[WP-H6] Swapper can be used to steal all the funds from the contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details function swapTokensGenericLiFiData memory lifiData, LibSwap.SwapData calldata swapData public payable uint256 receivingAssetIdBalance = LibAsset.getOwnBalancelifiData.receivingAssetId; // Swap executeSwapslifiData, swapData; uint256 postSwapBalance =...

Spreads can be minted with a deactivated oracle

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact When deactivateOracle is called for an oracle in OracleRegistry it is still available for option spreads minting. This way a user can continue to mint new options within spreads that rely on an oracle that was deactivated. As economic output of spreads i...

Chainlink pricer is using a deprecated API

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact According to Chainlink's documentation, the latestAnswer function is deprecated. This function might suddenly stop working if Chainlink stop supporting deprecated APIs. And the old API can return stale data. Proof of Concept Tools Used None Recommended...

Incorrect implementation of Lender can result in lost tokens

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact MapleLoanInternals.sendFee should check returnData.length == 32 before decoding, otherwise if it returns bytes data, the abi.decode will return 0x20, result in lost tokens. Proof of Concept This contract can test that when the function returns bytes data...

Possible Wrong bAsset Rewards/Borrow limits Calculation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact During the code review, It has been observed that reward calculation has been done with executeepochoperations function. However, the config are stored in the storage. When the ancpurchasefactor is updated by the owner, the executeepochoperations is not...

LockedBalance library should drop parameters to 96/32 bits

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The LockedBalance contract takes 256-bit amount values but performs bit math on them as if they were 96 bit values. Bits could spill over to a different locked balance in the else part lockedBalance stores two 128-bit locked balances in one 256-bit stora...

VUSD.processWithdrawals() Can Be Filled With Empty Withdrawals

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The processWithdrawals function intends to allow for users to finalise their withdrawal in a canonical fashion. By enforcing the order of withdrawals, the protocol can ensure that users are paid out fairly. However, because the function only allows for...

ERC20 decimals can be different than 18

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact setDefaultFeePercentage, setCustomFeePercentageForCollateral, setCustomFeePercentageForSafe functions assume that the underlying ERC20 token has 18 decimal digits. Whilst this is true most of the time, an ERC20 token can have a different decimals value...

[WP-H7] InsuranceFund#syncDeps() may cause users' fund loss

Lines of code Vulnerability details function syncDepsIRegistry registry public onlyGovernance vusd = IERC20registry.vusd; marginAccount = registry.marginAccount; The Governance address can call InsuranceFund.solsyncDeps to change the contract address of vusd anytime. However, since the tx to set ...

Assets sent from MarginAccount to InsuranceFund will be locked forever

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Assets sent from MarginAccount to InsuranceFund will be locked forever Proof of Concept The insurance fund doesn't have a way to transfer non-vusd out of the contract. Assets transferred to the InsuranceFund will be locked forever. Mitigation Have a way...

liquidation is vulnerable to sandwich attacks

Lines of code Vulnerability details when an account is liquidated, there is no minimum amount of the swap, which makes it vulnerable for sandwich attacks. Proof of Concept Alice's long position can be liquidated, bob notices it and creates a short position, then liquidates her position, thus...

Reentrancy in depositBribeERC20 function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact depositBribeERC20 function in BriveVault is reentrant in line 187, where an address supplied by the caller is called. A bad actor that has DEPOSITORROLE and is a contract can execute a folowing attack: 1. Create a dummy token contract, reentrant in the...

Same reward token in pools can break accounting

Lines of code Vulnerability details The ConvexStakingWrapper contract uses several reward pool tokens rewardspidindex.token and it can be that the same token is used for different pids. Indeed, the CVX/CRV tokens are always at index 0 and 1. The rewards will be distributed to the first pool id pi...

UniV2ClassDex.sol#uniClassSell() Tokens with fee on transfer are not fully supported

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details function uniClassSellDexInfo memory dexInfo, address buyToken, address sellToken, uint sellAmount, uint minBuyAmount, address payer, address payee internal returns uint buyAmount address pair = getUniClassPairbuyToken, sellToken, dexInfo.factory;...

Arbitrary call

Handle Tomio Vulnerability details Impact In the https://github.com/code-423n4/2022-01-yield/blob/main/contracts/ConvexModule.solL15 the addVault take 2 parameters as input, convexStakingWrapper, and vaultId, however the convexStakingWrapper is user controllable therefore the user could make an...

[WP-H1] The value of LP token can be manipulated by the first minister, which allows the attacker to dilute future liquidity providers' shares

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details For the first minter of an Exchange pool, the ratio of X/Y and the totalSupply of the LP token can be manipulated. A sophisticated attacker can mint and burn all of the LP tokens but 1 Wei, and then artificially create a situation of rebasing up by transferri...

Unchecked returns in multiple place

Handle 0v3rf10w Vulnerability details Impact Multiple checks needed Proof of Concept L1LPTGateway.outboundTransferaddress,address,uint256,uint256,uint256,bytes contracts/L1/gateway/L1LPTGateway.sol80-123 ignores return value by TokenLikel1Token.transferFromfrom,l1LPTEscrow,amount...

