Code-Centric Detection of Vulnerability-Fixing Commits: A Unified Benchmark and Empirical Study

Automated detection of vulnerability-fixing commits VFCs is critical for timely security patch deployment, as advisory databases lag patch releases by a median of 25 days and many fixes never receive advisories. We present a comprehensive evaluation of code language model based VFC detection...

Auditing MCP Servers for Over-Privileged Tool Capabilities

The Model Context Protocol MCP has emerged as a standard for connecting Large Language Models LLMs to external tools and data. However, MCP servers often expose privileged capabilities, such as file system access, network requests, and command execution that can be exploited if not properly...

LLMs As Firmware Experts: A Runtime-Grown Tree-Of-Agents Framework

Large Language Models LLMs and their agent systems have recently demonstrated strong potential in automating code reasoning and vulnerability detection. However, when applied to large-scale firmware, their performance degrades due to the binary nature of firmware, complex dependency structures, a...

GitHub's Copilot Code Review: Can AI Spot Security Flaws Before You Commit?

As software development practices increasingly adopt AI-powered tools, ensuring that such tools can support secure coding has become critical. This study evaluates the effectiveness of GitHub Copilot's recently introduced code review feature in detecting security vulnerabilities. Using a curated...

Heracles: Chosen Plaintext Attack on AMD SEV-SNP

A whitepaper discussing an attack on AMD SEV-SNP called Heracles that was able to leak kernel memory, crypto keys, and user passwords, as well as demonstrate web session hijacking...

Spa-VLM: Stealthy Poisoning Attacks on RAG-Based VLM

With the rapid development of the Vision-Language Model VLM, significant progress has been made in Visual Question Answering VQA tasks. However, existing VLM often generate inaccurate answers due to a lack of up-to-date knowledge. To address this issue, recent research has introduced...

Workplace Surveillance and Insider Threat Risk Management: Legal Limits and Privacy Harms

Workplace surveillance is used by organizations to protect corporate assets and monitor employee productivity. This research presents two central arguments on workplace surveillance: although surveillance serves legitimate organizational purposes, over-surveillance can violate legal requirements...

TrainShield: Targeted Awareness for Cybersecurity Training

In recent years, cybersecurity threats have increasingly exploited human behaviour rather than purely technical vulnerabilities, exposing the limits of traditional awareness programmes delivered outside real-world contexts. To bridge this gap, we introduce TrainShield, an interaction paradigm for...

Towards an Automated Test of LLM Security Knowledge

Large language models LLMs are increasingly used for a range of software, hardware and human-centered security tasks. Consequently, LLM performance on security tasks is an active area of measurement and research, often with a focus on identifying areas in which LLM security "knowledge'' may be...

One-Prompt Censorship Evasion Via Generative Diffusion Models

The escalating arms race between Internet censorship and evasion has driven censors to evolve from static rule-based filtering to sophisticated deep learning-based traffic analysis. While recent automated evasion tools have attempted to counter this by leveraging stochastic search and programmabl...

Improving IoT Intrusion Detection through SMOTE-Based Oversampling and Extended Multi-Model Evaluation on Side-Channel Power Data

The detection of intrusions in IoT-based networks poses challenges that cannot be overcome using traditional machine learning methods. Perhaps the biggest of them is related to the presence of a class imbalance in the side-channel dataset, where the number of samples in the normal class compared ...

Breaking Bad Email Habits: Bounding the Impact of Simulated Phishing Campaigns

Simulated phishing campaigns are widely deployed, yet the behavioral data they produce is endogenous: because training is triggered by clicking, the employees receiving intervention have already demonstrated susceptibility. This endogeneity, combined with the difficulty of separating genuine habi...

Wazuh 4.14.1

Wazuh is a free and open source security platform that unifies XDR and SIEM capabilities. It protects workloads across on-premises, virtualized, containerized, and cloud-based environments. This is the source code release...

Binary and Multiclass Cyberattack Classification on GeNIS Dataset

The integration of Artificial Intelligence AI in Network Intrusion Detection Systems NIDS is a promising approach to tackle the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks. However, since Machine Learning ML and Deep Learning DL models rely heavily on the quality of their training data, the lack of...

Genesis: Evolving Attack Strategies for LLM Web Agent Red-Teaming

As large language model LLM agents increasingly automate complex web tasks, they boost productivity while simultaneously introducing new security risks. However, relevant studies on web agent attacks remain limited. Existing red-teaming approaches mainly rely on manually crafted attack strategies...

HEIR: a Universal Compiler for Homomorphic Encryption

This work presents Homomorphic Encryption Intermediate Representation HEIR, a unified approach to building homomorphic encryption HE compilers. HEIR aims to support all mainstream techniques in homomorphic encryption, integrate with all major software libraries and hardware accelerators, and...

SAFE-SiP: Secure Authentication Framework for System-In-Package Using Multi-Party Computation

The emergence of chiplet-based heterogeneous integration is transforming the semiconductor, AI, and high-performance computing industries by enabling modular designs and improved scalability. However, assembling chiplets from multiple vendors after fabrication introduces a complex supply chain th...

