Users Can Bypass Emergency Restrictions on updateUserRewardState()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The emergencyWithdraw function intends to withdraw their tokens regardless if they are locked up for any duration. This emergency must be triggered by the owner of the contract by calling triggerEmergencyWithdraw. A number of functions will revert when t...

User can always stay in UNSTAKE_PERIOD

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Due to how the cooldown period is calculated after a transfer, a user can strategically transfer between accounts to increase their cooldown timestamp while keeping it within the UNSTAKEPERIOD, so they can unstake anytime, defeating the cooldown mechanis...

User withdrawal can be stuck

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Any transfer will lead to updation of cooldown period for the recipient. This can become a problem if recipient wished to withdraw some amount using unstake. Proof of Concept 1. User A wished to withdraw amount 100 2. User A is pending 1 more day where...

System could be wrapped and made useless without contract whitelisting

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Anyone could create a contract or a contract factory "PAL Locker" with a fonction to deposit PAL tokens through a contract, lock them and delegate the voting power to the contract owner. Then, the ownership of this contract could be sold. By doing so,...

Cooldown tricking possible

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Due to an approach that upon a transfer the weighted average is calculated for the cooldown, it is possible to trick it in a way that ready funds can "thrive" in the allowed window, ready to payout. Anytime it is ending, those funds can be "mixed" with...

Unsafe usage of transfer and transferFrom functions

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Use transfer instead of safeTransfer - in CoreCollection you don't check if the transfer has ben successful or not, and in RoyaltyVault you assume it returns bool. It is more safe to use safeTransfer instead of using the transfer functions, because some...

Result of transfer not checked

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A call to transfer is done without checking the results. For certain ERC20 tokens, if insufficient tokens are present, no revert occurs but a result of "false" is returned. So it's important and also a best practice to check this. Note that, in almost al...

LenderPool: Principal withdrawable is incorrectly calculated if start() is invoked with non-zero start fee

Lines of code Vulnerability details Details & Impact The principalWithdrawable calculated will be more than expected if start is invoked with a non-zero start fee, because the borrow limit is reduced by the fee, resulting in totalSupplyid not being 1:1 with the borrow limit. function...

Fee in start() can be avoided

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A fee is collected in start that does not get collected if the borrowLimit is reached in lend. Proof of Concept if a start gets called and the amount - fee minBorrowAmount then a fee gets collected before accept is called. if maxLent is met in lend then...

[WP-H9] LenderPool.sol#start() startFeeFraction can be used by a malicious/compromised owner to rug lenders

Lines of code Vulnerability details A configurable startFeeFraction with no upper bound can be claimed by the caller to a specified address. The fee is not based on the gas cost, but on the totalLent of the pool. We believe this startFee reward is unnecessary and it creates a potential rug vector...

[WP-H7] Infinite approval to an arbitrary address can be used to steal all the funds from the contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details function startBridgeAnyswapData memory anyswapData internal // Check chain id requireblock.chainid != anyswapData.toChainId, "Cannot bridge to the same network."; address underlyingToken = IAnyswapTokenanyswapData.token.underlying; if underlyingToken ==...

Potential DoS

Lines of code Vulnerability details the balance of outputToken is checked to be exactly a specified value that is not declared in this specific function. Therefore, a malicious user can transfer to the contract address tiny amount of tokens and the user transactions will always revert. Potential...

use of transfer() instead of call() to send eth

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Use of transfer might render ETH impossible to withdraw becuase after istanbul hardfork , there is increases in the gas cost of the SLOAD operation and therefore breaks some existing smart contracts.Those contracts will break because their fallback...

onlyOwner modifier missing

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Function is missing onlyOwner modifier meaning any user could register without need to be an owner Proof of Concept registerSelf function is missing the onlyOwner modifier. Recommended Mitigation Steps Change definition to function registerSelf...

Low-level transfer via call() can fail silently

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In the call function in TimelockController.sol, a call is executed with the following code: function call bytes32 id, uint256 index, address target, uint256 value, bytes memory data private // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls bool success,...

Incorrect strike price displayed in name/symbol of qToken

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact slice in options/QTokenStringUtils.sol cut a string into stringstart:end However, while fetching bytes, it uses bytessstart+1 instead of bytessstart+i. This causes the return string to be composed of sstartend-start. The result of this function is then...

