A Comprehensive Study on Cyber Attack Vectors in EV Traction Power Electronics

Electric vehicles EVs have drastically changed the auto industry and developed a new era of technologies where power electronics play the leading role in traction management, energy conversion and vehicle control processes. Nevertheless, this is a digital transformation, and the cyber-attack...

GNU Transport Layer Security Library 3.8.11

GnuTLS is a secure communications library implementing the SSL and TLS protocols and technologies around them. It provides a simple C language application programming interface API to access the secure communications protocols, as well as APIs to parse and write X.509, PKCS 12, OpenPGP, and other...

Systematically Deconstructing APVD Steganography and Its Payload with a Unified Deep Learning Paradigm

In the era of digital communication, steganography allows covert embedding of data within media files. Adaptive Pixel Value Differencing APVD is a steganographic method valued for its high embedding capacity and invisibility, posing challenges for traditional steganalysis. This paper proposes a...

Multi-Domain Security for 6G ISAC: Challenges and Opportunities in Transportation

Integrated sensing and communication ISAC will be central to 6G-enabled transportation, providing both seamless connectivity and high-precision sensing. However, this tight integration exposes attack points not encountered in pure sensing and communication systems. In this article, we identify...

CISA: Suspicious Unmanned Aircraft System Activity Guidance

Suspicious Unmanned Aircraft System Activity Guidance for Critical Infrastructure Owners and Operators is intended for critical infrastructure stakeholders who are concerned with unmanned aircraft system UAS activity near or around their facilities...

Future-Back Threat Modeling: A Foresight-Driven Security Framework

Traditional threat modeling remains reactive-focused on known TTPs and past incident data, while threat prediction and forecasting frameworks are often disconnected from operational or architectural artifacts. This creates a fundamental weakness: the most serious cyber threats often do not arise...

"To Survive, I Must Defect": Jailbreaking LLMs Via the Game-Theory Scenarios

As LLMs become more common, non-expert users can pose risks, prompting extensive research into jailbreak attacks. However, most existing black-box jailbreak attacks rely on hand-crafted heuristics or narrow search spaces, which limit scalability. Compared with prior attacks, we propose Game-Theor...

Multi-Faceted Attack: Exposing Cross-Model Vulnerabilities in Defense-Equipped Vision-Language Models

The growing misuse of Vision-Language Models VLMs has led providers to deploy multiple safeguards, including alignment tuning, system prompts, and content moderation. However, the real-world robustness of these defenses against adversarial attacks remains underexplored. We introduce Multi-Faceted...

CISA: Safe Handling Considerations for Downed Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Safe Handling Considerations for Downed Unmanned Aircraft Systems provides information on how to prepare for and respond to downed unmanned aircraft systems UAS that may pose a safety or security concern...

RampoNN: A Reachability-Guided System Falsification for Efficient Cyber-Kinetic Vulnerability Detection

Detecting kinetic vulnerabilities in Cyber-Physical Systems CPS, vulnerabilities in control code that can precipitate hazardous physical consequences, is a critical challenge. This task is complicated by the need to analyze the intricate coupling between complex software behavior and the system's...

Hiding in the AI Traffic: Abusing MCP for LLM-Powered Agentic Red Teaming

Generative AI is reshaping offensive cybersecurity by enabling autonomous red team agents that can plan, execute, and adapt during penetration tests. However, existing approaches face trade-offs between generality and specialization, and practical deployments reveal challenges such as...

Small Language Models for Phishing Website Detection: Cost, Performance, and Privacy Trade-Offs

Phishing websites pose a major cybersecurity threat, exploiting unsuspecting users and causing significant financial and organisational harm. Traditional machine learning approaches for phishing detection often require extensive feature engineering, continuous retraining, and costly infrastructur...

Trustworthy GenAI over 6G: Integrated Applications and Security Frameworks

The integration of generative artificial intelligence GenAI into 6G networks promises substantial performance gains while simultaneously exposing novel security vulnerabilities rooted in multimodal data processing and autonomous reasoning. This article presents a unified perspective on cross-doma...

Securing AI Agents against Prompt Injection Attacks

Retrieval-augmented generation RAG systems have become widely used for enhancing large language model capabilities, but they introduce significant security vulnerabilities through prompt injection attacks. We present a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating prompt injection risks in RAG-enabled A...

TopoReformer: Mitigating Adversarial Attacks Using Topological Purification in OCR Models

Adversarially perturbed images of text can cause sophisticated OCR systems to produce misleading or incorrect transcriptions from seemingly invisible changes to humans. Some of these perturbations even survive physical capture, posing security risks to high-stakes applications such as document...

Towards a Formal Verification of Secure Vehicle Software Updates

With the rise of software-defined vehicles SDVs, where software governs most vehicle functions alongside enhanced connectivity, the need for secure software updates has become increasingly critical. Software vulnerabilities can severely impact safety, the economy, and society. In response to this...

