StakedUSDe.totalSupply() may decrease below MIN_SHARES by StakedUSDe.redistributeLockedAmount.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact StakedUSDe runs checkMinShares in deposit and withdraw to keep the totalSupply more than MINSHARES, 1e18. It is to prevent an ERC4626 inflation attack. However, StakedUSDe.redistributeLockedAmountuser, address0 burns all the user's shares and decreases t...

vesting amount is overwritten when rewards are transferred consecutively before a user redeems thereby increasing/decreasing the totalAssets value than it actually should be

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In StakedUSDe there is a special rewarder role that can transfer additional usde as rewards for users who have staked usde tokens, now consider a scenario where a rewarder transfers 2 usde to the contract and the vesting period of 8 hours pass and the...

Deploying a market with a non-ERC20 asset can cause incorrect interaction with asset

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The market contract may expect certain ERC20 functions to be present and behave in a specific way. If the asset contract does not adhere to the ERC20 standard, the market may behave unexpectedly, resulting in incorrect token balances, pricing, or other...

Sanctionned funds keep earning APR, and protocol earning fees on these funds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact When a user is sanctioned, if he has a scaledBalance not in the withdrawal queue, calling the nukeFromOrbit function will send sanctioned funds to an escrow contract, and these funds will keep earning APR. This is because when a deposit is executed, the...

Uninitialized State Variables

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact in The resetTmpMarketParameters function is an internal function, which means it can only be called from within the WildcatMarketController contract itself. If a child contract inherits from WildcatMarketController and calls resetTmpMarketParameters befo...

On repaying and taking collateral there is 2 times modifying tokenCollateral[cType][account/sourse]this lead to a problem

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact when you are repaying your tokenCollateralcTypeaccount is modified 2 times, which leads to incorrect data Proof of Concept On calling repayAllDebtAndFreeTokenCollateral or repayDebtAndFreeTokenCollateral first you are calling modifySAFECollateralization...

The GovernorSettings are set to incorrect values

Lines of code Vulnerability details When ODGovernor is deployed the GovernorSettings is initialized with the initialVotingDelay, initialVotingPeriod and initialProposalThreshold. The problem is that the initialVotingDelay and initialVotingPeriod are set to incorrect values which are really small...

Null VotiumStrategy deposits revert

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Deposits which attempt to deposit 0 in VotiumStrategy revert. Proof of concept The issue is similar to H-02: Zero amount withdrawals of SafEth or Votium will brick the withdraw process. Depositing in AfEth might call VotiumStrategy.deposit1 if the ratio ...

Insufficient validation of contracts when setting authorised address.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact governance can set Malicious contract as authorised address and since the AddressProvider.sol is a singular source of truth an attacker can craft an exploit to abuse authorizedAddress privileges. Proof of Concept A miniaturised POC is shown below. in the...

ExecutorPlugin missing payable when execute the transaction

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. Proof of Concept executeTransaction in ExecutorPlugin is meant to execute transaction but in executeTxnAsModule function executeTxnAsModuleaddress account, Types.Executable memory executable internal...

DoS issue presented in Brahma's latest audit still has potential control flow paths that can lead to same vulnerability

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Detailed description of the impact of this finding. Proof of Concept Following the "ConsoleAccount execTransaction" flow outlined via Brahma's Architecture diagram, as we can see: calling execTransaction calls checkTransaction function on...

Airdropped Gas will remain in the Agent in case of failure

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The protocol uses LayerZeros Airdrop mechanism to send gas to BridgeAgents which they need to pay for subsequential cross-chain-messages. If the transaction on the receiver fails, this airdropped gas will remain in the BridgeAgent and can be used up by t...

No access control on protocolCmd and userCmd; potential for abuse.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There is no access control on the protocolCmd and userCmd functions in LiquidityMiningPath. This means anyone can call them. There should be some checks to restrict access. The protocolCmd and userCmd functions are defined on LiquidityMiningPath.sol: /...

Unvalidated ticks in claimConcentratedRewards allow unauthorized users to claim undeserved rewards. Validate ticks.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There is no check that the ticks passed into claimConcentratedRewards actually match the position's ticks. A user could pass in arbitrary ticks to try to claim rewards for liquidity they don't own. Proof of Concept The claimConcentratedRewards function...

Lack of proper access restrictions on functions setConcRewards() and setAmbRewards()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Contract Reward distribution can be drained / manipulated Proof of Concept For setConcRewards and setAmbRewards, they are both lack of proper access restrictions, leads to the situation that anyone can execute these functions. This oversight presents a...

users can make multiple deposits through the same deposit nonce in branch bridge agent

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact When a user retries the deposit there is a check that the deposit owner should be msg.sender but there is no check that the deposit failed so user can even retry successful deposits with the same nonce which can affect accounting badly Proof of Concept...

