Steganographic Information Hiding Via Symmetric Numerical Semigroups

We introduce a steganographic information hiding scheme based on structural properties of numerical semigroups arising from the Frobenius coin problem. Instead of encoding data through representable integers, the proposed protocol embeds information into the gap structure of carefully chosen...

The Trigger in the Haystack: Extracting and Reconstructing LLM Backdoor Triggers

Detecting whether a model has been poisoned is a longstanding problem in AI security. In this work, we present a practical scanner for identifying sleeper agent-style backdoors in causal language models. Our approach relies on two key findings: first, sleeper agents tend to memorize poisoning dat...

TestLink 1.9.13 SQL Injection

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in TestLink version 1.9.13. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands and potentially compromise the database. This issue is older research added to the archive...

Subrion CMS 3.2.2 Cross Site Scripting

A cross site scripting vulnerability exists in Subrion CMS version 3.2.2. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML. This issue is older research added to the archive...

Yii Framework 2.0.9 Reflected Cross Site Scripting

A reflected cross site scripting vulnerability exists in Yii Framework version 2.0.9 and earlier versions before 2.0.14. The vulnerability exists in the error handler component. This issue is older research added to the archive...

SecIC3: Customizing IC3 for Hardware Security Verification

Recent years have seen significant advances in using formal verification to check hardware security properties. Of particular practical interest are checking confidentiality and integrity of secrets, by checking that there is no information flow between the secrets and observable outputs. A...

Libgcrypt 1.12.0

Libgcrypt is a general-purpose cryptographic library based on the code from GnuPG. It provides functions for all cryptographic building blocks: symmetric ciphers AES, DES, Blowfish, CAST5, Twofish, and Arcfour, hash algorithms MD4, MD5, RIPE-MD160, SHA-1, and TIGER-192, MACs HMAC for all hash...

Helper-Assisted Coding for Gaussian Wiretap Channels: Deep Learning Meets PhySec

Consider the Gaussian wiretap channel, where a transmitter wishes to send a confidential message to a legitimate receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. It is well known that if the eavesdropper experiences less channel noise than the legitimate receiver, then it is impossible for the...

OpenSSL Toolkit 3.6.1

OpenSSL is a robust, fully featured Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security protocols with full-strength cryptography world-wide. This is the 3.6 release...

CISA: Principles for the Secure Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Operational Technology V2

Artificial intelligence AI has the potential to increase efficiency and productivity, enhance decision-making, cut costs and improve customer experience, but introducing AI in operational technology OT environments can introduce risks that require careful management to support the safety, securit...

Burp Global Match and Replace Extension 1.0.0

This archive provides a system-wide match and replace table that applies to all Burp tools including Burp AI. This goes beyond Proxy Match and Replace, which only affects Proxy...

LLM Security and Safety: Insights from Homotopy-Inspired Prompt Obfuscation

In this study, we propose a homotopy-inspired prompt obfuscation framework to enhance understanding of security and safety vulnerabilities in Large Language Models LLMs. By systematically applying carefully engineered prompts, we demonstrate how latent model behaviors can be influenced in...

SecureSplit: Mitigating Backdoor Attacks in Split Learning

Split Learning SL offers a framework for collaborative model training that respects data privacy by allowing participants to share the same dataset while maintaining distinct feature sets. However, SL is susceptible to backdoor attacks, in which malicious clients subtly alter their embeddings to...

Static Detection of Core Structures in Tigress Virtualization-Based Obfuscation Using an LLVM Pass

Malware often uses obfuscation to hinder security analysis. Among these techniques, virtualization-based obfuscation is particularly strong because it protects programs by translating original instructions into attacker-defined virtual machine VM bytecode, producing long and complex code that is...

LoRA As Oracle

Backdoored and privacy-leaking deep neural networks pose a serious threat to the deployment of machine learning systems in security-critical settings. Existing defenses for backdoor detection and membership inference typically require access to clean reference models, extensive retraining, or...

SimFuzz: Similarity-Guided Block-Level Mutation for RISC-V Processor Fuzzing

The Instruction Set Architecture ISA defines processor operations and serves as the interface between hardware and software. As an open ISA, RISC-V lowers the barriers to processor design and encourages widespread adoption, but also exposes processors to security risks such as functional bugs...

A Risk-Stratified Benchmark Dataset for Bad Randomness (SWC-120) Vulnerabilities in Ethereum Smart Contracts

Many Ethereum smart contracts rely on block attributes such as block.timestamp or blockhash to generate random numbers for applications like lotteries and games. However, these values are predictable and miner-manipulable, creating the Bad Randomness vulnerability SWC-120 that has led to real-wor...

AmbShield: Enhancing Physical Layer Security with Ambient Backscatter Devices against Eavesdroppers

Passive eavesdropping compromises confidentiality in wireless networks, especially in resource-constrained environments where heavyweight cryptography is impractical. Physical layer security PLS exploits channel randomness and spatial selectivity to confine information to an intended receiver wit...

