CVE-2025-54427 Polkadot Frontier contains missing `check_inherent` for `note_min_gas_price_target` inflates gas price

Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. The extrinsic notemingaspricetarget is an inherent extrinsic, meaning only the block producer can call it. To ensure correctness, the ProvideInherent trait should be implemented for each inherent, which...

Polkadot Frontier 代码问题漏洞

Polkadot Frontier is a Polkadot EVM open source application that provides an Ether VM compatibility layer. A code issue vulnerability exists in previous versions of Polkadot Frontier a754b3d that stems from an unimplemented checkinherent function of notemingaspricetarget, which could lead to Gas...

PT-2025-31152 · Parity Technologies · Polkadot Frontier

Name of the Vulnerable Software and Affected Versions: Polkadot Frontier versions prior to a754b3d Description: Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. The note min gas price target extrinsic is an inherent extrinsic, callable only by the block...

[SECURITY] Fedora 41 Update: yasm-1.3.0^20250625git121ab15-1.fc41

Yasm is a complete rewrite of the NASM assembler under the "new" BSD License some portions are under other licenses, see COPYING for details. It is designed from the ground up to allow for multiple assembler syntaxes to be supported eg, NASM, TASM, GAS, etc. in addition to multiple output object...

On the Consideration of Vanity Address Generation Via Identity-Based Signatures

An address is indicated as an identifier of the user on the blockchain, and is defined by a hash value of the ECDSA verification key. A vanity address is an address that embeds custom characters such as a name. To generate a vanity address, a classical try-and-error method is employed, and thus t...

Novel Blockchain-Based Protocols for Electronic Voting and Auctions

Programmable blockchains have long been a hot research topic given their tremendous use in decentralized applications. Smart contracts, using blockchains as their underlying technology, inherit the desired properties such as verifiability, immutability, and transparency, which make it a great sui...

Optimistic MEV in Ethereum Layer 2s: Why Blockspace Is Always in Demand

Layer 2 rollups are rapidly absorbing DeFi activity, securing over $40 billion and accounting for nearly half of Ethereum's DEX volume by Q1 2025, yet their MEV dynamics remain understudied. We address this gap by defining and quantifying optimistic MEV, a form of speculative, on-chain cyclic...

A Smart Contract-Based Non-Transferable Signature Verification System Using Nominative Signatures

Nominative signatures allow us to indicate who can verify a signature, and they can be employed to construct a non-transferable signature verification system that prevents the signature verification by a third party in unexpected situations. For example, this system can prevent IOU/loan certifica...

Unraveling Ethereum'S Mempool: the Impact of Fee Fairness, Transaction Prioritization, and Consensus Efficiency

Ethereum's transaction pool mempool dynamics and fee market efficiency critically affect transaction inclusion, validator workload, and overall network performance. This research empirically analyzes gas price variations, mempool clearance rates, and block finalization times in Ethereum's...

Navigating the Future of Scope 2: Balancing Impact and Practicality

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol’s Scope 2 revisions demand thoughtful action. Read how we’re prioritizing meaningful, measurable impact over rapid progress...

Shill Bidding Prevention in Decentralized Auctions Using Smart Contracts

In online auctions, fraudulent behaviors such as shill bidding pose significant risks. This paper presents a conceptual framework that applies dynamic, behavior-based penalties to deter auction fraud using blockchain smart contracts. Unlike traditional post-auction detection methods, this approac...

A Framework for Combined Transaction Posting and Pricing for Layer 2 Blockchains

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for transaction posting and pricing in Layer 2 L2 blockchain systems, focusing on challenges stemming from fluctuating Layer 1 L1 gas fees and the congestion issues within L2 networks. Existing methods have focused on the problem of optimal posting...

A Systematic Classification of Vulnerabilities in MoveEVM Smart Contracts (MWC)

We introduce the MoveEVM Weakness Classification MWC system -- a dedicated vulnerability taxonomy for smart contracts built with Move and executed in EVM-compatible environments. While Move was originally designed to prevent common security flaws via linear resource types and strict ownership, it...

CVE-2024-5051

A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Gas Agency Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file edituser.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been...

CVE-2024-44112

Due to missing authorization check in SAP for Oil & Gas Transportation and Distribution, an attacker authenticated as a non-administrative user could call a remote-enabled function which will allow them to delete non-sensitive entries in a user data table. There is no effect on confidentiality or...

CVE-2023-28431

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's modexp precompile uses num-bigint crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery...

CVE-2022-23327

A design flaw in Go-Ethereum 1.10.12 and older versions allows an attacker node to send 5120 future transactions with a high gas price in one message, which can purge all of pending transactions in a victim node's memory pool, causing a denial of service DoS...

CVE-2022-39242

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Prior to commit d3beddc6911a559a3ecc9b3f08e153dbe37a8658, the worst case weight was always accounted as the block weight for all cases. In case of large EVM gas refunds, this can lead to block spamming attacks -- the adversary can constru...

CVE-2022-2779

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Gas Agency Management System. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /gasmark/assets/myimages/oneWord.php. The manipulation of the argument shell leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be...

DeFeed: Secure Decentralized Cross-Contract Data Feed in Web 3.0 for Connected Autonomous Vehicles

Smart contracts have been a topic of interest in blockchain research and are a key enabling technology for Connected Autonomous Vehicles CAVs in the era of Web 3.0. These contracts enable trustless interactions without the need for intermediaries, as they operate based on predefined rules encoded...