Configure Audit Rules for SELinux

SELinux is a mandatory access control function component of Linux. It is used to implement fine-grained permission control on processes and files. You are advised to audit configurations of SELinux configuration files and policy files and record modification logs. If SELinux audit is not...

Ensure That the Unnecessary SUID/SGID Bit on a File Is Deleted

SUID set user ID and SGID set group ID are special permission bits used to control program permissions in UNIX and UNIX-like OSs, including Linux. It is important to ensure that files do not contain unnecessary SUID or SGID bits to improve system security. These bits allow files to run with the...

Configure the Remote Log Server

rsyslog can send local logs to a remote log server for unified storage. This facilitates centralized log management, prevents local logs from occupying too much drive space and being tampered with. If remote log storage is not configured, rsyslog logs are stored in local files. As far as the...

Ensure That the LD_LIBRARY_PATH Environment Variable Is Correctly Defined

LDLIBRARYPATH is an environmental variable in Linux. When loading a dynamic link library, the program preferentially obtains the library from the path specified by LDLIBRARYPATH. Generally, LDLIBRARYPATH should not be set, because a maliciously set value will make the program link to an incorrect...

Do Not Install the X Window System

X Window System X for short provides a GUI for users to log in and perform operations in Linux. Generally, servers do not require a GUI. Administrators can configure and modify a server through the CLI. X SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a...

Do Not Configure Deprecated Options for the SSH Service

Currently, the SSH service communication protocols are classified into the first generation and the second generation. The configuration options of the SSH service of different versions are incompatible. In addition, the configuration options of some earlier versions are deprecated in the new...

Ensure That Passwords Are Encrypted Using Strong Hash Algorithms

For system security, passwords cannot be stored in plaintext in the system and must be encrypted. Irreversible cryptographic algorithms must be used in scenarios where passwords do not need to be recovered. If a password is encrypted with a weak algorithm, attackers can increase the computing pow...

Configure Proper Policies for OUTPUT of iptables

There are two occasions in which a server sends outgoing packets: 1. The local host process proactively connects to an external server, for example, performing an HTTP access, or sending data to a log server. 2. The local host responds to the external access to the local services. If no policy is...

Ensure That Scripts Writable by Low-Privilege Users Cannot Be Configured in the sudoers Configuration File

The sudo command enables a specified common user to execute certain programs with the root permission. The corresponding configuration file is /etc/sudoers. The administrator can configure rules to enable some scripts or binary files to run with the root permission. Therefore, only the root user...

Configure the Scripts Executed by crontab to Be Writable Only by Their Owners

crontab is the configuration file used by the system to execute scheduled tasks. The path of the configuration file is /etc/crontab. With crontab, the OS automatically executes the tasks defined by the administrator based on service requirements. Therefore, the execution scripts or programs...

Configure the nftables Policies for Loopback Properly

The loopback address 127.0.0.0/8 is a special address on a server. It is irrelevant to NICs and is mainly used for the inter-process communication of a local device. Packets with the source address 127.0.0.0/8 from NICs should be discarded. If policies related to the loopback address are improper...

Disable PermitUserEnvironment

PermitUserEnvironment allows users to set SSH environment variables, which may be exploited by attackers to launch attacks. If PermitUserEnvironment is set to yes, attackers can modify SSH environment variables to evade the security mechanism or execute attack code. This configuration must be...

Do Not Enable Login Capabilities for Users Who Are Not Meant for Direct Login

Typically, a Linux system has multiple users, not all of which are used for login. For instance, some users are automatically created during the installation of software packages like systemd and dhcp. These users serve specific purposes, such as running related software services. It is essential...

Enable AIDE

Advanced intrusion detection environment AIDE is an intrusion detection tool that checks the integrity of system files and directories and identifies those maliciously tampered with. In principle, the integrity check can be performed only after an AIDE benchmark database is constructed, which...

Ensure That the Permissions on Important Files and Directories Are Minimized

According to the principle of least privilege, the minimum access permission must be correctly set for key files or directories in the system, especially those containing sensitive information. Only users with relevant permissions can access these files or directories. If the file or directory...

Ensure Kernel SMEP is Enabled

Supervisor Mode Execution Prevention SMEP can be enabled to prevent the user-space code execution on the kernel. If SMEP is not enabled, attackers can execute the user-space code through kernel-mode code redirection, which increases the attack surface and reduces system security. SMEP is enabled ...

