PRACtical: Subarray-Level Counter Update and Bank-Level Recovery Isolation for Efficient PRAC Rowhammer Mitigation

As DRAM density increases, Rowhammer becomes more severe due to heightened charge leakage, reducing the number of activations needed to induce bit flips. The DDR5 standard addresses this threat with in-DRAM per-row activation counters PRAC and the Alert Back-Off ABO signal to trigger mitigation...

GPUHammer: New RowHammer Attack Variant Degrades AI Models on NVIDIA GPUs

NVIDIA is urging customers to enable System-level Error Correction Codes ECC as a defense against a variant of a RowHammer attack demonstrated against its graphics processing units GPUs. "Risk of successful exploitation from RowHammer attacks varies based on DRAM device, platform, design...

GPUHammer: Rowhammer Attacks on GPU Memories Are Practical

Rowhammer is a read disturbance vulnerability in modern DRAM that causes bit-flips, compromising security and reliability. While extensively studied on Intel and AMD CPUs with DDR and LPDDR memories, its impact on GPUs using GDDR memories, critical for emerging machine learning applications,...

Security Notice: Rowhammer - July 2025

NVIDIA has released this security notice in response to customer inquiries about potential impacts to NVIDIA GPUs from Rowhammer attacks. Go to NVIDIA Product Security. Details NVIDIA has received new research related to the industry-wide DRAM issue known as “Rowhammer”. The research demonstrates...

PuDHammer: Experimental Analysis of Read Disturbance Effects of Processing-Using-DRAM in Real DRAM Chips

Processing-using-DRAM PuD is a promising paradigm for alleviating the data movement bottleneck using DRAM's massive internal parallelism and bandwidth to execute very wide operations. Performing a PuD operation involves activating multiple DRAM rows in quick succession or simultaneously, i.e.,...

CnC-PRAC: Coalesce, Not Cache, Per Row Activation Counts for an Efficient In-DRAM Rowhammer Mitigation

JEDEC has introduced the Per Row Activation Counting PRAC framework for DDR5 and future DRAMs to enable precise counting of DRAM row activations using per-row activation counts. While recent PRAC implementations enable holistic mitigation of Rowhammer attacks, they impose slowdowns of up to 10% d...

A Simulation-Based Evaluation Framework for Inter-VM RowHammer Mitigation Techniques

Inter-VM RowHammer is an attack that induces a bitflip beyond the boundaries of virtual machines VMs to compromise a VM from another, and some software-based techniques have been proposed to mitigate this attack. Evaluating these mitigation techniques requires to confirm that they actually mitiga...

CLSA-2025-1748365696 sudo: Fix of CVE-2023-42465

CVE-2023-42465: Make sudo less vulnerable to ROWHAMMER attacks...

CVE-2022-42961

An issue was discovered in wolfSSL before 5.5.0. A fault injection attack on RAM via Rowhammer leads to ECDSA key disclosure. Users performing signing operations with private ECC keys, such as in server-side TLS connections, might leak faulty ECC signatures. These signatures can be processed via ...

When Mitigations Backfire: Timing Channel Attacks and Defense for PRAC-Based RowHammer Mitigations

Per Row Activation Counting PRAC has emerged as a robust framework for mitigating RowHammer RH vulnerabilities in modern DRAM systems. However, we uncover a critical vulnerability: a timing channel introduced by the Alert Back-Off ABO protocol and Refresh Management RFM commands. We present...

Remote Rowhammer Attack Using Adversarial Observations on Federated Learning Clients

Federated Learning FL has the potential for simultaneous global learning amongst a large number of parallel agents, enabling emerging AI such as LLMs to be trained across demographically diverse data. Central to this being efficient is the ability for FL to perform sparse gradient updates and...

Valkyrie: a Response Framework to Augment Runtime Detection of Time-Progressive Attacks

A popular approach to detect cyberattacks is to monitor systems in real-time to identify malicious activities as they occur. While these solutions aim to detect threats early, minimizing damage, they suffer from a significant challenge due to the presence of false positives. False positives have ...

SUSE CVE-2024-5288

An issue was discovered in wolfSSL before 5.7.0. A safe-error attack via Rowhammer, namely FAULT+PROBE, leads to ECDSA key disclosure. When WOLFSSLCHECKSIGFAULTS is used in signing operations with private ECC keys, such as in server-side TLS connections, the connection is halted if any fault...

Azure Linux 3.0 Security Update: mariadb (CVE-2024-1545)

The version of mariadb installed on the remote Azure Linux 3.0 host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the CVE-2024-1545 advisory. - Fault Injection vulnerability in RsaPrivateDecryption function in wolfssl/wolfcrypt/src/rsa.c in WolfSSL...

Azure Linux 3.0 Security Update: mariadb (CVE-2024-2881)

The version of mariadb installed on the remote Azure Linux 3.0 host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the CVE-2024-2881 advisory. - Fault Injection vulnerability in wced25519signmsg function in wolfssl/wolfcrypt/src/ed25519.c in WolfSSL...

New Research Reveals Spectre Vulnerability Persists in Latest AMD and Intel Processors

More than six years after the Spectre security flaw impacting modern CPU processors came to light, new research has found that the latest AMD and Intel processors are still susceptible to speculative execution attacks. The attack, disclosed by ETH Zürich researchers Johannes Wikner and Kaveh...

The vulnerability of the WOLFSSL_CHECKSIG_FAULTS configuration in the SSL/TLS WolfSSL library allows a perpetrator to gain unauthorized access to protected information. [source-iocs-preserved const=WOLFSSL_CHECK_SIG_FAULTS]

The vulnerability of the WOLFSSLCHECKSIGFAULTS configuration in the SSL/TLS library WolfSSL is related to improper verification of the ECDSA cryptographic signature. Exploiting this vulnerability can allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to protected information by performing a Rowhammer...

WolfSSL suffers from an unspecified vulnerability (CNVD-2024-37445)

wolfSSL CyaSSL is the United States wolfSSL company for embedded systems developers to use a small, portable embedded SSL programming library. A security vulnerability exists in WolfSSL version 5.6.6, which can be exploited by remote attackers to disclose information and elevate privileges via a...

WolfSSL suffers from an unspecified vulnerability (CNVD-2024-37447)

wolfSSL CyaSSL is the United States wolfSSL company for embedded systems developers to use a small, portable embedded SSL programming library. A security vulnerability exists in WolfSSL version 5.6.6, which can be exploited by remote attackers to disclose information and elevate privileges via a...

DEBIAN-CVE-2024-2881

Fault Injection vulnerability in wced25519signmsg function in wolfssl/wolfcrypt/src/ed25519.c in WolfSSL wolfssl5.6.6 on Linux/Windows allows remote attacker co-resides in the same system with a victim process to disclose information and escalate privileges via Rowhammer fault injection to the...