PCIe Specification Issues

Summary PCIe SIG in industry coordination with CERT CC is releasing details on three PCIe specification issues...

GPUHammer: Rowhammer Attacks on GPU Memories are Practical

Revisions Revision Date| Description ---|--- 2025-12-03| Initial publication...

Incorrect Secure Flag Usage in Versal™ Adaptive SoC Arm® Trusted Firmware

Summary The Secure Flag passed to Versal™ Adaptive SoC’s Arm Trusted Firmware for Cortex®-A processors TF-A for Arm’s Power State Coordination Interface PSCI commands were incorrectly set to secure instead of using the processor’s actual security state. This would allow the PSCI requests to appea...

Stale Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) Entry Vulnerability

Summary An internally reported microcode bug in some EPYC™ AMD CPUs could allow a local admin-privileged attacker to run SEV-SNP Secure Encrypted Virtualization - Secure Nested Paging guests using stale TLB entries. This bug could allow SNP active vCPUs to reuse TLB entries from other virtual...

AMD μProf Vulnerabilities

Summary A bug bounty researcher reported multiple vulnerabilities within the AMD μProf tool. In these reports, the researcher notes that the AMD μProf vulnerability has multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities and an improper return value vulnerability, which could potentially result in...

AMD StoreMi™ Vulnerabilities

Summary Researchers have reported potential vulnerabilities in AMD StoreMi™ technology which may allow escalation of privilege. AMD StoreMi™ technology was a tool for users looking to improve load time, boot time, file management, or system responsiveness. AMD StoreMi™ falls outside of the securi...

AMD Xilinx Run Time (XRT) Vulnerabilities

Summary The researchers reported vulnerabilities within AMD Xilinx Run Time XRT drivers, particularly in user space XRT driver XOCL. These drivers are delivered as part of the AMD XRT framework. Please refer to the CVE Details section for further information on each of these vulnerabilities...

Missing Use of the Secure Flag in Zynq™ UltraScale+™ SoC Trusted Firmware

Summary A researcher reported that the security state of the calling processor into Trusted Firmware TF-A is not used and could potentially allow non-secure processors access to secure memories, access to crypto operations, and the ability turn on and off subsystems within the SoC...

Compromising Trusted Execution Environments through DDR5 Memory Bus Interposition

Summary Researchers successfully executed a physical bus interposition attack targeting server-grade DDR5 memory, compromising the confidentiality of encrypted data during runtime. AMD does not plan to provide mitigations since physical vector attacks are out of scope for AMD SEV-SNP. as detailed...

RDSEED Failure on AMD “Zen 5” Processors

Summary AMD was notified of a bug in “Zen 5” processors that may cause the RDSEED instruction to return 0 at a rate inconsistent with randomness while incorrectly signaling success CF=1, indicating a potential misclassification of failure as success. This issue was initially reported publicly via...

Physical Address Bit Leakage on AMD SEV-SNP Systems

Revisions Revision Date| Description ---|--- 2025-10-20| Initial publication...

Prefetcher Side Channel Attack

Revisions Revision Date| Description ---|--- 2025-10-17| Initial publication...

SEV-SNP RMP Initialization Vulnerability

Summary Researchers from ETHz reported that a malicious hypervisor could corrupt the Reverse Map Table RMP during Secure Nested Paging SNP initialization. AMD reproduced the issue and determined it is due to a race condition that can occur while the AMD Secure Processor ASP is initializing the RM...

SEV-SNP Physical Memory Aliasing

Summary Researchers have reported a method for privileged attackers with physical access to a motherboard to potentially compromise confidentiality and integrity of AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization – Secure Nesting Paging SEV-SNP guests. AMD does not plan to release any mitigations in response...

DRAM Related Side Channel Attacks

Summary Researchers have provided AMD with a paper titled “Quo VADIS DDR5? Verifying Addressing of DRAM In Software.” In this paper, the authors present an approach to verifying DRAM addressing functions from software using the DRAM row conflict side channel. The authors claim that the presented...

Undervoltage-based Static Side-channel Attacks (“Chypnosis”) on FPGAs

Summary This document describes a potential attack technique against FPGA devices that leverages side-channel analysis SCA techniques to physically extract register and memory content from the device. In applications following best practices for security, critical data, such as decryption keys, i...

Phoenix: Rowhammer Attacks on DDR5 Memory

Mitigation AMD released updated Platform Initialization PI packages to the Original Equipment Manufacturers OEM for AMD Ryzen™ Series processors. These updates allow customers to enable Mixed Refresh Mode, which is an existing DRAM workaround to rowhammer-style attacks. Please contact your OEM fo...

Branch Predictor Isolation in KVM-QEMU

Summary Researchers claim new KVM-QEMU primitives allow exploitation of Spectre V2 resulting in information leakage in various cloud scenarios. KVM-QEMU is a combination of KVM Kernel-based Virtual Machine, a Linux kernel module that enables hardware-assisted virtualization and Quick Emulator QEM...