Configure Proper SSH Key Exchange Algorithms

Key exchange is a process in which two parties exchange keys to allow the use of an encryption algorithm. A secure key exchange algorithm enables them to securely exchange keys, thereby using encryption algorithms to encrypt messages to be sent and decrypt received messages. Set the SSH key...

Configure Proper Policies for OUTPUT of nftables

There are two occasions in which a server sends outgoing packets: 1. The local host process proactively connects to an external server, for example, performing an HTTP access, or sending data to a log server. 2. The local host responds to the external access to the local services. If no policy is...

Do Not Install the LDAP Client

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP is a protocol that provides access control and is used to maintain distributed directory information. Running the LDAP service requires additional system resources and expands the attack surface. Therefore, do not install the LDAP client in the service...

Correctly Configure the Log Records of Each Service

Logs should be configured so that important system behaviors and security-related information are recorded by rsyslog. The configuration files /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/.conf specify the rules for logging and the files for recording specific types of logs. If logging is not configured,...

Ensure That the Drive Space Threshold Is Correct

If the drive space is fully occupied by auditd logs, services may fail to be executed. Therefore, set related configuration items in advance to prevent serious system issues caused by low drive space. The following items in the /etc/audit/auditd.conf file have been configured with default values ...

Start the cron Daemon Properly

The cron daemon is used to execute batch processing jobs on the system. Even if the OS does not have user jobs that need to be run, some system jobs need to be run, including important jobs such as security monitoring. The cron daemon is used to execute these jobs. If the cron daemon is not start...

Ensure That the GIDs Are Unique

The group IDs GIDs in /etc/group must be unique. In the Linux system, user group permissions are determined based on GIDs. If multiple user groups use the same GID, these user groups have the same permissions and can access each other SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptio...

Configure the Authentication Blocklist and Allowlist Properly

SSH provides the blocklist and allowlist function. You can set a list of users or user groups to allow or deny SSH login for them. By default, this function is not configured in openEuler. The related fields are as follows: AllowUsers userlist specifies the space-separated users who are allowed t...

Ensure That Passwords Do Not Contain User Names

To ensure user security, you must configure passwords that do not contain user names. If a password is the same as the user name or the user name in reverse order, or contains the user name, attackers can guess the password easily. This requirement is not exerted on passwords of users whose names...

Configure the Default Policies of iptables to DROP Properly

Generally, iptables policies can be configured in allowlist or blocklist mode. You are advised to configure iptables policies in allowlist mode. Connections that do not comply with the rules in the allowlist are prohibited. Therefore, you can configure the DROP or REJECT policy for the INPUT,...

Configure Proper Association Policies for INPUT and OUTPUT of nftables

Although you can configure protocols, IP addresses, and port numbers to add policies for packets entering and leaving a server to the INPUT and OUTPUT chains, it is difficult to configure suitable policies using the sport parameter due to complicated situations. For example, a client accesses the...

Do Not Enable the LDAP Service

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP is a protocol that provides access control and is used to maintain distributed directory information. The LDAP service increases system resource usage and expands the attack surface. If the LDAP service is not required, do not install the LDAP service. T...

openSUSE Security Advisory (openSUSE-SU-2025:0145-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7480-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7496-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7492-2)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7490-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7492-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7493-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7484-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7498-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7490-2)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7483-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7479-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7476-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Western Digital My Cloud Multiple Products 5.x < 5.31.101 Multiple Vulnerabilities (WDC-25003)

Multiple Western Digital My Cloud products are prone to multiple vulnerabilities in various third-party components Python3, Requests, WordPress. SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective rig...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7478-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

MediaWiki < 1.39.9, 1.40.x < 1.41.3, 1.42.x < 1.42.2 Information Disclosure Vulnerability - Windows

MediaWiki is prone to an information disclosure vulnerability. SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only CPE =...

MediaWiki < 1.39.9, 1.40.x < 1.41.3, 1.42.x < 1.42.2 Information Disclosure Vulnerability - Linux

MediaWiki is prone to an information disclosure vulnerability. SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only CPE =...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7477-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Ubuntu: Security Advisory (USN-7475-1)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Mageia: Security Advisory (MGASA-2025-0142)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Mageia: Security Advisory (MGASA-2025-0144)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...

Mageia: Security Advisory (MGASA-2025-0149)

The remote host is missing an update for the SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Greenbone AG Some text descriptions might be excerpted from a referenced sources, and are Copyright C by the respective right holders. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only ifdescription...