Efficient Preimage Approximation for Neural Network Certification

The growing reliance on artificial intelligence in safety- and security-critical applications demands effective neural network certification. A challenging real-world use case is certification against patch attacks'', where adversarial patches or lighting conditions obscure parts of images, for...

GHSA-XWCQ-PM8M-C4VF crypto-js PBKDF2 1,000 times weaker than specified in 1993 and 1.3M times weaker than current standard

Impact Summary Crypto-js PBKDF2 is 1,000 times weaker than originally specified in 1993, and at least 1,300,000 times weaker than current industry standardOWASP PBKDF2 Cheatsheet. This is because it both 1 defaults to SHA1SHA1 wiki, a cryptographic hash algorithm considered insecure since at leas...

crypto-js PBKDF2 1,000 times weaker than specified in 1993 and 1.3M times weaker than current standard

Impact Summary Crypto-js PBKDF2 is 1,000 times weaker than originally specified in 1993, and at least 1,300,000 times weaker than current industry standardOWASP PBKDF2 Cheatsheet. This is because it both 1 defaults to SHA1SHA1 wiki, a cryptographic hash algorithm considered insecure since at leas...

[bootloader] A bytecode hash without the bytecode (preimage) can be marked as known, breaking the prover

Lines of code Vulnerability details This is a report of a finding in bootloader.yul. While the file is out of scope of the contest, the sponsor stated that they would still accept findings in the file and would judge them separately from the contest. Impact A bytecode hash for which the bytecode...

Split vulnerable to preimage attack

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact A motivated attacker could invest the resources to craft a malicious SplitsReceiver to steal all of a users' pending funds. Proof of Concept This is a non-practical implementation of the attack, but shows by extending the SplitsReceiver array by any numb...

Gobbler Merkle tree vulnerable to second preimage attack

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The Merkle tree is vulnerable to a second preimage attack due to the fact that there is no prefix to distinguish between leaves an intermediate nodes Proof of Concept There are no prefixes added to the values in MerkleProofLib and none included in what's...

[PNM-003] The preimage DB (i.e., NameWrapper.names) can be maliciously manipulated/corrupted

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description By design, the NameWrapper.names is used as a preimage DB so that the client can query the domain name by providing the token ID. The name should be correctly stored. To do so, the NameWrapper record the domain's name every time it gets wrapped. And...

Properties of secure hash functions

The news of NIST and their SHA-3 algorithm competition and a recent lunch and learn at Denim Group reminded me of the Cryptographic lectures I gave at UTSA. One of the hardest concepts my students had grasping was secure cryptographic hash functions, partially because of the number theory, but al...

CVE-2020-26896

Prior to 0.11.0-beta, LND Lightning Network Daemon had a vulnerability in its invoice database. While claiming on-chain a received HTLC output, it didn't verify that the corresponding outgoing off-chain HTLC was already settled before releasing the preimage. In the case of a hash-and-amount...

Design/Logic Flaw

Prior to 0.11.0-beta, LND Lightning Network Daemon had a vulnerability in its invoice database. While claiming on-chain a received HTLC output, it didn't verify that the corresponding outgoing off-chain HTLC was already settled before releasing the preimage. In the case of a hash-and-amount...

PT-2020-16538 · Lightning Network · Lnd

Name of the Vulnerable Software and Affected Versions: LND Lightning Network Daemon versions prior to 0.11.0-beta Description: The issue concerns a problem in the invoice database where LND failed to verify the settlement of an outgoing off-chain HTLC before releasing the preimage while claiming ...

SLOTH Collisions Attacks Against SHA-1, MD5 in TLS, IKE, SSH

If you’re hanging on to the theory that collision attacks against SHA-1 and MD5 aren’t yet practical, two researchers from INRIA, the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation, have demonstrated new attacks that raise the urgency to move away from these broken cryptographic...

MD5 Message Digest Algorithm Hash Collision Weakness

No description provided by source. source: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11849/info The MD5 algorithm is reported prone to a hash collision weakness. This weakness reportedly allows attackers to create multiple, differing input sources that, when the MD5 algorithm is used, result in the same...

Elevating Privileges Via Windows Installers

There’s an odd bit of behavior that some Windows systems will exhibit when certain kinds of installers are launched, automatically elevating the privileges of the installer process to system-level privileges. In theory, the issue shouldn’t be exploitable because at one point in the process the...