CVE-2025-54873 RISC Zero Underconstrained Vulnerability: Division

RISC Zero is a zero-knowledge verifiable general computing platform based on zk-STARKs and the RISC-V microarchitecture. RISC packages risc0-zkvm versions 2.0.0 through 2.1.0 and risc0-circuit-rv32im and risc0-circuit-rv32im-sys versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.4 contain vulnerabilities where signed...

Cryptographic Data Exchange for Nuclear Warheads

Nuclear arms control treaties have historically focused on strategic nuclear delivery systems, leaving nuclear warheads outside formal verification frameworks. This paper presents a cryptographic protocol for secure and verifiable warhead tracking, addressing challenges in nuclear warhead...

Towards Trustworthy AI: Secure Deepfake Detection Using CNNs and Zero-Knowledge Proofs

In the era of synthetic media, deepfake manipulations pose a significant threat to information integrity. To address this challenge, we propose TrustDefender, a two-stage framework comprising i a lightweight convolutional neural network CNN that detects deepfake imagery in real-time extended...

SmartphoneDemocracy: Privacy-Preserving E-Voting on Decentralized Infrastructure Using Novel European Identity

The digitization of democratic processes promises greater accessibility but presents challenges in terms of security, privacy, and verifiability. Existing electronic voting systems often rely on centralized architectures, creating single points of failure and forcing too much trust in authorities...

Quantum-Resilient Privacy Ledger (QRPL): a Sovereign Digital Currency for the Post-Quantum Era

The emergence of quantum computing presents profound challenges to existing cryptographic infrastructures, whilst the development of central bank digital currencies CBDCs has raised concerns regarding privacy preservation and excessive centralisation in digital payment systems. This paper propose...

CVE-2025-52884

RISC Zero is a zero-knowledge verifiable general computing platform, with Ethereum integration. The risc0-ethereum repository contains Solidity verifier contracts, Steel EVM view call library, and supporting code. Prior to versions 2.1.1 and 2.2.0, the Steel.validateCommitment Solidity library...

ZKPROV: a Zero-Knowledge Approach to Dataset Provenance for Large Language Models

As the deployment of large language models LLMs grows in sensitive domains, ensuring the integrity of their computational provenance becomes a critical challenge, particularly in regulated sectors such as healthcare, where strict requirements are applied in dataset usage. We introduce ZKPROV, a...

CVE-2025-52884 risc0-ethereum-contracts allows invalid commitment with digest value of zero to be accepted by Steel.validateCommitment

RISC Zero is a zero-knowledge verifiable general computing platform, with Ethereum integration. The risc0-ethereum repository contains Solidity verifier contracts, Steel EVM view call library, and supporting code. Prior to versions 2.1.1 and 2.2.0, the Steel.validateCommitment Solidity library...

ZK-SERIES: Privacy-Preserving Authentication Using Temporal Biometric Data

Biometric authentication relies on physiological or behavioral traits that are inherent to a user, making them difficult to lose, forge or forget. Biometric data with a temporal component enable the following authentication protocol: recent readings of the underlying biometrics are encoded as tim...

Yotta: a Large-Scale Trustless Data Trading Scheme for Blockchain System

Data trading is one of the key focuses of Web 3.0. However, all the current methods that rely on blockchain-based smart contracts for data exchange cannot support large-scale data trading while ensuring data security, which falls short of fulfilling the spirit of Web 3.0. Even worse, there is...

Verifiable Unlearning on Edge

Machine learning providers commonly distribute global models to edge devices, which subsequently personalize these models using local data. However, issues such as copyright infringements, biases, or regulatory requirements may require the verifiable removal of certain data samples across all edg...

On Immutable Memory Systems for Artificial Agents: a Blockchain-Indexed Automata-Theoretic Framework Using ECDH-Keyed Merkle Chains

This paper presents a formalized architecture for synthetic agents designed to retain immutable memory, verifiable reasoning, and constrained epistemic growth. Traditional AI systems rely on mutable, opaque statistical models prone to epistemic drift and historical revisionism. In contrast, we...

Fair Data Exchange with Constant-Time Proofs

The Fair Data Exchange FDE protocol introduced at CCS 2024 offers atomic pay-per-file transfers with constant-size proofs, but its prover and verifier runtimes still scale linearly with the file length n. We collapse these costs to essentially constant by viewing the file as a rate-1 Reed-Solomon...

Zero-Knowledge Proof-Of-Location Protocols for Vehicle Subsidies and Taxation Compliance

This paper introduces a new set of privacy-preserving mechanisms for verifying compliance with location-based policies for vehicle taxation, or for electric vehicle EV subsidies, using Zero-Knowledge Proofs ZKPs. We present the design and evaluation of a Zero-Knowledge Proof-of-Location ZK-PoL...

Emission Impossible: Privacy-Preserving Carbon Emissions Claims

Information and Communication Technologies ICT have a significant climate impact, and data centres account for a large proportion of the carbon emissions from ICT. To achieve sustainability goals, it is important that all parties involved in ICT supply chains can track and share accurate carbon...

Applications of Zero-Knowledge Proofs on Bitcoin

This paper explores how zero-knowledge proofs can enhance Bitcoin's functionality and privacy. First, we consider Proof-of-Reserve schemes: by using zk-STARKs, a custodian can prove its Bitcoin holdings are more than a predefined threshold X, without revealing addresses or actual balances. We...

Computational Attestations of Polynomial Integrity Towards Verifiable Machine-Learning

Machine-learning systems continue to advance at a rapid pace, demonstrating remarkable utility in various fields and disciplines. As these systems continue to grow in size and complexity, a nascent industry is emerging which aims to bring machine-learning-as-a-service MLaaS to market. Outsourcing...

Hybrid Stabilization Protocol for Cross-Chain Digital Assets Using Adaptor Signatures and AI-Driven Arbitrage

Stablecoins face an unresolved trilemma of balancing decentralization, stability, and regulatory compliance. We present a hybrid stabilization protocol that combines crypto-collateralized reserves, algorithmic futures contracts, and cross-chain liquidity pools to achieve robust price adherence...

Scaling DeFi with ZK Rollups: Design, Deployment, and Evaluation of a Real-Time Proof-Of-Concept

Ethereum's scalability limitations pose significant challenges for the adoption of decentralized applications dApps. Zero-Knowledge Rollups ZK Rollups present a promising solution, bundling transactions off-chain and submitting validity proofs on-chain to enhance throughput and efficiency. In thi...

Confidential Guardian: Cryptographically Prohibiting the Abuse of Model Abstention

Cautious predictions -- where a machine learning model abstains when uncertain -- are crucial for limiting harmful errors in safety-critical applications. In this work, we identify a novel threat: a dishonest institution can exploit these mechanisms to discriminate or unjustly deny services under...