brace-expansion: Brace-expansion: Denial of Service due to exponential-time complexity

A flaw was found in brace-expansion. An attacker can exploit a vulnerability in the expand function by providing a specially crafted string. This string, containing consecutive non-expanding brace groups, can trigger exponential-time complexity, leading to significant CPU consumption and event-lo...

brace-expansion: DoS via exponential-time expansion of consecutive non-expanding {} groups

Summary brace-expansion's expand exhibits exponential-time - O2ⁿ - behavior in the number of consecutive non-expanding groups. A short, all-ASCII input 90 bytes/30 groups blocks the calling thread for minutes; a slightly longer input hangs it effectively indefinitely. Because the dominant consume...