CDN Tsunami: Exploiting HTTP/3-HTTP/1.1 Conversion for DoS Attacks

Content Delivery Networks CDNs provide high availability, accelerate content delivery for their host websites, but are also vulnerable to different types of Denial-of-Service DoS attacks. Prior works have studied a variety of DoS attacks with HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2 connections, but most of them are...

DeepFaith: Evidence-Grounded LLMs for Faithful Incident Reporting in Multi-Stage APT Defense

Advanced Persistent Threats APTs are difficult to detect and interpret due to their multi-stage and stealthy nature. While recent autonomous defense systems leverage provenance graphs and learning-based models for detection and mitigation, their outputs remain largely machine-oriented and difficu...

Beyond the Syntax: Do Security Experts Trust LLMs for NIDS Rule Engineering?

As network threats evolve, manual NIDS rule engineering has become a critical operational bottleneck. While Large Language Models LLMs show promise for automating this process, their ability to produce production-ready rules remains unvalidated. This paper presents a human-centered investigation...

GNU Privacy Guard 2.5.21

GnuPG the GNU Privacy Guard or GPG is GNU's tool for secure communication and data storage. It can be used to encrypt data and to create digital signatures. It includes an advanced key management facility and is compliant with the proposed OpenPGP Internet standard as described in RFC2440. As suc...

Forensic Trajectory Signatures for Agent Memory Poisoning Detection

We discover a behavioral invariant in LLM agents under persistent memory poisoning: in architectures where routing information is retrieved through observable memory-tool invocations, successful attacks require calling memoryrecallfact before emailsendemail, a transition that non-exfiltrating...

PUFFERDOS: Efficient and Effective Attack String Generation for Regular Expression Denial of Service Vulnerabilities

ReDoS attacks constitute a critical class of resource-exhaustion vulnerabilities. In such attacks, adversaries exploit the pathological worst-case execution behavior of regular expression regex engines to induce highly asymmetric computational workloads, ultimately exhausting system resources and...

RecurGuard: Runtime Monitoring for Reasoning-Token Consumption Attacks

Reasoning-capable large language models can be induced to spend their generation budget on injected decoy tasks rather than answering the user's question, causing denial of service when no final answer is produced and denial of wallet when excess output tokens are billed. Input-side safety...

Exploring the Connection between Coding Habits and Cognitive Styles in Malware Developers

Malware research primarily studies the results, the methods, and the impact. Even from an offensive security perspective, what is examined is the method, not the development strategy of the offender. This study investigates the behavioral signatures and coding patterns embedded in the malware...

Needles at Scale: LLM-Assisted Target Selection for Windows Vulnerability Research

The attack surface of a modern operating system is a haystack: thousands of signed binaries and millions of functions, almost none relevant to any given vulnerability. A human analyst or an LLM agent must pick the function worth reading before analyzing it. At whole-OS scope, this target selectio...

ContraFix: Agentic Vulnerability Repair Via Differential Runtime Evidence and Skill Reuse

Large language model LLM agents are increasingly used for automated vulnerability repair AVR, where repository-level reasoning enables them to inspect context and produce source-code patches. However, recent empirical results show that these agents still struggle with real-world vulnerabilities...

Static Attribution of Android Residential Proxy Malware Using Graph Kernels

Android residential proxy applications represent a growing class of potentially-unwanted programs PUPs that covertly route third-party traffic through end-user devices, enabling ad fraud, credential abuse, and evasion of geolocation controls by sophisticated threat actors. Attributing an unknown...

Towards Leveraging LLMs to Generate Abstract Penetration Test Cases from Software Architecture

Software architecture models capture early design decisions that strongly influence system quality attributes, including security. However, architecture-level security assessment and feedback are often absent in practice, allowing security weaknesses to propagate into later phases of the software...

The Semantic Trap: Do Fine-Tuned LLMs Learn Vulnerability Root Cause or Just Functional Pattern?

LLMs demonstrate promising performance in software vulnerability detection after fine-tuning. However, it remains unclear whether these gains reflect a genuine understanding of vulnerability root causes or merely an exploitation of functional patterns. In this paper, we identify a critical failur...

LLM-Based Vulnerability Discovery through the Lens of Code Metrics

Large language models LLMs excel in many tasks of software engineering, yet progress in leveraging them for vulnerability discovery has stalled in recent years. To understand this phenomenon, we investigate LLMs through the lens of classic code metrics. Surprisingly, we find that a classifier...

A Robust Cross-Domain IDS Using BiGRU-LSTM-Attention for Medical and Industrial IoT Security

The increased Internet of Medical Things IoMT and the Industrial Internet of Things IIoT interconnectivity has introduced complex cybersecurity challenges, exposing sensitive data, patient safety, and industrial operations to advanced cyber threats. To mitigate these risks, this paper introduces ...

Apple Security Advisory 05-12-2025-1

Apple Security Advisory 05-12-2025-1 - iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5 addresses code execution, double free, integer overflow, out of bounds read, spoofing, and use-after-free vulnerabilities...

Unsaid, Unsafe? Implicit Security Obligations in LLM-Based RTL Code Generation

Large Language Models LLMs generate register-transfer-level RTL code with rapidly improving functional correctness. Security of LLM-generated code, however, has been studied mainly for software, where flaws can still be patched after deployment. Insecure RTL offers no such remedy once taped out...

