Adobe Systems - Arbitrary Code Injection Vulnerability

Document Title:
===============
Adobe Systems - Arbitrary Code Injection Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=2120

PSIRT ID: 7873

Vulnerability Magazine: https://www.vulnerability-db.com/?q=articles/2018/07/19/hacker-injects-arbitrary-codes-main-lead-database-adobe-systems

Acknowledgements: (Industry Partners) https://helpx.adobe.com/security/acknowledgements.html

News References: 
https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/07/19/adobe_internal_systems_bug/
https://www.scmagazineuk.com/vulnerability-adobe-main-lead-database-allow-hackers-inject-own-malicious-script-codes/article/1488447
https://www.securityweek.com/adobe-patches-vulnerability-affecting-internal-systems


Release Date:
=============
2018-07-19


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
2120


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
6.4


Vulnerability Class:
====================
Multiple


Current Estimated Price:
========================
5.000€ - 10.000€


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Adobe Systems Incorporated commonly known as Adobe, is an American multinational computer software company. 
The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of 
multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application software 
development. It is best known for Photoshop, an image editing software, Acrobat Reader, the Portable Document Format 
(PDF), and Adobe Creative Suite, as well as its successor, Adobe Creative Cloud.

(COpy of the Homepage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Systems )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The vulnerability laboratory core research team discovered arbitrary code execution vulnerability in the Adobe Systems main lead database management system.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2018-02-05: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Security Researcher)
2018-02-08: Vendor Notification (Adobe PSIRT - Security Department)
2018-02-12: Vendor Response/Feedback (Adobe PSIRT - Security Department)
2018-02-16: Reporter Response/Feedback #1 (Security Researcher)
2018-02-27: Reporter Response/Feedback #2 (Security Researcher)
2018-03-04: Reporter Response/Feedback #3 (Security Researcher)
2018-06-14: Vendor Fix/Patch (Adobe Service Developer Team)
2018-06-15: Security Acknowledgements (Adobe PSIRT - Security Department)
2018-06-19: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Adobe Systems
Product: Main Lead DBMS - *.adobesystems.com 2018 Q2


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Authentication Type:
====================
Pre auth - no privileges


User Interaction:
=================
Low User Interaction


Disclosure Type:
================
Responsible Disclosure Program


Technical Details & Description:
================================
The vulnerability laboratory core research team discovered an arbitrary code injection vulnerability in the adobe systems main lead database management system.
The issue allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script codes and system specific codes with persistent attack vector to the application-side of 
the vulnerable modules context or affected internal services.

The arbitrary code injection vulnerability is located in the external services associated with the content of adobe systems subdomain services. 
Attackers are able to attack the adobe system's lead database by inserting arbitrary code over other database layers. This issue allows an 
attacker to perform the injection using an external service form. After the content has been delivered, the data is stored in the sub-service 
database management system. Over time, the database contents of the sub services are backed up and synchronized with the main database of the 
adobe systems. In the case of our research, we identified several external services to attack the sub-services of the adobe system and finally 
deliver the faulty content within the main lead database.

The injection points are the external services. The exeuction points are located in the backend when processing to manage the contents and 
when the content is delivered through the main lead database to other customers or business clients (commercials, mailing and notify). The 
vulnerable domain that executed the contents are adobesystems.com and info.adobesystems.com. The request method to inject is POST and the 
attack vector is located on the application-sideof adobe-systems.  To register and send an email no user account is required.

Successful exploitation of the arbitrary code injection vulnerability results in malformed dbms injects, dbms compromise, session hijacking, 
persistent phishing attacks, persistent external redirects to malicious source and manipulation of affected or connected application modules.

Vulnerable Micro Service(s):
[+] apps.enterprise.adobe.com
[+] offflivestream.creativecloud.adobeevents.com/
[+] summit-emea.adobe.com

Vulnerable Sub Service(s):
[+] landing.adobe.com
[+] offers.adobe.com
[+] sstats.adobe.com/b/ss/adbadobefaasprod,adbadobeglobalapp/1/JS-2.5.0/s3118621512273 

Request Method(s):
[+] POST

Vulnerable File(s):
[+] m.jsp
[+] adobe_econsultancy_digital_trends_2017.html
[+] submit.html
[+] form.html

Parameter(s):
[+] firstname
[+] lastname
[+] companyname

Affected Domain(s):
[+] adobe.com
[+] info.adobesystems.com
[+] t.info.adobesystems.com
[+] m.info.adobesystems.com
[+] t-info.mail.adobe.com


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The arbitrary code injection vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers without privileged user account and with low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.


1. PoC: Injection Points External
https://apps.enterprise.adobe.com/faas/service/3.0.0/submit
https://offflivestream.creativecloud.adobeevents.com/register/registration/form
https://summit-emea.adobe.com/emea/registration/?sdid=ZFN4FLWT&mv=email
https://creativecloud.adobeevents.com/register/registration/form

2. PoC: Followed Sub Systems
http://landing.adobe.com/
https://offers.adobe.com/de/de/marketing/landings/digitale_trends_2017.html
https://offers.adobe.com/de/de/marketing/offers/adobe_econsultancy_digital_trends_2017.html
http://t-info.mail.adobe.com/r/?id=t3100ff18,90990a66,90990bea
https://sstats.adobe.com/b/ss/adbadobefaasprod,adbadobeglobalapp/1/JS-2.5.0/s3118621512273 

3. PoC: Execution Points
https://www.adobe.com/de/modal-offers/how-to-data-to-customer-intelligence.html
http://t.info.adobesystems.com//r/?id=h70201f92,8cea7339,8cea733a
http://t.info.adobesystems.com//r/?id=h70201f92,8cea7339,8cea7343&p1=%40HeFLnKJ3LTguSxrRQIi3boBCMRBrTTbGPcHOK%2F%2BwiM4%3D