AMD Server Vulnerabilities – August 2025

Summary Potential vulnerabilities in AMD EPYC™ Processor platforms that affect IOMMU, AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization – Secure Nested Paging SEV-SNP and other platform components, were found during audits performed internally and by third parties. Mitigations have been provided in AMD EPYC™...

Physical Attacks Leading to Bypass of ASP Boot ROM Secure Boot

Summary Researchers shared a report titled “Code Execution on Zen 4 PSP using Voltage Fault Injection.” In the paper, the researchers reported their findings on Voltage Fault Injection VFI attacks targeting AMD “Zen 4” CPUs, specifically the Ryzen™ 8600G model. The researchers claim these types o...

AMD Client Vulnerabilities – August 2025

Summary Potential vulnerabilities in AMD Client Processor platforms that affect SMM, ASP, and other platform components, were found during audits performed internally and by third parties...

SEV Ciphertext Side Channel Attacks

Summary AMD has received reports from two research groups detailing methods by which a malicious hypervisor could potentially execute a side channel attack against a running secure encrypted virtualization – secure nested paging SEV-SNP guest. The first report, titled “Relocate + Vote: Exploiting...

AMD Embedded Vulnerabilities – August 2025

Summary Potential vulnerabilities in AMD Embedded processors were reported, and mitigations are being provided through Platform Initialization PI firmware packages...

Voltage Fault Injection on SEV Virtual Machines

Summary Researchers shared with AMD a report titled “Voltage Fault Injection on SEV-protected Virtual Machines.” The report noted a Voltage Fault Injection VFI attack targeting AMD EPYC™ 7272 CPUs running Secure Encrypted Virtualization SEV protected virtual machines VMs. Physical attacks such as...

AMD Graphics Vulnerabilities – August 2025

Summary Audits performed on AMD graphics and datacenter accelerator products, as well as external reports received by AMD, uncovered potential vulnerabilities affecting AMD graphics, datacenter, and some client processors...

AMD Adrenalin Driver Embedded Chromium Browser

Affected Products and Mitigation AMD recommends users concerned about potential vulnerabilities in Chromium keep the web browser setting disabled until mitigations have been released. AMD is planning to release updates for AMD Software: Adrenalin Edition which will include a newer version of...

Microarchitectural Attacks on the Stack Engine

Summary Researchers from ETH Zurich have published a paper titled “One Flew over the Stack Engine’s Nest: Practical Microarchitectural Attacks on the Stack Engine.” AMD continues to recommend software developers employ existing best practices including constant time algorithm and avoid...

EDK2 SMM MCE Enablement Issue

Summary A researcher reported a bug in the open source EDK2 system management interrupt SMI entry code when an MCE occurs near the start of the SMI handler. An attacker who can inject a machine check exception MCE could cause execution to jump to an attacker-controlled interrupt handler, leading ...

AMD Transient Scheduler Attacks

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7029 Potential Impact: Loss of Confidentiality Severity: Medium Summary AMD discovered several transient scheduler attacks related to the execution timing of instructions under specific microarchitectural conditions while investigating a Microsoft® report titled “Enter, Exit, Page...

Zynq™ UltraScale+™ SoC Overwriting Protected Memory Regions Through PMU Firmware

AMD ID: AMD-SB-8008 Potential Impact: Loss of confidentiality and Integrity Severity: Medium Summary In Zynq™ UltraScale+™ devices, the Platform Management Unit PMU Firmware is designed to implement runtime post boot software services that allow a remote processor to command the PMU to execute...

TPM Reference Implementation

CVE Details assigned by the TCG Refer to Glossary for explanation of terms CVE| CVSS Score| CVE Description ---|---|--- CVE-2025-2884| 6.6 Medium CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H| An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in TPM2.0's Module Library allowing a read past the end of a...

Unauthorized Access to AMD Secure Processor’s Crypto-Co-Processor

CVE Details Refer to Glossary for explanation of terms CVE| CVSS Score| CVE Description ---|---|--- CVE-2023-20599| 7.9 High CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N| Improper register access control in ASP may allow a privileged attacker to perform unauthorized access to ASP’s Crypto...

Versal Adaptive SoC – Overwriting Protected Memory Regions through PLM Firmware

AMD ID: AMD-SB-8010 Potential Impact: Loss of confidentiality and Integrity Severity: Medium Summary In Versal™ Adaptive SoC devices, the Platform Loader and Manager PLM implements runtime post-boot software services that can allow a remote processor to command the PLM to execute cryptographic...

Versal™ Adaptive SoC – Improper Configuration of the Secure Stream Switch during Post-Boot Cryptographic Operations

AMD ID: AMD-SB-8011 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary In Versal™ Adaptive SoC devices, the Platform Loader and Manager PLM implements runtime post-boot software services that allows a remote processor to command the PLM to execute cryptographic operations – including AES, SHA3, RSA, ECD...

