An Operator-Norm Approach to Security with Quantum Advice

Non-uniform security allows an adversary to receive bounded advice about an oracle before attempting a fresh challenge. This captures the most realistic attacks and has already been studied extensively in prior work. In this work, we introduce an operator-norm approach for non-uniform security in...

One RNG to Rule Them All: How Randomness Becomes an Attack Vector in Machine Learning

Machine learning relies on randomness as a fundamental component in various steps such as data sampling, data augmentation, weight initialization, and optimization. Most machine learning frameworks use pseudorandom number generators as the source of randomness. However, variations in design choic...

Separating Pseudorandom Generators from Logarithmic Pseudorandom States

Pseudorandom generators PRGs are a foundational primitive in classical cryptography, underpinning a wide range of constructions. In the quantum setting, pseudorandom quantum states PRSs were proposed as a potentially weaker assumption that might serve as a substitute for PRGs in cryptographic...