InvisibleJS JavaScript Hiding Tool

Welcome to InvisibleJS, an experimental tool for hiding your JavaScript source code in plain sight using zero-width characters. This repository features two distinct versions of the obfuscator, tailored for different execution environments...

YARA-X 1.11.0

YARA-X is a re-incarnation of YARA, a pattern matching tool designed with malware researchers in mind. This new incarnation intends to be faster, safer and more user-friendly than its predecessor. The ultimate goal of YARA-X is replacing YARA as the default pattern matching tool for malware...

Behavioral Analytics for Continuous Insider Threat Detection in Zero-Trust Architectures

Insider threats are a particularly tricky cybersecurity issue, especially in zero-trust architectures ZTA where implicit trust is removed. Although the rule of thumb is never trust, always verify, attackers can still use legitimate credentials and impersonate the standard user activity. In...

A Longitudinal Measurement Study of Log4Shell Exploitation from an Active Network Telescope

The disclosure of the Log4Shell vulnerability in December 2021 led to an unprecedented wave of global scanning and exploitation activity. A recent study provided important initial insights, but was largely limited in duration and geography, focusing primarily on European and U.S. network telescop...

Scapy Packet Manipulation Tool 2.7.0

Scapy is a powerful interactive packet manipulation tool, packet generator, network scanner, network discovery tool, and packet sniffer. It provides classes to interactively create packets or sets of packets, manipulate them, send them over the wire, sniff other packets from the wire, match answe...

Post-Quantum Cryptography Key Expansion Method and Anonymous Certificate Scheme Based on NTRU

NTRU is one of the important lattice-based post-quantum cryptography methods, offering resistance against quantum computing attacks. However, a drawback of NTRU lies in its relatively low efficiency in generating key pairs. Therefore, this study proposes an NTRU-based key expansion method that...

SourceBroken: A Large-Scale Analysis on the (Un)Reliability of SourceRank in the PyPI Ecosystem

SourceRank is a scoring system made of 18 metrics that assess the popularity and quality of open-source packages. Despite being used in several recent studies, none has thoroughly analyzed its reliability against evasion attacks aimed at inflating the score of malicious packages, thereby...

Quantum Machine Learning Approaches for Coordinated Stealth Attack Detection in Distributed Generation Systems

Coordinated stealth attacks are a serious cybersecurity threat to distributed generation systems because they modify control and measurement signals while remaining close to normal behavior, making them difficult to detect using standard intrusion detection methods. This study investigates quantu...

Large Empirical Case Study: Go-Explore Adapted for AI Red Team Testing

Production LLM agents with tool-using capabilities require security testing despite their safety training. We adapt Go-Explore to evaluate GPT-4o-mini across 28 experimental runs spanning six research questions. We find that random-seed variance dominates algorithmic parameters, yielding an 8x...

Training-Free Color-Aware Adversarial Diffusion Sanitization for Diffusion Stegomalware Defense at Security Gateways

The rapid expansion of generative AI has normalized large-scale synthetic media creation, enabling new forms of covert communication. Recent generative steganography methods, particularly those based on diffusion models, can embed high-capacity payloads without fine-tuning or auxiliary decoders,...

CoTDeceptor:Adversarial Code Obfuscation against CoT-Enhanced LLM Code Agents

LLM-based code agentse.g., ChatGPT Codex are increasingly deployed as detector for code review and security auditing tasks. Although CoT-enhanced LLM vulnerability detectors are believed to provide improved robustness against obfuscated malicious code, we find that their reasoning chains and...

Post-Quantum Cryptography in the 5G Core

In this work, the conventional cryptographic algorithms used in the 5G Core are replaced with post-quantum alternatives and the practical impact of this transition is evaluated. Using a simulation environment, we model the registration and deregistration of varying numbers of user equipments UEs...

IoT-Based Android Malware Detection Using Graph Neural Network with Adversarial Defense

Since the Internet of Things IoT is widely adopted using Android applications, detecting malicious Android apps is essential. In recent years, Android graph-based deep learning research has proposed many approaches to extract relationships from applications as graphs to generate graph embeddings...

An Evidence-Driven Analysis of Threat Information Sharing Challenges for Industrial Control Systems and Future Directions

The increasing cyber threats to critical infrastructure highlight the importance of private companies and government agencies in detecting and sharing information about threat activities. Although the need for improved threat information sharing is widely recognized, various technical and...

SoK: Understanding (New) Security Issues across AI4Code Use Cases

AI-for-Code AI4Code systems are reshaping software engineering, with tools like GitHub Copilot accelerating code generation, translation, and vulnerability detection. Alongside these advances, however, security risks remain pervasive: insecure outputs, biased benchmarks, and susceptibility to...

Random Coding for Long-Range Continuous-Variable QKD

Quantum Key Distribution QKD schemes are key exchange protocols based on the physical properties of quantum channels. They avoid the computational-hardness assumptions that underlie the security of classical key exchange. Continuous-Variable QKD CVQKD, in contrast to qubit-based discrete-variable...

