Netherlands Busts Bulletproof Hosting Network Linked to Disinformation and Cybercrime

Dutch authorities arrested two suspects after dismantling a bulletproof hosting network linked to cybercrime, disinfo, and Russian sanctions evasion...

Belief in False Information: A Human-Centered Security Risk in Sociotechnical Systems

This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the belief in false information, including misinformation, disinformation, and fake information. It addresses the increasing societal concern regarding false information, which is fueled by technological progress, especially advancements in...

Dismantling Defenses: Trump 2.0 Cyber Year in Review

The Trump administration has pursued a staggering range of policy pivots this past year that threaten to weaken the nation's ability and willingness to address a broad spectrum of technology challenges, from cybersecurity and privacy to countering disinformation, fraud and corruption. These shift...

Analysing Multidisciplinary Approaches to Fight Large-Scale Digital Influence Operations

Crime as a Service CaaS has evolved from isolated criminal incidents to a broad spectrum of illicit activities, including social media manipulation, foreign information manipulation and interference FIMI, and the sale of disinformation toolkits. This article analyses how threat actors exploit...

Ask What Your Country Can Do for You: Towards a Public Red Teaming Model

AI systems have the potential to produce both benefits and harms, but without rigorous and ongoing adversarial evaluation, AI actors will struggle to assess the breadth and magnitude of the AI risk surface. Researchers from the field of systems design have developed several effective sociotechnic...

Towards Proactive Defense against Cyber Cognitive Attacks

Cyber cognitive attacks leverage disruptive innovations DIs to exploit psychological biases and manipulate decision-making processes. Emerging technologies, such as AI-driven disinformation and synthetic media, have accelerated the scale and sophistication of these threats. Prior studies primaril...

DITTO: A Spoofing Attack Framework on Watermarked LLMs Via Knowledge Distillation

The promise of LLM watermarking rests on a core assumption that a specific watermark proves authorship by a specific model. We demonstrate that this assumption is dangerously flawed. We introduce the threat of watermark spoofing, a sophisticated attack that allows a malicious model to generate te...

What’s there to save about social media? (Lock and Code S06E20)

This week on the Lock and Code podcast … "Connection" was the promise—and goal—of much of the early internet. No longer would people be separated from vital resources and news that was either too hard to reach or made simply inaccessible by governments. No longer would education be guarded behind...

Bulletproof Host Stark Industries Evades EU Sanctions

In May 2025, the European Union levied financial sanctions on the owners ofStark Industries Solutions Ltd. , a bulletproof hosting provider that materialized two weeks before Russia invaded Ukraine and quickly became a top source of Kremlin-linked cyberattacks and disinformation campaigns. But ne...

Invitation Is All You Need! Promptware Attacks against LLM-Powered Assistants in Production Are Practical and Dangerous

The growing integration of LLMs into applications has introduced new security risks, notably known as Promptware - maliciously engineered prompts designed to manipulate LLMs to compromise the CIA triad of these applications. While prior research warned about a potential shift in the threat...

Inside a Dark Adtech Empire Fed by Fake CAPTCHAs

Late last year, security researchers made a startling discovery: Kremlin-backed disinformation campaigns were bypassing moderation on social media platforms by leveraging the same malicious advertising technology that powers a sprawling ecosystem of online hucksters and website hackers. A new...

Security Concerns for Large Language Models: a Survey

Large Language Models LLMs such as GPT-4 and its recent iterations, Google's Gemini, Anthropic's Claude 3 models, and xAI's Grok have caused a revolution in natural language processing, but their capabilities also introduce new security vulnerabilities. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive...

Elevating Cyber Threat Intelligence against Disinformation Campaigns with LLM-Based Concept Extraction and the FakeCTI Dataset

The swift spread of fake news and disinformation campaigns poses a significant threat to public trust, political stability, and cybersecurity. Traditional Cyber Threat Intelligence CTI approaches, which rely on low-level indicators such as domain names and social media handles, are easily evaded ...

CISA: STS Scenarios Workshop 1 Scenario 3 Deep Disinformation

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Iranian and Russian Entities Sanctioned for Election Interference Using AI and Cyber Tactics

The U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control OFAC on Tuesday leveled sanctions against two entities in Iran and Russia for their attempts to interfere with the November 2024 presidential election. The federal agency said the entities – a subordinate organization of Iran's Islam...

Algorithms Are Coming for Democracy—but It’s Not All Bad

In 2025, AI is poised to change every aspect of democratic politics--but it won't necessarily be for the worse. India's prime minister, Narendra Modi, has used AI to translate his speeches for his multilingual electorate in real time, demonstrating how AI can help diverse democracies to be more...

GLASSBRIDGE: Google Blocks Thousands of Pro-China Fake News Sites

Google reveals GLASSBRIDGE: A network of thousands of fake news sites pushing pro-China narratives globally. These sites, run by PR firms, spread disinformation and lack transparency...

The US Is Calling Out Foreign Influence Campaigns Faster Than Ever

The 2024 elections were a high-water mark for naming and shaming threat actors from foreign governments. There’s still work to be done, though, on how to attribute disinformation campaigns most effectively...

Why your vote can’t be “hacked,” with Cait Conley of CISA (Lock and Code S05E23)

This week on the Lock and Code podcast … The US presidential election is upon the American public, and with it come fears of "election interference." But "election interference" is a broad term. It can mean the now-regular and expected foreign disinformation campaigns that are launched to sow...

Microsoft Warns Foreign Disinformation Is Hitting the US Election From All Directions

Russia, Iran, and China are targeting the US election with an evolving array of influence operations in the last days of campaign season...