CVE-2026-45363

ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key...

CVE-2026-45363

CVE-2026-45363 affects the ruby-jwt gem (Ruby implementation of JWT). Prior to versions 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decode(token, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256') can accept attacker-forged tokens because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest('SHA256', '', payload) yields a valid digest with an empty key, and empty-key pa...

CVE-2026-45363 `jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass

ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key...

CVE-2026-45363

ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key...

CVE-2026-45363 `jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass

ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key...

joserfc: HS256/HS384/HS512 verify accepts empty/nil HMAC key (cross-language sibling of CVE-2026-45363)

Summaryjoserfc.jwt.decode accepts attacker-forged HMAC-signed tokens when thecaller-supplied verification key is the empty string or None.HMACAlgorithm.sign and HMACAlgorithm.verify insrc/joserfc/rfc7518/jwsalgs.py:62-70 feed whateverOctKey.getopkey... produced into hmac.new..., and...

podman: Podman: Information disclosure via malicious container image environment variables

A flaw was found in Podman, a tool for managing OCI containers and pods. A malicious container image can be crafted with an environment variable that has a key but no value, or an asterisk , to trick Podman. This vulnerability causes Podman to pass host environment variables into the container...

Inadequate Encryption Strength

Overview Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Inadequate Encryption Strength in the verify process. An attacker can gain unauthorized access and forge arbitrary claims by submitting tokens signed with an empty or null key, which are incorrectly accepted as valid signatures. This is...

joserfc: HS256/HS384/HS512 verify accepts empty/nil HMAC key (cross-language sibling of CVE-2026-45363)

Summary joserfc.jwt.decode accepts attacker-forged HMAC-signed tokens when the caller-supplied verification key is the empty string or None. HMACAlgorithm.sign and HMACAlgorithm.verify in src/joserfc/rfc7518/jwsalgs.py:62-70 feed whatever OctKey.getopkey... produced into hmac.new..., and...

GHSA-GG9X-QCX2-XMRH joserfc: HS256/HS384/HS512 verify accepts empty/nil HMAC key (cross-language sibling of CVE-2026-45363)

Summary joserfc.jwt.decode accepts attacker-forged HMAC-signed tokens when the caller-supplied verification key is the empty string or None. HMACAlgorithm.sign and HMACAlgorithm.verify in src/joserfc/rfc7518/jwsalgs.py:62-70 feed whatever OctKey.getopkey... produced into hmac.new..., and...

CVE-2026-54887

Use of Default Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl DTLS server allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window, enabling source address verification bypass. On DTLS server startup, dtlsserverconnection:initialhello/3 initializes previouscookiesecret to the empty...

CVE-2026-54887

Use of Default Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl DTLS server allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window, enabling source address verification bypass. On DTLS server startup, dtlsserverconnection:initialhello/3 initializes previouscookiesecret to the empty...

CVE-2026-41896

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to 4.0.0-beta.474, the HMAC key is the application's manualwebhooksecretgithub field, which is used by Coolify's webhook endpoints to validate incoming requests, is nullable with no default —...

CVE-2026-57231

Podman is a tool for managing OCI containers and pods. From 1.8.1 until 5.8.4, a container image that contains a environment variable with just a key and no value can trick podman into passing that variable from the host into the container. This is made worse by the fact that using an asterisk wi...

CVE-2026-57231

CVE-2026-57231 affects Podman versions 1.8.1 through 5.8.4, where a container image with an Env entry having only a key (and using the * wildcard) can cause host environment variables to be leaked into the container at run time. The PTSecurity document confirms the issue is addressed in Podman 5....

PT-2026-52524

Name of the Vulnerable Software and Affected Versions pnpm versions prior to 10.34.2 pnpm versions prior to 11.5.3 Description Manifest bin object keys such as "", ".", and ".." bypass the bin-name guard. If a malicious package is installed globally, subsequent global remove, update, or...

CVE-2026-41207 netty-incubator-codec-ohttp's HPKEContext operations may produce empty byte[] on failures

The netty incubator codec.bhttp is a java language binary http parser. Prior to version 0.0.21.Final, HKDFexpand returns non-NULL on failure. The byte is filled with zeros and has no way to distinguish success from failure. Since this output is used as HKDF key material for the response AEAD, a...

netty-incubator-codec-ohttp's HPKEContext operations may produce empty byte[] on failures

HKDFexpand: returns non-NULL on failure. The byte is filled with zeros and has no way to distinguish success from failure. Since this output is used as HKDF key material for the response AEAD, a failure silently produces an all-zero key. When EVPHPKECTXexport fails it also returns an empty byte...

GHSA-C32J-VQHX-RX3X ruby-jwt: Empty-key HMAC bypass; cross-language sibling of CVE-2026-44351

JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token. OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key, and no raise InvalidKeyError if key.empty? precondition exists in the HMAC algorithm. JWT.decodetoken, "", true, algorithm: 'HS256' ...

ruby-jwt: Empty-key HMAC bypass; cross-language sibling of CVE-2026-44351

JWT.decodetoken, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256' accepts an attacker-forged token. OpenSSL::HMAC.digest'SHA256', '', payload returns a valid digest under an empty key, and no raise InvalidKeyError if key.empty? precondition exists in the HMAC algorithm. JWT.decodetoken, "", true, algorithm: 'HS256' ...