Backdooring Masked Diffusion Language Models

Masked diffusion language models MDLMs are emerging as a compelling new paradigm for text generation, but their training-time security remains largely unexplored. Existing backdoor attacks on Gaussian diffusion models or autoregressive language models do not directly apply to MDLMs because MDLMs...

Evaluating LLM-Generated Obfuscated XSS Payloads for Machine Learning-Based Detection

Cross-site scripting XSS remains a persistent web security vulnerability, especially because obfuscation can change the surface form of a malicious payload while preserving its behavior. These transformations make it difficult for traditional and machine learning-based detection systems to reliab...

ARES: Adaptive Red-Teaming and End-To-End Repair of Policy-Reward System

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback RLHF is central to aligning Large Language Models LLMs, yet it introduces a critical vulnerability: an imperfect Reward Model RM can become a single point of failure when it fails to penalize unsafe behaviors. While existing red-teaming approaches...

Prompt Engineering Vs. Fine-Tuning for LLM-Based Vulnerability Detection in Solana and Algorand Smart Contracts

Smart contracts have emerged as key components within decentralized environments, enabling the automation of transactions through self-executing programs. While these innovations offer significant advantages, they also present potential drawbacks if the smart contract code is not carefully design...

AI Agentic Vulnerability Injection and Transformation with Optimized Reasoning

The increasing complexity of software systems and the sophistication of cyber-attacks have underscored the critical need for effective automated vulnerability detection and repair systems. Traditional methods, such as static program analysis, face significant challenges related to scalability,...

Consiglieres in the Shadow: Understanding the Use of Uncensored Large Language Models in Cybercrimes

The advancement of AI technologies, particularly Large Language Models LLMs, has transformed computing while introducing new security and privacy risks. Prior research shows that cybercriminals are increasingly leveraging uncensored LLMs ULLMs as backends for malicious services. Understanding the...

TrojanStego: Your Language Model Can Secretly Be a Steganographic Privacy Leaking Agent

As large language models LLMs become integrated into sensitive workflows, concerns grow over their potential to leak confidential information. We propose TrojanStego, a novel threat model in which an adversary fine-tunes an LLM to embed sensitive context information into natural-looking outputs v...

DataSentinel: a Game-Theoretic Detection of Prompt Injection Attacks

LLM-integrated applications and agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where an attacker injects prompts into their inputs to induce attacker-desired outputs. A detection method aims to determine whether a given input is contaminated by an injected prompt. However, existing detection...

LLMs' Suitability for Network Security: a Case Study of STRIDE Threat Modeling

Artificial Intelligence AI is expected to be an integral part of next-generation AI-native 6G networks. With the prevalence of AI, researchers have identified numerous use cases of AI in network security. However, there are almost nonexistent studies that analyze the suitability of Large Language...

VIDSTAMP: a Temporally-Aware Watermark for Ownership and Integrity in Video Diffusion Models

The rapid rise of video diffusion models has enabled the generation of highly realistic and temporally coherent videos, raising critical concerns about content authenticity, provenance, and misuse. Existing watermarking approaches, whether passive, post-hoc, or adapted from image-based techniques...

Enhancing Vulnerability Reports with Automated and Augmented Description Summarization

Public vulnerability databases, such as the National Vulnerability Database NVD, document vulnerabilities and facilitate threat information sharing. However, they often suffer from short descriptions and outdated or insufficient information. In this paper, we introduce Zad, a system designed to...