Rethinking HSM and TPM Security in the Cloud: Real-World Attacks and Next-Gen Defenses

As organizations rapidly migrate to the cloud, the security of cryptographic key management has become a growing concern. Hardware Security Modules HSMs and Trusted Platform Modules TPMs, traditionally seen as the gold standard for securing encryption keys and digital trust, are increasingly...

Quantum Software Security Challenges within Shared Quantum Computing Environments

The number of qubits in quantum computers keeps growing, but most quantum programs remain relatively small because of the noisy nature of the underlying quantum hardware. This might lead quantum cloud providers to explore increased hardware utilization, and thus profitability through means such a...

Analysis of Post-Quantum Cryptography in User Equipment in 5G and Beyond

The advent of quantum computing threatens the security of classical public-key cryptographic systems, prompting the transition to post-quantum cryptography PQC. While PQC has been analyzed in theory, its performance in practical wireless communication environments remains underexplored. This pape...

Realistic Vulnerabilities of Decoy-State Quantum Key Distribution

We analyze realistic vulnerabilities of decoy-state quantum key distribution QKD arising from the combination of laser damage attack LDA and unambiguous state discrimination USD. While decoy-state QKD is designed to protect against photon-number-splitting and beam-splitting attacks by accurately...

Quantum Skyshield: Quantum Key Distribution and Post-Quantum Authentication for Low-Altitude Wireless Networks in Adverse Skies

Recently, low-altitude wireless networks LAWNs have emerged as a critical backbone for supporting the low-altitude economy, particularly with the densification of unmanned aerial vehicles UAVs and high-altitude platforms HAPs. To meet growing data demands, some LAWN deployments incorporate...

Time Entangled Quantum Blockchain with Phase Encoding for Classical Data

With rapid advancements in quantum computing, it is widely believed that there will be quantum hardware capable of compromising classical cryptography and hence, the internet and the current information security infrastructure in the coming decade. This is mainly due to the operational realizatio...

Hybrid Classical-Quantum Rainbow Table Attack on Human Passwords

Passwords that are long and human-generated pose a challenge for both classical and quantum attacks due to their irregular structure and large search space. In this work, we present an enhanced classical-quantum hybrid attack tailored to this scenario. We build rainbow tables using dictionary-bas...

Quantum Blockchain Survey: Foundations, Trends, and Gaps

Quantum computing poses fundamental risks to classical blockchain systems by undermining widely used cryptographic primitives. In response, two major research directions have emerged: post-quantum blockchains, which integrate quantum-resistant algorithms, and quantum blockchains, which leverage...

An Adversarial Quantum Key Distribution Project

Quantum key distribution QKD is a popular introduction to quantum technologies used in education and public outreach, as very little background in quantum theory is needed and the practical applications are easily understood. There is considerably less exposure to the many real-world consideratio...

Secure Quantum Key Distribution against Correlated Leakage Source

Quantum key distribution QKD provides information theoretic security based on quantum mechanics, however, its practical deployment is challenged by imperfections of source devices. Among various source loopholes, correlations between transmitted pulses pose a significant yet underexplored securit...

Finite-Correlation-Secure Quantum Key Distribution

Correlation between different pulses is a nettlesome problem in quantum key distribution QKD. All existing solutions for this problem need to characterize the strength of the correlation, which may reduce the security of QKD to an accurate characterization. In this article, we propose a new...

Secure and Efficient Quantum Signature Scheme Based on the Controlled Unitary Operations Encryption

Quantum digital signatures ensure unforgeable message authenticity and integrity using quantum principles, offering unconditional security against both classical and quantum attacks. They are crucial for secure communication in high-stakes environments, ensuring trust and long-term protection in...

Hybrid Quantum Security for IPsec

Quantum Key Distribution QKD offers information-theoretic security against quantum computing threats, but integrating QKD into existing security protocols remains an unsolved challenge due to fundamental mismatches between pre-distributed quantum keys and computational key exchange paradigms. Thi...

Implementing and Evaluating Post-Quantum DNSSEC in CoreDNS

The emergence of quantum computers poses a significant threat to current secure service, application and/or protocol implementations that rely on RSA and ECDSA algorithms, for instance DNSSEC, because public-key cryptography based on number factorization or discrete logarithm is vulnerable to...

Quantum-Resilient Privacy Ledger (QRPL): a Sovereign Digital Currency for the Post-Quantum Era

The emergence of quantum computing presents profound challenges to existing cryptographic infrastructures, whilst the development of central bank digital currencies CBDCs has raised concerns regarding privacy preservation and excessive centralisation in digital payment systems. This paper propose...

Evaluating Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithms on Resource-Constrained Devices

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Breaking a 5-Bit Elliptic Curve Key Using a 133-Qubit Quantum Computer

This experiment breaks a 5-bit elliptic curve cryptographic key using a Shor-style quantum attack. Executed on IBM's 133-qubit ibmtorino with Qiskit Runtime 2.0, a 15-qubit circuit, comprised of 10 logical qubits and 5 ancilla, interferes over an order-32 elliptic curve subgroup to extract the...

Entangled Threats: a Unified Kill Chain Model for Quantum Machine Learning Security

Quantum Machine Learning QML systems inherit vulnerabilities from classical machine learning while introducing new attack surfaces rooted in the physical and algorithmic layers of quantum computing. Despite a growing body of research on individual attack vectors - ranging from adversarial poisoni...

CVE-2025-52473 liboqs secret-dependent branching in HQC reference implementation when compiled with Clang 17-20

liboqs is a C-language cryptographic library that provides implementations of post-quantum cryptography algorithms. Multiple secret-dependent branches have been identified in the reference implementation of the HQC key encapsulation mechanism when it is compiled with Clang for optimization levels...

Quantum Properties Trojans (QuPTs) for Attacking Quantum Neural Networks

Quantum neural networks QNN hold immense potential for the future of quantum machine learning QML. However, QNN security and robustness remain largely unexplored. In this work, we proposed novel Trojan attacks based on the quantum computing properties in a QNN-based binary classifier. Our propose...