Trust in LLM-Controlled Robotics: A Survey of Security Threats, Defenses and Challenges

The integration of Large Language Models LLMs into robotics has revolutionized their ability to interpret complex human commands and execute sophisticated tasks. However, such paradigm shift introduces critical security vulnerabilities stemming from the ''embodiment gap'', a discord between the...

FreeBSD Security Advisory - FreeBSD-SA-25:11.ipfw

FreeBSD Security Advisory - In some cases, the 'tcp-setmss' handler may free the packet data and throw an error without halting the rule processing engine. A subsequent rule can then allow the traffic after the packet data is gone, resulting in a NULL pointer dereference...

An Empirical Analysis of Zero-Day Vulnerabilities Disclosed by the Zero Day Initiative

Zero-day vulnerabilities represent some of the most critical threats in cybersecurity, as they correspond to previously unknown flaws in software or hardware that are actively exploited before vendors can develop and deploy patches. During this exposure window, affected systems remain defenseless...

Hybrid Ensemble Method for Detecting Cyber-Attacks in Water Distribution Systems Using the BATADAL Dataset

The cybersecurity of Industrial Control Systems that manage critical infrastructure such as Water Distribution Systems has become increasingly important as digital connectivity expands. BATADAL benchmark data is a good source of testing intrusion detection techniques, but it presents several...

Quantum Disruption: An SOK of How Post-Quantum Attackers Reshape Blockchain Security and Performance

As quantum computing advances toward practical deployment, it threatens a wide range of classical cryptographic mechanisms, including digital signatures, key exchange protocols, public-key encryption, and certain hash-based constructions that underpin modern network infrastructures. These...

Zed Attack Proxy 2.17.0 Cross Platform Package

The Zed Attack Proxy ZAP is an easy to use integrated penetration testing tool for finding vulnerabilities in web applications. It is designed to be used by people with a wide range of security experience and as such is ideal for developers and functional testers who are new to penetration testin...

Detecting Malicious Entra OAuth Apps with LLM-Based Permission Risk Scoring

This project presents a unified detection framework that constructs a complete corpus of Microsoft Graph permissions, generates consistent LLM-based risk scores, and integrates them into a real-time detection engine to identify malicious OAuth consent activity...

EIP-7702 Phishing Attack

EIP-7702 introduces a delegation-based authorization mechanism that allows an externally owned account EOA to authenticate a single authorization tuple, after which all subsequent calls are routed to arbitrary delegate code. We show that this design enables a qualitatively new class of phishing...

Faraday 5.18.0

Faraday is a tool that introduces a new concept called IPE, or Integrated Penetration-Test Environment. It is a multiuser penetration test IDE designed for distribution, indexation and analysis of the generated data during the process of a security audit. The main purpose of Faraday is to re-use...

Pattern Based Quantum Key Distribution Using the Five Qubit Perfect Code for Eavesdropper Detection

I propose a new quantum key distribution protocol that uses the five qubit error correction code to detect the presence of eavesdropper reliably. The protocol turns any information theoretical attacks into a classical guess about the pattern. The logical qubit is encoded with a specific pattern...

OmniSafeBench-MM: A Unified Benchmark and Toolbox for Multimodal Jailbreak Attack-Defense Evaluation

Recent advances in multi-modal large language models MLLMs have enabled unified perception-reasoning capabilities, yet these systems remain highly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety alignment and induce harmful behaviors. Existing benchmarks such as JailBreakV-28K, MM-SafetyBench,...

Sift or Get off the PoC: Applying Information Retrieval to Vulnerability Research with SiftRank

Security research is fundamentally a problem of resource constraint and consequent prioritization. There is simply too much attack surface and too little time and energy to spend analyzing it all. The most effective security researchers are often those who are most skilled at intuitively deciding...

One Detector Fits All: Robust and Adaptive Detection of Malicious Packages from PyPI to Enterprises

The rise of supply chain attacks via malicious Python packages demands robust detection solutions. Current approaches, however, overlook two critical challenges: robustness against adversarial source code transformations and adaptability to the varying false positive rate FPR requirements of...

Decryption Thorough Polynomial Ambiguity: Noise-Enhanced High-Memory Convolutional Codes for Post-Quantum Cryptography

We present a novel approach to post-quantum cryptography that employs directed-graph decryption of noise-enhanced high-memory convolutional codes. The proposed construction generates random-like generator matrices that effectively conceal algebraic structure and resist known structural attacks...

Behind the Curtain: How Shared Hosting Providers Respond to Vulnerability Notifications

Large-scale vulnerability notifications VNs can help hosting provider organizations HPOs identify and remediate security vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit in data breaches or phishing campaigns. Previous VN studies have primarily focused on factors under the control of reporters, such as...

Hesperus Is Phosphorus: Mapping Threat Actor Naming Taxonomies at Scale

This paper studies the problem of Threat Actor TA naming convention inconsistency across leading Cyber Threat Intelligence CTI vendors. The current decentralized and proprietary nomenclature creates confusion and significant obstacles for researchers, including difficulties in integrating and...