Digital-Signature-Forgery-Attack

In this article, we will look at the cryptographic attack of digital signature forgery Digital Signature Forgery Attack, its consequences pose a threat to the security of transactions in the Bitcoin network, since digital signatures confirm the ownership and authorization of cryptocurrency...

CVE-2026-104437

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASHSINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts an...

CVE-2026-104437 Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASHSINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts an...

EUVD-2026-91447

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASHSINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts an...

CVE-2026-104437 Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASHSINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts an...

CVE-2026-104437 Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASHSINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts an...

CVE-2026-104435 Zebra 4.4.0 Consensus Divergence via V5 SIGHASH_SINGLE Without Output

Zebra zebrad 4.4.0 and zebra-script 6.0.0 fail to enforce a ZIP-244 consensus rule, accepting V5 transparent inputs signed with SIGHASHSINGLE that lack a corresponding output. Attackers can broadcast crafted V5 transactions with more inputs than outputs that Zebra accepts but zcashd rejects,...

CVE-2026-104435 Zebra 4.4.0 Consensus Divergence via V5 SIGHASH_SINGLE Without Output

Zebra zebrad 4.4.0 and zebra-script 6.0.0 fail to enforce a ZIP-244 consensus rule, accepting V5 transparent inputs signed with SIGHASHSINGLE that lack a corresponding output. Attackers can broadcast crafted V5 transactions with more inputs than outputs that Zebra accepts but zcashd rejects,...

Phantom-Signature-Attack

This research paper presents a comprehensive cryptanalytic study of critical vulnerabilities in the Bitcoin protocol’s digital signature implementation, namely the Phantom Signature Attack CVE-2025-29774 and the fundamental SIGHASHSINGLE processing error . The study demonstrates that incorrect...