Unsafe mint is a reentrancy door

Handle pedroais Vulnerability details Impact Dangerous external calls in the middle of various state changes could cause reentrancy issues since there is no reentrancy guard in any functions. Proof of Concept When users call the deposit or sponsor functions a deposit NFT is minted. The safeMint...

No slippage protection on _swapUstToUnderlying can lead to lost funds

Handle harleythedog Vulnerability details Impact The function swapUstToUnderlying exists to swap Ust to underlying tokens. The last argument to exchangeunderlying is mindy, which specifies the minimum number of underlying to be returned from the swap. Currently, this value is set to 0, so the...

Unbounded loop on array can lead to DoS

Handle robee Vulnerability details The attacker can push unlimitedly to an array, that some function loop over this array. If increasing the array size enough, calling the function that does a loop over the array will always revert since there is a gas limit. This is an High Risk issue since thos...

Reentrancy allows attacker to lock the funds deposited in the contract

Handle tqts Vulnerability details Impact It is possible for attackers to exploit a reentrancy issue in lockuint256,uint256,address that would allow them to lock all funds deposited prior to the attack. Proof of Concept The problem lies in the lockuint256,uint256,address function, that transfers t...

In the lend() function state updates are made after the callback

Handle jayjonah8 Vulnerability details Impact In TimeswapPair.sol, the lend function has a callback to the msg.sender in the middle of the function while there are still updates to state that take place after the callback. The lock modifier guards against reentrancy but not against cross function...

Council veto protection does not work

Handle TomFrenchBlockchain Vulnerability details Impact Council can veto proposals to remove them to remain in power. Proof of Concept The Vader governance contract has the concept of a "council" which can unilaterally accept or reject a proposal. To prevent a malicious council preventing itself...

It might not be possible to withdraw tokens from the basket

Handle Czar102 Vulnerability details Impact When enough basket token owners exit, it will be impossible to exit pool with the last MINAMOUNT tokens because of this check. This will result in locking some tokens forever. Recommended Mitigation Steps Consider resigning from this check or performing...

denial of service

Handle certora Vulnerability details the balance of outputToken is checked to be exactly joinTokenStruct.outputAmount. It is not recommeded and it's better to use = Impact The worst scenario is a denial of service in case there is already an amount of the output token in the contract. It is easil...

No checks if given product is created by the factory

Handle 0x0x0x Vulnerability details An attacker can create a fake product. Collateral contract does not check whether the given product is created by the factory. A malicious product can return arbitrary maintenance amounts, therefore they can make any deposit to fake product stuck simply return...

It is possible to liquidate not existing account

Handle 0x0x0x Vulnerability details It is possible to liquidate an address for any product when collateral = maintenance = 0. So in other words, if a user have never used a product and deposited collateral, the user can get liquidated blacklisted from the product by anyone, since a liquidated...

Allowing more than 256 epochs leads to loss of funds

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The TwabRewards contract has an implicit restriction of 256 epochs per promotion as it uses a bitmask in a uint256 to mark claimed epochs 0-255, see isClaimedEpoch. "/// @dev We pack epochs claimed by a user into a uint256. So we can't store more than 255...

Auction.sol#settleAuction() Bonder may not be able to settle a bonded auction, leading to loss of funds

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details uint256 a = factory.auctionMultiplier basket.ibRatio; uint256 b = bondBlock - auctionStart BASE / factory.auctionDecrement; uint256 newRatio = a - b; address memory pendingTokens, uint256 memory pendingWeights, uint256 minIbRatio = basket.getPendingWeights;...

Wrong calculation of excess depositToken allows stream creator to retrieve depositTokenFlashloanFeeAmount, which may cause fund loss to users

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details uint256 excess = ERC20token.balanceOfaddressthis - depositTokenAmount - redeemedDepositTokens; In the current implementation, depositTokenFlashloanFeeAmount is not excluded when calculating excess depositToken. Therefore, the stream creator can call...

global unstreamed value is not updated after stream depositor withdraws an amount

Handle hubble Vulnerability details Impact Value of unstreamed public variable is not correct after stream depositor withdraws an amount before end of the stream. Proof of Concept File :Locke.sol Contract / Function : Stream / withdraw Line : 469 totalVirtualBalance -= virtualBal;...

Tokens can be stolen when depositToken == rewardToken

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The Streaming contract allows the deposit and reward tokens to be the same token. I believe this is intended, think Sushi reward on Sushi as is the case with xSushi. The reward and deposit balances are also correctly tracked independently in depositTokenAmount...

unstreamed variable is not updated in withdraw function

Handle csanuragjain Vulnerability details Impact Contract variable unstreamed is not updated in withdraw function which can lead to unstability Proof of Concept 1. Observe the stake function of Stream contract function stakeuint112 amount public lock updateStreammsg.sender ... unstreamed +=...

Reward token not correctly recovered

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The Streaming contract allows recovering the reward token by calling recoverTokensrewardToken, recipient. However, the excess amount is computed incorrectly as ERC20token.balanceOfaddressthis - rewardTokenAmount + rewardTokenFeeAmount: function...