Protect against griefing by allowing only owner to manipulate global liquidity.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact There don't seem to be protections against a malicious actor griefing others by manipulating the global liquidity accounting. This could potentially block honest users from claiming their earned rewards. Proof of Concept The main risk of griefing by...

Timestamp Manipulation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact there is a problem in that contract especiall when updating tickTrackingIndex within the loop an attacker can manipulate the values of enterTimestamp and exitTimestamp to force tickActiveEnd to be significantly larger than tickActiveStart inflate the...

Lack of Input Validation

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Neither function appears to validate the length of the users array, which opens the door for misuse or unexpected behavior. Proof of Concept A user can pass an empty array or an exceedingly large array to disrupt expected behavior. Tools Used Manual code...

Attacker can mint afEth with cheaper price

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Attacker can mint afEth with cheaper price and then withdraw. Proof of Concept When user would like to buy some amount of afEth tokens, then price is calculated. This price will be used to calculate amount of tokens to mint. function price public view...

An attacker can drain all the tokens from UserEscrow contract.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact An user who is allowed to invest can maliciously drain all the tokens from the UserEscrow contract from decreaseDepositRequest and decreaseRedeemRequest of LiquidityPool.sol contract. Both functions are first send to the router and when the call is...

Relying on string comparisons to determine which parameter to update in the file() function is brittle and could lead to unintended consequences.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact This can allow unintentionally changing sensitive state variables Proof of Concept The vulnerability arises because: file relies on a simple string comparison of the what parameter to determine which state variable to update. A developer could accidental...

Incorrect use of getTokenAmounts causes getReserves / getTVL to be overestimated

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Previously, getTVL counted the balance of TokenisableRange and multiplied it by the LP value. After reconstruction, getTVL obtains the balance of token0 and token1 through getTokenAmounts and multiplies the token value. The problem is that when calculati...

M-08 Unmitigated

Lines of code Vulnerability details Comments The success of low-level calls is not checked in V3Proxy. If msg.sender is a contract and the fallback function has additional logic, the protocol will succeed transfer by default, which will result in the loss of user funds. Mitigation There is no...

All the funds will be lost if the destination bridge is paused

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Destination bridge is pausable, so if for a chain a destination bridge is paused, all the funds being bridged from different source bridges from different chains will be lost. Proof of Concept Destination bridge inherits from the openzeppelin pausable.so...

Incorrect usage of an uninitialized earnings pool if lastRewardRound >= currentRound.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If lastRewardRound = currentRound, the earningsPool for currentRound may not be initialized if reward has not yet been called for currentRound. So using it to update cumulative rewards or fees could be incorrect. This can lead to incorrect reward...

Zero Amount Check Missing in reLP function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If amount is 0, the reLP function will still execute all its operations, including external contract calls, which consume gas. This could lead to unnecessary gas costs for the caller. In a worst-case scenario, if this function is called repeatedly with...

DOS in governance when voting after delegate

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The GovernorCountingOverridable::handleVoteOverrides function substracts the delegator vote weight from the total votes when the delegatee has already submited a vote. However, if the delegator's vote is greater than the current total vote the substracti...

Lose due to rounding. Use more precise library for mathematical operations

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The mulDivDown function, assumed to be from FixedPointMathLib, is likely designed to multiply two numbers and then divide the result, rounding down any remainders. This rounding down can result in minor discrepancies when converting between assets and...

RDPX price manipulation benefit for attacker via a Flashloan attack

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact As the RdpxV2Core contract burns RDPX tokens, a malicious attacker can benefit from a price manipulation attack using a flashloan attack Proof of Concept The function bond in the RdpxV2Core contract is a primary function to enter the protocol and bond...

ABDKMath64 performs multiplication on results of division

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Solidity could truncate the results, performing multiplication before division will prevent rounding/truncation in solidity math. POC: EvolvingProteus is using ABDKMath64x64 library which is doing performing multiplication before division this can roundi...

_getUtility function may be vulnerable to precision loss

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact When calculating r0 and r1 in the getUtility function precision loss may occur due to the use of the standard devision operator / instead of the devision functions of ABDKMath64x64. As the other values in the equation make use of the library's methods if...

Utility per LP token can decrease in some cases.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Utility per LP token can decrease in some cases. Proof of Concept The documentation in contest repo states that Within a timeslice a single block, no set of transactions swaps, deposits, withdrawals should result in a decrease of the utility per LP token...

Error of computation break the LpTokens supply, causes users to lose funds and make functions using _getUtilityFinalLp() broken.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact withdrawGivenOutputAmount and withdrawGivenInputAmount functions doesn't revert when balance of tokenX/tokenY = 0 and create an offset between reserve tokens and LP total supply. This lead to unwanted behaviors for the next operations on the protocol...