Note: The following example shows 
1. Enterprise to stats adobe
2. After that occurs a sync to the sub domain service
3. Then the data is merged to the info adobe service
4. Some sync and backups later the content is inside the main lead database


--- PoC Session Logs (POST Inject)---
Status: 200[OK]
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Vulnerable Source: Service Email #1 (Test)
<tbody><tr><td class="mobile-spacer" style="width:60px;" width="60">&nbsp;</td>
 <td class="headline" style="color:#2F303D; font-family:serenity, Helvetica Neue, 
Helvetica, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:30px; line-height:25px; padding-top:40px;" 
align="center"><strong>RAGEN SIE HERAUS MIT GROSSARTIGEN ERLEBNISSEN.</strong></td>
<td class="mobile-spacer" style="width:60px;" width="60">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td class="mobile-spacer" style="width:60px;" width="60">&nbsp;</td>
<td style="color:#2F303D; font-family:adobe-clean, Helvetica Neue Light, Helvetica Light, 
Helvetica, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:16px; font-weight:100; line-height:19px; padding-top:12px;" 
align="center">Sehr geehrter Herr "<[PAYLOAD EXECUTION POINT FIRSTNAME & LASTNAME])" <,<br=""><br>das 
Erlebnis w&auml;chst sich gerade zum wichtigsten Faktor  bei der Kundenbindung aus. Erlebnisse, die pers&ouml;nlich, 
begeisternd und konsistent auf jedem Kanal und Endger&auml;t sind – das ist jetzt Ihr gr&ouml;ßter Wettbewerbsvorteil.
<br><br>Besuchen Sie unseren Adobe Summit EMEA 2018. Erleben Sie bei uns, was es f&uuml;r außergew&ouml;hnliche 
digitale Erlebnisse wirklich braucht. Erfahren Sie von Unternehmen wie <strong>Sky, DHL</strong> oder 
<strong>Raiffeisen</strong>, wie sie diese neuartigen Erlebnis-Angebote realisiert haben, die ihre Gesch&auml;ftsmodelle 
heute bereits von der Konkurrenz abheben.


Vulnerable Source: Service Email #2 (Test)
<td class="mobile" style="display: none; max-height:0; font-size:0; height:0;padding:0;margin:0;width:0;" valign="top">
<a href="http://t.info.adobesystems.com//r/?id=h545ac15,8dd8df42,8dd8df46&amp;p1=7011O000002bSn9QAE&amp;p2=0031400002mfNt5AAE" 
target="_blank" style="color:#0099ff;"><img class="mobile-image" alt="Weil wir innovativ bleiben, liegen wir weiterhin vorne." src="https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/fr/solutions/digital-marketing/events/images/other/49460e.de.because-we-keep-innovating-we-keep-leading.640x597.jpg" 
style="vertical-align:top; overflow:hidden;display:none;visibility:hidden;width:0;max-height:0;" width="320" vspace="0" hspace="0" height="340" border="0">
</a>
</td>
<!--<![endif]-->
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="mobile-padding" style="padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-top:14px;" valign="top" bgcolor="#000000">
<table style="mso-cellspacing: 0px; mso-padding-alt: 0px 0px 0px 0px; width:100%;" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mobile-text" style="color:#ffffff; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; line-height:18px; 
padding-top:12px;" valign="top">
Sehr geehrter Herr "%20"[PAYLOAD EXECUTION POINT FIRSTNAME & LASTNAME],<br=""><br>Forrester stuft Adobe als Leader bei Web-Analysen ein. 
Lesen Sie in <i>The Forrester Wave<sup style="line-height:95%;">â„¢</sup>: Web Analytics, Q4 2017</i>, weshalb wir weiter den Ton angeben 
– mit aussagekräftigen und verwertbaren Einblicken für alle Mitarbeiter im Unternehmen.
</tr>


Reference(s):
https://www.adobe.com
http://t.info.adobesystems.com
http://m.info.adobesystems.com
https://offers.adobe.com
https://sstats.adobe.com
https://apps.enterprise.adobe.com
https://summit-emea.adobe.com
http://landing.adobe.com
http://t-info.mail.adobe.com
https://offflivestream.creativecloud.adobeevents.com


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
1. Restrict and filter the input fields and disallow usage of script code tags for inputs
2. Encode the context of the input fields during the post method request submit to prevent malformed injects
3. Parse the firstname and lastname and company values in outgoing emails with all adobe service templates
4. Implement a filter mechanism with exception-handling to parse contents delivered from an external service to the sub-service followed by the main lead database
5. Provide awareness to employees by explaining the specific impact of the attack points to prevent the manual delivery
6. Develop a process to remove compromised information from the main database or backups
7. Ensure that a web-firewall captures those incidents to alert or react to ensure that an attacker is not able to move through the separate database segments

The reported urls has been reported and disarmed already by the adobe systems psirt and developer team. The issue has been patched in multiple functions.
The forumulars are already restricted and the case scenario has been full transparent delivered to ensure the problematic becomes visible to adobe. 
(Example: http://t.info.adobesystems.com//r/?id=h70201f92,8cea7339,8cea7343&p1=%40HeFLnKJ3LTguSxrRQIi3boBCMRBrTTbGPcHOK%2F%2BwiM4%3D)


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the arbitrary code injection vulnerability in the adobe web services are estimated as high.


Credits & Authors:
==================
Benjamin K.M. (Vulnerability Laboratory Core Research Team)[[email protected]] - https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Benjamin+K.M.


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=========================
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