Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Overview altcha is a The ALTCHA Python Library is a lightweight, zero-dependency library designed for creating and verifying ALTCHA challenges, specifically tailored for Python applications. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature via t...

Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Overview Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature via the HMAC computation. An attacker can bypass intended challenge expiration and reuse previously solved challenges by submitting a valid proof-of-work with a modified expiration value,...

USN-7937-1 linux-azure-fips vulnerabilities

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this t...

HAL -- an Open-Source Framework for Gate-Level Netlist Analysis

HAL is an open-source framework for gate-level netlist analysis, an integral step in hardware reverse engineering. It provides analysts with an interactive GUI, an extensible plugin system, and APIs in both C++ and Python for rapid prototyping and automation. In addition, HAL ships with plugins f...

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS / 24.04 LTS : Linux kernel vulnerabilities (USN-7931-1)

The remote Ubuntu 22.04 LTS / 24.04 LTS host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-7931-1 advisory. Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update...

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS / 24.04 LTS : Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities (USN-7935-1)

The remote Ubuntu 22.04 LTS / 24.04 LTS host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-7935-1 advisory. Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Regge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor...

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS / 25.04 : Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities (USN-7934-1)

The remote Ubuntu 24.04 LTS / 25.04 host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-7934-1 advisory. It was discovered that improper initialization of CPU cache memory could allow a local attacker with hypervisor access to overwrite SEV-SNP guest...

Fortinet FortiWeb ApacheCookie_parse Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of Fortinet FortiWeb. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the ApacheCookieparse method. The issue results from the lack of proper verification of...

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS : Linux kernel (OEM) vulnerabilities (USN-7936-1)

The remote Ubuntu 24.04 LTS host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-7936-1 advisory. Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in...

CVE-2025-68113: Misinterpretation of Input

ALTCHA is privacy-first software for captcha and bot protection. A cryptographic semantic binding flaw in ALTCHA libraries allows challenge payload splicing, which may enable replay attacks. The HMAC signature does not unambiguously bind challenge parameters to the nonce, allowing an attacker to...

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS / 16.04 LTS : Linux kernel vulnerabilities (USN-7930-1)

The remote Ubuntu 14.04 LTS / 16.04 LTS host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-7930-1 advisory. Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update...

USN-7935-1: Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this t...

USN-7935-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8 vulnerabilities

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this t...

USN-7936-1 linux-oem-6.14 vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Compute Acceleration Framework; - Media drivers; - Netfilter; - TLS protocol; CVE-2025-39946,...

USN-7936-1: Linux kernel (OEM) vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Compute Acceleration Framework; - Media drivers; - Netfilter; - TLS protocol; CVE-2025-39946,...

USN-7934-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.14 vulnerabilities

It was discovered that improper initialization of CPU cache memory could allow a local attacker with hypervisor access to overwrite SEV-SNP guest memory resulting in loss of data integrity. CVE-2024-36331 Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux...

USN-7931-3 linux-realtime, linux-realtime-6.8 vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Media drivers; - Memory management; - Appletalk network protocol; - Netfilter; CVE-2025-37958,...

USN-7931-3: Linux kernel (Real-time) vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Media drivers; - Memory management; - Appletalk network protocol; - Netfilter; CVE-2025-37958,...

USN-7931-2 linux-fips, linux-aws-fips, linux-gcp-fips vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Media drivers; - Memory management; - Appletalk network protocol; - Netfilter; CVE-2025-37958,...

USN-7931-2: Linux kernel (FIPS) vulnerabilities

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Cryptographic API; - Media drivers; - Memory management; - Appletalk network protocol; - Netfilter; CVE-2025-37958,...