CVE-2023-45130

Frontier (Substrate’s Ethereum compatibility layer) has a CVE-2023-45130 issue where, prior to commit aea528198b3b226e0d20cce878551fd4c0e3d5d0, invoking opcode SUICIDE on a contract that has large storage can trigger a single IO call across the WebAssembly boundary to remove all storages, potenti...

CVE-2023-45130 Frontier opcode SUICIDE touches too many storage values on large contracts

Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit aea528198b3b226e0d20cce878551fd4c0e3d5d0, at the end of a contract execution, when opcode SUICIDE marks a contract to be deleted, the software uses storage::removeprefix now renamed to storage::clearprefix to remove all storage...

CVE-2023-45130 Frontier opcode SUICIDE touches too many storage values on large contracts

Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. Prior to commit aea528198b3b226e0d20cce878551fd4c0e3d5d0, at the end of a contract execution, when opcode SUICIDE marks a contract to be deleted, the software uses storage::removeprefix now renamed to storage::clearprefix to remove all storage...

Frontier Security Vulnerabilities

Frontier is an EtherCompatible layer for Substrate. It is used to run unmodified Ether Dapps. A security vulnerability exists in previous versions of Frontier aea52819, which stems from a vulnerability that allows an attacker to create contracts with a large number of stored values on a parallel...

CVE-2023-34449

ink! is an embedded domain specific language to write smart contracts in Rust for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.2.1, the return value when using delegate call mechanics, either through CallBuilder::delegate or...

Design/Logic Flaw

ink! is an embedded domain specific language to write smart contracts in Rust for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.2.1, the return value when using delegate call mechanics, either through CallBuilder::delegate or...

CVE-2023-34449 ink! vulnerable to incorrect decoding of storage value when using `DelegateCall`

ink! is an embedded domain specific language to write smart contracts in Rust for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.2.1, the return value when using delegate call mechanics, either through CallBuilder::delegate or...

CVE-2023-34449

The CVE-2023-34449 issue affects ink! (Rust-based eDSL for Substrate). Affected versions are 4.0.0 up to, but not including, 4.2.1; the bug arises from incorrect decoding of the return value when using delegate call mechanics via CallBuilder::delegate or ink_env::invoke_contract_delegate. The roo...

CVE-2023-34449 ink! vulnerable to incorrect decoding of storage value when using `DelegateCall`

ink! is an embedded domain specific language to write smart contracts in Rust for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.2.1, the return value when using delegate call mechanics, either through CallBuilder::delegate or...

ink! 安全漏洞

ink! is an eDSL that writes smart contracts for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. A security vulnerability exists in ink! version 4.0.0 and earlier that stems from incorrect decoding of stored values when using DelegateCall...

CVE-2023-28431

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery...

Design/Logic Flaw

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery...

CVE-2023-28431

CVE-2023-28431 describes a vulnerability in Frontier’s modexp precompile used by Substrate. The implementation treats even and odd moduli differently: odd moduli use Montgomery multiplication, while even moduli fall back to a slower plain power algorithm. This mismatch caused a gas-cost discrepan...

CVE-2023-28431 Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery...

CVE-2023-28431 Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery...

Frontier 安全漏洞

Frontier is an EtherCompatible layer for Substrate. It is used to run unmodified Ethernet Dapps. A security vulnerability exists in Frontier. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to perform a denial-of-service attack...

Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus

Impact Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery multiplication, and even modulus uses the slow plain power algorithm. This gas cost...

GHSA-FCMM-54JP-7VF6 Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus

Impact Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery multiplication, and even modulus uses the slow plain power algorithm. This gas cost...

CVE-2022-39242

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Prior to commit d3beddc6911a559a3ecc9b3f08e153dbe37a8658, the worst case weight was always accounted as the block weight for all cases. In case of large EVM gas refunds, this can lead to block spamming attacks -- the adversary can constru...

Design/Logic Flaw

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Prior to commit d3beddc6911a559a3ecc9b3f08e153dbe37a8658, the worst case weight was always accounted as the block weight for all cases. In case of large EVM gas refunds, this can lead to block spamming attacks -- the adversary can constru...