Can MLLMs Detect Phishing? A Comprehensive Security Benchmark Suite Focusing on Dynamic Threats and Multimodal Evaluation in Academic Environments

The rapid proliferation of Multimodal Large Language Models MLLMs has introduced unprecedented security challenges, particularly in phishing detection within academic environments. Academic institutions and researchers are high-value targets, facing dynamic, multilingual, and context-dependent...

CISA: Bulletproof Defense: Mitigating Risks from Bulletproof Hosting Providers

CISA, in collaboration with the U.S. National Security Agency, U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, and international partners, have released the guide Bulletproof Defense: Mitigating Risks from Bulletproof Hosting Providers to help internet service...

LFreeDA: Label-Free Drift Adaptation for Windows Malware Detection

Machine learning ML-based malware detectors degrade over time as concept drift introduces new and evolving families unseen during training. Retraining is limited by the cost and time of manual labeling or sandbox analysis. Existing approaches mitigate this via drift detection and selective...

A Unified Compositional View of Attack Tree Metrics

Attack trees ATs are popular graphical models for reasoning about the security of complex systems, allowing for the quantification of risk through so-called AT metrics. A large variety of different such AT metrics have been proposed, and despite their wide-spread practical use, no systematic...

Windows Persistent Service Installer

This Metasploit module will generate and upload an executable to a remote host. It will create a new service which will start the payload whenever the service is running. Admin or system privilege is required...

From Topology to Behavioral Semantics: Enhancing BGP Security by Understanding BGP's Language with LLMs

The trust-based nature of Border Gateway Protocol BGP makes it vulnerable to disruptions like prefix hijacking and misconfigurations, threatening routing stability. Traditional detection relies on manual inspection with limited scalability. Machine/Deep Learning M/DL approaches automate detection...

ForensicFlow: A Tri-Modal Adaptive Network for Robust Deepfake Detection

Deepfakes generated by advanced GANs and autoencoders severely threaten information integrity and societal stability. Single-stream CNNs fail to capture multi-scale forgery artifacts across spatial, texture, and frequency domains, limiting robustness and generalization. We introduce the...

Squid Heap Buffer Overflow

Squid versions prior to 6.4 suffer from a heap-based buffer overflow that is triggered during URN Trivial-HTTP response handling...

Structured Extraction of Vulnerabilities in OpenVAS and Tenable WAS Reports Using LLMs

This paper proposes an automated LLM-based method to extract and structure vulnerabilities from OpenVAS and Tenable WAS scanner reports, converting unstructured data into a standardized format for risk management. In an evaluation using a report with 34 vulnerabilities, GPT-4.1 and DeepSeek...

HyMAD: A Hybrid Multi-Activity Detection Approach for Border Surveillance and Monitoring

Seismic sensing has emerged as a promising solution for border surveillance and monitoring; the seismic sensors that are often buried underground are small and cannot be noticed easily, making them difficult for intruders to detect, avoid, or vandalize. This significantly enhances their...

Towards Classifying Benign and Malicious Packages Using Machine Learning

Recently, the number of malicious open-source packages in package repositories has been increasing dramatically. While major security scanners focus on identifying known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures CVEs in open-source packages, there are very few studies on detecting malicious packages...

Steganographic Backdoor Attacks in NLP: Ultra-Low Poisoning and Defense Evasion

Transformer models are foundational to natural language processing NLP applications, yet remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks introduced through poisoned data, which implant hidden behaviors during training. To strengthen the ability to prevent such compromises, recent research has focused on...

Average Hardness of SIVP for Module Lattices of Fixed Rank

The problem of finding short vectors in Euclidean lattices is a central hard problem in complexity theory. The case of module lattices i.e., lattices which are also modules over a number ring is of particular interest for cryptography and computational number theory. The hardness of finding short...

It's a Feature, Not a Bug: Secure and Auditable State Rollback for Confidential Cloud Applications

Replay and rollback attacks threaten cloud application integrity by reintroducing authentic yet stale data through an untrusted storage interface to compromise application decision-making. Prior security frameworks mitigate these attacks by enforcing forward-only state transitions state continuit...

Wapiti Web Application Vulnerability Scanner 3.2.10 Source Code

Wapiti is a web application vulnerability scanner. It will scan the web pages of a deployed web application and will fuzz the URL parameters and forms to find common web vulnerabilities. This is the source code release...

A Fuzzy Logic-Based Cryptographic Framework for Real-Time Dynamic Key Generation for Enhanced Data Encryption

With the ever-growing demand for cybersecurity, static key encryption mechanisms are increasingly vulnerable to adversarial attacks due to their deterministic and non-adaptive nature. Brute-force attacks, key compromise, and unauthorized access have become highly common cyber threats. This resear...

DualTAP: A Dual-Task Adversarial Protector for Mobile MLLM Agents

The reliance of mobile GUI agents on Multimodal Large Language Models MLLMs introduces a severe privacy vulnerability: screenshots containing Personally Identifiable Information PII are often sent to untrusted, third-party routers. These routers can exploit their own MLLMs to mine this data,...

