How Code Representation Shapes False-Positive Dynamics in Cross-Language LLM Vulnerability Detection

How code representation format shapes false positive behaviour in cross-language LLM vulnerability detection remains poorly understood. We systematically vary training intensity and code representation format, comparing raw source text with pruned Abstract Syntax Trees at both training time and...

Invariant-Based Robust Weights Watermark for Large Language Models

Watermarking technology has gained significant attention due to the increasing importance of intellectual property IP rights, particularly with the growing deployment of large language models LLMs on billions resource-constrained edge devices. To counter the potential threats of IP theft by...