IOLeak - CPU Side Channel Attacks

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7042 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary Researchers have provided AMD with a summary of relevant remarks and findings detailed in a paper titled “IOLeak Side-Channel Attack Exploiting CPU Frequency Scaling and I/O Latency.” AMD reviewed the summary and believes this attack...

Spectre-v2 Domain Isolation

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7034 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary Researchers from VU Amsterdam have shared with AMD a paper exploring the effectiveness of domain isolation against Spectre-v2 type attacks. AMD believes the techniques described by the researchers are not applicable to AMD products...

AMD Optimizing CPU Libraries (AOCL) Vulnerabilities

CVE Details Refer to Glossary for explanation of terms CVE| CVSS Score| CVE Description ---|---|--- CVE-2024-21960| 7.3highCVSS3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H| Incorrect default permissions in the AMD Optimizing CPU Libraries AOCL installation directory could allow an attacker to achieve...

Privilege Desynchronization: Cross-Privilege Spectre Attacks with Branch Privilege Injection

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7030 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary Researchers from ETH Zurich have provided AMD with a paper titled “Privilege Desynchronization: Cross-Privilege Spectre Attacks with Branch Privilege Injection.” AMD reviewed the paper and believes that this vulnerability does not...

AMD uProf Vulnerability

CVE Details Refer to Glossary for explanation of terms CVE| CVSS Severity| CVE Description ---|---|--- CVE-2024-36340| 6.6 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N| A junction point vulnerability within AMD uProf can allow a local low-privileged attacker to create junction points,...

AMD Manageability Tools Vulnerabilities

AMD ID: AMD-SB-9015 Potential Impact: Arbitrary Code execution Severity: High Summary Vulnerabilities were reported in various AMD Manageability Tools. AMD has provided mitigations for these issues. Please refer to Affected Products and Mitigations below...

Spectre-Branch Status Eviction (BSE) Vulnerability on ARM® Processors

AMD ID: AMD-SB-8007 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary According to the ARM® security team, Spectre-BSE exploits a microarchitectural mechanism that equips an adversary with a weak form of control over the victim’s branch history despite existing protections. This can lead to exploitativ...

AMD Ryzen™ AI Software Vulnerabilities

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7037 Potential Impact: Refer to the CVE Details section Severity: High Summary AMD Bug Bounty researchers reported four vulnerabilities in AMD Ryzen™ AI Software...

Branch History Leak

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7026 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary Researchers from The Harbin Institute of Technology have shared with AMD a paper titled “Branch History LeakeR: Leveraging Branch History to Construct a New Side Channel-Theory and Practice” that demonstrates a side channel attack...

AMD CPU Microcode Signature Verification Vulnerability

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7033 Potential Impact: Loss of integrity of x86 instruction execution, loss of confidentiality and integrity of data in x86 CPU privileged context and compromise of SMM execution environment Severity: Medium Summary Researchers from Google®have provided AMD with a report titled “AM...

PAGE PREFETCHER ATTACK

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7040 Potential Impact: N/A Severity: N/A Summary Researchers have disclosed to AMD a potential exploit, the page prefetcher attack PPA, a prefetcher-based side-channel attack. AMD has evaluated the paper and does not believe there are any new security implications...

AMD Graphics Driver for Linux®

AMD ID: AMD-SB-6021 Potential Impact: Varies by CVE, see descriptions below Severity: Varies by CVE, see descriptions below Summary Researchers have reported potential vulnerabilities affecting AMD Graphics Driver for Linux®...

CROSS-PROCESS GPU MEMORY DISCLOSURE

AMD ID: AMD-SB-6019 Potential Impact: Loss of Confidentiality Severity: Medium Summary A vulnerability in the Linux® drivers for AMD GPUs could allow cross-process disclosure of GPU global memory...

AMD SMM Vulnerabilities

AMD ID: AMD-SB-7027 Potential Impact: Arbitrary Code Execution Severity: High Summary Quarkslab reported vulnerabilities that could allow attackers to execute code within SMM System Management Mode. CVE-2024-21925 is the result of a lack of sufficient input buffers validation within the...

AMD Ryzen™ Master Utility DLL Hijacking Vulnerability

AMD ID: AMD-SB-9010 Potential Impact: Arbitrary Code Execution Severity: High Summary A researcher reported a DLL hijacking vulnerability within the AMD Ryzen™ Master Utility. AMD Ryzen™ Master Utility is a tool designed to unlock and customize the performance of AMD Ryzen™ processors. It can...

AMD DASH CLI Incorrect Default Permissions Vulnerability

AMD ID: AMD-SB-9008 Potential Impact: Arbitrary Code Execution Severity: High Summary A researcher reported an incorrect default permissions vulnerability within the AMD DASH CLI Software. The AMD Desktop and mobile Architecture for System Hardware DASH Command Line Interface CLI is a command-lin...