CVE-2026-33471

nimiq-block contains block primitives to be used in Nimiq's Rust implementation. SkipBlockProof::verify computes its quorum check using BitSet.len, then iterates BitSet indices and casts each usize index to u16 slot as u16 for slot lookup. Prior to version 1.3.0, if an attacker can get a...

Nimiq 输入验证错误漏洞

Nimiq is an open-source implementation of the Albatross protocol in Rust. Prior to Nimiq 1.3.0, there was a vulnerability related to input validation. This vulnerability stemmed from the use of BitSet.len in SkipBlockProof::verify, which calculates the for slot checks. This process involves...

poc-step-finance-2026

Step Finance Stake Authority Compromise — PoC Educational...

WazirX Cryptocurrency Exchange Loses $230 Million in Major Security Breach

Indian cryptocurrency exchange WazirX has confirmed that it was the target of a security breach that led to the theft of $230 million in cryptocurrency assets. "A cyber attack occurred in one of our multi-signature wallets involving a loss of funds exceeding $230 million," the company said in a...

Ethereum blockchain security breach

Ethereum Blockchain is a decentralized open source public blockchain platform with smart contract capabilities from the Ethereum Foundation. A security vulnerability exists in Ethereum blockchain that stems from the executeTransaction function in MultiSigWallet containing incorrect access control...

Business Logic Vulnerability in dropTopVotedPiece Function

Lines of code Vulnerability details Potential Risk: The dropTopVotedPiece function in the CultureIndex contract allows the dropperAdmin to drop the top-voted piece. While the function checks if the caller is the dropperAdmin, there is a potential business logic vulnerability. The function only...

CVE-2023-42806 Snapshot signature not including HeadID will allow replay attacks

Hydra is the layer-two scalability solution for Cardano. Prior to version 0.13.0, not signing and verifying $\mathsfcid$ allows an attacker which must be a participant of this head to use a snapshot from an old head instance with the same participants to close the head or contest the state with i...

The onlySeaport is a single point of failure and a centralization risk

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The onlySeaport holds a lot of power within the system, which can compromise the system integrity and it's permission-less nature. Having a single EOA as onlySeaport is a large centralization risk and a single point of failure. A single private key may b...

The admin is a single point of failure and a centralization risk

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Having a single EOA as the only owner of contracts is a large centralization risk and a single point of failure. A single private key may be taken in a hack, or the sole holder of the key may become unable to retrieve the key when necessary. Consider...

Upgraded Q -> 2 from #66 [1686923855595]

Judge has assessed an item in Issue 66 as 2 risk. The relevant finding follows: L-13 The owner is a single point of failure and a centralization risk Having a single EOA as the only owner of contracts is a large centralization risk and a single point of failure. A single private key may be taken ...

Centralization risk for trusted owners

Lines of code Vulnerability details Description: Contracts have owners that have privileged rights to perform admin tasks. These owners need to be trusted to not perform malicious updates or drain funds. Having a single Externally Owned Account EOA as the sole owner represents a significant...

The owner is a single point of failure and a centralization risk

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Having a single EOA as the only owner of contracts is a large centralization risk and a single point of failure. A single private key may be taken in a hack, or the sole holder of the key may become unable to retrieve the key when necessary. Similar...

The owner is a single point of failure and a centralization risk (06 Instances)

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact Having a single EOA as the only owner of contracts is a large centralization risk and a single point of failure. A single private key may be taken in a hack, or the sole holder of the key may become unable to retrieve the key when necessary. Tools Used...

Zero address Pauser assignment

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact By exploiting the unpauser role's access to call setPauser with any address input, an attacker could permanently disable a core functionality pausing/unpausing the token by assigning a zero address as the pauser. No pauser would mean no ability to freeze...

Manipulation Compromised proposal processing claimDelayedWithdrawals

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact By exploiting legitimate users' access to claim delayed withdrawals, an attacker could potentially drain a sizable portion of the contract's funds before detection. Manipulative access to critical system functions poses a substantial financial risk. Proo...

Access Control Unauthorized access to restricted functions setWithdrawalDelayBlocks

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact By exploiting the owner's role through social engineering, an attacker could theoretically gain indirect control over any functions that require owner authorization. Specifically, the ability to manipulate withdrawal delays and other critical security...

A single point of failure is not acceptable for this project

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The pause function on WardenPledge.sol has a single point of failure and onlyOwner can stop all project. Owner is not behind a multisig and changes are not behind a timelock.This information hasnt got in documents Even if protocol admins/developers are n...

C4-004 : Centralization Risk

112 comment Warden: defsec Impact - LOW The system is heavily relies on the ExecutorManager. Therefore, It contains centralization risk If the execution manager is EOA and captured. Proof of Concept 1. Navigate to the following contract...

Orderers Can Unauthorized Transfer User's Share In Single Step

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact The transferFrom function of vToken.sol can be done without any user permissions or strict security checks, requires only the caller must has ORDERERROLE as the access control, exposing it to the centralize risk if an orderer is compromised or act...

Enforced Owner Can Extract Funds From The Contract

Lines of code Vulnerability details Impact During the code review, It has been observed that access control mechanisms are checked with the following line. LibDiamond.enforceIsContractOwner; The withdraw gaves abilitiy to contract owner extract all funds are sent to contract. This poses...