Persistence – DLL Proxy Loading

DLL Proxy Loading is a technique which an arbitrary DLL exports the same functions as the legitimate DLL and forwards the calls to the legitimate… Continue reading - Persistence - DLL Proxy Loading...

Persistence – Disk Clean-up

Disk Clean-up is a utility which is part of Windows operating systems and can free up hard drive disk space by deleting mainly cache and… Continue reading - Persistence - Disk Clean-up...

Persistence – Scheduled Task Tampering

Windows Task Scheduler enables windows users and administrators to perform automated tasks at specific time intervals. Scheduled tasks has been commonly abused as a method… Continue reading - Persistence - Scheduled Task Tampering...

Unconstrained Delegation

Microsoft to support scenarios where users authenticate via Kerberos to one system and information needs to be updated on another system implemented unconstrained delegation. This… Continue reading - Unconstrained Delegation...

Remote Potato – From Domain User to Enterprise Admin

NTLM Relaying is an well-known technique that was mainly used in security assessments in order to establish some sort of foothold on a server in… Continue reading - Remote Potato - From Domain User to Enterprise Admin...

Kerberoast

The process of cracking Kerberos service tickets and rewriting them in order to gain access to the targeted service is called Kerberoast. This is very common attack in red team engagements since it doesn't require any interaction with the service as legitimate active directory access can be used ...

Golden Certificate

Domain persistence techniques enable red teams that have compromised the domain to operate with the highest level of privileges in a large period. One of… Continue reading - Golden Certificate...

Resource Based Constrained Delegation

Microsoft in an attempt to provide more flexibility to domain users enabled owner of resources to configure which accounts are trusted and allowed to delegate… Continue reading - Resource Based Constrained Delegation...

Domain Escalation – Machine Accounts

The pass the hash technique is not new and it was usually used for lateral movement on the network in scenarios where the administrator password… Continue reading - Domain Escalation - Machine Accounts...

PlexTrac – A Platform for Purple Teaming

PlexTrac is a platform which can be used by internal security teams or consultancies to conduct purple team assessments but it can be used also… Continue reading - PlexTrac - A Platform for Purple Teaming...

PDF – NTLM Hashes

Client side attacks are heavily used in red team engagements as they can allow the red team to execute arbitrary code or retrieve password hashes. Usually Microsoft office products are used to perform these kind of attacks however PDF documents can be also utilized for obtaining NTLM hashes of...

HiveNightmare

The security account manager SAM file contains the password hashes of the users on a Windows system. Since it is considered a sensitive file SYSTEM… Continue reading - HiveNightmare...

Dumping RDP Credentials

Administrators typically use Remote Desktop Protocol RDP in order to manage Windows environments remotely. It is also typical RDP to be enabled in systems that… Continue reading - Dumping RDP Credentials...

Command and Control – Browser

Red Teams are always focused in the discovery of innovative ways to establish connections back to their command and control infrastructure. The main reasons that leads red teams to use standard protocols or native system functionality for command and control operations is to bypass some sort of...

Persistence – Event Log Online Help

Event viewer is a component of Microsoft Windows that displays information related to application, security, system and setup events. Even though that Event Viewer is… Continue reading - Persistence - Event Log Online Help...

Account Persistence – Certificates

It is not uncommon organizations to implement an internal certification authority in order to establish trust between entities users, computers etc. or utilize it for… Continue reading - Account Persistence - Certificates...

Situational Awareness

A common step in the life-cycle of a red team engagement is to gather as much information is possible for the compromised environments and the domain network. This activity is often called situational awareness and there is no defined list of commands that a red teamer should execute. However all...

Universal Privilege Escalation and Persistence – Printer

The Print Spooler is responsible to manage and process printer jobs. It runs as a service with SYSTEM level privileges on windows environments. Abuse of… Continue reading - Universal Privilege Escalation and Persistence - Printer...