Malt Protocol Uses Stale Results From MaltDataLab Which Can Be Abused By Users

Handle leastwood Vulnerability details Impact MaltDataLab integrates several MovingAverage contracts to fetch sensitive data for the Malt protocol. Primary data used by the protocol consists of the real value for LP tokens, the average price for Malt and average reserve ratios. trackMaltPrice,...

RewardReinvestor.provideReinvest and splitReinvest are vulnerable to sandwich attacks as market price isn't checked

Handle hyh Vulnerability details Impact Liquidity provision can happen at a manipulated price which leads to immediate loss for liquidity provider i.e. IL happens right after liquidity provision in this case. This yields direct loss for an LP account owner, for example schematically: 0. Suppose...

Fees can be more than 100%

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The Overlayv1Mothership.adjustGlobalParams function allows setting a fee and feeBurn that is greater than 100%. Recommended Mitigation Steps Validate that fee and feeBurn is less than ONE = 1e18. --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were...

function mint() No Tokens Will be Transfer to _recipient

Handle Meta0xNull Vulnerability details Impact mintrecipient, amount; At the end of mint, mint seems like responsible to transfer tokens to recipient but there is no code no function of mint in this contract. Thus No Tokens Will be Transfer to recipient. recipient who do not Receive Their Tokens...

ERC20.transfer return value is ignored

Handle pants Vulnerability details ERC20 transfer and transferFrom return values are ignored. There is no whitelist, therefore users can use ERC20 tokens that transfer/transferFrom returns False instead of revert. for example: YaxisVoteProxy.sol line 55 MetaVault.sol line 579 MockPickleJar.sol li...

Governor's veto protection can be exploited

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The GovernorAlpha's council cannot veto proposals that perform a call to the contract itself. This can be exploited by malicious proposal creators by appending a new call at the end of their proposal that simply calls an innocent function like...

Wrong design of swap() results in unexpected and unfavorable outputs

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details The current formula to calculate the amountOut for a swap is: function calculateSwap uint256 amountIn, uint256 reserveIn, uint256 reserveOut public pure returns uint256 amountOut // x Y X uint256 numerator = amountIn reserveIn reserveOut; // x + X ^ 2 uint256...

Early user can break addLiquidity

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details uint256 totalLiquidityUnits = totalSupply; if totalLiquidityUnits == 0 liquidity = nativeDeposit; // TODO: Contact ThorChain on proper approach In the current implementation, the first liquidity takes the nativeDeposit amount and uses it directly. However,...

Unsafe token transfer

Handle WatchPug Vulnerability details Calling ERC20.transfer without handling the returned value is unsafe. function processWithdrawal uint era, uint day, address member private returns uint value uint memberUnits = mapEraDayMemberUnitseradaymember; // Get Member Units if memberUnits == 0 value =...

Contract Selfdestruct via delegatecall

Handle elprofesor Vulnerability details Impact Using a malicious Module the ModuleRegistry admin can trigger a selfdestruct via delegate call in the Executioner.sol contract. ModuleRegistry and Executioner separate the logic between ModuleRegistry.sol admin and systems admin. Executioner.sol reli...

Lack Of Return Value Check On the Oracle

Handle defsec Vulnerability details Impact During the code review, It has been seen that oracle return value has not been checked on the function. If oracle is returned price as a 0, balance of shares will be zero. Proof of Concept 1. Navigate to "" 2. The return value pricePerShare function has...

fillZrxQuote doesn't return correct values when zrxSellTokenAddress == zrxBuyTokenAddress

Handle harleythedog Vulnerability details Impact Suppose that swapByQuote is called with zrxSellTokenAddress == zrxBuyTokenAddress, and neither of these addresses "signifiesETHOrZero". The contract first transfers amountToSell of these tokens from the sender's account into the contract and update...

Unable to redeem rest funds if deposited reward is not multiplier of allocatedTokensPerEpoch

Handle xYrYuYx Vulnerability details Impact Owner will deposit any amount of reward if amount is greater than allocatedTokensPerEpoch. This means that it is possible that owner can sent amount which is not multiplier of allocatedTokensPerEpoch. For example, when allocatedTokensPerEpoch is 1 CQT,...

Auction bonder can steal user funds if bond block is high enough

Handle kenzo Vulnerability details After an auction has started, as time passes and according to the bondBlock, newRatio which starts at 2ibRatio gets smaller and smaller and therefore less and less tokens need to remain in the basket. This is not capped, and after a while, newRatio can become...

ConcentratedLiquidityPool: secondsPerLiquidity should be modified whenever pool liquidity changes

Handle hickuphh3 Vulnerability details Impact secondsPerLiquidity is updated as such: secondsPerLiquidity += uint160diff 128 / liquidity; where diff = timestamp - uint256lastObservation. Hence, whenever liquidity changes, secondsPerLiquidity should be updated prior to the change. In particular,...

ERC20 return values not checked

Handle cmichel Vulnerability details The ERC20.transfer and ERC20.transferFrom functions return a boolean value indicating success. This parameter needs to be checked for success. Some tokens do not revert if the transfer failed but return false instead. This value is not checked throughout the...