SoK: Taxonomy and Evaluation of Prompt Security in Large Language Models

Large Language Models LLMs have rapidly become integral to real-world applications, powering services across diverse sectors. However, their widespread deployment has exposed critical security risks, particularly through jailbreak prompts that can bypass model alignment and induce harmful outputs...

Towards Proactive Defense against Cyber Cognitive Attacks

Cyber cognitive attacks leverage disruptive innovations DIs to exploit psychological biases and manipulate decision-making processes. Emerging technologies, such as AI-driven disinformation and synthetic media, have accelerated the scale and sophistication of these threats. Prior studies primaril...

Microsoft Exchange Server Spoofing Vulnerability (CNVD-2025-26718)

Microsoft Exchange Server is the United States Microsoft Microsoft company's set of e-mail service program. It provides e-mail access, storage, forwarding, voice mail, e-mail filtering and screening. A spoofing vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server, which can be exploited by attackers...

Multiple Password Managers Vulnerable to Clickjacking Attacks

Overview Browser-extension password managers, which autofill sensitive information on websites, can be exposed to various clickjacking attacks. These attacks exploit the trust relationship between a web page and the user-interface elements injected by the extension. Recent studies show that...

CVE-2025-34519

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contain an insecure hashing algorithm vulnerability. The product stores passwords using the MD5 hash function without applying a per‑password salt. Because MD5 is a fast, unsalted hash, an attacker who obtains the password database can...

CVE-2025-34519

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contain an insecure hashing algorithm vulnerability. The product stores passwords using the MD5 hash function without applying a per‑password salt. Because MD5 is a fast, unsalted hash, an attacker who obtains the password database can...

CVE-2025-34519 Ilevia EVE X1 Server 4.7.18.0.eden Insecure Hashing Algorithm

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contain an insecure hashing algorithm vulnerability. The product stores passwords using the MD5 hash function without applying a per‑password salt. Because MD5 is a fast, unsalted hash, an attacker who obtains the password database can...

CVE-2025-34519

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden store user passwords with MD5 without per-password salt, enabling offline dictionary/rainbow-table/brute-force attacks on a breached database. Connected sources confirm this insecure hashing practice and indicate the vendor has declined to se...

EUVD-2025-34806

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contain an insecure hashing algorithm vulnerability. The product stores passwords using the MD5 hash function without applying a per‑password salt. Because MD5 is a fast, unsalted hash, an attacker who obtains the password database can...

CVE-2025-34519 Ilevia EVE X1 Server 4.7.18.0.eden Insecure Hashing Algorithm

Ilevia EVE X1 Server firmware versions ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contain an insecure hashing algorithm vulnerability. The product stores passwords using the MD5 hash function without applying a per‑password salt. Because MD5 is a fast, unsalted hash, an attacker who obtains the password database can...

Extortion and ransomware drive over half of cyberattacks

In 80% of the cyber incidents Microsoft’s security teams investigated last year, attackers sought to steal data—a trend driven more by financial gain than intelligence gathering. According to the latest Microsoft Digital Defense Report, written with our Chief Information Security Officer Igor...

EUVD-2025-34730

Mattermost has an Observable Timing Discrepancy vulnerability...

CVE-2025-54499

Mattermost versions 10.5.x = 10.5.10, 10.11.x = 10.11.2 fail to use constant-time comparison for sensitive string comparisons which allows attackers to exploit timing oracles to perform byte-by-byte brute force attacks via response time analysis on Cloud API keys and OAuth client secrets...

CVE-2025-54499 Insecure string comparison enables timing attacks

Mattermost versions 10.5.x = 10.5.10, 10.11.x = 10.11.2 fail to use constant-time comparison for sensitive string comparisons which allows attackers to exploit timing oracles to perform byte-by-byte brute force attacks via response time analysis on Cloud API keys and OAuth client secrets...

CVE-2025-54499 Insecure string comparison enables timing attacks

Mattermost versions 10.5.x = 10.5.10, 10.11.x = 10.11.2 fail to use constant-time comparison for sensitive string comparisons which allows attackers to exploit timing oracles to perform byte-by-byte brute force attacks via response time analysis on Cloud API keys and OAuth client secrets...

CVE-2025-54499

Mattermost CVE-2025-54499 affects Mattermost Server 10.5.x (≤10.5.10) and 10.11.x (≤10.11.2). The root cause is non-constant-time comparison for sensitive strings, enabling timing-based side-channel attacks that could reveal Cloud API keys and OAuth client secrets. Connected advisories also link ...

CVE-2025-54499 Insecure string comparison enables timing attacks

Mattermost versions 10.5.x = 10.5.10, 10.11.x = 10.11.2 fail to use constant-time comparison for sensitive string comparisons which allows attackers to exploit timing oracles to perform byte-by-byte brute force attacks via response time analysis on Cloud API keys and OAuth client secrets...

Reduced Password Entropy

typo3/cms-core is vulnerable to reduced password entropy. The vulnerability is due to a deterministic three-character prefix in the Password Generation component, which reduces randomness and allows an attacker to perform brute-force attacks more efficiently...

Leveraging Code Cohesion Analysis to Identify Source Code Supply Chain Attacks

Supply chain attacks significantly threaten software security with malicious code injections within legitimate projects. Such attacks are very rare but may have a devastating impact. Detecting spurious code injections using automated tools is further complicated as it often requires deciphering t...

Ilevia EVE X1 Server 安全漏洞

Ilevia EVE X1 Server is a smart home and building automation from Ilevia, Italy. A security vulnerability exists in Ilevia EVE X1 Server version 4.7.18.0.eden and prior versions, which stems from storing passwords using the unsalted MD5 hash algorithm, which could lead to an offline dictionary...