CVE-2026-40686

In Exim before 4.99.2, when utf8 operators are enabled, there is an out-of-bounds read if large UTF-8 trailing characters are present malformed UTF-8 header data. Information might be divulged within an error message produced during handling of an unrelated e-mail message...

expat: Malformed 2- and 3-byte UTF-8 sequences can lead to arbitrary code execution

A flaw was found in expat. Passing malformed 2- and 3-byte UTF-8 sequences for example, from start tag names to the XML processing application on top of expat can lead to arbitrary code execution. This issue is dependent on how invalid UTF-8 is handled inside the XML processor...

Ruby UTF-8 Parser Denial of Service Vulnerability

Ruby is a cross-platform, object-oriented, dynamically typed programming language. A security vulnerability in the 'parseryyerror' function of Ruby's UTF-8 parser allows remote attackers to exploit the vulnerability to submit a special request for a denial of service attack...