Market Expiration is Not Enforced Onchain

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The expiryTime variable is stored in the PrePOMarket.sol contract but not enforced anywhere in the contract. As a result, if a public offering never comes to fruition, then finalLongPrice will never be set and hence users will be expected to redeem...

getSharesForAmount returns wrong value when totalAssets == 0

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The getSharesForAmount function returns 0 if totalAssets == 0. However, if totalSupply == 0, the actual shares that are minted in a deposit are amount even if totalAssets == 0. Contracts / frontends that use this function to estimate their deposit when...

Strategy Migration May Leave Tokens in the Old Strategy Impacting Share Calculations

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact If a strategy does not have sufficient funds to withdraw for the full amount then it is possible that tokens will be left in this yield contract during migrate. It is common for withdrawal from a strategy to withdraw less than a user's balance. The reaso...

[WP-H17] Users will lose a majority or even all of the rewards when the amount of total shares is too large, due to precision loss

Lines of code Vulnerability details function getUpdatedAccTokenPerShareaddress baseToken public view returns uint256 uint256 accumulator = 0; uint256 lastUpdatedTime = poolInfobaseToken.lastRewardTime; uint256 counter = block.timestamp; uint256 i = rewardRateLogbaseToken.length - 1; while true if...

FUNCTION SETBASEGAS LACKS BOUNDS CHECK AND EVENT EMIT AFFECTS TRANSFER

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Executors can, unintentionally, send a huge amount of ETH Proof of Concept The function setBaseGasuint128 gasLiquidityPool.sol should have bounds like MAXBASEGAS. Even worse this function lacks of event emit. As a result, executors can call sendFundsToUs...

[WP-H14] LiquidityProviders.sol The share price of the LP can be manipulated and making future liquidityProviders unable to removeLiquidity()

Lines of code Vulnerability details function removeLiquidityuint256 nftId, uint256 amount external nonReentrant onlyValidLpTokennftId, msgSender whenNotPaused address tokenAddress, uint256 nftSuppliedLiquidity, uint256 totalNFTShares = lpToken.tokenMetadatanftId;...

Governance issue - robee

Title: Usage of an incorrect version of Ownbale library can potentially malfunction all onlyOwner functions Severity: High Risk --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

DDOS - throttle

Contained in report. Duplicate of 119 --- The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions...

Whitelisting is Disabled in CrossAnchorBridge.sol

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Upon deployment/initialisation, an array of collateral tokens are added to a whitelist, meaning that these tokens are the only tokens that should be deposited/redeemed. Any unsupported tokens should correctly revert so as to avoid instances where Terra...

Underflown variable in borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function does never properly call ETH.transfer due to underflow. If borrowGivenDebtETHCollateral function is not deprecated, it would cause unexpected behaviors for users. Proof of Concept Here are codes which contain a...

Fee-on-transfer/deflationary tokens cause problems

Lines of code Vulnerability details Some ERC20 tokens, such as Tether USDT, allow for charging a fee any time transfer or transferFrom is called. If a contract does not allow for amounts to change after transfers, subsequent transfer operations based on the original amount will revert due to the...

buyFromPrivateSaleFor() Will Fail if The Buyer Has Insufficient Balance Due to an Open Offer on The Same NFT

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The buyFromPrivateSaleFor function allows sellers to make private sales to users. If insufficient ETH is provided to the function call, the protocol will attempt to withdraw the amount difference from the user's unlocked balance. However, if the same use...

[WP-M6] Inappropriate support of EIP-2981

Lines of code Vulnerability details if nftContract.supportsERC165InterfacetypeIRoyaltyInfo.interfaceId try IRoyaltyInfonftContract.royaltyInfo gas: READONLYGASLIMIT tokenId, BASISPOINTS returns address receiver, uint256 / royaltyAmount / if receiver != address0 recipients = new address payable;...

Missing receiver validation in withdrawFunds

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The CollateralManagement.withdrawFunds function does not validate its to parameter. Funds can be lost if to is the zero address. Similar issues have been judged as medium recently, see Sandclock M-15 / Github issue Recommended Mitigation Steps Check that...

Lack of exception handling

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact After looking through the following functions: NFTMarketOffer.sol::264 - IERC721nftContract.transferFrommsg.sender, offer.buyer, tokenId NFTMarketPrivateSale.sol::177 - nftContract.transferFromseller, msg.sender, tokenId; We were able to reach the...

Upgradable escrow contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Upgradable escrow contract pose great risk to user who approved their NFT to the contract. Most popular token / NFT exchange do not require user approve their asset to admin upgradable contract. This also increase user gas usage because they would have t...

NFTMarketReserveAuction: After calling adminAccountMigration to update auction.seller, other users cannot buy the NFT even before bidding starts.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The adminAccountMigration function will update auction.seller to newAddress. Consider the following situation: 1. User A calls the setBuyPrice function and the createReserveAuction function to set the buy price and start the auction for his NFT. 2. The...