AgenticRepair: Multi-Faceted Program Context Engineering for Agentic Vulnerability Repair

Automated vulnerability repair aims to reduce the time and effort required to patch security flaws from a vulnerability triage report. Recent agentic AI approaches have shown promising results in automated program repair. However, vulnerability repair demands richer program context than general b...

EXE-Bench: Ranking the Tradeoffs of AI-Based Windows Malware Detectors for Real-World Usability

Due to the lack of systematic evaluations, we are not yet able to determine which AI-based Windows malware detector to deploy in production, since existing evaluations i differ in terms of data used for both training and testing; ii do not consider temporal analysis to showcase whether models...

Xalgorix Autonomous AI Pentesting Agent 4.5.71

Most scanners detect. Xalgorix proves. An autonomous LLM agent works a full pentest methodology, then an independent verifier re-exploits every finding before it's reported - so you get proof, not a pile of maybes to triage. Self-hosted, private, and bring-your-own-LLM. Built in Go + TypeScript...

Formal Verification of Secure Encrypted Virtualization

Trusted execution environments TEEs provide a secure environment for data and code in use, ensuring that they are protected with respect to confidentiality and integrity. Virtual machine VM-based TEEs utilize virtualization technology to create isolated execution spaces that can support a complet...

Maestro 0.15.4

Maestro is a cross-platform desktop app for orchestrating your fleet of AI agents and projects. It's a high-velocity solution for hackers who are juggling multiple projects in parallel. Designed for power users who live on the keyboard and rarely touch the mouse. Collaborate with AI to create...

Availability Attacks without an Adversary: Evidence from Enterprise LANs

Denial-of-Service DoS conditions in enterprise networks are commonly attributed to malicious actors. However, availability can also be compromised by benign non-malicious insider behavior. This paper presents an empirical study of a production enterprise LAN that demonstrates how routine docking...

DF-LoGiT: Data-Free Logic-Gated Backdoor Attacks in Vision Transformers

The widespread adoption of Vision Transformers ViTs elevates supply-chain risk on third-party model hubs, where an adversary can implant backdoors into released checkpoints. Existing ViT backdoor attacks largely rely on poisoned-data training, while prior data-free attempts typically require...

SCyTAG: Scalable Cyber-Twin for Threat-Assessment Based on Attack Graphs

Understanding the risks associated with an enterprise environment is the first step toward improving its security. Organizations employ various methods to assess and prioritize the risks identified in cyber threat intelligence CTI reports that may be relevant to their operations. Some methodologi...

SecRepoBench: Benchmarking LLMs for Secure Code Generation in Real-World Repositories

This paper introduces SecRepoBench, a benchmark to evaluate LLMs on secure code generation in real-world repositories. SecRepoBench has 318 code generation tasks in 27 C/C++ repositories, covering 15 CWEs. We evaluate 19 state-of-the-art LLMs using our benchmark and find that the models struggle...

FCGHunter: Towards Evaluating Robustness of Graph-Based Android Malware Detection

Graph-based detection methods leveraging Function Call Graphs FCGs have shown promise for Android malware detection AMD due to their semantic insights. However, the deployment of malware detectors in dynamic and hostile environments raises significant concerns about their robustness. While recent...

Apple Security Advisory 08-18-2026-1

Apple Security Advisory 08-18-2026-1 - Safari 26.6.1 addresses out of bounds access and use-after-free vulnerabilities...

Fair ASR: Re-Evaluating Black-Box Jailbreaks under Shared Target-Call Budgets

Reliable jailbreak evaluation is essential for assessing LLM safety, but most existing studies rely solely on attack success rate ASR without accounting for its dependence on attack budgets, resulting in unfair comparisons across methods. Existing compute-aware evaluations reduce heterogeneous...

AgentRiskBOM: A Risk-Scoping Security Bill of Materials for Agentic AI Systems

Agentic AI systems retrieve private context, invoke tools, write files, call external services, coordinate with other agents, and may act without human approval. Existing bill of materials artifacts improve transparency for dependencies, model metadata, and training provenance, but leave an agent...

YellowKey Bitlocker Bypass Mitigation

YellowKey is a zero-day physical attack vulnerability discovered in May 2026 that allows attackers with physical access to completely bypass BitLocker encryption on Windows 11 devices. This is a mitigation that modifies the Windows Recovery Environment to remove or disable the vulnerable...

Silent Consent, Persistent Risk: Android Permission Groups and Custom Permissions

Android's permission system is designed to balance usability with informed consent, yet two legacy mechanisms still undermine that balance in Android 16: i permission groups that silently auto-grant new permissions within a group after a user's initial approval, and ii normal-level custom...

Veritas: A Semantically Grounded Agentic Framework for Memory Corruption Vulnerability Detection in Binaries

Detecting memory corruption vulnerabilities in stripped binaries requires recovering object semantics, interprocedural propagation, and feasible triggers from low-level, lossy representations. Recent LLM-based approaches improve code understanding, but reliable detection still requires grounding ...