COGNITION: From Evaluation to Defense against Multimodal LLM CAPTCHA Solvers

This paper studies how multimodal large language models MLLMs undermine the security guarantees of visual CAPTCHA. We identify the attack surface where an adversary can cheaply automate CAPTCHA solving using off-the-shelf models. We evaluate 7 leading commercial and open-source MLLMs across 18...

Blogile 安全漏洞

Blogile is a Node.js blogging system. A security vulnerability exists in Blogile, which stems from a weak CAPTCHA generation mechanism and a lack of rate limiting, which could lead to a brute force attack...

MAL-2025-190568 Malicious code in captcha-paypal (npm)

--- -= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=- Source: amazon-inspector 358456d344b5a4b2a92cb9b9094bafcf797200b5a0b6549e46175fbbfff70fa4 The package captcha-paypal was found to contain malicious code. Source: ossf-package-analysis...

EUVD-2025-198096

Malicious code in captcha-paypal npm...

Malicious code in captcha-paypal (npm)

--- -= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=- Source: amazon-inspector 358456d344b5a4b2a92cb9b9094bafcf797200b5a0b6549e46175fbbfff70fa4 The package captcha-paypal was found to contain malicious code. Source: ossf-package-analysis...

adaptivewaf

Adaptive Web Application Firewall WAF - v1 Rule-Based A hob...

Fake CAPTCHA sites now have tutorial videos to help victims install malware

Early on in 2025, I described how criminals used fake CAPTCHA sites and a clipboard hijacker to provide instructions for website visitors that would effectively infect their own machines with an information stealer known as the Lumma Stealer. ClickFix is the name researchers have since given to...

WordPress OOPSpam Anti-Spam plugin IP Header Forgery Vulnerability

WordPress OOPSpam Anti-Spam plugin is an anti-spam plugin designed for WordPress that protects forms and comments from spam through AI and machine learning techniques without the use of CAPTCHA validation. The WordPress OOPSpam Anti-Spam plugin suffers from an IP header forgery vulnerability that...

CVE-2025-12094 OOPSpam Anti-Spam: Spam Protection for WordPress Forms & Comments (No CAPTCHA) <= 1.2.53 - Unauthenticated IP Header Spoofing

The OOPSpam Anti-Spam: Spam Protection for WordPress Forms & Comments No CAPTCHA plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to IP Header Spoofing in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.53. This is due to the plugin trusting client-controlled forwarded headers such as CF-Connecting-IP, X-Forwarded-For,...

IOFIT AG Life Logger Android App 安全漏洞

IOFIT AG Life Logger Android App is a sports app from IOFIT Japan. A security vulnerability exists in IOFIT AG Life Logger Android App v1.0.2.72 and earlier versions, which stems from improper access control and a predictable CAPTCHA, and could lead to account disclosure and misuse of cloud...

Malicious Package

Overview dezcord.js is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm...

Malicious Package

Overview etherdjs is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm's...

Malicious Package

Overview dizcordjs is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm'...

Malicious Package

Overview nodemonjs is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm'...

Malicious Package

Overview ethesjs is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm's...

Malicious Package

Overview react-router-dom.js is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload...

Malicious Package

Overview zustand.js is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs npm...

Malicious Package

Overview deezcord.js is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs...

Malicious Package

Overview typescriptjs is a malicious package. This is a "typosquatting" package, which means the package name is based on existing repositories, namespaces, or components, it aims to trick users to download the package which contains a malicious code. Payload behavior The malicious payload runs...

10 npm Packages Caught Stealing Developer Credentials on Windows, macOS, and Linux

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a set of 10 malicious npm packages that are designed to deliver an information stealer targeting Windows, Linux, and macOS systems. "The malware uses four layers of obfuscation to hide its payload, displays a fake CAPTCHA to appear legitimate, fingerprint...