Incorrect implementation when accepting offer from unsettled auctions

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact FNDNFTMarket allows market offer to be made on auctioned NFTs that have not been finalised by the auction winner. Auction winner can call acceptOffer to accept the offer and finalise the auction in a single call. However, the current implementation has a...

Auction DOS On The Bidding

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact During the code review, It has been observed that If the bidder is contract, the bidder can make auction infunctional. Proof of Concept 1. Navigate to the following contract. 2. Auction has public function named as placeBid. 3. Example Poc steps can be...

IERC4626RouterBase - withdraw - slippage does not work

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The router does not have the intended behavior: according to the EIP , withdraw burn shares to withdraw exactly assets, so the slippage protection should protect the user from burning too many shares. Furthermore, comments in the interface are incorrect ...

QA Report

LOW : 1. Title : Missing limit on how many AMMs can be added Impact : The governance can add an amm, by calling whitelistAmm function, however there is no limit on how many amm that the contract can be held, if the governance keep adding amm, then the clearing house will brick with out of gas,...

No check for stale chainlink oracle data in getUnderlyingPrice function

Lines of code Vulnerability details No check for stale chainlink oracle data in getUnderlyingPrice function Impact There is no check if the value of answer returned by chainlink latestRoundData is latest or stale. If stale price is returned, it may result in wrong calculation used in upstream...

InsuranceFund depositors can be priced out & deposits can be stolen

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The InsuranceFund.deposit function mints initial shares equal to the deposited amount. The deposit / withdraw functions also use the VUSD contract balance for the shares computation. balance = vusd.balanceOfaddressthis It's possible to increase the share...

TurboRouter: Dangerous PeripheryPayments Contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact As an entry contract, the TurboRouter contract plays an important role in interacting with users. And the TurboRouter contract inherits from the PeripheryPayments contract. In the PeripheryPayments contract, anyone can use the tokens and ETH in the...

User can't create TurboSafe through TurboMaster.createSafe()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A user can't create a safe because of the requiresAuth modifier in createSafe. Neither directly through the TurboMaster contract nor through the router. Proof of Concept Here's the test file I used to confirm it. I had to modify the contracts a little bi...

Mint does not produce the intended amount of shares

Lines of code Vulnerability details Resubmitting this issue with a better explanation, apologize for the double submit. Impact In the mint function, it should produce shares token, but there is an inattention mistake and it produces amount tokens. Proof of Concept Assume the contract manages 1000...

DoS by Creating Excessive Length withdrawals List.

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact It is possible for an attacker to add a large number of withdrawals to the list withdrawals. The result is that users will be required to submit numerous processWithdrawals transactions before they are able to withdraw any of their own funds. This may...

Arbitrary fees

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Function transferBribes has a parameter named fees. Essentially, it allows an admin to apply any arbitrary fees and send them to the feeRecipient. This makes no sense because admins can manipulate the amounts however they want with 0 restrictions. I see...

Slurp misses boost cap checks

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Missing checks of canSafeBoostVault in onSafeSlurp function in TurboMaster.solL279. The current vault deposit could already be at BoostCap. Calling slurp on this vault would add interest on the getTotalFeiBoostedForVaultV which will now becomes BoostCap...

authenticate modifier can be bypassed

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact In TurboRouter.sol the authenticate modifier checks if the msg.sender is equal to the owner function of an arbitrary address provided by the caller. Anyone can simply make a contract of the same type with the owner function returning an address that equa...

Missing input validation in _claim function at RewardDistributor.sol

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description All the functions present in the contract were found to have input validation except the claim functions. The function at inputs the user's value and then is processed at and is lacking all form of input validation. Impact Users can supply illegal...

non erc20 token might revert when calling emergencyWithdrawERC20()

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact when there is an emergency situation, the admin can call emergencyWithdrawERC20 to save the funds, however due to mismatch between non erc20 token like USDT and openzeppelin IERC20 where the open zeppelin IERC20 is expecting a return on the transfer...

Name squatting

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Creating profiles through LensHub/PublishingLogic.createProfile does not cost anything and will therefore result in "name squatting". A whitelisted profile creator will create many handles that are in demand, even if they don't need them, just to flip th...

NestedFactory does not track operators properly

Lines of code Vulnerability details NestedFactory extends the MixinOperatorResolver contract which comes from the synthetix/MixinResolver.sol code base where the expectation is that isResolverCached returns false until rebuildCache is called and the cache is fully up to date. Due to a medium issu...