LendingLedger.sol sends ETH instead of CANTO

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In the documentations for the contest it is clearly stated that LendingLedger contract is expected to send CANTO to the user when they call the claim function but in reality it transfers ETH. This could be problematic if the user is a contract that expec...

Possible DoS of Election Process

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Contract SecurityCouncilNomineeElectionGovernor allows contenders to participate in the election process as nominee over function addContender. The necessary condition for this process is that proposal was created before and has status...

Reentrancy vulnerability in Singularity.execute

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact This vulnerability could allow an attacker to withdraw funds from the Singularity contract. This could result in a loss of funds for the user. Proof of Concept The Singularity.execute function has external calls inside a loop. This could potentially lead...

Lack of protection when withdrawing Static Atoken

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The Aave plugin is associated with an ever-increasing exchange rate. The earlier a user wraps the AToken, the more Static Atoken will be minted and understandably no slippage protection is needed. However, since the rate is not linearly increasing,...

First Depositor Attack is possible by front-running mip00 script execution

Lines of code Vulnerability details Overview The First Depositor Attack Within the context of Compound v2, a First Depositor Attack occurs when an attacker becomes the inaugural minter of a cToken. This enables them to establish the first exchange rate between the underlying asset and the cToken...

Incorrect liquidity calculations if snapshot errors occur

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact incorrect liquidity values that undermine the risk checks and constraints of the protocol Proof of Concept getHypotheticalAccountLiquidityInternal does not handle snapshot errors properly. Specifically: It calls MToken.getAccountSnapshot to get the...

treasury approveSmallSpending / MediumSpend / LargeSpend and small / medium / large transfer can be blocked

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact treasury approveSmallSpending, approveMediumSpend and approveLargeSpend can be frontrunned Proof of Concept the AracheTreasury, there are three spending relate function: approveSmallSpend, approveMediumSpend, approveLargeSpend both of these function call...

AxelarGateway.sol: external setup funtion allow anyone to set governance_, mintLimiter_ and operator

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Anyone can call through the setup function and pass the params to set the mintlimiter, operator and governance. Proof of Concept As we can in above link, the setup function is called to set the mint limiter, operator and governance address. As per natsc...

Adding balance to accumulator does not depend on the current drawId, while documentation says it does

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In documentation protocol states that : To compute the allocated contribution for a draw d we'd compute the integral of curve cd=−t∗lnα∗α^d from lastdraw dold to dnew, and which is equal to −t∗ α^dold + t∗ α^dnew. Which clearly shows that contribution on...

executeTransaction function allows executing a queued transaction.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The executeTransaction function allows executing a queued transaction. It requires the caller to be the admin, verifies the transaction's queue status and time lock, and executes the transaction. The use of target.call this can be exploit it by an attack...

Inflation attack in well

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The Well.sol contract is vulnerable to a first depositor attack allowing someone to directly send funds to the pool in order to obfuscate the totalSupply and steal funds from the subsequent depositor. Proof of Concept Below is how the attack can be carri...

the swapFrom() function allows the Fee On Transfer tokens and _setReserves doesn't revert

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact the protocol supports the fee on transfer tokens and has implemented a special capable function for it and wants to not allow and revert the fee on transfer tokens in normal SwapFrom function as it says in comments of swapfrom function @dev MUST revert i...

No check for active Arbitrum Sequencer

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If the Arbitrum sequencer goes down, the stale ratio will be used during the swap. Proof of Concept readChainlinkFeed gets the price from chainlink oracle and the ratio is used during the swap. function readChainlinkFeed uint256 quoteAmount,...

doRebalance in Talos is vulnerable to Flash loan Attacks resulting loss of funds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Loss of funds due to MEV Sandwich attacks. Proof of Concept Rebalancing is done using doRebalance method in TalosStrategySimple. File: TalosStrategySimple.sol function doRebalance internal override returns uint256 amount0, uint256 amount1 int24...

FlywheelAcummulatedRewards/FlywheelBribeRewards gains are instantaneous and can be frontrun

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact FlywheelAcummulatedRewards/FlywheelBribeRewards gains are instantaneous and can be frontrun. The user only needs to frontrun the delegate before each incentive is distributed to get the incentive, and there is no way to prevent the user from undelegating...

Reentrancy Vulnerability: The contract inherits from the ReentrancyGuard contract, which smay be vulnerable to reentrancy attacks if not properly handled in the contract's logic.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The impact of the reentrancy vulnerability in the incrementGaugeWeight function can be summarized as follows: Loss of Funds: Attackers can drain funds from the contract or manipulate balances. Unexpected State Changes: Manipulation of variables can lead ...