CVE-2025-65019 Astro Cloudflare adapter has a Stored Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in /_image endpoint

Astro is a web framework. Prior to version 5.15.9, when using Astro's Cloudflare adapter @astrojs/cloudflare with output: 'server', the image optimization endpoint /image contains a critical vulnerability in the isRemoteAllowed function that unconditionally allows data: protocol URLs. This enable...