are forever blocked

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact This report deals with how an attacker can abuse the fact that he can lock MUTE tokens for any other user and thereby push items to the array of UserLockInfo structs of the user. There are two functions in the dMute contract that iterate over all items i...

And all this assembly shall know that the OWNER SafEth not with derivatives: for the derivative is the OWNER'S, and he will rebalanceToWeights it into his EOA.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The owner of SafEth can at any time steal all staked funds. Proof of Concept SafEth.addDerivative allows the owner to add any derivative contract, such as one where he can withdraw all IDerivative.deposit-ed funds. SafEth.adjustWeights allows the owner t...

poolPrice in Reth.sol can overflow and revert

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact To determine the value of sqrtPriceX96 that will cause an overflow, we need to analyze the calculation in the function: sqrtPriceX96 uintsqrtPriceX96 1e18 96 2 The maximum value for a uint256 is 2^256 - 1. An overflow occurs when the result of the...

Division before multiplication truncate minOut and incurs heavy precision loss and result in insufficient slippage protection

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact When Calcuting the minOut before doing trade, Division before multiplication truncate minOut and incurs heavy precision loss, then very sub-optimal amount of the trade output can result in loss of fund from user because of the insufficient slippage...

(Pseudo) Random Number Generator can be gamed, allowing a user to target desirable NFT traits

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. The iteratePRNG function in the Utils.sol library is used in Tray.sol:drawing, which is used to determine the tile data that a user gets when they purchase an NFT in Tray.sol:buy. An attacker can exploi...

Multiplier must be capped to prevent expected payout exceeding ticket price

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Expected payout may be greater than ticket price, bankrupting the lottery. Proof of Concept ticketsSold determines the multiplier to be used when calculating non jackpot rewards LotteryMath.solL84: bonusMulti += excessPot EXCESSBONUSALLOCATION /...

Calculation in calculateNewProfit function is broken when jackpot is not won

Lines of code Vulnerability details The function calculateNewProfit present in the LotteryMath library is used when finalizing the current draw in the Lottery to track and update the currentNetProfit variable in the contract. function calculateNewProfit int256 oldProfit, uint256 ticketsSold,...

Ticket: Owner of winning ticket can frontrun secondary sales

Lines of code Vulnerability details The Wenwin docs note that tickets "can be traded on the secondary market before or after the draw," since they are standard ERC721 tokens. After a ticket draw, the owner of a winning ticket may call LotteryclaimWinningTickets, which transfers lottery winnings t...

Centralization Risk for trusted owners

Lines of code https://github.com/code-423n4/2023-02-ethos/blob/73687f32b934c9d697b97745356cdf8a1f264955/Ethos...