Security update for the Linux Kernel (Live Patch 20 for SLE 15 SP5)

This update for the Linux Kernel 5.14.21-1505005583 fixes several issues. The following security issues were fixed: CVE-2022-49080: mm/mempolicy: fix mpolnew leak in sharedpolicyreplace bsc1238324. CVE-2024-49855: nbd: fix race between timeout and normal completion bsc1232900. CVE-2024-58013:...

Unraveling Ethereum'S Mempool: the Impact of Fee Fairness, Transaction Prioritization, and Consensus Efficiency

Ethereum's transaction pool mempool dynamics and fee market efficiency critically affect transaction inclusion, validator workload, and overall network performance. This research empirically analyzes gas price variations, mempool clearance rates, and block finalization times in Ethereum's...

The Scales of Justitia: a Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMs

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technology, Large Language Models LLMs have demonstrated remarkable potential in the field of Natural Language Processing NLP, including areas such as content generation, human-computer interaction, machine translation, and code generation,...

Design, Implementation, and Analysis of Fair Faucets for Blockchain Ecosystems

The present dissertation addresses the problem of fairly distributing shared resources in non-commercial blockchain networks. Blockchains are distributed systems that order and timestamp records of a given network of users, in a public, cryptographically secure, and consensual way. The records,...

kernel: sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in child_cfs_rq_on_list

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in childcfsrqonlist childcfsrqonlist attempts to convert a 'prev' pointer to a cfsrq. This 'prev' pointer can originate from struct rq's leafcfsrqlist, making the conversion invalid and...

Private Rate-Constrained Optimization with Applications to Fair Learning

Many problems in trustworthy ML can be formulated as minimization of the model error under constraints on the prediction rates of the model for suitably-chosen marginals, including most group fairness constraints demographic parity, equality of odds, etc.. In this work, we study such constrained...

CADRE: Customizable Assurance of Data Readiness in Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning PPFL is a decentralized machine learning approach where multiple clients train a model collaboratively. PPFL preserves privacy and security of the client's data by not exchanging it. However, ensuring that data at each client is of high quality and ready for...

MPMA: Preference Manipulation Attack against Model Context Protocol

Model Context Protocol MCP standardizes interface mapping for large language models LLMs to access external data and tools, which revolutionizes the paradigm of tool selection and facilitates the rapid expansion of the LLM agent tool ecosystem. However, as the MCP is increasingly adopted,...

kernel: sched: sch_cake: fix bulk flow accounting logic for host fairness

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched: schcake: fix bulk flow accounting logic for host fairness In schcake, we keep track of the count of active bulk flows per host, when running in dst/src host fairness mode, which is used as the round-robin weight when...

Fair Play for Individuals, Foul Play for Groups? Auditing Anonymization'S Impact on ML Fairness

Machine learning ML algorithms are heavily based on the availability of training data, which, depending on the domain, often includes sensitive information about data providers. This raises critical privacy concerns. Anonymization techniques have emerged as a practical solution to address these...

Building Trustworthy Multimodal AI: a Review of Fairness, Transparency, and Ethics in Vision-Language Tasks

Objective: This review explores the trustworthiness of multimodal artificial intelligence AI systems, specifically focusing on vision-language tasks. It addresses critical challenges related to fairness, transparency, and ethical implications in these systems, providing a comparative analysis of...

A Comment on "E-PoS: Making PoS Decentralized and Fair"

Proof-of-Stake PoS is a prominent Sybil control mechanism for blockchain-based systems. In "e-PoS: Making PoS Decentralized and Fair," Saad et al. TPDS'21 introduced a new Proof-of-Stake protocol, e-PoS, to enhance PoS applications' decentralization and fairness. In this comment paper, we address...

AiXamine: Simplified LLM Safety and Security

Evaluating Large Language Models LLMs for safety and security remains a complex task, often requiring users to navigate a fragmented landscape of ad hoc benchmarks, datasets, metrics, and reporting formats. To address this challenge, we present aiXamine, a comprehensive black-box evaluation...

Adversary-Augmented Simulation for Fairness Evaluation and Defense in Hyperledger Fabric

This paper presents an adversary model and a simulation framework specifically tailored for analyzing attacks on distributed systems composed of multiple distributed protocols, with a focus on assessing the security of blockchain networks. Our model classifies and constrains adversarial actions...

SUSE CVE-2025-21919

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in childcfsrqonlist childcfsrqonlist attempts to convert a 'prev' pointer to a cfsrq. This 'prev' pointer can originate from struct rq's leafcfsrqlist, making the conversion invalid and...

AZL-59966 CVE-2025-21919 affecting package kernel for versions less than 5.15.180.1-1

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in childcfsrqonlist childcfsrqonlist attempts to convert a 'prev' pointer to a cfsrq. This 'prev' pointer can originate from struct rq's leafcfsrqlist, making the conversion invalid and...

CVE-2025-21919

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in childcfsrqonlist childcfsrqonlist attempts to convert a 'prev' pointer to a cfsrq. This 'prev' pointer can originate from struct rq's leafcfsrqlist, making the conversion invalid and...

The vulnerability of the avg_vruntime() function in the kernel/sched/fair.c module of the Linux operating system allows a hacker to trigger a service failure.

The vulnerability of the avgvruntime function in the kernel/sched/fair.c module of the Linux operating system is related to pointer manipulation. Exploiting this vulnerability can allow an attacker to cause a service failure...

Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2024-46828

The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied patch available. - In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched: schcake: fix bulk flow accounting logic for host fairness In schcake, we keep track o...

SUSE CVE-2024-57996

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netsched: schsfq: don't allow 1 packet limit The current implementation does not work correctly with a limit of 1. iproute2 actually checks for this and this patch adds the check in kernel as well. This fixes the following...