Nuclei 3.5.1

Nuclei is a modern, high-performance vulnerability scanner that leverages simple YAML-based templates. It empowers you to design custom vulnerability detection scenarios that mimic real-world conditions, leading to zero false positives...

Beyond Fixed and Dynamic Prompts: Embedded Jailbreak Templates for Advancing LLM Security

As the use of large language models LLMs continues to expand, ensuring their safety and robustness has become a critical challenge. In particular, jailbreak attacks that bypass built-in safety mechanisms are increasingly recognized as a tangible threat across industries, driving the need for...

macos-collector - Automated Collection of macOS Forensic Artifacts for DFIR

macos-collector.sh is a Shell script utilized to collect macOS Forensic Artifacts from a compromised macOS endpoint using primarily Aftermath by Jamf Threat Labs...

GNUnet P2P Framework 0.26.1

GNUnet is a peer-to-peer framework with focus on providing security. All peer-to-peer messages in the network are confidential and authenticated. The framework provides a transport abstraction layer and can currently encapsulate the network traffic in UDP IPv4 and IPv6, TCP IPv4 and IPv6, HTTP, o...

MalRAG: A Retrieval-Augmented LLM Framework for Open-Set Malicious Traffic Identification

Fine-grained identification of IDS-flagged suspicious traffic is crucial in cybersecurity. In practice, cyber threats evolve continuously, making the discovery of novel malicious traffic a critical necessity as well as the identification of known classes. Recent studies have advanced this goal wi...

Certified but Fooled! Breaking Certified Defences with Ghost Certificates

Certified defenses promise provable robustness guarantees. We study the malicious exploitation of probabilistic certification frameworks to better understand the limits of guarantee provisions. Now, the objective is to not only mislead a classifier, but also manipulate the certification process t...

New Data Security Requirements and the Proceduralization of Mass Surveillance Law after the European Data Retention Case

This paper discusses the regulation of mass metadata surveillance in Europe through the lens of the landmark judgment in which the Court of Justice of the European Union struck down the Data Retention Directive. The controversial directive obliged telecom and Internet access providers in Europe t...

Wapiti Web Application Vulnerability Scanner 3.2.10

Wapiti is a web application vulnerability scanner. It will scan the web pages of a deployed web application and will fuzz the URL parameters and forms to find common web vulnerabilities. This is the binary release...

TaskHound - Windows Privileged Scheduled Task Discovery Tool

TaskHound is a tool that hunts for Windows scheduled tasks that run with privileged accounts and stored credentials. It enumerates tasks over SMB, parses XMLs, and identifies high-value attack opportunities through BloodHound support...

Examining the Security Posture of an Anti-Crime Ecosystem

Whitepaper called Examining the security posture of an Anti-Crime Ecosystem. The prevalence of anti-crime technology has seen a steep incline in the past few years. Since the introduction of cell phones, the expectation of privacy has gone steeply down. With that in mind, independent security...

Resilient Distribution Network Planning against Dynamic Malicious Power Injection Attacks

Active distribution networks facilitating bidirectional power exchange with renewable energy resources are susceptible to cyberattacks due to integration of a diverse array of cyber components. This study introduces a grid-level defense strategy aimed at enhancing attack resiliency based on...

Interpretable Ransomware Detection Using Hybrid Large Language Models: A Comparative Analysis of BERT, RoBERTa, and DeBERTa through LIME and SHAP

Ransomware continues to evolve in complexity, making early and explainable detection a critical requirement for modern cybersecurity systems. This study presents a comparative analysis of three Transformer-based Large Language Models LLMs BERT, RoBERTa, and DeBERTa for ransomware detection using...

Jailbreaking Large Vision Language Models in Intelligent Transportation Systems

Large Vision Language Models LVLMs demonstrate strong capabilities in multimodal reasoning and many real-world applications, such as visual question answering. However, LVLMs are highly vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks. This paper systematically analyzes the vulnerabilities of LVLMs integrated ...

AutoMalDesc: Large-Scale Script Analysis for Cyber Threat Research

Generating thorough natural language explanations for threat detections remains an open problem in cybersecurity research, despite significant advances in automated malware detection systems. In this work, we present AutoMalDesc, an automated static analysis summarization framework that, followin...

Randomized Controlled Trials for Phishing Triage Agent

Security operations centers SOCs face a persistent challenge: efficiently triaging a high volume of user-reported phishing emails while maintaining robust protection against threats. This paper presents the first randomized controlled trial RCT evaluating the impact of a domain-specific AI agent ...

nfstream 6.5.4

nfstream is a Python package providing fast, flexible, and expressive data structures designed to make working with online or offline network data both easy and intuitive. It aims to be the fundamental high-level building block for doing practical, real world network data analysis in Python...

SmartPoC: Generating Executable and Validated PoCs for Smart Contract Bug Reports

Smart contracts are prone to vulnerabilities and are analyzed by experts as well as automated systems, such as static analysis and AI-assisted solutions. However, audit artifacts are heterogeneous and often lack reproducible, executable PoC tests suitable for automated validation, leading to...